This file contains the digital vector boundaries for Counties and Unitary Authorities in the United Kingdom, as at December 2019. The boundaries available are: (BUC) Ultra Generalised (500m) - clipped to the coastline (Mean High Water mark). Contains both Ordnance Survey and ONS Intellectual Property Rights. Download File SizesUltra Generalised (500m) - clipped to the coastline (200 KB)Units for the following fields:St_length = metresSt_area = metres2REST URL of ArcGIS for INSPIRE View Service https://ons-inspire.esriuk.com/arcgis/rest/services/Administrative_Boundaries/Counties_and_Unitary_Authorities_December_2019_Boundaries_UK_BUC2/MapServer/exts/InspireView REST URL of ArcGIS for INSPIRE Feature Download Service https://ons-inspire.esriuk.com/arcgis/rest/services/Administrative_Boundaries/Counties_and_Unitary_Authorities_December_2019_Boundaries_UK_BUC2/MapServer/exts/InspireFeatureDownload REST URL of Feature Access Service https://ons-inspire.esriuk.com/arcgis/rest/services/Administrative_Boundaries/Counties_and_Unitary_Authorities_December_2019_Boundaries_UK_BUC2/FeatureServer

The Crop Map of England (CROME) is a polygon vector dataset mainly containing the crop types of England. The dataset contains approximately 32 million hexagonal cells classifying England into over 50 main crop types, grassland, and non-agricultural land covers, such as Trees, Water Bodies, Fallow Land and other non-agricultural land covers. The classification was created automatically using supervised classification (Random Forest Classification) from the combination of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 images during the period late January 2017 – August 2017. The dataset was created to aid the classification of crop types from optical imagery, which can be affected by cloud cover. The results were checked against survey data collected by field inspectors and visually validated. Refer to the CROME specification document.

In 2024, over nine million people lived in Greater London, making it the most populated ceremonial county in England. The West Midlands Metropolitan County, which contains the large city of Birmingham, was the second-largest county at just over 3.03 million, closely followed by Greater Manchester at three million, and then West Yorkshire with a population of 2.4 million. Kent, Essex, and Hampshire were the three next-largest counties in terms of population, each with just over 1.9 million people. A patchwork of regions England is just one of the four countries that compose the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, with England, Scotland and Wales making up Great Britain. England is therefore not to be confused with Great Britain or the United Kingdom as a whole. Within England, the next subdivisions are the nine regions of England, containing various smaller units such as unitary authorities, metropolitan counties and non-metropolitan districts. The counties in this statistic, however, are based on the ceremonial counties of England as defined by the Lieutenancies Act of 1997. Regions of Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland Like England, the other countries of the United Kingdom have their own regional subdivisions, although with some different terminology. Scotland’s subdivisions are council areas, while Wales has unitary authorities, and Northern Ireland has local government districts. As of 2024, the most-populated Scottish council area was Glasgow City, with over 650,000 inhabitants. In Wales, Cardiff had the largest population among its unitary authorities, and in Northern Ireland, Belfast was the local government area with the most people living there.

A PDF map that shows the local authority districts, counties and unitary authorities in the United Kingdom as at April 2023. The map has been created to show the United Kingdom from country level down to local authority district level. (File Size - 1,909 KB)

The population of the United Kingdom in 2024 was estimated to be approximately 69.3 million, with over 9.6 million people living in South East England. London had the next highest population, at almost 9.1 million people, followed by the North West England at 7.7 million. With the UK's population generally concentrated in England, most English regions have larger populations than the constituent countries of Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland, which had populations of 5.5 million, 3.2 million, and 1.9 million respectively. English counties and cities The United Kingdom is a patchwork of various regional units, within England the largest of these are the regions shown here, which show how London, along with the rest of South East England had around 18 million people living there in this year. The next significant regional units in England are the 47 metropolitan and ceremonial counties. After London, the metropolitan counties of the West Midlands, Greater Manchester, and West Yorkshire were the biggest of these counties, due to covering the large urban areas of Birmingham, Manchester, and Leeds respectively. Regional divisions in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland The smaller countries that comprise the United Kingdom each have different local subdivisions. Within Scotland these are called council areas, whereas in Wales the main regional units are called unitary authorities. Scotland's largest Council Area by population is that of Glasgow City at over 650,000, while in Wales, it was the Cardiff Unitary Authority at around 384,000. Northern Ireland, on the other hand, has eleven local government districts, the largest of which is Belfast with a population of approxiamtely 352,000.

