Data on clinically extremely vulnerable people in England during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic from the Shielding Behavioural Survey. Includes information on their behaviours and well-being since receiving shielding guidance.

This is a release of management information for anonymous summary data for those patients that have been identified on the Shielded Patient List (SPL). Its purpose is to make the summary data available to a wider audience, as open data, to enable a broad base of users to perform analysis from it. The purpose behind releasing this data is to present regional and local data to allow for its use in public health. It will also allow for greater analysis, modelling and planning to be performed using the latest data, to aid in the response to the pandemic. We will update this weekly and we would welcome your feedback to help us develop our open data sets. The data that is published is based on version 74 of the SPL clinical methodology, with the data extracted as at 21 September 2021.

Shielding is one of the government interventions aimed at reducing mortality from COVID-19. Those considered at highest clinical risk of mortality and severe morbidity from COVID-19 (defined as Clinically Extremely Vulnerable) were identified to be on the Shielded Patient List (SPL). These individuals were asked to stay at home and avoid face-to-face contact for a period of at least 12 weeks during the peak of the pandemic in the UK. This publication considers data relating to emergency admissions, mortality and positive COVID-19 tests for a subset of patients on the English SPL compared with an age-matched sample of the general population. The open data file includes the underlying counts and rates to allow for analysis, modelling and planning to take place to aid the response to the coronavirus pandemic.

The Chief Medical Officer (CMO) for England, working with the CMOs of the devolved nations and other senior clinicians, commissioned NHS Digital to produce a list of people at “high risk” of complications from COVID-19, who should be shielded for at least 12 weeks. The CMO for Wales commissioned a collaboration of national bodies in Wales (NWIS, DU, NWSSP, PHW) to identify “high risk” people for the Welsh population, based largely on the NHS Digital methodology. This list is referred to as the Shielded Patient List (SPL).

The “high risk” list was defined as a subset of a wider group of people who may be “at risk”. Specific advice applies to these groups, currently this advice is: • “At Risk” – large group normally at risk from the flu - should practice strict social distancing • “At high risk” – a smaller sub-group (circa 70k), defined by CMO – should practice complete social “shielding” NHS Digital have described the methodology that has been used to identify patients who meet the high risk criteria due to their inclusion in one or more of the disease groups.

As there are differences in some of the systems used across the devolved nations, nuanced differences in application and interpretation of CMO guidance, this document describes the Welsh methodology.

https://nwis.nhs.wales/coronavirus/coronavirus-content/coronavirus-documents/covid-19-high-risk-shielded-patient-list-identification-methodology/

Dataset received it's final update in March 2022

The global radiation shielding material market size is projected to grow from USD 1.70 billion in 2025 to USD 2.84 billion by 2033, exhibiting a CAGR of 6.6%.
Report Scope:

Radiation Shielding Window market has been steadily increasing over recent years, and forecasts suggest a substantial growth trajectory in the upcoming period.

Radiation Shielding Textile market has been steadily increasing over recent years, and forecasts suggest a substantial growth trajectory in the upcoming period.

Shielding materials tests

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Heat Shield Market Size 2024-2028

The heat shield market size is forecast to increase by USD 2.6 billion at a CAGR of 3.3% between 2023 and 2028.

The market is driven by the increasing focus on vehicle safety and thermal management. With the rise of electric vehicles (EVs), there is a growing demand for effective thermal protection to ensure optimal battery performance and improve fuel economy. Moreover, stringent emissions regulations necessitate the use of advanced materials such as carbon fiber composites and lightweight metals for heat shield manufacturing. The aerospace and defense sectors also contribute significantly to the market growth due to their requirement for high-performance thermal management solutions. However, the sharp decline in automobile production and sales in the wake of the global economic downturn poses a challenge to market expansion.

What will be the Size of the Market During the Forecast Period?

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The market is a significant sector within the broader automotive industry, focusing on thermal management solutions for various vehicle applications. These shields play a crucial role in ensuring vehicle safety and optimizing fuel economy by reducing heat transfer between components. In the context of the evolving automotive landscape, the increasing emphasis on vehicle safety, thermal management, and emissions reduction has led to growing demand for advanced heat shields. This trend is particularly relevant to electric vehicles (EVs) and fuel-efficient vehicles, as thermal management is essential for their optimal performance and extended range. Thermal management is a critical aspect of both conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles and electric vehicles. In ICE vehicles, heat shields protect components such as catalytic converters and exhaust manifolds from excessive heat, improving engine performance and reducing CO2 emissions. 



