The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Germany was worth 4659.93 billion US dollars in 2024, according to official data from the World Bank. The GDP value of Germany represents 4.39 percent of the world economy. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Germany GDP - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

In 2024, Germany’s GDP ranged at around 4.68 trillion U.S. dollars, the highest GDP the country has reported in decades. It is predicted to grow towards six trillion U.S. dollars by 2030. Germany has the third-largest GDP in the world, after the United States and China. The national debt of Germany has steadily been falling since 2012 and is now about a quarter of the size of Japan’s and half that of the United States. Development of GDP per capita Gross domestic product per capita in Germany has been increasing since 2015 and experienced its last period of decline between the mid-nineties and early noughties. In 2001, GDP per capita was the lowest it had been since the early nineties, but more than doubled by the time of the financial crisis in 2008. GDP per capita fluctuated throughout the subsequent decade, before reaching around 48,000 U.S. dollars in 2018. Largest economic sectors The service sector generates the highest share of GDP in Germany at nearly 70 percent. Finance and telecommunications are a large part of the service sector, as well as tourism – including hospitality and accommodation. Roughly a quarter of GDP currently comes from the production industry, not including construction. Agriculture, fishing, and forestry make up less than one percent.

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Germany stagnated 0 percent in the third quarter of 2025 over the previous quarter. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Germany GDP Growth Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Since 1980, Europe's largest economies have consistently been France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom, although the former Soviet Union's economy was the largest in the 1980s, and Russia's economy has been larger than Spain's since 2010. Since Soviet dissolution, Germany has always had the largest economy in Europe, while either France or the UK has had the second largest economy depending on the year. Italy's economy was of a relatively similar size to that of the UK and France until the mid-2000s when it started to diverge, resulting in a difference of approximately 800 billion U.S dollars by 2018. Russia's economy had overtaken both Italy and Spain's in 2012, but has fallen since 2014 due to the drop in international oil prices and the economic sanctions imposed for its annexation of Crimea - economic growth is expected to be comparatively low in Russia in the coming years due to the economic fallout of its invasion of Ukraine in 2022. In 2025, Germany, now the world's third-largest economy, was estimated at over *** trillion U.S. dollars.

In 2024, the services sector's share in Germany's gross domestic product amounted edged over 70 percent, while the secondary and primary sectors generated less than a third of GDP together. At your service The tertiary, or services, sector encompasses all kinds of intangible goods, like consulting and advice, transport, or attention. If a country generates its GDP mostly via services, this is often through industries like housing, tourism (including accommodation and hospitality), financial services, or telecommunications. Germany is a popular tourist destination and an important financial hub. Germany is not a “service desert” The services sector in Germany not only generates most of the country’s GDP, it also employs the vast majority of the workforce with over 70 percent. Lately, business confidence in the German services sector has increased significantly, which suggests a stable economy and ideally an increase in production and output in the future. This projection is supported by rising GDP and a stable inflation rate at around two percent.

Key information about Germany Real GDP Growth

• The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Germany expanded 0.3 % YoY in Sep 2025, following a growth of 0.3 % in the previous quarter.
• Real GDP Growth YoY data in Germany is updated quarterly, available from Mar 1992 to Sep 2025, with an average rate of -1.9 %.
• The data reached an all-time high of 11.6 % in Jun 2021 and a record low of -10.7 % in Jun 2020.

CEIC calculates Real GDP Growth from quarterly Real GDP Index. Statistisches Bundesamt provides Real GDP Index at chain linked 2020 prices.


Related information about Germany Real GDP Growth

• In the latest reports, Nominal GDP of Germany reached 1,310.0 USD bn in Sep 2025.
• Its GDP deflator (implicit price deflator) increased 3.1 % in Sep 2025.
• GDP Per Capita in Germany reached 56,061.4 USD in Dec 2024.
• Its Gross Savings Rate was measured at 24.5 % in Sep 2025.
• For Nominal GDP contributions, Investment accounted for 22.8 % in Sep 2025.
• Public Consumption accounted for 22.1 % in Sep 2025.
• Private Consumption accounted for 53.4 % in Sep 2025.

In 2024, Germany's gross domestic product (GDP) amounted to 4,305.3 billion euros. Germany is thus among the leading five countries in the world GDP ranking. International standing Germany’s economy is not only one of the largest worldwide, it is also the largest in Europe and predicted to be among the countries with the largest GDP by the year 2030. Additionally, Germany is among the 20 countries with the largest gross domestic product per capita, and it is one of the leading exporters and importers, only surpassed by China and the United States in both cases. Subsequently, it also reports one of the highest trade surpluses worldwide. Employment Germany’s national debt amounts to about 60 percent of GDP and is steadily decreasing. It also reports one of the lowest unemployment rates in the European Union. All signs seem to point to a very bright future for Germany’s economy. However, the country has been struggling with skilled labor shortages for a while and many companies are desperately looking for apprentices. This is partly due to very low population growth but also the rising unpopularity of apprenticeships.

