Introduction

Tor Statistics: Tor is a free network that helps people stay anonymous online. It works using open-source software and depends on more than 7,000 volunteer-run relays across the world. Tor, known as “The Onion Router,†is a free tool that helps protect your identity and activity online.

It helps in hiding location and internet use by passing your data through many different servers, called relays, run by volunteers around the globe. Tor is built on open-source software and is widely used by journalists, activists, and everyday users who value their privacy. It was developed by the Tor Project and initially released on September 20, 2002.

This article includes several statistical analyses from different sources covering the overall market trend, features, types, user bases, demographics, countries, traffic shares, and many other factors.

The number of secure internet servers in Argentina increased by ***** servers per one million inhabitants (+*** percent) compared to the previous year. While the growth is slowing down, with ******* servers per one million inhabitants, the number of secure internet servers is at its peak in the observed period. Notably, the number of secure internet servers continuously increased over the last years.Find more statistics on other topics about Argentina with key insights such as number of secure internet servers.

The number of secure internet servers in Mexico increased by **** servers per one million inhabitants (+**** percent) in 2023. Therefore, the number of secure internet servers in Mexico reached a peak in 2023 with ****** servers per one million inhabitants. Notably, the number of secure internet servers continuously increased over the last years.Find more statistics on other topics about Mexico with key insights such as number of secure internet servers.

AIT Log Data Sets

This repository contains synthetic log data suitable for evaluation of intrusion detection systems. The logs were collected from four independent testbeds that were built at the Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT) following the approach by Landauer et al. (2020) [1]. Please refer to the paper for more detailed information on automatic testbed generation and cite it if the data is used for academic publications. In brief, each testbed simulates user accesses to a webserver that runs Horde Webmail and OkayCMS. The duration of the simulation is six days. On the fifth day (2020-03-04) two attacks are launched against each web server.

The archive AIT-LDS-v1_0.zip contains the directories "data" and "labels".

The data directory is structured as follows. Each directory mail..com contains the logs of one web server. Each directory user- contains the logs of one user host machine, where one or more users are simulated. Each file log.log in the user- directories contains the activity logs of one particular user.

Setup details of the web servers:

OS: Debian Stretch 9.11.6

Services:

Apache2

PHP7

Exim 4.89

Horde 5.2.22

OkayCMS 2.3.4

Suricata

ClamAV

MariaDB

Setup details of user machines:

OS: Ubuntu Bionic

Services:

Chromium

Firefox

User host machines are assigned to web servers in the following way:

mail.cup.com is accessed by users from host machines user-{0, 1, 2, 6}

mail.spiral.com is accessed by users from host machines user-{3, 5, 8}

mail.insect.com is accessed by users from host machines user-{4, 9}

mail.onion.com is accessed by users from host machines user-{7, 10}

The following attacks are launched against the web servers (different starting times for each web server, please check the labels for exact attack times):

Attack 1: multi-step attack with sequential execution of the following attacks:

nmap scan

nikto scan

smtp-user-enum tool for account enumeration

hydra brute force login

webshell upload through Horde exploit (CVE-2019-9858)

privilege escalation through Exim exploit (CVE-2019-10149)

Attack 2: webshell injection through malicious cookie (CVE-2019-16885)

Attacks are launched from the following user host machines. In each of the corresponding directories user-, logs of the attack execution are found in the file attackLog.txt:

user-6 attacks mail.cup.com

user-5 attacks mail.spiral.com

user-4 attacks mail.insect.com

user-7 attacks mail.onion.com

The log data collected from the web servers includes

Apache access and error logs

syscall logs collected with the Linux audit daemon

suricata logs

exim logs

auth logs

daemon logs

mail logs

syslogs

user logs

Note that due to their large size, the audit/audit.log files of each server were compressed in a .zip-archive. In case that these logs are needed for analysis, they must first be unzipped.

Labels are organized in the same directory structure as logs. Each file contains two labels for each log line separated by a comma, the first one based on the occurrence time, the second one based on similarity and ordering. Note that this does not guarantee correct labeling for all lines and that no manual corrections were conducted.

Version history and related data sets:

AIT-LDS-v1.0: Four datasets, logs from single host, fine-granular audit logs, mail/CMS.

AIT-LDS-v1.1: Removed carriage return of line endings in audit.log files.