Additionally, the emissions regulations continue to be a significant factor influencing the heat shield market. Stringent regulations, such as those set by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the California Air Resources Board (CARB), necessitate the use of advanced thermal management solutions to minimize vehicle emissions. Heat shields play a crucial role in this regard by reducing heat transfer and optimizing engine efficiency. In conclusion, the heat shield market is a vital component of the automotive industry, with applications spanning passenger cars, light commercial vehicles, and electric vehicles. The focus on vehicle safety, thermal management, and emissions reduction, coupled with the development of advanced materials and technologies, is driving growth in this market. As the automotive industry continues to evolve, heat shields will remain an essential element in ensuring vehicle performance, fuel efficiency, and environmental sustainability.

How is this market segmented and which is the largest segment?

The market research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments.

Product

  Metallic
  Non-metallic


Geography

  APAC

    China
    India


  North America

    US


  Europe

    Germany
    UK


  South America



  Middle East and Africa

By Product Insights

The metallic segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The market encompasses various segments, with metallic heat shields holding a substantial share due to their extensive usage in industries requiring superior thermal resistance and durability. Metallic heat shields, commonly fabricated from metals such as aluminum, stainless steel, and titanium, are extensively employed in the automotive, aerospace, and industrial sectors. These materials' capacity to endure extreme temperatures and resist corrosion makes them an optimal choice for applications where other materials may deteriorate. In the automotive industry, metallic heat shields play a pivotal role in safeguarding vital components, including engines, exhaust systems, and turbochargers, from excessive heat. This thermal protection is crucial for ensuring vehicle safety and enhancing overall vehicle lifespan.

Furthermore, high-performance vehicles and electric vehicles (EVs) specifically require metallic heat shields to manage heightened heat loads and optimize battery efficiency. Automotive heat shields contribute significantly to vehicle safety and thermal management. As emissions regulations become increasingly stringent, the demand for fuel economy and reduced vehicle emissions has led to a growing interest in the use of lightweight materials, such as carbon fiber composites and lightweight metals, in heat shield production. These advanced materials offer improved thermal insu

AE9_diff_omni_spec_L.txt describes the 99 percentile equatorial omnidirectional differential flux from the AE9 model at different orbits.

equatorial_extreme_flux_n=2.txt describes what the equatorial flux would be at different L shells, using the data from (Meredith, 2023), during a 1 in 10, 1 in 50, and 1 in 100-year event.

currents_vs_L.txt describes what the charging current at equilibrium of a coaxial cable would be, at different L shells (on the equatorial plane) during a 1 in 100-year event.

All the other files describe what the maximum value of electric field within the dielectric layer of a coaxial cable would be, at different L shells (on the equatorial plane) during a 1 in 100-year event. However, they differ in whether the worst-case estimate from LANL GEO satellites were also included, and differ in the value of kp (which controls the impact of radiation induced conductivity) used for the model simulation. Both variables are described within the filenames.

Funding:

Supported in part by Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) grants NE/V00249X/1 (Sat-Risk), NE/X000389/1, NE/R016038/1, and NE/Y006178/1 (PRESCIENT).

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Face Shield Market Size 2024-2028

The face shield market size is forecast to increase by USD 1.17 billion, at a CAGR of 9.84% between 2023 and 2028.

The market is experiencing significant growth due to the increasing occurrence of contagious and infectious diseases, which has led to a heightened demand for protective equipment. This trend is further fueled by the growing preference for face shields offering enhanced functionality and features, such as improved ventilation and wider fields of vision. However, the market faces a notable challenge in the form of a persistent shortage of face shields, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. This shortage has necessitated innovative solutions, including mass production and collaborative efforts between various industries to meet the surging demand.
Companies seeking to capitalize on this market's potential must focus on delivering high-quality, feature-rich face shields while addressing the ongoing supply chain challenges. Adaptability and agility will be key to navigating this dynamic market landscape and maintaining a competitive edge.

What will be the Size of the Face Shield Market during the forecast period?

Explore in-depth regional segment analysis with market size data - historical 2018-2022 and forecasts 2024-2028 - in the full report.
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The market continues to evolve, driven by the increasing demand for effective personal protective equipment (PPE) solutions across various sectors. This dynamic market is characterized by continuous innovation, with key players focusing on enhancing the performance of their products through advanced technologies and materials. For instance, the adoption of anti-fog coating technology has significantly improved the user experience in humid environments. The impact resistance rating and visor material density are crucial factors in ensuring the durability and safety of face shields. Regulatory compliance testing, disinfectant resistance, and material biocompatibility are essential considerations to meet the stringent requirements of different industries.

