Interactive chart of the S&P 500 stock market index since 1927. Historical data is inflation-adjusted using the headline CPI and each data point represents the month-end closing value. The current month is updated on an hourly basis with today's latest value.

View data of the S&P 500, an index of the stocks of 500 leading companies in the US economy, which provides a gauge of the U.S. equity market.

The Standard & Poor’s (S&P) 500 Index is an index of 500 leading publicly traded companies in the United States. In 2021, the index value closed at ******** points, which was the second highest value on record despite the economic effects of the global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. In 2023, the index values closed at ********, the highest value ever recorded. What is the S&P 500? The S&P 500 was established in 1860 and expanded to its present form of 500 stocks in 1957. It tracks the price of stocks on the major stock exchanges in the United States, distilling their performance down to a single number that investors can use as a snapshot of the economy’s performance at a given moment. This snapshot can be explored further. For example, the index can be examined by industry sector, which gives a more detailed illustration of the economy. Other measures Being a stock market index, the S&P 500 only measures equities performance. In addition to other stock market indices, analysts will look to other indicators such as GDP growth, unemployment rates, and projected inflation. Similarly, since these indicators say something about the economic future, stock market investors will use these indicators to speculate on the stocks in the S&P 500.

S&P 500 index data including level, dividend, earnings and P/E ratio on a monthly basis since 1870. The S&P 500 (Standard and Poor's 500) is a free-float, capitalization-weighted index of the top ...

The main stock market index of United States, the US500, rose to 6271 points on July 14, 2025, gaining 0.19% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has climbed 3.94% and is up 11.36% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from United States. United States Stock Market Index - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for CBOE S&P 500 3-Month Volatility Index (VXVCLS) from 2007-12-04 to 2025-07-11 about VIX, volatility, 3-month, stock market, and USA.

Throughout the 1920s, prices on the U.S. stock exchange rose exponentially, however, by the end of the decade, uncontrolled growth and a stock market propped up by speculation and borrowed money proved unsustainable, resulting in the Wall Street Crash of October 1929. This set a chain of events in motion that led to economic collapse - banks demanded repayment of debts, the property market crashed, and people stopped spending as unemployment rose. Within a year the country was in the midst of an economic depression, and the economy continued on a downward trend until late-1932.

It was during this time where Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) was elected president, and he assumed office in March 1933 - through a series of economic reforms and New Deal policies, the economy began to recover. Stock prices fluctuated at more sustainable levels over the next decades, and developments were in line with overall economic development, rather than the uncontrolled growth seen in the 1920s. Overall, it took over 25 years for the Dow Jones value to reach its pre-Crash peak.

Interactive historical chart showing the daily level of the CBOE VIX Volatility Index back to 1990. The VIX index measures the expectation of stock market volatility over the next 30 days implied by S&P 500 index options.

The annual returns of the Nasdaq 100 Index from 1986 to 2024. fluctuated significantly throughout the period considered. The Nasdaq 100 index saw its lowest performance in 2008, with a return rate of ****** percent, while the largest returns were registered in 1999, at ****** percent. As of June 11, 2024, the rate of return of Nasdaq 100 Index stood at ** percent. The Nasdaq 100 is a stock market index comprised of the 100 largest and most actively traded non-financial companies listed on the Nasdaq stock exchange. How has the Nasdaq 100 evolved over years? The Nasdaq 100, which was previously heavily influenced by tech companies during the dot-com boom, has undergone significant diversification. Today, it represents a broader range of high-growth, non-financial companies across sectors like consumer services and healthcare, reflecting the evolving landscape of the global economy. The annual development of the Nasdaq 100 recently has generally been positive, except for 2022, when the NASDAQ experienced a decline due to worries about escalating inflation, interest rates, and regulatory challenges. What are the leading companies on Nasdaq 100? In August 2023, ***** was the largest company on the Nasdaq 100, with a market capitalization of **** trillion euros. Also, ****************************************** were among the five leading companies included in the index. Market capitalization is one of the most common ways of measuring how big a company is in the financial markets. It is calculated by multiplying the total number of outstanding shares by the current market price.

Graph and download economic data for CBOE Volatility Index: VIX (VIXCLS) from 1990-01-02 to 2025-07-14 about VIX, volatility, stock market, and USA.