AIT-LDS-v2.0: Eight datasets, logs from all hosts, system logs and network traffic, mail/CMS/cloud/web.

Acknowledgements: Partially funded by the FFG projects INDICAETING (868306) and DECEPT (873980), and the EU project GUARD (833456).

If you use the dataset, please cite the following publication:

[1] M. Landauer, F. Skopik, M. Wurzenberger, W. Hotwagner and A. Rauber, "Have it Your Way: Generating Customized Log Datasets With a Model-Driven Simulation Testbed," in IEEE Transactions on Reliability, vol. 70, no. 1, pp. 402-415, March 2021, doi: 10.1109/TR.2020.3031317. [PDF]

The CBPnet Web Trends Server is a COTS report generation product uses proprietary data storage and standard web server logs as input and supports the Office of Public Affairs in providing advanced reports for web traffic analysis for CBPnet and related web sites. It utilizes product specific database to support it's functionality.

Secure Internet servers (per 1 million people) in World was reported at 16379 in 2024, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. World - Secure Internet servers (per 1 million people) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

The number of secure internet servers in Costa Rica increased by *** thousand servers (+**** percent) in 2023. While the growth is slowing down, with **** thousand servers, the number of secure internet servers is at its peak in the observed period. Notably, the number of secure internet servers continuously increased over the last years.Find more statistics on other topics about Costa Rica with key insights such as number of secure internet servers.

According to the Cognitive Market Research Report, the Data Processing and Hosting Service market size in 2024 was XX Million and is projected to have a compounded annual growth rate of XX% from 2025 to 2033. The emergence of cloud-based platforms and the growing number of small and medium enterprises are driving the market growth of Data Processing and Hosting Services. This market is further segmented by type, application, and deployment. The shared hosting under product type, public website, and public deployment holds the dominant share in the data processing and hosting service. The market is divided into shared hosting, dedicated hosting, collocated hosting, virtual private server hosting, managed hosting, self-managed hosting, and others. The shared hosting sector leads the market since small and medium-sized businesses choose shared servers over other forms of hosting. The Asia-Pacific region is the most dominant due to its high share of the global internet population and major organizations' and SMEs' quick adoption of cloud services The Data Processing and Hosting Services Market is relatively competitive, with significant companies including GoDaddy Operating Company LLC, Bluehost (Endurance International Group), HostGator.com LLC, Hostinger International, Ltd., and Amazon Web Services Inc. Some players presently have a large market share. However, as hosting solutions for professional services progress, new firms are strengthening their market presence, consequently expanding their corporate footprint into emerging markets.

Market Dynamics of Data Processing And Hosting Service Market

Key Drivers of Data Processing And Hosting Service Market

The adoption of web and mobile applications drive the market growth

The boom in web and mobile apps has had a huge impact on the market of data processing and hosting services for backend infrastructure, especially in terms of data processing and data storage. As people use applications more and more for entertainment, shopping, communication, and even healthcare, the number of applications has risen astronomically. Millions of transactions and interactions are handled each day by sites like social networking websites, messaging apps, and online stores. For instance, the demand for virtual health care solutions surged, compelling data hosting providers to expand their infrastructure to support the growing data traffic at a rapid pace.

Web Hosting is gaining traction due to the emergence of cloud-based platforms

Web hosting services are gaining pace in response to increased customer demand for web hosting services that are appropriate for their needs. Furthermore, the increased acceptance of cloud services in organizations is opening up new potential for the web hosting market over time. The rise of the cloud has had a massive impact on data management and hosting services. It is a low-cost way for businesses to make use of current technology and design without incurring the high upfront costs of acquiring, installing, and configuring the necessary hardware, software, and infrastructure. Furthermore, major firms were able to swiftly adapt to a developing data-driven economy by leveraging their current resources and competencies to manage it efficiently. Furthermore, SMBs globally are increasingly demanding cloud-based hosting services, which is likely to boost the web hosting sector throughout the projection period. The move to the cloud makes it easier to create programmes that users can use in their browsers rather than downloading on their devices. This greatly accelerates market expansion. Furthermore, with the introduction of web-based applications, app building became so simple that hosting several apps on a single server became straightforward. For instance, Hostinger International Ltd. is a well-known web hosting firm that offers hosting solutions. Hostinger is a trustworthy web hosting company. They offer fast loading speeds and excellent uptime rates to ensure that users may access the site anytime they want. Hostinger also provides knowledgeable and courteous customer service that is available around the clock. (Source: https://www.hostinger.in/about#:~:text=Hostinger%20is%20one%20of%20the,Hostinger%20and%20hustle%20with%20us) Therefore, the emergence of cloud-based platforms has expanded the data processing and hosting service market.

