In 2019, most of Italians assumed to belong to the middle class. More specifically, 52 percent of individuals defined their social status as middle class. Moreover, 37 percent of Italians stated to be part of the lower social class. Data for social class perception suggested that the occupation with the highest share of upper-class people was being a student. At the same time, freelance professional was most popular job position among middle class citizens, while the majority of unemployed people felt to belong to the lower class.

How much do Italians earn on average?

From 2006 to 2015, gross household disposable income per capita in Italy was fluctuating with no precise pattern. In the next three years, however, gross income per capita steadily increased until peaking above 31 thousand U.S. dollars in 2018. This figure put Italy at the 17th place in the ranking of OECD countries with the gross disposable income per household.

Income inequalities in Italy

National average figures can be quite misleading. In Italy, substantial economic differences across regions and also due to gender can be observed. Inhabitants of the South and the Islands earn on average around ten thousand euros less annually than Italians from the North East. Moreover, female households’ average net income in 2017 was eight thousand euros smaller than male households’ income.

These datasets contain measures of socioeconomic and demographic characteristics by U.S. census tract for the years 1990-2022 and ZIP code tabulation area (ZCTA) for the years 2008-2022. Example measures include population density; population distribution by race, ethnicity, age, and income; income inequality by race and ethnicity; and proportion of population living below the poverty level, receiving public assistance, and female-headed or single parent families with kids. The datasets also contain a set of theoretically derived measures capturing neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and affluence, as well as a neighborhood index of Hispanic, foreign born, and limited English.

As of November 2023, ** percent of ****** users in the United States were from high-income households. After BeReal, ******** also saw a large share of users from high-income households in the United States, with ** percent belonging to that economic group. Additionally, X (formerly Twitter) was also used more by users with higher incomes.

In 2021, 20.1% of people from the Indian ethnic group were in higher managerial and professional occupations – the highest percentage out of all ethnic groups in this socioeconomic group.

The 2019 International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) studied economic inequality in Finland. The respondents' attitudes were surveyed on income disparity between social groups, occupations and societies as well as which actors in society should solve these disparities. In addition, the survey charted the respondents' socio-economic situation, Finnish taxation, and conflicts between social groups. The previous ISSP survey regarding inequality was collected in 2009. First, the respondents' opinions were charted concerning the importance of different factors for succeeding in life, such as parents' wealth, ambition, social networks, corruption, or gender. Additionally, views were canvassed on fairness of differences in wealth between rich and poor countries. The respondents were also asked to estimate what persons in different occupations earned (euros/month, gross) and what the respondents thought they ought to be paid. Next, the respondents were presented with a set of statements that they were asked to agree or disagree with on a 5-point Likert scale. The questions concerned, for example, whether income disparity was too great in Finland, who should intervene with income disparity, whether the policies of the government were justified and whether the current level of taxation was justified. The respondents also placed themselves on a 10-point scale according to whether they considered themselves to be at the top or the bottom in society - currently, in childhood home and ten years into the future. Their views were also enquired on which factors they deemed important in deciding one's level of pay. Views on the hierarchical structure of society were examined by showing the respondents five figures representing differently built societies and asking which of the figures corresponded most closely to the situation in the respondent's own country, and which figure corresponded most closely to an optimal situation. The respondents were also asked questions regarding their economic situation at the time of the survey. Background variables included, for instance, gender, year of birth, region of residence (NUTS2), occupation, educational background, religious affiliation, which party the respondent voted for in previous elections, number of children, income, marital status, and statistical grouping of municipalities (urban, semi-urban, rural). The survey also included questions concerning the respondent's spouse/partner and parents' occupations.

Incomes of families by region, unit, socio-economic status and type of income | gimi9.com

As of July 2024, roughly 40.4 percent of respondents claimed to belong to the middle class, followed by the lower class or poor at nearly 20 percent. Another 14 percent of respondents said they were lower middle class.

IntroductionOur study explores how New York City (NYC) communities of various socioeconomic strata were uniquely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsNew York City ZIP codes were stratified into three bins by median income: high-income, middle-income, and low-income. Case, hospitalization, and death rates obtained from NYCHealth were compared for the period between March 2020 and April 2022.ResultsCOVID-19 transmission rates among high-income populations during off-peak waves were higher than transmission rates among low-income populations. Hospitalization rates among low-income populations were higher during off-peak waves despite a lower transmission rate. Death rates during both off-peak and peak waves were higher for low-income ZIP codes.DiscussionThis study presents evidence that while high-income areas had higher transmission rates during off-peak periods, low-income areas suffered greater adverse outcomes in terms of hospitalization and death rates. The importance of this study is that it focuses on the social inequalities that were amplified by the pandemic.