Key information about Germany Market Capitalization: % of GDP

• Germany Market Capitalization accounted for 46.8 % of its Nominal GDP in Dec 2023, compared with a percentage of 44.2 % in the previous year
• Germany Market Capitalization: % Nominal GDP is updated yearly, available from Dec 1975 to Dec 2023
• The data reached an all-time high of 66.9 % in Dec 1999 and a record low of 7.5 % in Dec 1980

CEIC calculates Market Capitalization as % of Nominal GDP from monthly Market Capitalization and annual Nominal GDP. Deutsche Börse Group provides Market Capitalization in EUR. Statistisches Bundesamt provides Nominal GDP in EUR. Market Capitalization covers Domestically Incorporated Companies only. Market Capitalization as % of Nominal GDP prior to 1998 is sourced from the World Bank

In 2024, Germany's real gross domestic product fell by around 0.5 percent compared to the previous year. Keeping it real Real gross domestic product is, by definition, a measure of the value of economic output adjusted for inflation. While nominal gross domestic product (GDP), often only referred to as gross domestic product, reflects the state of a country’s economy including everything produced by the inhabitants within the country, real GDP is a more precise measurement of economic growth since it takes price change into account. Germany’s race to the topGermany’s social market economy is one of the largest worldwide and continues to thrive. One of the strongest industries in Germany is car manufacturing: Several German vehicle manufacturers, like Daimler, Volkswagen, or BMW, are among the major global market players and have brought in billions of euros in revenue in the past years, fueling the economy for years to come.

This data selection represents a thematic extract from the comprehensive study “The Growth of the German Economy since the mid-19th Century“ (“Das Wachstum der deutschen Wirtschaft seit der Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts”) from 1965 by Walter G. Hoffmann. The main objective of Hoffmann’s study is to work out statistical figures concerning the long-term development of the German national economy, as well as the individual fields of this subject area. In doing so, the time series shall enable the verification of various hypotheses concerning economic growth. This aim, however, can only be reached if such time series are based on comparable statistical, methodical, and content-related concepts, and if they are collected for a period with maximum length. Consequently, this data selection comprises more than 800 pages with 250 tables, featuring almost every time series between 1850 and 1960 that can be considered relevant for the economic development. Whenever necessary, these materials were completed by estimates. Moreover, the above-named analyses of long-term tendencies aim at creating a reference system for the numerous short-term changes occuring within most national economies in the course of a century.Here the special focus of Hoffman’s work lies on the visualisation of the gained materials as regards the raise, distribution, and use of the national income. The respective calculation is based on the two production factors of labour and capital and culminates in an overview of production. The calculation of the distribution, on the other hand, deals with the functional and individual, i.e. personal distribution of (earned and capital) income. In its turn, the calculation of use is divided into the sectors of private and public consumption, investment, and the national trade balance. Topics Timeseries data available via the downloadsystem HISTAT The chapter „the prices“ do not contain a general representation of price history, but summarises only the prices, which are necessary for computations in other parts of Hoffmann´s work, for example calculations of inflation and/or deflation of timeseries on the basis of price indices. Data excerpt: Prices(final expenditure compilation , the following factors have been taken into consideration): - Producer´s prices for crop products (1846-1959)- Producer´s prices for products from livestock farming (1850-1959)- Indices of producer´s prices of agricultural production (1850-1959)- Producer´s prices of agricultural and fishery products (1848-1959)- Price indices of investment goods (1850-1959)- Retailing consumer prices for crop products (1850-1959)- Retailing consumer prices for products from livestock farming (1850-1959)- Retailing consumer prices for products luxury foodstuffs (1850-1959)- Price indices of selected product-groups (1850-1913)- Price indices of selected product-groups (1925-1959)- Price indices of net national product at market prices (final expenditures compilation) (1850-1959)- Prices of official consumption (1925-1959)- Export-price indices: foodstuffs, luxury foodstuffs, basic materials, semi-finished goods (1880-1960)- Export-price indices: manufactured goods (1880-1960)- Import-price indices: foodstuffs, luxury foodstuffs (1872-1960)- Import-price indices: basic materials, semi-finished goods, manufactured goods (1872-1960)- Price indices of the balance of payments´ groups (1950-1959)

