Spain recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 101.80 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2024. This dataset provides - Spain Government Debt To GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The ratio of national debt to gross domestic product (GDP) of Spain was estimated at approximately 101.82 percent in 2024. Between 1980 and 2024, the ratio rose by around 85.71 percentage points, though the increase followed an uneven trajectory rather than a consistent upward trend. The ratio is expected to drop by about 8.85 percentage points between 2024 and 2030, showing a continuous downward movement throughout the period.The general government gross debt consists of all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest and/or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future. Here it is depicted in relation to the country's GDP, which refers to the total value of goods and services produced during a year.

Key information about Spain Government Debt: % of GDP

• Spain Government debt accounted for 104.3 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Sep 2024, compared with the ratio of 105.3 % in the previous quarter.
• Spain government debt to GDP ratio data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 1995 to Sep 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 124.2 % in Mar 2021 and a record low of 34.9 % in Mar 2008.

Banco de España provides quarterly Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP based on ESA 2010.


Related information about Spain Government Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, Spain National Government Debt reached 1,823.5 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP reached 378.4 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Spain debt to gdp ratio for 2023 was 107.26%, a 1.96% decline from 2022.

<ul style='margin-top:20px;'>

<li>Spain debt to gdp ratio for 2022 was <strong>109.22%</strong>, a <strong>23.33% decline</strong> from 2021.</li>
<li>Spain debt to gdp ratio for 2021 was <strong>132.55%</strong>, a <strong>6.41% decline</strong> from 2020.</li>
<li>Spain debt to gdp ratio for 2020 was <strong>138.96%</strong>, a <strong>27.66% increase</strong> from 2019.</li>
</ul>Debt is the entire stock of direct government fixed-term contractual obligations to others outstanding on a particular date. It includes domestic and foreign liabilities such as currency and money deposits, securities other than shares, and loans. It is the gross amount of government liabilities reduced by the amount of equity and financial derivatives held by the government. Because debt is a stock rather than a flow, it is measured as of a given date, usually the last day of the fiscal year.

Graph and download economic data for Central government debt, total (% of GDP) for Spain (DEBTTLESA188A) from 1970 to 2023 about Spain, debt, government, and GDP.

Private Debt to GDP in Spain decreased to 115.70 percent in 2023 from 129.20 percent in 2022. Spain Private Debt to GDP - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Household Debt to GDP for Spain from 1999 to 2024 about Spain, debt, households, and GDP.

Key information about Spain Household Debt: % of GDP

• Spain household debt accounted for 48.9 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Jun 2024, compared with the ratio of 48.7 % in the previous quarter.
• Spain household debt to GDP ratio is updated quarterly, available from Dec 1989 to Jun 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 89.7 % in Jun 2010 and a record low of 40.5 % in Dec 1995.

CEIC calculates quarterly Household Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Household Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. Banco de España provides Household Debt in EUR based on ESA 2010. National Statistics Institute provides Nominal GDP in EUR based on ESA 2010. Household Debt as % of Nominal GDP prior to Q4 1995 is based on ESA 1995.


Related information about Spain Household Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, Spain Household Debt reached 808.2 USD bn in Jun 2024.
• Money Supply M2 in Spain increased 5.1 % YoY in Oct 2024.
• Spain Foreign Exchange Reserves was measured at 64.2 USD bn in Nov 2024.
• The Foreign Exchange Reserves equaled 1.5 Months of Import in Oct 2024.
• Spain Domestic Credit reached 2,322.9 USD bn in Aug 2024, representing an drop of 1.6 % YoY.
• The country's Non Performing Loans Ratio stood at 3.4 % in Sep 2024, compared with the ratio of 3.4 % in the previous month.

External Debt to GDP in Spain decreased to 162 percent of GDP in the first quarter of 2025 from 163 percent of GDP in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Spain External Debt To GDP.

Key information about Spain Private Debt: % of Nominal GDP

• Spain Private Debt accounted for 71.73 % of its Nominal GDP in Dec 2024, compared with a ratio of 72.47 % in the previous quarter
• Spain Private Debt contribution to Nominal GDP ratio is updated quarterly, available from Mar 2003 to Dec 2024, with an average share of 111.03 %
• The data reached an all-time high of 166.77 % in Dec 2009 and a record low of 71.73 % in Dec 2024

CEIC calculates quarterly Private Debt as % of Nominal GDP from monthly Private Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. Banco de España provides Private Debt in EUR. National Statistics Institute provides Nominal GDP in EUR.

