In 2024, Madrid was the city with the most inhabitants in Spain. In that year, more than 3.42 million people lived in the city. Barcelona was the second-largest city with 1.69 million residents.

Madrid was the largest city in Spain in 2024, with around 3.4 million inhabitants. Barcelona followed second, with nearly 1.7 million people residing there. The most populated city in the Spanish islands that year was Palma de Mallorca.

In 1500, the largest city was Paris, with an estimated 225 thousand inhabitants, almost double the population of the second-largest city, Naples. As in 1330, Venice and Milan remain the third and fourth largest cities in Western Europe, however Genoa's population almost halved from 1330 until 1500, as it was struck heavily by the bubonic plague in the mid-1300s. In lists prior to this, the largest cities were generally in Spain and Italy, however, as time progressed, the largest populations could be found more often in Italy and France. The year 1500 is around the beginning of what we now consider modern history, a time that saw the birth of many European empires and inter-continental globalization.

Censo de Población: Population by year of arrival in Spain, year of arrival in the Autonomous Community, sex and nationality (main countries). Annual. Autonomous Communities and Cities.

The top city for startups in Spain in 2024 was Barcelona, whose score amounted to 21.98. The country's capital, Madrid, followed second, with a total score of 15.45 points.

Censo de Población: Population aged 16 and over by year of arrival in Spain, year of arrival in the municipality, sex, country of birth (Spain/foreign) and relationship with the activity (provincial capitals and main cities). Annual. Municipalities.

Madrid was the most visited city destination in Spain in 2023, having welcomed nearly 10 million overnight visitors. The Catalonian capital followed second in the ranking that year, with roughly 8.2 million tourists spending at least one night in the destination. How did Madrid rank in tourist visits and accommodation? In 2022, Madrid attracted over 4.5 million domestic and 4.6 million international tourists for stays exceeding one day, despite experiencing a more than 10 percent decrease compared to 2019 pre-pandemic levels. Furthermore, the Spanish capital has consistently ranked among the top ten European cities with the highest number of nights spent by tourists in paid accommodation, securing the 8th position that year. Which regions attracted the most international tourists? Spain's international tourism rebounded strongly from the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, surpassing 100 million visitors in 2022. Catalonia led as the most visited region, attracting over 14.9 million international tourists. The United Kingdom played a pivotal role as the primary source of international tourists, contributing over 15 million travelers, followed by France with around 10 million visitors.

Graph and download economic data for Geographical Outreach: Number of Branches in 3 Largest Cities, Excluding Headquarters, for Credit Unions and Financial Cooperatives for Spain (ESPFCBODULNUM) from 2004 to 2015 about branches, credit unions, Spain, financial, and depository institutions.

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In 2024, approximately 22.81 million people lived in the São Paulo metropolitan area, making it the biggest in Latin America and the Caribbean and the fifth most populated in the world. The homonymous state of São Paulo was also the most populous federal entity in the country. The second place for the region was Mexico City with 22.51 million inhabitants.

Brazil's cities

Brazil is home to two large metropolises, only counting the population within the city limits, São Paulo had approximately 12.4 million inhabitants, and Rio de Janeiro around 6.8 million inhabitants. It also contains a number of smaller, but well known cities such as Brasília, Salvador, Belo Horizonte and many others, which report between 2 and 3 million inhabitants each. As a result, the country's population is primarily urban, with nearly 85 percent of inhabitants living in cities.

Mexico City

Mexico City's metropolitan area ranks fifth in the ranking of most populated cities in the world. Founded over the Aztec city of Tenochtitlan in 1521 after the Spanish conquest as the capital of the Viceroyalty of New Spain, the city still stands as one of the most important in Latin America. Nevertheless, the preeminent economic, political, and cultural position of Mexico City has not prevented the metropolis from suffering the problems affecting the rest of the country, namely, inequality and violence. Only in 2021, the city registered a crime incidence of 45,336 reported cases for every 100,000 inhabitants and around 32 percent of the population lived under the poverty line.

Spain's Condominiums and Apartments Market is segmented by City (Madrid, Catalonia, Valencia, Barcelona, Malaga, and Other Cities). The report offers market size and forecasts in value (USD billion) for all the above segments.

Table of INEBase Population by year of arrival in Spain, year of arrival in the municipality, sex, age (large groups) and country of birth (Spain/foreign) (Provincial capitals and main cities). Annual. Municipalities. Censo de Población

This horizontal bar chart displays GDP (current US$) by capital city using the aggregation sum and is filtered where the country is Spain. The data is about countries per year.

Censo de Población: Population by previous residence, sex, age (big groups) and nationality (Spanish/foreign) (Provincial capitals and main cities). Annual. Municipalities.

Spain Office Real Estate Market Report is Segmented by Key Cities (Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, and Other Cities). The Report Offers Market Size and Forecasts in Value (USD) for all the Above Segments.

In 2023, Barcelona received the largest number of international tourists staying at hotel establishments in Spain, with more than 6.7 million. The Spanish capital followed, with a little almost 5.4 million foreign hotel guests.

Censo de Población: Population by gender, nationality (Spanish/foreign) and country of birth (province capitals and main cities). Annual. Municipalities.

Table of INEBase Population by year of arrival in Spain, year of arrival in the Autonomous Community, sex, age (big groups) and country of birth (Spain/foreign). Annual. Autonomous Communities and Cities. Censo de Población

Table of INEBase Current studies: Population aged 15 and over by sex, age group, place of birth (Spain/foreign) and highest level of current studies (detail) (Provincial capitals and main cities). Annual. Municipalities. Censo de Población

While Spain’s population has increased slightly since the year 2000, the share of the rural and urban populations has remained relatively constant, with Spain being a highly urban country. This consistently high urbanization is a consequence of both economic and social factors. The Spanish wealth is generated in the cities to a large extent Two thirds of Spain’s economic output, as divided across economic sectors, comes from the service sector, with only three percent originating from agriculture. Naturally, service-based economies are easiest when people live closely, while agricultural practices need more land, and thus a rural population. Of course, this also brings economic costs, such as the high living and housing costs in Madrid. What draws people into cities? Social factors also drive people to cities. For some, it is being closer to family or culture, such as art museums. For others, it is finding a large city with green spaces, like Madrid. For others, it is the opportunity to watch a game in a world-class soccer stadium, perhaps FC Barcelona. These and other factors continue to keep Spaniards in their cities.