Growing small a...

Game Server Hosting Platform Market Outlook

The global game server hosting platform market size was valued at USD 3.5 billion in 2023 and is expected to reach USD 7.6 billion by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.5% during the forecast period. The primary growth factor driving this market is the increasing popularity of online gaming and esports, which demands robust, scalable, and reliable server hosting solutions.

The surge in online gaming is one of the most significant growth drivers for the game server hosting platform market. With millions of gamers around the world spending hours engaged in multiplayer online games, the need for powerful servers that can handle large volumes of data traffic is paramount. The rise of games like Fortnite, PUBG, and other massively multiplayer online games has put substantial pressure on game developers to ensure seamless and uninterrupted gaming experiences, thus boosting demand for game server hosting platforms. Additionally, the proliferation of internet access and the advent of 5G technology are expected to facilitate smoother and more immersive gaming experiences, further driving the market's growth.

Another critical growth factor is the expanding esports industry. Esports has transitioned from a niche hobby to a global phenomenon, with professional gamers, large-scale tournaments, and significant sponsorship deals. This burgeoning industry requires advanced server hosting platforms to support the complex infrastructure needed for competitive gaming, live streaming, and real-time audience engagement. The growing investment in esports by major corporations and the increasing number of esports organizations are anticipated to enhance the demand for game server hosting platforms.

Technological advancements in cloud computing and virtualization are also playing a crucial role in the growth of the game server hosting platform market. Cloud-based game server hosting offers numerous advantages, including scalability, cost-effectiveness, and flexibility, making it an attractive option for game developers and publishers. Additionally, advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning are paving the way for more sophisticated and efficient server management solutions, further driving market growth.

In the realm of game server hosting, the role of Server Accessories cannot be understated. These accessories, which include components like power supplies, cooling systems, and network interface cards, are crucial for maintaining the optimal performance and reliability of game servers. As the demand for high-performance gaming experiences grows, so does the need for advanced server accessories that can support the increased data loads and processing requirements. Investing in quality server accessories ensures that game servers can handle peak traffic without compromising on speed or stability, thereby enhancing the overall gaming experience for users.

From a regional perspective, North America dominates the game server hosting platform market, primarily due to the high concentration of game developers and esports organizations in this region. However, the Asia Pacific region is expected to witness the highest growth rate during the forecast period. The increasing penetration of smartphones, the growing popularity of mobile gaming, and the rapid expansion of internet infrastructure in countries like China, India, and Japan are key factors contributing to this growth. Europe, Latin America, and the Middle East & Africa also present significant growth opportunities, driven by the rising popularity of gaming and esports in these regions.

Type Analysis

The game server hosting platform market is segmented by type into shared hosting, dedicated hosting, cloud hosting, and VPS hosting. Shared hosting is a cost-effective solution where multiple websites share a single serverÂ’s resources. This type of hosting is generally preferred by smaller developers or individual gamers due to its affordability, despite its limitations in performance and security. Shared hosting is less ideal for high-traffic or resource-intensive games, as the server resources are divided among all users, leading to potential latency issues during peak times.

Dedicated hosting involves renting an entire server dedicated to a single client. This type of hosting provides greater control, flexibility, and performance, making it suitable for larger game developers and esport

Graph and download economic data for Secure Internet Servers for World (ITNETSECRP6WLD) from 2010 to 2024 about servers, internet, and securities.

Introduction

SSL Statistics: SSL is short for Secure Sockets Layer, a security technology that allows a web server and a browser to create an encrypted link. This ensures that all data transmitted between the server and the client remains secure and private.

SSL has been replaced by Transport Layer Security (TLS), but the term SSL is still commonly used to refer to both technologies. This article includes several statistical analyses and current trends from different perspectives that will help you understand SSL's effectiveness and security.

