Urban expansion has been rapidly increasing and is projected to be tripled in 2030 in worldwide. The impact of urbanization has adverse effects on the environment and economic development. Residential lands consist of almost one-third of the urban area and heavily affect the city’s inhabitants. The capital of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, has been significantly expanded, particularly in the urban periphery where poor living conditions and a lack of essential urban services were identified. The paper aims to conduct a suitability analysis of residential areas in Ulaanbaatar city based on three main categories (livability, affordability, and accessibility) of fifteen criteria using the fuzzy logic. Through the study, we have identified some potential suitable residential areas for further development, such as apartment residential area located in the southern part of the city and four low-rise ger areas were distributed along major transport corridors. Moreover, the results indicated that the spatial structure of the whole town might be in transition to a polycentric pattern. However, a concentric ring pattern in the ‘city’s periphery displayed a concerning uncontrolled ger area expansion, which may increase low living conditions in the area. This study recommends better urban sprawl control policies and more property market investment in the ger area to ensure sustainable development goals in Ulaanbaatar.

The downloadable ZIP file contains model documentation and contact information for the model creator. For more information, or a copy of the project report which provides greater model detail, please contact Ryan Urie - traigo12@gmail.com.This model was created from February through April 2010 as a central component of the developer's master's project in Bioregional Planning and Community Design at the University of Idaho to provide a tool for identifying appropriate locations for various land uses based on a variety of user-defined social, economic, ecological, and other criteria. It was developed using the Land-Use Conflict Identification Strategy developed by Carr and Zwick (2007). The purpose of this model is to allow users to identify suitable locations within a user-defined extent for any land use based on any number of social, economic, ecological, or other criteria the user chooses. The model as it is currently composed was designed to identify highly suitable locations for new residential, commercial, and industrial development in Kootenai County, Idaho using criteria, evaluations, and weightings chosen by the model's developer. After criteria were chosen, one or more data layers were gathered for each criterion from public sources. These layers were processed to result in a 60m-resolution raster showing the suitability of each criterion across the county. These criteria were ultimately combined with a weighting sum to result in an overall development suitability raster. The model is intended to serve only as an example of how a GIS-based land-use suitability analysis can be conceptualized and implemented using ArcGIS ModelBuilder, and under no circumstances should the model's outputs be applied to real-world decisions or activities. The model was designed to be extremely flexible so that later users may determine their own land-use suitability, suitability criteria, evaluation rationale, and criteria weights. As this was the first project of its kind completed by the model developer, no guarantees are made as to the quality of the model or the absence of errorsThis model has a hierarchical structure in which some forty individual land-use suitability criteria are combined by weighted summation into several land-use goals which are again combined by weighted summation to yield a final land-use suitability layer. As such, any inconsistencies or errors anywhere in the model tend to reveal themselves in the final output and the model is in a sense self-testing. For example, each individual criterion is presented as a raster with values from 1-9 in a defined spatial extent. Inconsistencies at any point in the model will reveal themselves in the final output in the form of an extent different from that desired, missing values, or values outside the 1-9 range.This model was created using the ArcGIS ModelBuilder function of ArcGIS 9.3. It was based heavily on the recommendations found in the text "Smart land-use analysis: the LUCIS model." The goal of the model is to determine the suitability of a chosen land-use at each point across a chosen area using the raster data format. In this case, the suitability for Development was evaluated across the area of Kootenai County, Idaho, though this is primarily for illustrative purposes. The basic process captured by the model is as follows: 1. Choose a land use suitability goal. 2. Select the goals and criteria that define this goal and get spatial data for each. 3. Use the gathered data to evaluate the quality of each criterion across the landscape, resulting in a raster with values from 1-9. 4. Apply weights to each criterion to indicate its relative contribution to the suitability goal. 5. Combine the weighted criteria to calculate and display the suitability of this land use at each point across the landscape. An individual model was first built for each of some forty individual criteria. Once these functioned successfully, individual criteria were combined with a weighted summation to yield one of three land-use goals (in this case, Residential, Commercial, or Industrial). A final model was then constructed to combined these three goals into a final suitability output. In addition, two conditional elements were placed on this final output (one to give already-developed areas a very high suitability score for development [a "9"] and a second to give permanently conserved areas and other undevelopable lands a very low suitability score for development [a "1"]). Because this model was meant to serve primarily as an illustration of how to do land-use suitability analysis, the criteria, evaluation rationales, and weightings were chosen by the modeler for expediency; however, a land-use analysis meant to guide real-world actions and decisions would need to rely far more heavily on a variety of scientific and stakeholder input.

