As of March 2025, the SSE Composite Index had closed at 3,335.75 points. The index reflects the performance of all stocks traded on the Shanghai Stock Exchange, including both boards, the main board, and the Star market. SSE still number one In the greater Chinese region, the stock exchange in Shanghai was the largest, beating the bourses in Shenzhen, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. In 2023, the Shanghai Stock Exchange recorded a market capitalization of over 6.5 trillion. Not only market capitalization was a unique attribute, but the Shanghai Stock Exchange was also home to the most valuable stock in mainland China, which was the baijiu producer Moutai Kweichow. Limited access Despite its size, the exchange in Shanghai only grants limited access to overseas investors. The bourse listed A-shares and B-shares. While A-shares are denominated in yuan and almost exclusively available for domestic traders, the prices of B-shares are in U.S. dollars and available for overseas investors as well. In addition, the bourse offers access to foreign investors through a trading accreditation which is supervised by the Chinese authorities. However, these tight controls are the reason why Hong Kong, despite its lower relative market capitalization, remains an important gateway to capital for mainland Chinese companies.

Stock market return (%, year-on-year) in China was reported at 13.47 % in 2021, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. China - Stock market return (%, year-on-year) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on March of 2025.

CN: Stock: Deliverable: Shanghai Futures Exchange: Woodpulp data was reported at 320,649.000 Ton in 09 May 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 311,311.000 Ton for 30 Apr 2025. CN: Stock: Deliverable: Shanghai Futures Exchange: Woodpulp data is updated daily, averaging 273,703.000 Ton from Nov 2018 (Median) to 09 May 2025, with 319 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 536,854.000 Ton in 22 Apr 2022 and a record low of 0.000 Ton in 29 Mar 2019. CN: Stock: Deliverable: Shanghai Futures Exchange: Woodpulp data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Shanghai Futures Exchange. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZB: Shanghai Futures Exchange: Commodity Futures: Stock.

CN: Stock: Deliverable: Shanghai Futures Exchange: Petroleum Bitumen data was reported at 55,584.000 Ton in 21 Mar 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 62,554.000 Ton for 14 Mar 2025. CN: Stock: Deliverable: Shanghai Futures Exchange: Petroleum Bitumen data is updated daily, averaging 79,855.000 Ton from Dec 2014 (Median) to 21 Mar 2025, with 509 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 235,582.000 Ton in 25 Nov 2016 and a record low of 24,970.000 Ton in 06 Mar 2015. CN: Stock: Deliverable: Shanghai Futures Exchange: Petroleum Bitumen data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Shanghai Futures Exchange. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZB: Shanghai Futures Exchange: Commodity Futures: Stock.

In 2023, the market capitalization of the Shanghai Stock Exchange amounted to over 6.5 trillion U.S. dollars. It was the largest bourse based on market capitalization in the Greater China region. In 2023, the market capitalization of the Shanghai Stock Exchange which trades in B shares amounted to 11.5 billion U.S. dollars. B-shares can only be traded by foreign investors, while A shares may only be traded by Chinese citizens.

Key information about China P/E ratio

• China Shanghai Stock Exchange recorded a daily P/E ratio of 14.340 on 27 Mar 2025, compared with 14.330 from the previous day.
• China Shanghai Stock Exchange P/E ratio is updated daily, with historical data available from Apr 2001 to Mar 2025.
• The P/E ratio reached an all-time high of 27.970 in Apr 2010 and a record low of 9.590 in May 2014.
• Shanghai Stock Exchange provides daily P/E Ratio.

In 2024, the total market capitalization of China’s stock market totaled 85 trillion yuan. The highest annual turnover in the country’s history, 91.6 trillion yuan, was registered in 2021. In the same year, the trade revenue reached 255 trillion yuan. The development of domestic financial markets was a key objective of the Chinese government. Stock markets in mainland China Mainland China has two major stock exchanges. One is the Shanghai Stock Exchange that consists of the Main-Board Market and the Star Market. The companies listed on the Main-Board were mature and established in their industries, whereas the Star Market targets innovative startups. The other big stock exchange was the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. It was separated into three boards, the Main-Board, the SME-Board, and ChiNext Market. Facilitating innovation One crucial aspect of the financial market development strategy in China was the fostering of innovation. The country had the problem that upcoming, domestic tech-companies preferred to list on stock markets overseas. Therefore, both major bourses established boards that had more lenient listing requirements. For instance, it would allow startups that had not yet turned a profit to gain access to the financial market. These boards were the ChiNext board in Shenzhen and the Star Market in Shanghai.

At the end of December 2024, the Shenzhen Component Index value was 10,414.61, an increase of about 1,000 index points from December 2023. The data clearly shows how the value of the index increased before the stock market crash of 2015 and the following sell-off in the following year. In addition to that, the low year-end index value of 2018 was the result of the worst trading year of the decade on Chinese stock exchanges. Together, stocks on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges lost around 24 percent in that year.