This data selection represents a thematic extract from the comprehensive study “The Growth of the German Economy since the mid-19th Century“ (“Das Wachstum der deutschen Wirtschaft seit der Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts”) from 1965 by Walter G. Hoffmann. The main objective of Hoffmann’s study is to work out statistical figures concerning the long-term development of the German national economy, as well as the individual fields of this subject area. In doing so, the time series shall enable the verification of various hypotheses concerning economic growth. This aim, however, can only be reached if such time series are based on comparable statistical, methodical, and content-related concepts, and if they are collected for a period with maximum length. Consequently, this data selection comprises more than 800 pages with 250 tables, featuring almost every time series between 1850 and 1960 that can be considered relevant for the economic development. Whenever necessary, these materials were completed by estimates. Moreover, the above-named analyses of long-term tendencies aim at creating a reference system for the numerous short-term changes occuring within most national economies in the course of a century.Here the special focus of Hoffman’s work lies on the visualisation of the gained materials as regards the raise, distribution, and use of the national income. The respective calculation is based on the two production factors of labour and capital and culminates in an overview of production. The calculation of the distribution, on the other hand, deals with the functional and individual, i.e. personal distribution of (earned and capital) income. In its turn, the calculation of use is divided into the sectors of private and public consumption, investment, and the national trade balance. Topics Timeseries data available via the downloadsystem HISTAT Data excerpt: Population and Employed(calculation of raised income, the following factors have been taken into consideration): - Population movement in Germany (1817-1959).- Mean population in the German Empire without Alsace-Lorraine (1840-1871).- Mean population in the German Empire without Alsace-Lorraine (1925-1934).- Population by sex (1852-1961).- Employees in mining and salt-mines (1846-1959).- Employees in Industry and handicraft (1846-1959).- Employees in traffic system (1846-1939).- Employees in traffic system (1950-1959).- Employees in trade, banks, insurances and hotel and catering industry (1846-1959).- Employees in ohter services (1846-1959).- Employees by branches (1846-1959).- Self-employed by branches (1849-1959).- Female employees by branches (1875-1958).- Employees´ grouping by size of enterprise (1875-1950).

GDP from Public Administration in Germany increased to 171.48 EUR Billion in the third quarter of 2025 from 170.74 EUR Billion in the second quarter of 2025. This dataset provides - Germany Gdp From Public Administration- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

This data selection represents a thematic extract from the comprehensive study “The Growth of the German Economy since the mid-19th Century“ (“Das Wachstum der deutschen Wirtschaft seit der Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts”) from 1965 by Walter G. Hoffmann. The main objective of Hoffmann’s study is to work out statistical figures concerning the long-term development of the German national economy, as well as the individual fields of this subject area. In doing so, the time series shall enable the verification of various hypotheses concerning economic growth. This aim, however, can only be reached if such time series are based on comparable statistical, methodical, and content-related concepts, and if they are collected for a period with maximum length. Consequently, this data selection comprises more than 800 pages with 250 tables, featuring almost every time series between 1850 and 1960 that can be considered relevant for the economic development. Whenever necessary, these materials were completed by estimates. Moreover, the above-named analyses of long-term tendencies aim at creating a reference system for the numerous short-term changes occuring within most national economies in the course of a century.Here the special focus of Hoffman’s work lies on the visualisation of the gained materials as regards the raise, distribution, and use of the national income. The respective calculation is based on the two production factors of labour and capital and culminates in an overview of production. The calculation of the distribution, on the other hand, deals with the functional and individual, i.e. personal distribution of (earned and capital) income. In its turn, the calculation of use is divided into the sectors of private and public consumption, investment, and the national trade balance. Topics Timeseries data available via the downloadsystem HISTAT Data excerpt: earned income and capital income(income compilation, the following factors have been taken into consideration): - average yearly earned income in mining and salt-mines (1850-1959).- average yearly earned income in industry and handicraft (1850-1959).- average yearly earned income in traffic system without German Federal Railways, German Federal Mail, and shipping (1950-1959).- average yearly earned income in traffic system (1850-1959).- average yearly earned income in trade, banks, insurances, and hotel and catering industry (1925-1939).- average yearly earned income in trade, banks, insurances, and hotel and catering industry (1950-1960).- average yearly earned income of employed in the public service (1851-1913).- average yearly earned income in the public service (1925-1950).- average yearly earned income in other services (1850-1959).- average yearly earned income by economic sectores (1850-1959).- earned income by economic sectores (1850-1959).- rate of return of the industrial sector´s stock corporations (1926-1959).- distribution of net social product in factor costs in current prices (1850 – 1959).