Access historical and point-in-time financial statements, ratios, multiples, and press releases, with LSEG's S&P Compustat Database.

Between January 1971 and May 2025, gold had average annual returns of **** percent, which was only slightly more than the return of commodities, with an annual average of around eight percent. The annual return of gold was over ** percent in 2024. What is the total global demand for gold? The global demand for gold remains robust owing to its historical importance, financial stability, and cultural appeal. During economic uncertainty, investors look for a safe haven, while emerging markets fuel jewelry demand. A distinct contrast transpired during COVID-19, when the global demand for gold experienced a sharp decline in 2020 owing to a reduction in consumer spending. However, the subsequent years saw an increase in demand for the precious metal. How much gold is produced worldwide? The production of gold depends mainly on geological formations, market demand, and the cost of production. These factors have a significant impact on the discovery, extraction, and economic viability of gold mining operations worldwide. In 2024, the worldwide production of gold was expected to reach *** million ounces, and it is anticipated that the rate of growth will increase as exploration technologies improve, gold prices rise, and mining practices improve.

Why is the stock down here?

• EV Adoption Concerns
  • After a period of accelerating EV penetration through 2022, the adoption curve has plateaued
  • Concerns around the consumer’s appetite for BEVs and hybrids due to the EV price premium when compared to ICE vehicle alternatives
  • Election of President Trump and the end of the $7,500 EV rebate, which will potentially lead to a drop off in EV demand as seen in other countries that pulled EV subsidies
• Mix shift to local OEMs away from Multinational OEMs in the Chinese market
  • Chinese nationalism and advancement of Chinese EVs at lower prices has driven Chinese consumer demand to favor local Chinese OEMs over foreign multinational (FMN) OEMs. This headwind is not unique to APTV
  • Currently, APTV’s customer mix in China is ~55% local OEMs and ~45% FMN (FMN mix was closer to 80% 3-4 years ago). This is slightly under-indexed vs the ~65% market share local OEMs have in China
  • From a bookings standpoint for APTV, 60% - 70% of the backlog is with local Chinese OEMs, which means the local Chinese OEM mix will continue to improve going forwards. APTV is actively working with five top Chinese OEMs who are looking to set up production outside of China
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• Customer mix headwinds in the North American market
  • Affordability issues (driven by inflation and higher rates) have pushed consumers to look for cheaper cars, which are primarily produced by Japanese OEMs (J3). APTV has more CPV with the D3 American OEMs vs the J3
  • This headwind was exacerbated by the UAW strikes in 4Q23, which further reduced D3 production
  • Over the years, the D3 has shifted their production to SUVs and CUVs and have discontinued the production of smaller sedans (more affordable)
• Production cuts at 4 of the top 5 APTV OEM customers
  • Stellantis and Ford have been dealing with destocking and high inventory in the North America market
  • Tesla production will be down y-o-y for the first time
  • Volkswagen has seen weakness across Europe which pushed them to consider shutting down three factories in Germany
  • Exposure to these OEMs have been a big drag on APTV’s Growth over Market (GOM) in 2024

Thesis

• At this point, expectations for APTV are very low (trading at 9x fwd PE and 7.2x fwd EBITDA), and we think a lot of the bad news is already baked into the stock
• EV adoption should continue to increase over time and benefit APTV, which has 3x CPV on BEV and 2x on PHEVs
  • The price gap between EV and ICE will continue to narrow and EVs will become more affordable for the consumer
    • In 2022, the price gap between the average EV and average ICE was ~$17k. This gap shrunk to ~$2k as of January 2024 according to COX automotive
      • This price gap is on an overall basis. On a like for like basis, when we compare a handful of EV models with their ICE counterparts, we think the average price gap is ~$7k - $8k, which was largely covered by the EV credit. The gap is wider on lower end models and smaller with more premium models
      • Price tends to be the #1 hurdle for the average consumer to get past when considering an EV over an ICE vehicle