Shanghai Stock Exchange: Index: Corporate Governance Index data was reported at 1,099.370 NA in Apr 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1,115.090 NA for Mar 2025. Shanghai Stock Exchange: Index: Corporate Governance Index data is updated monthly, averaging 1,032.810 NA from Dec 2014 (Median) to Apr 2025, with 125 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,425.450 NA in May 2015 and a record low of 816.400 NA in Feb 2016. Shanghai Stock Exchange: Index: Corporate Governance Index data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Exchange Data International Limited. The data is categorized under Global Database’s China – Table CN.EDI.SE: Shanghai Stock Exchange: Monthly.

China Settlement Price: Shanghai Future Exchange: Aluminum: 1st M data was reported at 20,635.000 RMB/Ton in Feb 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 20,065.000 RMB/Ton for Jan 2025. China Settlement Price: Shanghai Future Exchange: Aluminum: 1st M data is updated monthly, averaging 15,380.000 RMB/Ton from Aug 1999 (Median) to Feb 2025, with 306 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 23,665.000 RMB/Ton in Oct 2021 and a record low of 10,240.000 RMB/Ton in Nov 2015. China Settlement Price: Shanghai Future Exchange: Aluminum: 1st M data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Shanghai Futures Exchange. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZB: Shanghai Futures Exchange: Commodity Futures: Settlement Price.

China PE Ratio: Shanghai SE: Information and Technology data was reported at 36.850 NA in Feb 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 33.190 NA for Jan 2025. China PE Ratio: Shanghai SE: Information and Technology data is updated monthly, averaging 42.287 NA from Apr 2001 (Median) to Feb 2025, with 286 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 110.338 NA in May 2015 and a record low of 13.270 NA in Aug 2009. China PE Ratio: Shanghai SE: Information and Technology data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Shanghai Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZA: Shanghai Stock Exchange: PE Ratio.

In 2021, the average price of residential housing sold in Shanghai, the most important economic hub of China, surpassed 37,400 yuan per square meter, making the city one of the least affordable cities in the country. The housing market boom Since the housing reform in the 1990s, the prices of homes in Shanghai have increased almost every year, thanks to the growth of the city’s population and, thus, the high demands in the housing market. The high property prices gradually became out of reach for most residents, who earn an annual per capita income of only 172,000 yuan. Residential properties in the city center were especially unaffordable, as newly built homes located within Shanghai's inner ring road had an average price of 123,590 yuan in 2021, three times more expensive than their counterparts outside the outer ring road. Risks and interventions The high price not only made living in the city expensive for its residents, but also posed a grave risk to China’s financial system. In the first 20 years of this century, the total value of personal housing mortgage loans in Shanghai increased by more than 20 times, and defaults of any moderate scale can be consequential. Therefore, both the central and the municipal authorities had been attempting to curb the continuous rise of property costs in Shanghai, through the increase in the supply of housing stocks and policies limiting speculations in the market. However, most measures were not as effective as anticipated.

China Warehouse Stock: Shanghai Future Exchange: Steel Rebar data was reported at 83,884.000 Ton in 28 Feb 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 85,384.000 Ton for 27 Feb 2025. China Warehouse Stock: Shanghai Future Exchange: Steel Rebar data is updated daily, averaging 18,645.000 Ton from Jul 2009 (Median) to 28 Feb 2025, with 3803 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 210,111.000 Ton in 13 Sep 2024 and a record low of 0.000 Ton in 20 Jun 2023. China Warehouse Stock: Shanghai Future Exchange: Steel Rebar data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Shanghai Futures Exchange. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZB: Shanghai Futures Exchange: Commodity Futures: Stock.

China Market Cap: Shanghai SE: Tradable: Stock: A Share data was reported at 44,620.230 RMB bn in 21 Mar 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 45,129.546 RMB bn for 20 Mar 2025. China Market Cap: Shanghai SE: Tradable: Stock: A Share data is updated daily, averaging 25,794.147 RMB bn from Oct 1998 (Median) to 21 Mar 2025, with 6403 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 45,783.301 RMB bn in 08 Oct 2024 and a record low of 9,234.892 RMB bn in 05 Jul 2010. China Market Cap: Shanghai SE: Tradable: Stock: A Share data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Shanghai Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under High Frequency Database’s Financial and Futures Market – Table CN.ZA: Shanghai Stock Exchange: Market Capitalization: Daily.