In the financial year 2021, a majority of Indian households fell under the aspirers category, earning between ******* and ******* Indian rupees a year. On the other hand, about ***** percent of households that same year, accounted for the rich, earning over * million rupees annually. The middle class more than doubled that year compared to ** percent in financial year 2005. Middle-class income group and the COVID-19 pandemic During the COVID-19 pandemic specifically during the lockdown in March 2020, loss of incomes hit the entire household income spectrum. However, research showed the severest affected groups were the upper middle- and middle-class income brackets. In addition, unemployment rates were rampant nationwide that further lead to a dismally low GDP. Despite job recoveries over the last few months, improvement in incomes were insignificant. Economic inequality While India maybe one of the fastest growing economies in the world, it is also one of the most vulnerable and severely afflicted economies in terms of economic inequality. The vast discrepancy between the rich and poor has been prominent since the last ***** decades. The rich continue to grow richer at a faster pace while the impoverished struggle more than ever before to earn a minimum wage. The widening gaps in the economic structure affect women and children the most. This is a call for reinforcement in in the country’s social structure that emphasizes access to quality education and universal healthcare services.

In the 3 years to March 2021, black households were most likely out of all ethnic groups to have a weekly income of under £600.

Incomes of persons over 14 years of age by region, unit, sex, socioeconomic status and type of income | gimi9.com

This poll, fielded April 1-5, 2009, is a part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. Respondents were asked whether they approved of the way Barack Obama was handling the presidency and issues such as the economy and foreign policy. A series of questions addressed the Obama Administration's approach to solving economic problems and whether the administration's policies favored the rich, the middle class, or the poor. Respondents gave their opinions of First Lady Michelle Obama, the United States Congress, the Republican and Democratic parties, and whether President Obama or the Republicans in Congress were more likely to make the right decisions about the national economy and national security. Views were sought on President Obama's proposed budget plan, including changes in federal income taxes and government spending, and proposals to give financial assistance to the banking and automotive industries. A series of questions addressed the condition of the national economy, the most important economic problem facing the nation, the financial situation of the respondent's household, and how the recession was affecting their life. Respondents compared their current standard of living with that of their parents at the same age and gave their expectations about the standard of living of their children. Other questions asked respondents what the phrase "American dream" meant to them and whether they had achieved the "American dream" or expected to in their lifetime. Additional topics addressed the bonuses given to AIG insurance company executives, the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, international trade, health insurance coverage, and government spending on cancer research. Demographic variables include sex, age, race, education level, marital status, household income, employment status, perceived social class, political party affiliation, political philosophy, voter registration status and participation history, religious preference, whether respondents had children under the age of 18 years, and whether respondents considered themselves to be a born-again Christian.

Proportion of high-income participants in different socio-economic-demographic classes, by case and control groups.

The Personal and Family Income Statistics operation computes the income of people aged 18 years or older residing in the Basque Country and calculates magnitudes such as gross income per capita or average personal income; constitutes the basis for the knowledge of the distribution of individual and family wealth by relying on fiscal data, linked to census variables of the population. The breakdown of income according to population strata such as sex, age or relationship with productive activity (working, unemployed, retired population) allows an approximation to the knowledge of various groups.

Average weekly household expenditure on goods and services in the UK. Data are shown by region, age, income (including equivalised) group (deciles and quintiles), economic status, socio-economic class, housing tenure, output area classification, urban and rural areas (Great Britain only), place of purchase and household composition.

According to a 2023 survey conducted in France, across different income demographics, at-home internet access was higher among users with a higher income. Among the lower income demographics, ** percent reported having home internet connections, whereas ** percent of people from the upper middle income accessed the internet at home.

The American Community Survey (ACS) 5 Year 2016-2020 socioeconomic estimate data is a subset of information derived from the following census tables:B08013 - Aggregate Travel Time To Work Of Workers By Sex;B08303 - Travel Time To Work;B17019 - Poverty Status In The Past 12 Months Of Families By Household Type By Tenure;B17021 - Poverty Status Of Individuals In The Past 12 Months By Living Arrangement;B19001 - Household Income In The Past 12 Months;B19013 - Median Household Income In The Past 12 Months;B19025 - Aggregate Household Income In The Past 12 Months;B19113 - Median Family Income In The Past 12 Months;B19202 - Median Non-family Household Income In The Past 12 Months;B23001 - Sex By Age By Employment Status For The Population 16 Years And Over;B25014 - Tenure By Occupants Per Room;B25026 - Total Population in Occupied Housing Units by Tenure by year Householder Moved into Unit;B25106 - Tenure By Housing Costs As A Percentage Of Household Income In The Past 12 Months;C24010 - Sex By Occupation For The Civilian Employed Population 16 Years And Over;B20004 - Median Earnings In the Past 12 Months (In 2015 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars) by Sex by Educational Attainment for the Population 25 Years and Over;B23006 - Educational Attainment by Employment Status for the Population 25 to 64 Years, and;B24021 - Occupation By Median Earnings In The Past 12 Months (In 2015 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars) For The Full-Time, Year-Round Civilian Employed Population 16 Years And Over.