Metabolomics data analysis depends on the utilization of bioinformatics tools. To meet the evolving needs of metabolomics research, several integrated platforms have been developed. Our group has developed a desktop platform IP4M (integrated Platform for Metabolomics Data Analysis) which allows users to perform a nearly complete metabolomics data analysis in one-stop. With the extensive usage of IP4M, more and more demands were raised from users worldwide for a web version and a more customized workflow. Thus, iMAP (integrated Metabolomics Analysis Platform) was developed with extended functions, improved performances, and redesigned structures. Compared with existing platforms, iMAP has more methods and usage modes. A new module was developed with an automatic pipeline for train-test set separation, feature selection, and predictive model construction and validation. A new module was incorporated with sufficient editable parameters for network construction, visualization, and analysis. Moreover, plenty of plotting tools have been upgraded for highly customized publication-ready figures. Overall, iMAP is a good alternative tool with complementary functions to existing metabolomics data analysis platforms. iMAP is freely available for academic usage at https://imap.metaboprofile.cloud/ (License MPL 2.0).

Snapshot img

Web Hosting Services Market Size 2025-2029

The web hosting services market size is forecast to increase by USD 145.7 billion, at a CAGR of 17.2% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is experiencing significant growth, driven primarily by the burgeoning e-commerce industry. As more businesses move online, the demand for reliable and efficient web hosting solutions increases. A second key trend shaping the market is the implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in web hosting services. AI enables improved site performance, enhanced security, and personalized user experiences, making it an essential differentiator for service providers. However, the market also faces challenges, with data privacy and security concerns looming large.
Companies must balance the benefits of offering advanced features with the need to protect customer data, making this a critical strategic consideration. To capitalize on opportunities and navigate challenges effectively, web hosting providers must stay abreast of emerging trends and invest in innovative solutions that address evolving customer needs and concerns. With the increasing amount of sensitive customer data being stored on web servers, ensuring robust security measures is crucial. Big data and third-party integrations enable advanced analytics and customization. Web hosting resellers offer white-label solutions for agencies and partners.

What will be the Size of the Web Hosting Services Market during the forecast period?

Explore in-depth regional segment analysis with market size data - historical 2019-2023 and forecasts 2025-2029 - in the full report.
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The market continues to evolve, with dynamic market activities unfolding across various sectors. Entities offering domain registration, pay-per-click (PPC), web server, reseller hosting, shared hosting, website design, security audits, SSL certificates, social media marketing, control panel, and other related services are integrating their offerings to cater to the diverse needs of businesses. Network infrastructure and cloud hosting solutions have gained significant traction, enabling businesses to scale their operations and improve website performance. Managed hosting services, with their focus on customer support and technical expertise, have become essential for businesses seeking reliable and efficient hosting solutions. Web analytics and website traffic monitoring have become crucial tools for businesses to optimize their online presence and enhance user experience.

VPS hosting and dedicated hosting solutions offer businesses greater control and flexibility, while server hardware and virtual machines provide the foundation for these hosting solutions. Technical support and customer service have become essential differentiators in the market, with businesses seeking reliable and responsive support to ensure the smooth operation of their online presence. The integration of various services, such as SSL certificates, website design, and security audits, has become essential for businesses to maintain a secure and effective online presence. The market is characterized by continuous evolution and dynamic market activities. Entities offering domain registration, PPC, web server, reseller hosting, shared hosting, website design, security audits, SSL certificates, social media marketing, control panel, and other related services are integrating their offerings to cater to the diverse needs of businesses.

The ongoing development of technologies like cloud hosting, managed hosting, web analytics, and website performance optimization continue to shape the market, providing businesses with flexible and cost-effective solutions to build and manage their online presence.

How is this Web Hosting Services Industry segmented?

The web hosting services industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Service

  Shared hosting
  Dedicated hosting
  VPS hosting
  Website builder


Deployment

  Public
  Private
  Hybrid


End-user

  Large enterprise
  SMEs


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada
    Mexico


  Europe

    Germany
    UK


  Middle East and Africa

    UAE


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Service Insights

The shared hosting segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

In the dynamic world of web hosting services, various solutions cater to diverse business needs. Shared hosting, which houses multiple websites on a single server, offers a standard framework with cost-effective benefits. It provides customized domain names, web statistics support, email services, website building tools, and access to programming languages like PHP, SQL,

Web Server Market Outlook

The global web server market size was valued at approximately USD 10 billion in 2023 and is anticipated to reach around USD 18 billion by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.5% during the forecast period. The growth of the web server market can be attributed to the increasing adoption of internet services and the rising demand for digital content across various industries. The expanding e-commerce sector and the increasing number of websites and applications are significant growth factors promoting the market.

