Graph and download economic data for OECD based Recession Indicators for South Africa from the Period following the Peak through the Trough (DISCONTINUED) (ZAFREC) from Feb 1960 to May 2022 about peak, trough, recession indicators, and South Africa.

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in South Africa expanded 0.50 percent in the third quarter of 2025 over the previous quarter. This dataset provides - South Africa GDP Growth Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

As of 2022, the real GDP growth rate in Africa was estimated at 3.7 percent, decreasing compared to the previous year when it stood at 4.8 percent. Africa's real GDP is projected to keep a stable and constant growth trend between 2023 and 2027.

Negative impact of COVID-19

Starting in 2020, the spread of the coronavirus (COVID-19) caused economic stagnation and recession in most world regions. Economies on the African continent were also negatively affected, as the health crisis determined disruptions across all economic sectors. In 2020, Africa’s real GDP dropped to minus 1.8 percent, an exceptional negative growth rate registered on the continent. Southern Africa was the most affected region, followed by Central and Western Africa, respectively.

Forecast economic growth in Africa

In 2021 and 2022, Africa’s economy showed signs of recovery after the COVID-19 crisis. Growth was expected to continue in the following years, with the total GDP increasing from around three trillion U.S. dollars in 2020 to four trillion U.S. dollars in 2027. The African economy was set to grow at a rapid pace, especially compared to other world regions. By 2027, Sub-Saharan Africa’s GDP is estimated to record a growth rate of over four percent, while the European Union’s economy would expand by less than two percent.

Context and Content

The dataset blends the University of Groningen's Penn World Table Productivity dataset, the Bank of Canada's Commodity Indices and the World Bank's GDP dataset. The blend is specifically created to answer the question: "What factors contribute most to, or are most indicative of, recessions in Africa?"

Content

The dataset has 49 feature variables and 1 target variable (i.e. the ‘growthbucket’ variable). There is a total of 486 samples in the dataset. 92.81% of the samples belong to the “0”, or “No_Recession” class. And, 7.82% of the samples belong to the “1” or “Recession” class. In short, the dataset has a class imbalance. It is useful for learning techniques for dealing with class imbalance like Cost-Sensitive Classification, Oversampling and Undersampling. For descriptions of the variables, see the attached file named: VariableDefinitions.csv

Years Covered: 2000 to 2017.

Countries Covered: 27 African Countries Including: Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania, Rwanda, Eswatini, Togo, Burkina Faso, Angola, Tunisia, Nigeria, Kenya, Burundi, Benin, Namibia, Central African Republic, Sudan, Gabon, Niger, Sierra Leone, Lesotho, Mauritania, Senegal, Mauritius, Botswana, Cameroon, Zimbabwe and Mozambique.

Acknowledgements

University of Groningen: Feenstra, Robert C., Robert Inklaar and Marcel P. Timmer (2015), "The Next Generation of the Penn World Table" American Economic Review, 105(10), 3150-3182, available for download at www.ggdc.net/pwt

Bank of Canada: Bank of Canada (2019). Commodity Price Index. [online] Bankofcanada.ca. Available at: https://www.bankofcanada.ca/rates/price-indexes/bcpi/ [Accessed 28 June 2019].

World Bank: World Bank (2019). GDP Growth (Annual %). [online] databank.worldbank.org. Available at: http://api.worldbank.org/v2/en/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG?downloadformat=excel [Accessed 27 June 2019].

Inspiration

A question: "What factors contribute most to, or are most indicative of, recessions in Africa?"

Up until 2014-2015, the South African property market was all about sellers and landlords seeking high rents, especially in two key markets, Johannesburg and Cape Town. However, since then it has become a buyer’s market with overall revenues of property owning and letting expected to fall from 12.7 billion U.S. dollars in 2017 to 11.5 billion U.S. dollars in 2023. A struggling economy, much political noise and a resultant lack of discretionary spending are the three key reasons for the slump in prices. The impact has been mainly felt in the high-end segment with investors opting out and only actual users completing transactions. Foreign buying, which earlier accounted for a significant portion of market revenues is also on the wane, with more of this consumer segment actually looking to sell. The Covid-19 outbreak has plunged the South African economy deep into recession with a recovery over the short to medium term unlikely. However, this doesn’t augur badly for the property market as a whole. In fact, the interest rate cut by the central bank in January, along with an increase in the transfer duty threshold to R1 million and personal income tax relief, is likely to boost the lower segment and result in more buyers.