As of the first quarter of 2024, the public debt ratio was remarkably uneven across the different autonomous communities in Spain. The source estimated that four communities had a public debt above 30 percent of their regional GDP. The Region of Valencia was, by far, the one with the highest debt-to-GDP ratio, hovering at about 41.5 percent.

This statistic shows the percentage change on the previous year for general government consolidated gross debt as a share of gross domestic product (GDP) in Spain from 2011 to 2017. The largest change in this period occurred in 2012 when there was an increase of 14.2 percent.

In the third quarter of 2024, Greece's national debt was the highest in all the European Union, amounting to 158 percent of Greece's gross domestic product. In spite of Greece's total being high by EU standards, it marks a substantial decrease from the historical high point reached by the country's national debt of 207 percent of GDP in 2020. Italy, France, Spain, Belgium, and Portugal also all have government debt worth over one year's production of their economies, while the small Baltic country of Estonia has the smallest national debt when compared with GDP, at only 24 percent. In debitum incrementum?A country’s national debt, also known as government debt or public debt, is defined as all borrowings owed by the government of a country. It usually comprises internal debt – owed to other governmental departments – and external debt, which is held by the public and is owed to government bond owners. National debt can be caused by a struggling economy in general, or by low tax income, which usually leads to money being borrowed from other governments for support, which in turn cannot be paid back right away. At first glance, a high national debt is not always a sign of a struggling economy – but since increasing debt can slow down economic growth significantly, it is imperative for the respective government to seek a steady reduction in the long run.

Graph and download economic data for Outstanding International Private Debt Securities to GDP for Spain (DDDM05ESA156NWDB) from 1980 to 2020 about Spain, debt, securities, private, and GDP.

Households Debt in Spain decreased to 43.70 percent of GDP in the fourth quarter of 2024 from 44.10 percent of GDP in the third quarter of 2024. This dataset provides - Spain Households Debt To Gdp- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Key information about Spain External Debt: % of GDP

• Spain External Debt accounted for 163.6 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2023, compared with the ratio of 171.5 % in the previous year.
• Spain External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 1995 to Dec 2023.
• The data reached an all-time high of 198.9 % in Dec 2020 and a record low of 45.5 % in Dec 1995.

CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly External Debt and annual Nominal GDP. Banco de España provides External Debt in EUR based on BPM6 and Nominal GDP in EUR based on ESA 2010.


Related information about Spain External Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports of Spain, Current Account recorded a surplus of 6.2 USD bn in Aug 2024.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) fell by 1.2 USD bn in Apr 2023.
• Spain Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 2.4 USD bn in Aug 2024.
• Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 8.0 USD bn in Jun 2024.
• The country's External Debt reached 2,688,756.6 in Jun 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 378.4 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Spain: Government debt as percent of GDP: The latest value from 2023 is 107.7 percent, a decline from 111.6 percent in 2022. In comparison, the world average is 61.85 percent, based on data from 137 countries. Historically, the average for Spain from 1995 to 2023 is 74.81 percent. The minimum value, 35.8 percent, was reached in 2007 while the maximum of 120.3 percent was recorded in 2020.

Graph and download economic data for Outstanding Domestic Public Debt Securities to GDP for Spain (DDDM04ESA156NWDB) from 1996 to 2011 about public, Spain, debt, securities, domestic, and GDP.

This statistic shows the national debt of Spain from 2020 to 2023, with projections up until 2030. In 2023, the national debt in Spain was around 1,780.48 billion U.S. dollars. For comparison, the Greek debt amounted to approximately 401.71 billion U.S. dollars that same year. Spanish economy The Spanish economy, though in a state of turmoil, has been one of the world’s largest and most important economies. As a member of the European Union and the World Trade Organization, Spain often plays an important role in modern day economics. Spain maintains several economic strengths, some of which include a modern high-tech infrastructure as well as an abundance of exports, which rank as some of the highest in the world. Additionally, Spain’s economical sectors, principally built upon tourism and automobiles, also rank amongst some of the most significant around the globe. Tourism plays an important role in Spain’s economy, with millions of tourists visiting the plentiful amount of beaches during the summer and historical sites all year round. In the past, Spain was considered the most frequently visited country in the world, however, it fell several places in the past couple years, primarily because of the country’s ongoing economical struggles. Tourism is arguably the most significant sector in Spain, making up a large percentage of the country’s entire GDP. The Spanish automobile industry has receded for several years,but still makes notable contributions to the economy and has some of the more powerful car manufacturers in the world.

Central government debt, total (% of GDP) in Spain was reported at 107 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Spain - Central government debt, total (% of GDP) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.