One of the primary growth drivers of the web server market is the rapid advancement in digitalization across various industries. Businesses are increasingly migrating to online platforms to reach a broader audience, leading to a surge in the deployment of web servers. The increased utilization of web applications for various business operations, such as customer relationship management (CRM) and enterprise resource planning (ERP), also fuels the demand for robust web server solutions. Additionally, the growing trend of remote working and the need for seamless data accessibility are driving enterprises to invest in reliable web server infrastructures.

Moreover, the burgeoning e-commerce industry significantly contributes to the growth of the web server market. With the exponential rise in online shopping, e-commerce platforms require efficient web servers to handle high web traffic and ensure a smooth user experience. The increasing number of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) venturing into the e-commerce space further enhances the demand for scalable and cost-effective web server solutions. Furthermore, advancements in cloud computing technologies have provided an impetus for market growth, as cloud-based web servers offer increased flexibility, scalability, and cost savings.

Additionally, the growing importance of data security and privacy is prompting organizations to invest in secure web server solutions. With the rising number of cyber threats and data breaches, companies are prioritizing the deployment of web servers with robust security features to protect sensitive data. This trend is especially prevalent in sectors such as BFSI, healthcare, and government, where data security is of paramount importance. The incorporation of advanced technologies such as SSL certificates, firewalls, and encryption protocols in web server solutions is further driving market growth.

From a regional outlook, North America dominates the web server market due to the early adoption of advanced technologies and the presence of key market players. The region's strong technological infrastructure and the growing number of data centers supporting the demand for web servers contribute to its market leadership. Europe follows, driven by the increasing digital transformation initiatives across various industries. The Asia Pacific region is expected to register the highest growth rate during the forecast period, owing to the rapid economic development, increasing internet penetration, and the surge in e-commerce activities in countries like China and India.

Component Analysis

The web server market is segmented by components into software, hardware, and services. The software segment dominates the market, driven by the high demand for web server software that provides robust functionalities and seamless integration capabilities. Web server software such as Apache, Nginx, and Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) are widely adopted due to their reliability, scalability, and ease of use. The continuous updates and enhancements in web server software further bolster its market growth. Additionally, the increasing adoption of open-source web server software solutions is propelling the growth of this segment, as they offer cost-effective alternatives to proprietary software.

The hardware segment, although smaller compared to the software segment, plays a crucial role in the web server market. This segment includes physical servers, storage devices, and networking equipment essential for the deployment and operation of web servers. The demand for high-performance hardware is driven by the need for efficient data processing and storage capabilities. Enterprises are investing in advanced hardware solutions to support their growing digital infrastructure, ensuring faster data retrieval and reduced latency. Moreover, the integration of hardware with virtualization techno

The global servers hosting services market is experiencing robust growth, driven by the increasing adoption of cloud computing, the expanding digital transformation initiatives across various sectors, and the escalating demand for data storage and processing capabilities. The market, estimated at $150 billion in 2025, is projected to witness a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 12% from 2025 to 2033, reaching approximately $400 billion by 2033. Key growth drivers include the rising need for scalable and reliable infrastructure to support business operations, the proliferation of big data analytics, and the increasing adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) devices generating massive amounts of data. The managed services segment currently dominates the market, owing to its cost-effectiveness and ease of management. However, the professional services segment is expected to witness significant growth due to the rising demand for customized solutions and specialized expertise in areas like cybersecurity and data management. Industry segments like Healthcare, BFSI (Banking, Financial Services, and Insurance), and Automotive are key contributors to market growth, fueled by their increasing reliance on data-driven decision-making and digital infrastructure. Geographic regions like North America and Europe currently hold significant market share, driven by high technological adoption rates and robust digital economies. However, Asia Pacific is expected to emerge as a high-growth region, fueled by rapid digitalization in developing economies like India and China. Restraints to market growth include concerns over data security and privacy, the complexity of cloud infrastructure management, and the high initial investment costs associated with cloud adoption. Leading players like Accenture, IBM, Google Cloud, and Amazon Web Services are actively investing in research and development to enhance their offerings and maintain their competitive edge. The competitive landscape is characterized by a mix of established players and emerging startups, leading to intense competition based on pricing, service quality, and innovation. The market is seeing a trend towards hybrid cloud solutions, which combine the benefits of both public and private clouds, addressing concerns about data security and control. Furthermore, the increasing adoption of edge computing is creating new opportunities for servers hosting service providers to cater to the growing need for low-latency applications and data processing at the network edge. Future growth will be shaped by advancements in technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), which are driving demand for powerful and efficient server hosting solutions. The market is expected to see increased consolidation through mergers and acquisitions, as companies seek to expand their market reach and service offerings. The focus on sustainability and energy efficiency in data centers is also gaining traction, shaping the future direction of the industry.