Following the Global Financial Crisis of 2007-2008, countries across the world were thrown into recession. In comparison to North America, Europe, and Japan, however, many parts of the globe experienced less severe effects of the crisis, with some avoiding going into recession at all. Particularly in Africa and South & East Asia, many countries experienced a dip in their annual GDP growth, but still recorded high growth rates of over 2.5 percent. South Asia in particular actually experienced an increase in growth during the recession, bucking global trends. Latin America and the Caribbean was the only one of these regions to enter recession in 2009, due to the outsized importance of the United States as a partner in trade and finance for the region.

The survey focused on the South Africa

Questions were asked on apartheid, U.S. foreign policy toward South Africa, economic sanctions of South Africa, Moral Majority leader Jerry Falwell, Bishop Desmond Tutu, Mikhail Gorbachev, business climate, possible recession, problem of AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome), leaks that occur in chemical plants, Greenpeace, affirmative action, competition from Japanese, and past voting behavior.

In 2019/2020, the consumption of processed maize in South Africa was approximately 5.2 million metric tons, which was an increase of roughly1.6 percent compared to 2018/2019. The largest increase in consumption can be observed between 2007/2008 and 2008/2009, where the consumption increased by approximately 18 percent reaching 4.5 million metric tons. This can possibly be linked to the global recession, which had a negative impact on the South African economy but led to an increase in the local demand for maize. Recently maize consumption has been gradually and steadily increasing.

The South Africa Commercial Real Estate Market Report is Segmented by Property Type (Offices, Retail, Logistics, Others), by Business Model (Sales, Rental), by End-User (Individuals/Households, Corporates & SMEs, Others), and by Geography (Johannesburg, Cape Town, Durban, Port Elizabeth/Gqeberha, Rest of South Africa). The Market Forecasts are Provided in Terms of Value (USD).

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Community Banking Market Size 2025-2029

The community banking market size is forecast to increase by USD 253 billion at a CAGR of 5.8% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is experiencing significant shifts driven by the increasing adoption of microlending in developing nations and the rising preference for digital platforms. The microlending, a segment of community banking, is gaining traction in developing economies due to its ability to provide small loans to individuals and small businesses who lack access to traditional banking services. This trend is expected to continue, fueled by the growing financial inclusion efforts and increasing economic activity in these regions. Simultaneously, the community banking sector is witnessing a surge in the adoption of digital platforms.
The digital community banking services, such as mobile banking and online lending, are becoming increasingly popular due to their convenience and accessibility. This trend is particularly noticeable among younger demographics, who are more likely to use digital channels for banking. However, the market also faces challenges. One of the most significant obstacles is the lack of awareness about community banking services. Many potential customers, particularly in rural and underserved areas, are unaware of the benefits and availability of community banking services. Addressing this challenge will require targeted marketing efforts and community outreach programs.

What will be the Size of the Community Banking Market during the forecast period?

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The market continues to evolve, with advanced technology playing a pivotal role in shaping the landscape. Financial institutions, both large and small, are integrating microfinance, mobile banking, and remote deposit capture to cater to diverse customer needs. In the micropolitan areas, community banks have gained prominence, offering personalized services to rural and agricultural sectors. The economic recession led to a surge in digital adoption, with mobile banking becoming increasingly popular. However, the competition remains fierce, with big banks also investing heavily in technology to retain their customer base. The ongoing market dynamics underscore the need for continuous innovation and adaptation to stay competitive.
Community banks, with their focus on local markets and relationships, are well-positioned to leverage these trends and offer competitive rates and fees to attract and retain customers. The integration of advanced technology enables seamless transactions and enhanced customer experience, further bolstering their position in the market. The future of community banking lies in its ability to balance tradition and innovation, offering personalized services while embracing digital transformation.

How is this Community Banking Industry segmented?