One example of market activity is the development of face shields with a reuse cycle lifespan of up to 100 uses, reducing the need for frequent replacement and contributing to cost savings. The industry is expected to grow at a robust rate, with estimates suggesting a growth of over 20% in the next five years. Manufacturing processes, such as injection molding techniques and supply chain management, play a significant role in ensuring efficient production and timely delivery. The importance of user fit evaluation, comfort factors analysis, and design safety standards cannot be overstated in the development of effective face shields.

Moreover, the integration of UV protection factor, particle filtration efficiency, and ventilation system design caters to the diverse needs of various applications. The market also prioritizes cost-effectiveness analysis, chemical resistance properties, and PPE certification to cater to the budget-conscious consumer and regulatory demands. The market's ongoing evolution is marked by a focus on enhancing protective layer thickness, recycling feasibility, sterilization compatibility, and user-friendly features like head strap adjustability and scratch resistance level. The development of face shields with optimal face seal ergonomics, durability assessment methods, and weight distribution balance further underscores the industry's commitment to innovation and meeting the evolving needs of consumers.

How is this Face Shield Industry segmented?

The face shield industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments.

End-user

  Healthcare
  Industrial manufacturing
  Construction
  Others


Type

  Full-face shield
  Half-face shield


Geography

  North America

    US


  Europe

    Germany
    UK


  APAC

    China
    Japan


  Rest of World (ROW)

By End-user Insights

The healthcare segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The market experiences significant growth in the healthcare sector due to stringent regulations and increasing healthcare expenditures. Regulations, such as those in the healthcare industry, pose challenges for new entrants but also ensure basic healthcare coverage and financial assistance for medical expenses. The US Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) of 2010 is an example of such regulations, driving up healthcare spending and subsequently increasing demand for medical procedures. Face shields are essential personal protective equipment (PPE) in various industries, including healthcare, manufacturing, and construction. Their demand is influenced by factors such as impact resista

Supplementary information files for article Visualisation of Chemical Shielding Tensors (VIST) to Elucidate Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity

Aromaticity is a central concept in chemistry, pervading areas from biochemistry to materials science. Recently, chemists also started to exploit intricate phenomena such as the interplay of local and global (anti)aromaticity or aromaticity in non-planar systems and three dimensions. These phenomena pose new challenges in terms of our fundamental understanding and the practical visualisation of aromaticity. To overcome these challenges, a method for the visualisation of chemical shielding tensors (VIST) is developed here that allows for a 3D visualisation with quantitative information about the local variations and anisotropy of the chemical shielding. After exemplifying the method in different planar hydrocarbons, we study two non-planar macrocycles to show the unique benefits of the VIST method for molecules with competing π-conjugated systems and conclude with a norcorrole dimer showing clear evidence of through-space aromaticity. We believe that the VIST method will be a highly valuable addition to the computational toolbox.

Data from simulations examining the effect of cosmic rays and secondary particles generated by them on background induced in an X-ray astronomy space telescope, and the effectiveness of a surrounding magnetic field at reducing this background.

These simulations were performed for the paper “Effectiveness of a dual solenoid magnetic shield at reducing X-ray-like background in silicon-based X-ray detectors” (2023) published in the Journal of Astronomical Telescopes Instruments and Systems. The paper can also be found at https://openresearch.surrey.ac.uk/esploro/outputs/journalArticle/The-Effectiveness-of-a-Dual-Solenoid/99777566602346/filesAndLinks?forceView=true&mode=quickaccess&index=0 .

This data was also used for the simulations and analysis described in the thesis "The Simulation, Composition and Shielding of Radiation-Induced X-ray-like Background in Space-Based X-ray Astronomy Missions" (2021), which can be found at https://doi.org/10.21954/ou.ro.00012e1f .

Unequal impact of COVID-19: BAME disproportionality Camden Demographics of Shielded Population by location age ethnicity deprivation gender GPs and reason for shielding.

Shielding for gamma-sensitive detectors-a pilot study.

Metabolites are central to cellular homeostasis. Whereas much emphasis has been placed on their relevance to meet energetic and biosynthetic demands, metabolic intermediates also function as signaling molecules. Here we show that polyamines, small polycations that are essential for cell biology, regulate the process of alternative pre-mRNA splicing. We find that the inhibition of polyamine synthesis increases the phosphorylation of spliceosomal proteins, concomitant with remarkable perturbation of alternative splicing in cells and tissues. Mechanistically, molecular modeling together with biochemical assays revealed that polyamines bind to acidic phosphorylatable motifs in splicing factors of the U2 snRNP SF3 subcomplex, thus preventing the action of kinases. The molecular process through which polyamines regulate protein phosphorylation is a phenomenon that we define as “metabolic shielding”.

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