This dataset provides the measurements of raw water storage levels in reservoirs crucial for public water supply, The reservoirs included in this dataset are natural bodies of water that have been dammed to store untreated water. This dataset must not be used to determine the implementation of low supply or high supply measures such as hose pipe bans being put in place or removed. Please await guidance from your water supplier regarding any changes required to your usage of water. Particularly high or low reservoir levels may be considered normal or as expected given the season or recent weather. This dataset does not remove the requirement for visual checks on reservoir levels that are in place for caving/pot holing safety. Some water companies calculate the capacity of reservoirs differently than others. The capacity can mean the usable volume of the reservoir or the overall volume that can be held in the reservoir including water below the water table. Note: Only Current_Percentage is available in this dataset, capacity and levels fields are null.

Data OriginThe dataset provided by Ofwat is rooted in legal records. The dataset is digitised from the official appointments of companies as water and sewage undertakers, which include legally binding documents and maps. These documents establish the specific geographic areas each water company is responsible for. The dataset was sourced from Constituency information: Water companiesData TriageAnonymisation is not required for this dataset, since the data is publicly available and focuses on geographical boundaries of water companies rather than individual or sensitive information. The shapefile serves a specific purpose related to geospatial analysis and regulatory compliance, offering transparent information about the service areas of different water companies as designated by Ofwat.Further ReadingBelow is a curated selection of links for additional reading, which provide a deeper understanding of the water company boundaries datasetOfwat (The Water Services Regulation Authority): As the regulatory body for water and wastewater services in England and Wales, Ofwat's website is a primary source for detailed information about the water industry, including company boundaries.Data.gov.uk: This site provides access to national datasets, including the Water Resource Zone GIS Data (WRMP19), which covers all water resource zones in England. This dataset is crucial for understanding geographical boundaries related to water management.Water UK: As a trade body representing UK water and wastewater service providers, Water UK's website offers insights into the industry's workings, including aspects related to geographical boundaries.Specifications and CaveatsWhen compiling the dataset, the following specifications and caveats were made:This shapefile is intended solely for geospatial analysis. The authoritative legal delineation of areas is maintained in the maps and additional details specified in the official appointments of companies as water and/or sewerage undertakers, along with any alterations to their areas.The shapefile does not encompass data on any structures or properties that, despite being outside the designated boundary, are included in the area, or those within the boundary yet excluded from the area.In terms of geospatial analysis and visual representation, the Mean High Water Line has been utilized to define any boundary extending into the sea, though it's more probable that the actual boundary aligns with the low water mark. Furthermore, islands that are incorporated into the area might not be included in this representation.Ofwat’s data was last updated on 25th May 2022Contact Details If you have a query about this dataset, please email foi@ofwat.gov.uk

According to the 2021 Census, London was the most ethnically diverse region in England and Wales – 63.2% of residents identified with an ethnic minority group.

The water company boundaries in the UK, as defined by Ofwat, are based on detailed geographical boundary data. These boundaries outline the specific areas served by various water and wastewater companies. This data, digitised from legal records, is a collaborative effort between Ofwat and the Ordnance Survey, ensuring accuracy and compliance with legal delineations. The key companies operating within these boundaries include Anglian Water, Dŵr Cymru, Northumbrian Water, Severn Trent Water, South West Water, Southern Water, Thames Water, United Utilities Water, Wessex Water, and Yorkshire Water, along with water-only companies like Affinity Water, Portsmouth Water, South East Water, South Staffs Water, and SES Water. It's important to note that this data was last updated in May 2022, providing a recent snapshot of the service areas. Ofwat's maps, reflecting these boundaries, offer a clear visualization of which company is responsible for water supply and sewerage services in each area across England and Wales.

This 1 km resolution 41-class land cover classification map of South America was produced from 1-15 km National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data over the time period 1987 through 1991.

These data were originally acquired from Woods Hole Research Center ("http://terra.whrc.org/science/tropfor/setLBA.htm") and were modified as described in documentation provided when data are ordered from EOS-WEBSTER.

Digital images of these data are also available from the EOS-WEBSTER Image Gallary. Please see the Data Tab at the following URL: "http://eos-earthdata.sr.unh.edu/". These images can be downloaded as JPEGs and used directly in a document or printed.