To learn more about the American Community Survey (ACS), and associated datasets visit: https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs, for questions about the spatial attribution of this dataset, please reach out to us at GISHelpdesk@hud.gov. Data Dictionary: DD_ACS 5-Year Socioeconomic Estimate Data by CountyDate of Coverage: 2016-2020

Dataset

This dataset was created by Dhafer

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Contents

A more recent web map on this same topic is available for ArcGIS Online subscribers here.This map shows the socioeconomic status of each census tract. Data come from the US Census Bureau's 2011-2015 American Community Survey. Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status, over and above individual socioeconomic status, is a predictor of many health outcomes. The Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status (NSES) Index is on a scale from 0 to 100 with 50 being the national average around 2010. The Index incorporates the following indicators (fields in this layer's attribute table):Median Household Income (from Table B19013)Percent of individuals with income below the Federal Poverty Line (from Table S1701)The educational attainment of adults (age 25+) (from Table B15003)Unemployment Rate (from Table S2301)Percent of households with children under the age of 18 that are "female-headed" (no male present) (from Table B11005)NSES = log(median household income) + (-1.129 * (log(percent of female-headed households))) + (-1.104 * (log(unemployment rate))) + (-1.974 * (log(percent below poverty))) + .451*((high school grads)+(2*(bachelor's degree holders)))To learn more about how the NSES Index was developed, please explore this journal articleMiles, Jeremy and Weden, Margaret; Lavery, Diana; Escarce, José; Kathleen Cagney; Shih, Regina. 2016. “Constructing a Time-Invariant Measure of the Socio-Economic Status of U.S. Census Tracts.” Journal of Urban Health, vol. 93, issue no.1, pp. 213-232. or this PPT presentation presented at the University of Texas at San Antonio's Applied Demography Conference in 2014.

This dataset contains replication files for "The Fading American Dream: Trends in Absolute Income Mobility Since 1940" by Raj Chetty, David Grusky, Maximilian Hell, Nathaniel Hendren, Robert Manduca, and Jimmy Narang. For more information, see https://opportunityinsights.org/paper/the-fading-american-dream/. A summary of the related publication follows. One of the defining features of the “American Dream” is the ideal that children have a higher standard of living than their parents. We assess whether the U.S. is living up to this ideal by estimating rates of “absolute income mobility” – the fraction of children who earn more than their parents – since 1940. We measure absolute mobility by comparing children’s household incomes at age 30 (adjusted for inflation using the Consumer Price Index) with their parents’ household incomes at age 30. We find that rates of absolute mobility have fallen from approximately 90% for children born in 1940 to 50% for children born in the 1980s. Absolute income mobility has fallen across the entire income distribution, with the largest declines for families in the middle class. These findings are unaffected by using alternative price indices to adjust for inflation, accounting for taxes and transfers, measuring income at later ages, and adjusting for changes in household size. Absolute mobility fell in all 50 states, although the rate of decline varied, with the largest declines concentrated in states in the industrial Midwest, such as Michigan and Illinois. The decline in absolute mobility is especially steep – from 95% for children born in 1940 to 41% for children born in 1984 – when we compare the sons’ earnings to their fathers’ earnings. Why have rates of upward income mobility fallen so sharply over the past half-century? There have been two important trends that have affected the incomes of children born in the 1980s relative to those born in the 1940s and 1950s: lower Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rates and greater inequality in the distribution of growth. We find that most of the decline in absolute mobility is driven by the more unequal distribution of economic growth rather than the slowdown in aggregate growth rates. When we simulate an economy that restores GDP growth to the levels experienced in the 1940s and 1950s but distributes that growth across income groups as it is distributed today, absolute mobility only increases to 62%. In contrast, maintaining GDP at its current level but distributing it more broadly across income groups – at it was distributed for children born in the 1940s – would increase absolute mobility to 80%, thereby reversing more than two-thirds of the decline in absolute mobility. These findings show that higher growth rates alone are insufficient to restore absolute mobility to the levels experienced in mid-century America. Under the current distribution of GDP, we would need real GDP growth rates above 6% per year to return to rates of absolute mobility in the 1940s. Intuitively, because a large fraction of GDP goes to a small fraction of high-income households today, higher GDP growth does not substantially increase the number of children who earn more than their parents. Of course, this does not mean that GDP growth does not matter: changing the distribution of growth naturally has smaller effects on absolute mobility when there is very little growth to be distributed. The key point is that increasing absolute mobility substantially would require more broad-based economic growth. We conclude that absolute mobility has declined sharply in America over the past half-century primarily because of the growth in inequality. If one wants to revive the “American Dream” of high rates of absolute mobility, one must have an interest in growth that is shared more broadly across the income distribution.