China Options: Shanghai Stock Exchange: 50ETF: Turnover Volume: Call data was reported at 461.629 Contract th in 05 Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 405.892 Contract th for 04 Mar 2025. China Options: Shanghai Stock Exchange: 50ETF: Turnover Volume: Call data is updated daily, averaging 790.797 Contract th from Feb 2015 (Median) to 05 Mar 2025, with 2444 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3,833.208 Contract th in 20 Jun 2019 and a record low of 5.656 Contract th in 16 Feb 2015. China Options: Shanghai Stock Exchange: 50ETF: Turnover Volume: Call data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Shanghai Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZI: Shanghai Stock Exchange: Options: Turnover: Daily.

In 2023, the average price of real estate in China was approximately 10,438 yuan per square meter, representing a decrease from the previous year. Rising prices in the real estate market Since the 1998 housing reform, property prices in China have been rising continuously. Housing in the country is now often unaffordable, especially considering the modest per capita income of Chinese households. Shanghai and Beijing even have some of the most competitive real estate markets in the world. The rapid growth in housing prices has increased wealth among homeowners, while it also led to a culture of speculation among buyers and real estate developers. Housing was treated as investments, with owners expecting the prices to grow further every year. Risk factors The expectation of a steadily growing real estate market has created a property bubble and a potential debt crisis. As Chinese real estate giants, such as China Evergrande and Country Garden, operate by continuously acquiring land plots and initiating new projects, which often require substantial loans and investments, a slowdown in property demands or a decline in home prices can significantly affect the financial situation of these companies, putting China’s banks in a vulnerable position. In addition, due to a lack of regulations and monetary constraints, the long-term maintenance issues of high-rise apartments are also a concern to the sustainable development of China’s cities.

At 8.07 U.S. dollars, Switzerland has the most expensive Big Macs in the world, according to the July 2024 Big Mac index. Concurrently, the cost of a Big Mac was 5.69 dollars in the U.S., and 6.06 U.S. dollars in the Euro area. What is the Big Mac index? The Big Mac index, published by The Economist, is a novel way of measuring whether the market exchange rates for different countries’ currencies are overvalued or undervalued. It does this by measuring each currency against a common standard – the Big Mac hamburger sold by McDonald’s restaurants all over the world. Twice a year the Economist converts the average national price of a Big Mac into U.S. dollars using the exchange rate at that point in time. As a Big Mac is a completely standardized product across the world, the argument goes that it should have the same relative cost in every country. Differences in the cost of a Big Mac expressed as U.S. dollars therefore reflect differences in the purchasing power of each currency. Is the Big Mac index a good measure of purchasing power parity? Purchasing power parity (PPP) is the idea that items should cost the same in different countries, based on the exchange rate at that time. This relationship does not hold in practice. Factors like tax rates, wage regulations, whether components need to be imported, and the level of market competition all contribute to price variations between countries. The Big Mac index does measure this basic point – that one U.S. dollar can buy more in some countries than others. There are more accurate ways to measure differences in PPP though, which convert a larger range of products into their dollar price. Adjusting for PPP can have a massive effect on how we understand a country’s economy. The country with the largest GDP adjusted for PPP is China, but when looking at the unadjusted GDP of different countries, the U.S. has the largest economy.

China Market Capitalization: Shanghai SE: Fund: LOF data was reported at 8.689 RMB bn in 25 Mar 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 8.732 RMB bn for 24 Mar 2025. China Market Capitalization: Shanghai SE: Fund: LOF data is updated daily, averaging 9.851 RMB bn from Sep 2022 (Median) to 25 Mar 2025, with 616 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 14.945 RMB bn in 07 Sep 2022 and a record low of 7.581 RMB bn in 09 Sep 2024. China Market Capitalization: Shanghai SE: Fund: LOF data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Shanghai Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZA: Shanghai Stock Exchange: Market Capitalization: Daily.

China Market Capitalization: Shanghai SE: Corporate Bond data was reported at 16,883,652.000 RMB mn in Mar 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 17,049,597.000 RMB mn for Feb 2025. China Market Capitalization: Shanghai SE: Corporate Bond data is updated monthly, averaging 3,763,226.000 RMB mn from Jan 2009 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 159 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 17,177,615.000 RMB mn in Mar 2024 and a record low of 243,612.000 RMB mn in Jan 2009. China Market Capitalization: Shanghai SE: Corporate Bond data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Shanghai Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZA: Shanghai Stock Exchange: Market Capitalization.

China Market Cap: Shanghai SE: Tradable: Real Estate data was reported at 593,034.000 RMB mn in Mar 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 593,034.000 RMB mn for Feb 2025. China Market Cap: Shanghai SE: Tradable: Real Estate data is updated monthly, averaging 456,607.000 RMB mn from Apr 2001 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 287 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,244,953.000 RMB mn in May 2015 and a record low of 16,311.506 RMB mn in Jul 2005. China Market Cap: Shanghai SE: Tradable: Real Estate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Shanghai Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZA: Shanghai Stock Exchange: Market Capitalization.