Secure Internet servers (per 1 million people) in United States was reported at 196554 in 2024, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. United States - Secure Internet servers (per 1 million people) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

600 000 000 web traffic records normalized into MySQL tables using TokuDB storage, complete with original web server response codes. Suitable for browser data and trend analysis as well as AI training of exploit and bot detection algorithms. The data had been collected from multiple Apache 2.x web servers across 8000+ domain names with special care for GDPR compliance.

The number of secure internet servers in Venezuela increased by *** thousand servers (+**** percent) compared to the previous year. While the number of secure internet servers increased significantly in the first phase of the observed period, the increase slowed down in the last years. Find more statistics on other topics about Venezuela with key insights such as number of secure internet servers.

Please refer to the original data article for further data description: Jan Luxemburk et al. CESNET-QUIC22: A large one-month QUIC network traffic dataset from backbone lines, Data in Brief, 2023, 108888, ISSN 2352-3409, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2023.108888. We recommend using the CESNET DataZoo python library, which facilitates the work with large network traffic datasets. More information about the DataZoo project can be found in the GitHub repository https://github.com/CESNET/cesnet-datazoo. The QUIC (Quick UDP Internet Connection) protocol has the potential to replace TLS over TCP, which is the standard choice for reliable and secure Internet communication. Due to its design that makes the inspection of QUIC handshakes challenging and its usage in HTTP/3, there is an increasing demand for research in QUIC traffic analysis. This dataset contains one month of QUIC traffic collected in an ISP backbone network, which connects 500 large institutions and serves around half a million people. The data are delivered as enriched flows that can be useful for various network monitoring tasks. The provided server names and packet-level information allow research in the encrypted traffic classification area. Moreover, included QUIC versions and user agents (smartphone, web browser, and operating system identifiers) provide information for large-scale QUIC deployment studies. Data capture The data was captured in the flow monitoring infrastructure of the CESNET2 network. The capturing was done for four weeks between 31.10.2022 and 27.11.2022. The following list provides per-week flow count, capture period, and uncompressed size:

W-2022-44

Uncompressed Size: 19 GB Capture Period: 31.10.2022 - 6.11.2022 Number of flows: 32.6M W-2022-45

Uncompressed Size: 25 GB Capture Period: 7.11.2022 - 13.11.2022 Number of flows: 42.6M W-2022-46

Uncompressed Size: 20 GB Capture Period: 14.11.2022 - 20.11.2022 Number of flows: 33.7M W-2022-47

Uncompressed Size: 25 GB Capture Period: 21.11.2022 - 27.11.2022 Number of flows: 44.1M CESNET-QUIC22

Uncompressed Size: 89 GB Capture Period: 31.10.2022 - 27.11.2022 Number of flows: 153M