The community banking industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Area

  Metropolitan
  Rural and micropolitan


Sector

  Small business
  CRE
  Agriculture


Service Type

  Retail banking
  Commercial banking
  Wealth management and financial advisory
  Others


Delivery Model

  Branch Banking
  Online Banking
  Mobile Banking


Institution Type

  Credit Unions
  Local Banks


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada
    Mexico


  Europe

    France
    Germany
    UK


  Middle East and Africa

    UAE


  APAC

    Australia
    China
    India
    Japan
    South Korea


  South America

    Brazil


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Area Insights

The metropolitan segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

In the dynamic world of financial services, community banks in the US continue to gain traction among consumers, particularly in rural and micropolitan areas where Big Banks may have a limited presence. While Big Banks dominate the market with their vast resources and broad reach, Community FIs cater to the unique needs of their local clientele. With the rise of advanced technology, Community banks have embraced digital banking solutions, including Internet banking, mobile banking, and remote deposit capture. Small businesses and agricultural sectors, integral to rural economies, benefit significantly from Community banks' personalized services and expertise. Despite the economic recession, these institutions have managed to maintain deposits through their strong relationships with customers.

Microlending, a niche offering, further distinguishes Community banks from their larger counterparts. Rates and fees remain crucial factors for customers, especially in a competitive market. Community banks often offer more competitive rates and lower fees compared to Big Banks, making t

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the BRICS countries have been considered the five foremost developing economies in the world. Originally, the term BRIC was used by economists when talking about the emerging economies of Brazil, Russia, India, and China, however these countries have held annual summits since 2009, and the group has expanded to include South Africa since 2010. China has the largest GDP of the BRICS country, at 16.86 trillion U.S. dollars in 2021, while the others are all below three trillion. Combined, the BRICS bloc has a GDP over 25.85 trillion U.S. dollars in 2022, which is slightly more than the United States. BRICS economic development China has consistently been the largest economy of this bloc, and its rapid growth has seen it become the second largest economy in the world, behind the U.S.. China's growth has also been much faster than the other BRICS countries; for example, when compared with the second largest BRICS economy, its GDP was less than double the size of Brazil's in 2000, but is almost six times larger than India's in 2021. Since 2000, the country with the second largest GDP has fluctuated between Brazil, Russia, and India, due to a variety of factors, although India has held this position since 2015 (when the other two experienced recession), and it's growth rate is on track to surpass China's in the coming decade. South Africa has consistently had the smallest economy of the BRICS bloc, and it has just the third largest economy in Africa; its inclusion in this group is due to the fact that it is the most advanced and stable major economy in Africa, and it holds strategic importance due to the financial potential of the continent in the coming decades. Future developments It is predicted that China's GDP will overtake that of the U.S. by the end of the 2020s, to become the largest economy in the world, while some also estimate that India will also overtake the U.S. around the middle of the century. Additionally, the BRICS group is more than just an economic or trading bloc, and its New Development Bank was established in 2014 to invest in sustainable infrastructure and renewable energy across the globe. While relations between its members were often strained or of less significance in the 20th century, their current initiatives have given them a much greater international influence. The traditional great powers represented in the Group of Seven (G7) have seen their international power wane in recent decades, while BRICS countries have seen theirs grow, especially on a regional level. Today, the original BRIC countries combine with the Group of Seven (G7), to make up 11 of the world's 12 largest economies, but it is predicted that they will move further up on this list in the coming decades.

The South African advertising industry is projected to grow from **** billion U.S. dollars in 2011 to **** billion U.S. dollars by 2023, owing to factors such as the growing number of advertising agencies, increased advertising spend by enterprises and the growth in digital and mobile advertising. Although TV and video was the largest medium in 2019, internet advertising is expected to account for the major share in the medium term, owing to growing internet penetration and the increasing number of mobile internet users. In fact, mobile advertising revenue is projected to grow over two-fold between 2018-2023. In terms of ad spend, Shoprite Holdings is the highest spender, with a total spend of nearly **** billion South African rand in 2017-18. Clientele Life, followed by Unilever South Africa, Outsurance Insurance and Coca Cola South Africa follow suit respectively. The Omnicom media group is the leading advertising agency, having garnered *** million U.S. dollars in 2017, followed by the Media shop and Mindshare. Advertising industry likely to experience recession in the short term Industry experts predict that a recession in the advertising sector is highly probable as enterprises all over the world are reducing their ad spend and postponing ad campaigns, owing to Covid-19. According to data from the World Federation of Advertisers, nearly ** percent of large advertisers are deferring planned ad campaigns, including Coca Cola, Unilever, Visa and Airbnb.