Keywords; Search terms: historical time series; historical statistics; histat / HISTAT .

Abstract:

Quantitative analysis of growth trends and economic cycles of the German economy in the phase of early and high industrialization based on indicators in the form of longer time series.

Topics:

a) Proof of relevant different growth patterns within the national economy, determination of number and average length of the cycles of individual indicators as well as dating of the prevailing economic movement, insight into the connections between individual economic sectors;

b) creation of indicator time series for population, bankruptcies, agriculture, grocery business, cotton industry, mining, iron and steel industry, monetary and credit business.

Time Series (1820-1913) in the downloadsystem HISTAT:

• Germanys mean population;

• Birthrate, Marriage Rate, Death Rate;

• Insolvencies in the German Empire;

• Annual Average Bank Rate, Hamburg / Berlin (in %);

• Note Balance Sheets of German Financial Institutions and Banks at the End of the Year (in Mio. Mark);

• Crop Net Production of german Agriculture in Constant Prices of 1913 (in Mio. Mark);

• Wholsale Prices of Vegetable Food in the German Empire, Index, 1913=100, Constant Currency (in %);

• Consumption of Shugar (in 1000t);

• Wholsale Prices of Industrial Basic Matirials in the German Empire, Index, 1913=100, Constant Currency (in %.);

• Output of Prussian Black Coal Mining Förderungsmenge des preußischen Steinkohlebergbaus (in Mio. t );

• Chief Board of Mines district (Oberbergamtsbezirk) Dortmunts Labour Productivity of Black Coal Mining (in t/Mann);

• Hot Metal Production (in 1000t);

• Import Prices of shottisch Pig-Iron, Hamburg (in Mark/t);

• Gross-Investment of Germanys Cotton-Mills (in 1000 Mark);

• Spinning Margin of German Cotton-Mills (in Pfennig/kg);

• Yarn Production of German Cotton-Mills (in 1000t );

Germany recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 62.20 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2024. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Germany Government Debt to GDP - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Key information about Germany Market Capitalization

• Germany Market Capitalization accounted for 2,757.016 USD bn in Oct 2025, compared with a percentage of 2,801.729 USD bn in the previous month
• Germany Market Capitalization is updated monthly, available from Jan 1998 to Oct 2025
• The data reached an all-time high of 2,851.942 USD bn in Jun 2025 and a record low of 627.521 USD bn in Mar 2003

CEIC converts monthly Market Capitalization into USD. Deutsche Börse Group provides Market Capitalization in EUR. The Federal Reserve Board period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions.

With a Gross Domestic Product of over 4.3 trillion Euros, the German economy was by far the largest in Europe in 2024. The similarly sized economies of the United Kingdom and France were the second and third largest economies in Europe during this year, followed by Italy and Spain. The smallest economy in this statistic is that of the small Balkan nation of Montenegro, which had a GDP of 7.4 billion Euros. In this year, the combined GDP of the 27 member states that compose the European Union amounted to approximately 17.95 trillion Euros. The big five Germany’s economy has consistently had the largest economy in Europe since 1980, even before the reunification of West and East Germany. The United Kingdom, by contrast, has had mixed fortunes during the same period and had a smaller economy than Italy in the late 1980s. The UK also suffered more than the other major economies during the recession of the late 2000s, meaning the French economy was the second largest on the continent for some time afterward. The Spanish economy was continually the fifth-largest in Europe in this 38-year period, and from 2004 onwards, has been worth more than one trillion Euros. The smallest GDP, the highest economic growth in Europe Despite having the smallerst GDP of Europe, Montenegro emerged as the fastest growing economy in the continent, achieving an impressive annual growth rate of 4.5 percent, surpassing Turkey's growth rate of 4 percent. Overall,this Balkan nation has shown a remarkable economic recovery since the 2010 financial crisis, with its GDP projected to grow by 28.71 percent between 2024 and 2029. Contributing to this positive trend are successful tourism seasons in recent years, along with increased private consumption and rising imports. Europe's economic stagnation Malta, Albania, Iceland, and Croatia were among the countries reporting some of the highest growth rates this year. However, Europe's overall performance reflected a general slowdown in growth compared to the trend seen in 2021, during the post-pandemic recovery. Estonia experienced the sharpest negative growth in 2023, with its economy shrinking by 2.3% compared to 2022, primarily due to the negative impact of sanctions placed on its large neighbor, Russia. Other nations, including Sweden, Germany, and Finland, also recorded slight negative growth.