This dataset exceeds the size and feature limits of the Shapefile format, so is unavailable on the Natural England Open Data Geoportal in that format. Please select ESRI File Geodatabase or another format to download. The Priority Habitat Inventory is a spatial dataset that maps priority habitats identified in the UK Biodiversity Action Plan and listed as being of principal importance for the purpose of conserving or enhancing biodiversity, under Section 41 of the Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act (2006).Habitats mapped in the PHIThe PHI currently maps 27 terrestrial and freshwater priority habitats across England. Priority Habitat NameHabCodeBlanket bogBLBOGCalaminarian grasslandCALAMCoastal & floodplain grazing marshCFPGMCoastal saltmarshSALTMCoastal sand dunesCSDUNCoastal vegetated shingleCVSHIDeciduous woodlandDWOODLimestone pavementsLPAVELowland calcareous grasslandLCGRALowland dry acid grasslandLDAGRLowland fensLFENSLowland heathlandLHEATLowland meadowsLMEADLowland raised bogLRBOGMaritime cliff & slopeMCSLPMountain heath & willow scrubMHWSCMudflatsMUDFLPurple moor grass & rush pasturesPMGRPReedbedsRBEDSSaline lagoonsSLAGOTraditional orchardsTORCHUpland calcareous grasslandUCGRAUpland hay meadowsUHMEAUpland heathlandUHEATUpland flushes, fens & swampsUFFSWLakesLAKESPondsPONDSNon Priority Habitats mapped in the PHIThe PHI also includes four habitat classes which are not priority habitats, but which hold potential importance for conservation of biodiversity in England. These can indicate a mosaic of habitat which may contain priority habitats, have restoration potential and/or contribute to ecological networks. Where evidence indicates the presence of unmapped or fragmented priority habitats within such polygons, these are attributed as additional habitats. Non-Priority Habitat NameHabCodeDescriptionFragmented heathFHEATThis refers to areas of degraded and relict upland heathland, typically in a mosaic with acid grassland that fails to meet the Upland Heathland priority habitat definition.Grass moorlandGMOORThis includes large areas of upland grassland, which may contain mosaics of priority habitat, but tends to be species-poor, grass dominated acid grassland above the moorland line.Good quality semi-improved grasslandGQSIGThis includes grasslands with biodiversity value that do not meet priority grassland habitat definitions.No main habitatNMHABIn some cases, a priority habitat may be present within a polygon, but its extent may be less than the minimum mapping unit, or it may not be accurately mappable. Feature Descriptions and CodesFor some polygons the PHI contains additional information about the main habitats in the form of feature descriptions and corresponding feature codes. These are new fields to the PHI and currently only sparsely populated. We expect the use of these fields to expand over coming updates with new features and codes. Feature DescriptionFeature CodePriority ponds and lakesOligotrophic lakesOLIGODystrophic lakesDYSTRMesotrophic lakesMESOTEutrophic standing watersEUTROIce age pondICEAGPond with floating matsPWFLMDeciduous woodlandUpland oakwoodUPOWDLowland beech and yew woodlandLBYWDUpland mixed ashwoodsUMAWDWet woodlandWETWDLowland mixed deciduous woodlandLMDWDUpland birchwoodsUPBWDAncient semi natural woodlandASNWDPlantations on ancient woodlandPAWDSGrasslandCountryside Stewardship OptionCSOPTWaxcap grasslandWAXCPHeathlandDry heathlandDRYHLWet heathlandWETHLCoastal sand dunesDunes under coniferous woodlandCWDUNDunes under deciduous woodlandDWDUNGeneralDegradedDEGRDSpatial framework: Wherever possible habitats are mapped to polygons in OS Mastermap. These polygons are merged or split where necessary to create resulting habitat patches.Coverage: EnglandUpdate Frequency: The PHI is updated twice a year.Metadata: Full metadata can be viewed on data.gov.uk.Uses include: National planning and targeting for nature recovery; agri-environment scheme targeting; local development planning; Local Nature Recovery Strategies.Contact: If you have any questions or feedback regarding the Priority Habitats’ Inventory, please contact the Habitats’ Inventory Project Team at the following email address.HabitatInventories@naturalengland.org.uk Attributes AliasField nameExample ValueDescriptionMain habitatsMainHabsLowland dry acid grassland, Lowland heathlandName(s) of habitat(s) present in the polygon.Habitat codesHabCodesLDAGR, LHEATList of codes(s) representing main habitat(s) present in the polygon.Habitat feature descriptionsFeatDescDry heathlandAdditional information about the nature of the habitat or features present.Habitat feature codesFeatCodesDRYHLList of code(s) corresponding to the habitat feature descriptions.Other habitat classificationsOtherClassPhase1(D5)Additional habitat classification information relating to main habitats.Additional habitats presentAddHabsGQSIG, LFENSList of code(s) for additional habitats that may be present within the polygon.Primary data sourcesPrimSourceNatural England's SSSI database ENSIS (LDAGR), Northumberland County Council Phase 1 Survey 2003 (LHEAT)List of primary sources for the main habitats present in the polygon, with corresponding HabCode in brackets.Area in hectaresAreaHa0.14Polygon area in hectares rounded to one decimal place.Publication versionVersionJuly_24Date of publication for the current PHI update: Month_Year.Unique IDUIDPHIDXXXXXXXXXX _YYYYYYYYYYYUnique ID for the polygon based on XY location coordinates.