Urban expansion has been rapidly increasing and is projected to be tripled in 2030 in worldwide. The impact of urbanization has adverse effects on the environment and economic development. Residential lands consist of almost one-third of the urban area and heavily affect the city’s inhabitants. The capital of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, has been significantly expanded, particularly in the urban periphery where poor living conditions and a lack of essential urban services were identified. The paper aims to conduct a suitability analysis of residential areas in Ulaanbaatar city based on three main categories (livability, affordability, and accessibility) of fifteen criteria using the fuzzy logic. Through the study, we have identified some potential suitable residential areas for further development, such as apartment residential area located in the southern part of the city and four low-rise ger areas were distributed along major transport corridors. Moreover, the results indicated that the spatial structure of the whole town might be in transition to a polycentric pattern. However, a concentric ring pattern in the ‘city’s periphery displayed a concerning uncontrolled ger area expansion, which may increase low living conditions in the area. This study recommends better urban sprawl control policies and more property market investment in the ger area to ensure sustainable development goals in Ulaanbaatar.

The Government requests all Local Planning Authorities to keep an up to date Strategic Housing Land Availability Assessment (SHLAA) - the preparation of a SHLAA is a requirement under the National Planning Policy Framework. The SHLAA is a technical study which assesses potential housing sites in the City. It is prepared in collaboration with agents, developers, landowners and promoters of sites and establishes the availability and achievability of such sites. This then determines whether there is a deliverable supply of land for five years’ worth of housing; this is known as the five year housing land supply. It is designed to ensure Local Authorities maintain a flexible and responsive supply of housing land as required by Planning Policy Statement 3: Housing (PPS3). However, it is not the purpose of the SHLAA to allocate land for development and it is important to note that the SHLAA does not determine whether housing will be built on any particular site - this is undertaken through the preparation of the Local Plan. Although the SHLAA assesses whether housing might be a suitable use, any decision on a site is a matter for the local planning authority to make by allocating the land in its Local Development Framework and/or by granting planning permission.Sites are first assessed for suitability, availability, and achievability. Sites which have planning permission, recently lapsed, or, are allocated in the emerging Local Plan are considered to be 'suitable'. For other sites, including those submitted by landowners or developers, an assessment is required. Assessing suitability requires consideration of whether the site offers a suitable location for development and would contribute to the creation of sustainable communities. If the constraints of the site cannot be overcome within the first 15 years then site is not suitable.A site is 'available' if it has a valid planning permission that has not lapsed or if the owner's intentions are to develop residential units in the near future. If the site owner is not known the site is not available. Where sites are allocated for development or have been submitted for consideration in the SHLAA, there are assumed to be no legal obstacles to development, unless available evidence indicates otherwise.A site is considered 'achievable' for development where there is a reasonable prospect that housing will be developed on the site at a particular point in time. This is essentially a judgement about the economic viability of a site, and the capacity of the developer to complete and let or sell the development over a certain period. Considering all that you know about the site, can the site be developed within 15 years?Once assessments of suitability, availability and achievability have been made an overall assessment of whether the site is deliverable? ordevelopable? can take place:Deliverable sites: Should be available now, offer a suitable location for development now, and be achievable with a realistic prospect that housing will be delivered on the site within five years. Sites which do not involve major development and have planning permission, and all sites with detailed planning permission, should be considered deliverable until permission expires, unless there is clear evidence that homes will not be delivered within five years (e.g. they are no longer viable, there is no longer a demand for the type of units or sites have long term phasing plans). Sites with outline planning permission, permission in principle, allocated in the development plan or identified on a brownfield register should only be considered deliverable where there is clear evidence that housing completions will begin on site within five years.Developable sites: Sites should be in a suitable location for housing with a reasonable prospect that they will be available for housing from years 6 to 15 of the plan period but have ownership, viability or other constraints that makes delivery unlikely to occur until then. This mainly consists of sites which are suitable for development but do not currently have planning permission (or had planning history). This includes those that had planning permission lapsed.Could be Suitable: Sites which could be suitable but are not Deliverable or DevelopableNot Deliverable or Developable sites: Sites which are considered neither Deliverable, Developable or 'could be suitable'.