Data description The dataset consists of network flows describing encrypted QUIC communications. Flows were created using ipfixprobe flow exporter and are extended with packet metadata sequences, packet histograms, and with fields extracted from the QUIC Initial Packet, which is the first packet of the QUIC connection handshake. The extracted handshake fields are the Server Name Indication (SNI) domain, the used version of the QUIC protocol, and the user agent string that is available in a subset of QUIC communications. Packet Sequences Flows in the dataset are extended with sequences of packet sizes, directions, and inter-packet times. For the packet sizes, we consider payload size after transport headers (UDP headers for the QUIC case). Packet directions are encoded as ±1, +1 meaning a packet sent from client to server, and -1 a packet from server to client. Inter-packet times depend on the location of communicating hosts, their distance, and on the network conditions on the path. However, it is still possible to extract relevant information that correlates with user interactions and, for example, with the time required for an API/server/database to process the received data and generate the response to be sent in the next packet. Packet metadata sequences have a length of 30, which is the default setting of the used flow exporter. We also derive three fields from each packet sequence: its length, time duration, and the number of roundtrips. The roundtrips are counted as the number of changes in the communication direction (from packet directions data); in other words, each client request and server response pair counts as one roundtrip. Flow statistics Flows also include standard flow statistics, which represent aggregated information about the entire bidirectional flow. The fields are: the number of transmitted bytes and packets in both directions, the duration of flow, and packet histograms. Packet histograms include binned counts of packet sizes and inter-packet times of the entire flow in both directions (more information in the PHISTS plugin documentation There are eight bins with a logarithmic scale; the intervals are 0-15, 16-31, 32-63, 64-127, 128-255, 256-511, 512-1024, >1024 [ms or B]. The units are milliseconds for inter-packet times and bytes for packet sizes. Moreover, each flow has its end reason - either it was idle, reached the active timeout, or ended due to other reasons. This corresponds with the official IANA IPFIX-specified values. The FLOW_ENDREASON_OTHER field represents the forced end and lack of resources reasons. The end of flow detected reason is not considered because it is not relevant for UDP connections. Dataset structure The dataset flows are delivered in compressed CSV files. CSV files contain one flow per row; data columns are summarized in the provided list below. For each flow data file, there is a JSON file with the number of saved and seen (before sampling) flows per service and total counts of all received (observed on the CESNET2 network), service (belonging to one of the dataset's services), and saved (provided in the dataset) flows. There is also the stats-week.json file aggregating flow counts of a whole week and the stats-dataset.json file aggregating flow counts for the entire dataset. Flow counts before sampling can be used to compute sampling ratios of individual services and to resample the dataset back to the original service distribution. Moreover, various dataset statistics, such as feature distributions and value counts of QUIC versions and user agents, are provided in the dataset-statistics folder. The mapping between services and service providers is provided in the servicemap.csv file, which also includes SNI domains used for ground truth labeling. The following list describes flow data fields in CSV files:

ID: Unique identifier SRC_IP: Source IP address DST_IP: Destination IP address DST_ASN: Destination Autonomous System number SRC_PORT: Source port DST_PORT: Destination port PROTOCOL: Transport protocol QUIC_VERSION QUIC: protocol version QUIC_SNI: Server Name Indication domain QUIC_USER_AGENT: User agent string, if available in the QUIC Initial Packet TIME_FIRST: Timestamp of the first packet in format YYYY-MM-DDTHH-MM-SS.ffffff TIME_LAST: Timestamp of the last packet in format YYYY-MM-DDTHH-MM-SS.ffffff DURATION: Duration of the flow in seconds BYTES: Number of transmitted bytes from client to server BYTES_REV: Number of transmitted bytes from server to client PACKETS: Number of packets transmitted from client to server PACKETS_REV: Number of packets transmitted from server to client PPI: Packet metadata sequence in the format: [[inter-packet times], [packet directions], [packet sizes]] PPI_LEN: Number of packets in the PPI sequence PPI_DURATION: Duration of the PPI sequence in seconds PPI_ROUNDTRIPS: Number of roundtrips in the PPI sequence PHIST_SRC_SIZES: Histogram of packet sizes from client to server PHIST_DST_SIZES: Histogram of packet sizes from server to client PHIST_SRC_IPT: Histogram of inter-packet times from client to server PHIST_DST_IPT: Histogram of inter-packet times from server to client APP: Web service label CATEGORY: Service category FLOW_ENDREASON_IDLE: Flow was terminated because it was idle FLOW_ENDREASON_ACTIVE: Flow was terminated because it reached the active timeout FLOW_ENDREASON_OTHER: Flow was terminated for other reasons

Link to other CESNET datasets

https://www.liberouter.org/technology-v2/tools-services-datasets/datasets/ https://github.com/CESNET/cesnet-datazoo Please cite the original data article:

@article{CESNETQUIC22, author = {Jan Luxemburk and Karel Hynek and Tomáš Čejka and Andrej Lukačovič and Pavel Šiška}, title = {CESNET-QUIC22: a large one-month QUIC network traffic dataset from backbone lines}, journal = {Data in Brief}, pages = {108888}, year = {2023}, issn = {2352-3409}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2023.108888}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352340923000069} }

Graph and download economic data for Secure Internet Servers for Turkey (ITNETSECRP6TUR) from 2010 to 2024 about servers, internet, and Turkey.