Government spending in Germany was last recorded at 49.4 percent of GDP in 2024 . This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Germany Government Spending to GDP - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

This data selection represents a thematic extract from the comprehensive study “The Growth of the German Economy since the mid-19th Century“ (“Das Wachstum der deutschen Wirtschaft seit der Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts”) from 1965 by Walter G. Hoffmann. The main objective of Hoffmann’s study is to work out statistical figures concerning the long-term development of the German national economy, as well as the individual fields of this subject area. In doing so, the time series shall enable the verification of various hypotheses concerning economic growth. This aim, however, can only be reached if such time series are based on comparable statistical, methodical, and content-related concepts, and if they are collected for a period with maximum length. Consequently, this data selection comprises more than 800 pages with 250 tables, featuring almost every time series between 1850 and 1960 that can be considered relevant for the economic development. Whenever necessary, these materials were completed by estimates. Moreover, the above-named analyses of long-term tendencies aim at creating a reference system for the numerous short-term changes occuring within most national economies in the course of a century.Here the special focus of Hoffman’s work lies on the visualisation of the gained materials as regards the raise, distribution, and use of the national income. The respective calculation is based on the two production factors of labour and capital and culminates in an overview of production. The calculation of the distribution, on the other hand, deals with the functional and individual, i.e. personal distribution of (earned and capital) income. In its turn, the calculation of use is divided into the sectors of private and public consumption, investment, and the national trade balance. Topics Timeseries data available via the downloadsystem HISTAT Data excerpt: foreign trade, balance of payments(from final expenditure compilation, the following factors have been taken into consideration): - Die Exporte in laufenden Preisen (1880-1960)- Die Exporte an einzelnen Waren und Warengruppen in laufenden Preisen (1880-1960)- Die Importe in laufenden Preisen (1880-1960)- Die Importe an einzelnen Waren und Warengruppen in laufenden Preisen (1880-1960)- Die Indizes der Exportvolumen (1836-1960)- Die Indizes der Exportvolumen für einzeln Waren (1836-1960)- Die Indizes der Importvolumen (1836-1960- Die Indizes der Importvolumen für einzelne Waren (1836-1960)- Die Zahlungsbilanz in laufenden Preisen (1880-1913)- Die Zahlungsbilanz in laufenden Preisen (1925-1935)- Die Leistungsbilanz in Preisen von 1913 (1880-1913)- Die Zahlungsbilanz in Preisen von 1913 (1925-1935)

The industry players are the development banks of the federal and state governments. In the years between 2020 and 2025, the industry recorded average annual revenue growth of 14.8%. This positive development is largely due to the expansion of development programmes during the coronavirus pandemic. Measures such as liquidity loans, investment aid and crisis programmes led to exceptionally high volumes. Turnover of €46 billion is forecast for 2025, which corresponds to a decline of 3.9% compared to 2024. The observed decline is due to the normalisation following pandemic-related peaks and the expiry of numerous special programmes. Development banks are therefore returning to a stable long-term development business. Income is mainly generated from interest income, supplemented by marginal commission components. The low-interest phase and the expiry of higher-interest legacy loans have reduced the level of income without diminishing the strategic importance of the development banks for financing socially relevant projects.Although the development banks were also confronted with falling earnings due to the low interest rates following the financial crisis in the years 2007 to 2009, they were able to benefit from the economic environment in the post-crisis period in contrast to other credit institutions. Since then, most banks have found it very difficult to refinance themselves on the capital market at favourable conditions, as many investors consider the default risk for banks to be significantly higher than before the financial crisis. As the development banks can rely on the federal and state governments, they receive very good ratings and can refinance themselves at favourable conditions, enabling them to expand their business. During the coronavirus pandemic, they played a central role in stabilising the German economy. Even after the outbreak of the war in Ukraine, the funding volume remains at a high level as the institutions continue to provide targeted support for economically and socially relevant projects. The combination of solid refinancing, state protection and crisis-related funding requirements ensures stable income for the banks and emphasises their importance as a strategic partner in economically uncertain times.For the period from 2025 to 2030, a decline in turnover of 0.5% per year on average is forecast. Accordingly, industry turnover is expected to amount to 45 billion euros in 2030. For the coming five-year period, IBISWorld is forecasting a slight and steady decline in interest rates, which is likely to lead to a slight reduction in interest income. At the same time, a high volume of funding is expected, as the development banks are likely to play a key role in the recovery of the German economy and its transformation towards sustainability and digitalisation. This will prevent a major decline in sector turnover.