The Growth Centers data on the Future Land Use Map were developed for the Division of Planning, RI Statewide Planning Program as part of an update to a state land use plan. These data are included in the Plan as Figure 121-02-(01), Future Land Use Map. The growth centers were an end product of a GIS overlay analysis of land suitability and scenario planning for future growth. Initially the factors for centers included 9 urban communities; Providence, East Providence, Pawtucket, Cranston, Central Falls, Warwick, West Warwick, Newport and Woonsocket as potential urban centers as opposed to identifying specific neighborhoods in those municipalities. Historical downtowns and traditional mixed-use central business cores in urban fringe / suburban communities were included as potential town centers, as well as, some of the historical village downtowns and some traditional mixed-use cores in rural communities. All communities in the State either include one or more existing or potential centers or are within the Urban Services Boundary on the map. The growth centers shown in these data were selected by the Statewide Planning staff, the Technical Committee and the State Planning Council through a series of discussions at public meetings, and comments received at public hearings and workshops in the final adoption of Land Use 2025 in 2006. Centers depicted on the Future Land Use 2025 map are illustrative of potential new centers that may be established. It is not a intended as a comprehensive inventory of existing centers. Other centers may be illustrated and or proposed in municipal comprehensive plans. Full descriptions of the methodology for the GIS analysis and scenario planning can be found within the Technical Appendix D to Land Use 2025, Geographic Analysis for Land Available and Suitable for Development for Land Use 2025. Land Use 2025: State Land Use Policies and Plan was published by the RI Statewide Planning Program on April 13, 2006. The Plan directs the state and communities to concentrate growth inside the Urban Services Boundary (USB) and within potential growth centers in rural areas. It establishes different development approaches for urban and rural areas. This Map has several purposes and applications: It is intended to be used as a policy guide for directing growth to areas most capable of supporting current and future developed uses and to direct growth away from areas less suited for development. Secondly, the Map is a guide to assist the state and communities in making land use policies. It is important to note the Map is a generalized portrayal of state land use policy. It is not a statewide zoning map. Zoning matters and individual land use decisions are the prerogative of local governments. Growth Centers are envisioned to be areas that will encourage development that is both contiguous to existing development with low fiscal and environmental impacts. They are intended to be compact developed areas (existing or new) containing a defined central core that accommodate community needs for residential and economic functions. Centers are intended to provide optimum use of land and services, and offer a choice of diverse housing stock, economic functions, and cultural and governmental uses. Density will vary greatly between centers subject to site constraints; however, it is intended that they will share the common characteristic of compact development that capitalizes on existing infrastructure. Centers should reflect traditional New England development patterns with a human scale of blocks, streets, open spaces that offer walkability and access to transit where available. In suburban areas, centers should be distinguished from surrounding sprawling development by a closer proximity between residential and non-residential uses. In rural areas, centers should be surrounded by natural areas, farmland, or open space, and may have a mixed-use and or commercial area in the core for neighborhood-scale goods and services. The land use element is the over arching element in Rhode Island's State Guide Plan. The Plan articulates goals, objectives and strategies to guide the current and future land use planning of municipalities and state agencies. The purpose of the plan is to guide future land use and to present policies under which state and municipal plans and land use activities will be reviewed for consistency with the State Guide Plan. The Map is a graphical representation of recommendations for future growth patterns in the State. The Map contains a USB that shows where areas with public services supporting urban development presently exist, or are likely to be provided, through 2025. Also included on the map are growth centers which are potential areas for development and redevelopment outside of the USB. These data will be updated when plan is updated or upon an amendment approved by the State Planning Council.

This map shows the Recreation Ecosystem Service supply potential in % for the year 1990. The model was obtained by a multi-criteria analysis using a weighted sum technique. It considers the distance from residential areas (weight 0.1) and the distance to coast inland and see (weight 0.1), the presence/absence of protected areas (weight 0.2) and a land use land cover suitability (weight 0.6) score to show the recreation potential and the high-quality areas for recreation.