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Modular Data Centers Market Size 2024-2028

The global modular data centers market size is forecast to increase by USD 42.56 billion, at a CAGR of 19.8% between 2023 and 2028. The need to streamline traditional data centers is a major factor fueling market growth. Today, companies running single conventional data centers grapple with complex management and soaring capital costs due to sophisticated power and cooling systems. With the current economic recession, businesses are increasingly seeking cost-effective and scalable solutions. Modular data centers, with their standardized, portable designs, provide an ideal alternative that can be quickly deployed. Mobile network operators and colocation providers are among the leading users of these solutions. These modular setups are more environmentally friendly, thanks to their energy-efficient HVAC systems and IT equipment. As big data, AI, cloud computing, 5G, and IoT applications require higher operating temperatures, the flexibility and scalability of modular designs become even more crucial.

What will be the Size of the Market During the Forecast Period?

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Market Segmentation

By End-user

IT and Telecom is the Leading Segment to Dominate the Market

The IT and telecom segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. In the global market, Modular Data Centers hold a significant share, particularly in the IT and telecom sector. These centers are essential for providing the required computing power and storage for various applications and services in the industry. With the rise of cloud computing, the demand for data centers has escalated, as businesses seek to access resources without substantial capital expenditure. The IT and telecom segment was the largest and was valued at USD 4.02 billion in 2018. The influx of data from businesses and individuals necessitates data centers capable of handling vast amounts of information. Recession or not, Modular Data Centers offer scalability and rapid deployment, making them attractive to mobile network providers and data center colocation providers. Green data centers, with their standard design and cooling systems, are increasingly popular due to their energy efficiency. Big data, AI, cloud computing, 5G infrastructure, Internet of things, and cloud-based solutions are driving the market's growth.

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North America Holds a Prominent Position in the Market

North America is estimated to contribute 30% to the growth of the global market during the forecast period. Technavio's analysts have elaborately explained the regional trends and drivers that shape the market during the forecast period. The Edge computing trend is driving the growth of the market in the US and Canada, particularly in the BFSI industry. Large enterprises are shifting towards energy-efficient data centers to minimize costs and CAPEX, opting for cloud solutions from hyperscale providers like AWS, Microsoft, and Oracle. As of 2021, the US hosts over 2,670 data centers, making it the global leader. Quicksilver Capital and the World Economic Forum highlight the importance of digital transformation in this context. These offer Scalable data centers for large enterprises, enabling them to meet their computing capacity requirements efficiently.

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Market Dynamics and Customer Landscape

They have emerged as a popular solution for businesses seeking scalability and rapid deployment during times of economic uncertainty, such as a recession. These data centers utilize a modular design, allowing for easy expansion and contraction based on demand. Green data centers, which prioritize energy efficiency, are a key focus in the modular data center market. Mobile network providers and large enterprises are major consumers, as they require cloud-based networking and 5G infrastructure to support digital transformation initiatives. The solutions sub-segment and services segment of the modular data center market are expected to grow significantly, as businesses increasingly turn to cloud-based solutions for their data storage and processing needs. The World Economic Forum has the importance of energy-efficient data centers in reducing carbon emissions and mitigating the environmental impact of digitalization. Quicksilver Capital and other investors have shown interest in the modular data center market, recognizing its potential for innovation and growth. Overall, the modular data center market is poised for expansion, driven by the need for scalable, energy-efficient, and quickly deployable solutions.

Key Market Driver

Requirement to reduce complexity of traditional data centers is notably driving market growth. In today's business landscape, enterprises operating a single traditional data center face increasing complexi