Two datasets provide geographic, land use and population data for US Counties within the contiguous US. Land area, water area, cropland area, farmland area, pastureland area and idle cropland area are given along with latitude and longitude of the county centroid and the county population. Variables in this dataset come from the US Dept. of Agriculture (USDA) Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) and the US Census Bureau.

EOS-WEBSTER provides seven datasets which provide county-level data on agricultural management, crop production, livestock, soil properties, geography and population. These datasets were assembled during the mid-1990's to provide driving variables for an assessment of greenhouse gas production from US agriculture using the DNDC agro-ecosystem model [see, for example, Li et al. (1992), J. Geophys. Res., 97:9759-9776; Li et al. (1996) Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 10:297-306]. The data (except nitrogen fertilizer use) were all derived from publicly available, national databases. Each dataset has a separate DIF.

The US County data has been divided into seven datasets.

US County Data Datasets:

1) Agricultural Management 2) Crop Data (NASS Crop data) 3) Crop Summary (NASS Crop data) 4) Geography and Population 5) Land Use 6) Livestock Populations 7) Soil Properties

This dataset defines the boundaries of twelve Nature Recovery Projects forming a key part of the 25 Year Environment Plan’s commitment to deliver the Nature Recovery Network (NRN). The twelve projects included in this dataset are: East of Eden, Purple Horizons, Somerset Coast Levels and Moors, G7 Legacy, Wye Valley, Wendling Beck, Lost Wetlands, Heathland Connections, Bradford & South Pennines, Seaford to Eastbourne: Drink-in the Downs, Tees Estuary Recovering Nature (TERN), Cambridge Nature Network. The boundary for the Lost Wetlands Project has not yet been confirmed and is subject to change.The Nature Recovery Projects form a key part of the 25 Year Environment Plan’s commitment to deliver the Nature Recovery Network (NRN). They aim to follow Lawton principles to create more, bigger, better and, crucially, connected, sustained and functional wildlife-rich places. Places that counter biodiversity loss, adapt to climate change and support the needs of local communities. They will provide natural solutions to reduce carbon emissions, enhance our landscapes and cultural heritage, manage flood risk and enable  people to enjoy and connect with nature where they live, work and play – benefiting health and wellbeing. This dataset shows the location and boundaries of Nature Recovery Projects throughout England. The main outline of each one was provided by the project lead, and in some cases these were refined by following geographic or administrative boundairies as listed below: OS Open rivers (OGL), AONBs (OGL), County Boundaries (OGL), OS Open Roads (OGL), SSSIs (OGL), Environmentally Sensitive Areas (OGL), Flood Risk Zone 3 (OGL), NNRs (OGL), Marine Conservation Zone (OGL).Full metadata can be viewed on data.gov.uk.

Abstract:

This is a spatial dataset that predicts the distribution of broad-scale marine habitats (EUNIS Level 3 classification) within across the Holderness coast nearshore region, produced through the interpretation of geophysical datasets combined with existing benthic sample data.

Why is it important that NE publishes this data?:

The Holderness coast is a unique and diverse marine ecosystem, but it is sensitive to increasing infrastructure and development applications in the region. This broad-scale habitat map is an important addition to Natural England's evidence base and will help to guide our advice on marine and coastal development in the area. advice. It also likely to be a useful resource for developers during the planning process, particularly to guide where further survey efforts should be targeted, and may too be of interest to any other stakeholders working along the Holderness coast.