    • Most industry 3rd party research believes that EVs will reach price parity with ICE vehicles some time in the back half of this decade. This will be driven by lower battery costs for an EV which makes up ~40% of the total cost. Battery costs have declined significantly since 2008 and currently cost ~$115 per kwh. Costs need to come down to $100 per kwh for EVs to reach price parity. This next leg down will be driven by lower commodity costs and higher nickel content in battery chemistry
    • Several <$35K EV models are set to launch over the next 2 years
  • Consumers will demand EVs long-term, given they are (1) a higher quality/better product and (2) cheaper to operate and maintain
    • A survey of 3,897 electric car drivers has shown that 85% would never go back to petrol or diesel. The 15% of those that would go back, cite charging infrastructure as the main reason
    • Maintenance costs for EVs are much cheaper because they don’t require annual oil changes, spark plugs, engine air filter, or power steering fluid
    • The EV savings grow when you factor in the gas prices. EVs save an extra ~$1,300 annually to “fill the tank”. This means there’s a 6.7 year pay back period when you purchase an EV without the tax credit
• US and Europe have put regulations and incentives in place to support the growth of EVs. OEMs have largely bought into this and made substantial investments to hit their long-term EV targets
  • New US EPA regulation approved March 2024 are a continuation of prior emissions guidelines and extends through the 2027 – 2032 model periods
    • While slightly more relaxed vs the initial proposal, the approved emissions rules contemplate scenarios where EV & PHEV penetration rates reach 69% - 72% by 2032
    • The mix between BEV and PHEV shifts in either way between the scenarios, but generally this should be viewed positively for EV adoption
  • Euro 7, approved Sept 2023 and effective July 2025, will keep Euro 6 emission regulations, particle/matter, as well as battery health
    • In 2022, the EU passed a law banning the sale of new ICE vehicles by 2035; the UK recently pushed out their target to be in-line with the EU
• Trump’s elimination of the $7,500 EV subsidy and “EV mandate” may not stop OEMs from continuing to advance EV sales
  • EV adoption is more than just consumer preferences, and is being driven by critical stakeholders including OEMs and national security concerns
    • OEMs view EVs as an existential, must-have product that is necessary to secure their competitiveness long-term. The industry is at a point where a reversal of emissions rules would be detrimental to the auto industry. An OEMs’ planning cycle is much longer compared to an election cycle and it is very difficult to flip flop. When Trump reversed Obama’s car emission standards (SAFE Vehicles Rule in 2020), the OEMs themselves asked for him to not reverse them so dramatically so that they could stay competitive
    • EVs are becoming computers on wheels and so their production within the US is viewed as a matter of national security. As a result, the US government is incentivized to keep US EV OEMs and their adoption competitive internationally
  • The state of California sets its own emissions rules, which are more stringent vs the EPA’s. 13 other states follow California’s lead and major OEMs have also agreed to follow California’s standards. April 2024, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit blocked an attempt by Ohio, Alabama, Texas and other Republican-led states to revoke California’s authority to set standards that are stricter than rules set by the federal government. Several OEMs have sided with California over this decision and recognize the state’s authority in this matter under the Clean Air Act. As a business, you can’t increase and decrease investments based on elections results, you need to invest for the future which is zero-emissions. Therefore, even if Trump reverses EPA emissions rules, California’s own standard will remain and OEMs will continue to invest in EVs across the US to scale and reach profitability
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• Today’s vehicles are increasingly adding technological content as the industry works towards full autonomous driving. APTV’s active safety business is well positioned to take advantage of this megatrend
  • The more basic systems (level 0 and level 1) have ~$300 of content while the more advanced systems (L2+) have ~$1,000. L3 systems see a big jump up to ~$3,000 driven by the need for LIDAR
    • APTV is focused on the development of L2, L2+ and L3 technologies
    • Currently, the market is just starting to commercialize L3 technology with Mercedes as the first OEM allowed to sell their L3 vehicle at retail
    • Google’s Waymo is considered level 4, but this technology is reserved for robo-taxi commercial applications. The amount of LIDAR cameras required for L4 makes the cost too expensive for passenger car consumers (Waymo pays ~$15k - $20k for the hardware they use)
  • The growth in this segment is driven by higher adoption of autonomous technology and higher content from step up in more advanced systems
    • Today, only LSD-MSD% of vehicles have L2 or greater ADAS capabilities. APTV expect this % to