The normalization method adopts the min-max normalization.

Spatial resolution: 100m

A Strategic Housing Land Availability Assessment (SHLAA) is a technical exercise to determine the quantity and suitability of land potentially available for housing development. It is not a site allocations exercise – the purpose is to provide a robust indication of aggregate housing capacity at local authority level. The SHLAA is a required part of the evidence base needed for the preparation of a Local Plan (as specified in the National Planning Policy Framework, para. 159). The Mayor carries out a London-wide SHLAA to determine the borough housing targets that form a key part of the London Plan.

The sites in appendices D and E (approval and allocation sites) from the SHLAA 2017 report are available for download below. Potential sites remain confidential.

Place of residence. Moving in and out. Neighbours and family. Volunteers and associations. Infrastructure. Leisure time. Medical care and health. Life in old age. Life in youth. Refugees and migration.

Topics: Assessment of the place of residence; impact of various aspects on the quality of life; residential status; type of house purchase (purchase, new construction, inheritance); reasons for a pleasant life in the place of residence; suggestions for improvement of the place of residence; poor condition of buildings, streets, squares or areas in the place of residence; particularly disturbing aspects in the place of residence (open); assessment of the quality of life in the place of residence.

Moving in and out: duration of residence at the place of residence (since birth or year of move); reasons for the move; intention to move; reasons for the intended move; planned move within the place of residence, within Germany or abroad.

Neighbours and family: neighbourly relationship; proportion of neighbours with whom a friendly relationship exists; assessment of community life in the place of residence; place of residence of friends and acquaintances; contact person for advice, practical help and talks about wishes and concerns; importance of close family members, relatives, friends and neighbours; close relationship with various family members; family members with whom there is no longer any contact.

Voluntary work and associations: current or former voluntary work; areas of voluntary work (today and in the past); place of voluntary work (only place of residence, in the place of residence and in other places, only in other places); willingness to use or provide various services as neighbourly help (now or in the future).

Infrastructure: evaluation of the public transport connection of the place of residence; regular bus use; criteria for the willingness to (regularly) use the bus; preferred place for the purchase of food; satisfaction with the shopping possibilities for food in the place of residence or in the residential region; means of transport used for shopping; Internet use at home; evaluation of the speed of the Internet connection.

Leisure: satisfaction with leisure facilities in the place of residence; leisure facilities and places used.

Medical care and health: physical impairments during various activities (carrying shopping bags, climbing stairs, walking long distances uphill, carrying heavy objects); family doctor; number of consultations with the family doctor in the last twelve months; means of transport used to get to the family doctor; willingness only to use medical care centres (MVZ); assessment of medical care in the region; expected future problems with medical care at the place of residence; kind of expected problems (open).

Life in old age: assessment of the suitability of the place of residence for life in old age with regard to various aspects; areas in urgent need of improvement (open); opinion on various forms of housing in old age; accessibility of the house or apartment; conversion of the current apartment or move into a barrier-free apartment in case of acute need; importance of various offers and possibilities for living in old age.

Living in the youth: Evaluation of different offers and possibilities for young people and young adults in the Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm; suggestions for improvement.

Refugees and migrants: worries or hopes because of the influx of refugees and migrants into the district; kind of these hopes and worries; countries from which Germany should no longer accept refugees.

Demography: sex; age (year of birth); marital status; steady partner; children; place of residence of children; children attending kindergarten or school; employment status; place of work; time spent travelling to work; means of transport used to get to work; highest general school leaving certificate; number of cars in the household.

Additionally coded: respondent-ID.

A Strategic Housing Land Availability Assessment (SHLAA) is a technical exercise to determine the quantity and suitability of land potentially available for housing development.The SHLAA is not a site allocations exercise – the purpose of the SHLAA is to provide a robust indication of aggregate housing capacity at local authority level and across London. Only sites that are already approved or formally allocated for housing are identified on the web map.For more information, please visit: https://www.london.gov.uk/what-we-do/planning/london-plan/new-london-plan/strategic-housing-land-availability-assessment