Extent:

Yorkshire Coast: The nearshore area between Spurn Point and the area South of Flamborough Head, encompassing Smithic Sands and Holderness Inshore Marine Conservation Zone (MCZ), and parts of Flamborough and Filey Coast Special Protection Area (SPA), Flamborough Head Special Area of Conservation (SAC) and the Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) and Humber Estuary SAC, SPA and SSSI

[From The Landmap Project: Introduction, "http://www.landmap.ac.uk/background/intro.html"]

 A joint project to provide orthorectified satellite image mosaics of Landsat,
 SPOT and ERS radar data and a high resolution Digital Elevation Model for the
 whole of the UK. These data will be in a form which can easily be merged with
 other data, such as road networks, so that any user can quickly produce a
 precise map of their area of interest.

 Predominately aimed at the UK academic and educational sectors these data and
 software are held online at the Manchester University super computer facility
 where users can either process the data remotely or download it to their local
 network.

 Please follow the links to the left for more information about the project or
 how to obtain data or access to the radar processing system at MIMAS. Please
 also refer to the MIMAS spatial-side website,
 "http://www.mimas.ac.uk/spatial/", for related remote sensing materials.

This is the ONS Postcode Directory (ONSPD) for the United Kingdom as at February 2024 in Comma Separated Variable (CSV) and ASCII text (TXT) formats. This file contains the multi CSVs so that postcode areas can be opened in MS Excel. To download the zip file click the Download button. The ONSPD relates both current and terminated postcodes in the United Kingdom to a range of current statutory administrative, electoral, health and other area geographies. It also links postcodes to pre-2002 health areas, 1991 Census enumeration districts for England and Wales, 2001 Census Output Areas (OA) and Super Output Areas (SOA) for England and Wales, 2001 Census OAs and SOAs for Northern Ireland and 2001 Census OAs and Data Zones (DZ) for Scotland. It now contains 2021 Census OAs and SOAs for England, Wales and Northern Ireland. It helps support the production of area-based statistics from postcoded data. The ONSPD is produced by ONS Geography, who provide geographic support to the Office for National Statistics (ONS) and geographic services used by other organisations. The ONSPD is issued quarterly. (File size - 231 MB) Please note that this product contains Royal Mail, Gridlink, LPS (Northern Ireland), Ordnance Survey and ONS Intellectual Property Rights.

This is a PDF format map of the country, as released by the United Nations.

A lookup between wards, local authority districts (LAD), counties, regions and countries as at 31 December 2017 in the UK v2. (File Size - 3 MB) Field Names - WD17CD, WD17NM, WD17NMW, LAD17CD, LAD17NM, CTY17CD, CTY17NM, GOR10CD, GOR10NM, CTRY17CD, CTRY17NMField Types - Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, Text, TextField Lengths - 9, 56, 45, 9, 36, 9, 16, 9, 24, 9, 17File amended to include Cherwell local authority in Oxfordshire county and South East region.REST URL of Feature Access Service – https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/WD17_LAD17_CTY17_OTH_UK_LUv2_c8956eca906348fd9e3bb1f6af54f2ce/FeatureServer

The data set consists of 1:25,000 topographic maps covering Lutzow-Holm Bukt coast and major bare rock areas and inland mountains. The contour interval is 10 m. Maps of Lutzow-Holm Bukt coast were published in 1965 - 1986, and those of Prince Olav coast in 1974 - 1985. Total number of map sheets for these areas is 61. Maps of Yamato Mountains were published in 1980 with 11 sheets. All maps have been digitized into raster data and are available with TIFF format.

The landscape Change Program is an archive of paired historic and recent photos of Vermont landscapes. The program is funded by the National Science Foundation to digitally document how the Vermont landscape has changed over time.

The landscape of Vermont has changed considerably since it first emerged from the ocean during the collision of huge tectonic plates. For a time, geologically speaking, sediments that became Vermont had been in a warm tropical sea at the equator. Slowly they had moved north. Mountains were born and began to erode. Massive glaciers more than a kilometer thick blanketed Vermont. Soon after the glaciers left, Native Americans inhabited the area. Colonial settlers moved in, clearing the land and leaving just a quarter of the total area forested, making way for agriculture, then sheep, then dairy. Hundreds of hill farms sprang up and many were later abandoned as western soils called. Now the Vermont landscape is mostly forested and yet increasingly developed. The face of Vermont has changed dramatically over time. The shared appreciation and acknowledgement of this rich landscape history is the goal of this project.

[Summary provided by the University of Vermont.]