Spain recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 101.80 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2024. This dataset provides - Spain Government Debt To GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The ratio of national debt to gross domestic product (GDP) of Spain was estimated at approximately 101.82 percent in 2024. Between 1980 and 2024, the ratio rose by around 85.71 percentage points, though the increase followed an uneven trajectory rather than a consistent upward trend. The ratio is expected to drop by about 8.85 percentage points between 2024 and 2030, showing a continuous downward movement throughout the period.The general government gross debt consists of all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest and/or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future. Here it is depicted in relation to the country's GDP, which refers to the total value of goods and services produced during a year.

Key information about Spain Government Debt: % of GDP

• Spain Government debt accounted for 103.4 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Jun 2025, compared with the ratio of 103.4 % in the previous quarter.
• Spain government debt to GDP ratio data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 1995 to Jun 2025.
• The data reached an all-time high of 124.2 % in Mar 2021 and a record low of 34.9 % in Mar 2008.

Banco de España provides quarterly Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP based on ESA 2010.


Related information about Spain Government Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, Spain National Government Debt reached 1,990.2 USD bn in Jun 2025.
• The country's Nominal GDP reached 494.0 USD bn in Sep 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Central government debt, total (% of GDP) for Spain (DEBTTLESA188A) from 1970 to 2023 about Spain, debt, government, and GDP.

As of the first quarter of 2024, the public debt ratio was remarkably uneven across the different autonomous communities in Spain. The source estimated that four communities had a public debt above ** percent of their regional GDP. The Region of Valencia was, by far, the one with the highest debt-to-GDP ratio, hovering at about **** percent.

Key information about Spain Private Debt: % of Nominal GDP

• Spain Private Debt accounted for 70.61 % of its Nominal GDP in Sep 2025, compared with a ratio of 72.05 % in the previous quarter
• Spain Private Debt contribution to Nominal GDP ratio is updated quarterly, available from Mar 2003 to Sep 2025, with an average share of 130.29 %
• The data reached an all-time high of 166.77 % in Dec 2009 and a record low of 70.61 % in Sep 2025

CEIC calculates quarterly Private Debt as % of Nominal GDP from monthly Private Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. Banco de España provides Private Debt in EUR. National Statistics Institute provides Nominal GDP in EUR.

Historical dataset showing Spain debt to gdp ratio by year from 1970 to 2023.

Private Debt to GDP in Spain decreased to 116.60 percent in 2024 from 121.20 percent in 2023. Spain Private Debt to GDP - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Key information about Spain External Debt: % of GDP

• Spain External Debt accounted for 163.6 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2023, compared with the ratio of 171.5 % in the previous year.
• Spain External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 1995 to Dec 2023.
• The data reached an all-time high of 198.9 % in Dec 2020 and a record low of 45.5 % in Dec 1995.

CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly External Debt and annual Nominal GDP. Banco de España provides External Debt in EUR based on BPM6 and Nominal GDP in EUR based on ESA 2010.


Related information about Spain External Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports of Spain, Current Account recorded a surplus of 6.2 USD bn in Aug 2024.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) fell by 1.2 USD bn in Apr 2023.
• Spain Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 2.4 USD bn in Aug 2024.
• Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 8.0 USD bn in Jun 2024.
• The country's External Debt reached 2,688,756.6 in Jun 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 378.4 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Households Debt in Spain decreased to 43.50 percent of GDP in the first quarter of 2025 from 43.80 percent of GDP in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset provides - Spain Households Debt To Gdp- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

In the third quarter of 2024, Greece's national debt was the highest in all the European Union, amounting to 158 percent of Greece's gross domestic product. In spite of Greece's total being high by EU standards, it marks a substantial decrease from the historical high point reached by the country's national debt of 207 percent of GDP in 2020. Italy, France, Spain, Belgium, and Portugal also all have government debt worth over one year's production of their economies, while the small Baltic country of Estonia has the smallest national debt when compared with GDP, at only 24 percent. In debitum incrementum?A country’s national debt, also known as government debt or public debt, is defined as all borrowings owed by the government of a country. It usually comprises internal debt – owed to other governmental departments – and external debt, which is held by the public and is owed to government bond owners. National debt can be caused by a struggling economy in general, or by low tax income, which usually leads to money being borrowed from other governments for support, which in turn cannot be paid back right away. At first glance, a high national debt is not always a sign of a struggling economy – but since increasing debt can slow down economic growth significantly, it is imperative for the respective government to seek a steady reduction in the long run.

Key information about Spain Total Debt: % of GDP

• Spain Total Debt accounted for 561.2 % of the country's GDP in 2025, compared with the ratio of 561.0 % in the previous quarter.
• Spain Total Debt: % of GDP data is updated quarterly, available from Dec 1995 to Jun 2025.
• The data reached an all-time high of 787.4 % in Jun 2012 and a record low of 379.4 % in Mar 1996.

CEIC calculates quarterly Total Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Total Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. Total Debt is calculated as Total Liabilities less Equity & Investment Fund Shares and Financial Derivatives. Banco de España provides Total Debt in EUR. National Statistics Institute provides Nominal GDP in EUR.

This statistic shows the national debt of Spain from 2020 to 2023, with projections up until 2030. In 2023, the national debt in Spain was around 1,780.48 billion U.S. dollars. For comparison, the Greek debt amounted to approximately 401.71 billion U.S. dollars that same year. Spanish economy The Spanish economy, though in a state of turmoil, has been one of the world’s largest and most important economies. As a member of the European Union and the World Trade Organization, Spain often plays an important role in modern day economics. Spain maintains several economic strengths, some of which include a modern high-tech infrastructure as well as an abundance of exports, which rank as some of the highest in the world. Additionally, Spain’s economical sectors, principally built upon tourism and automobiles, also rank amongst some of the most significant around the globe. Tourism plays an important role in Spain’s economy, with millions of tourists visiting the plentiful amount of beaches during the summer and historical sites all year round. In the past, Spain was considered the most frequently visited country in the world, however, it fell several places in the past couple years, primarily because of the country’s ongoing economical struggles. Tourism is arguably the most significant sector in Spain, making up a large percentage of the country’s entire GDP. The Spanish automobile industry has receded for several years,but still makes notable contributions to the economy and has some of the more powerful car manufacturers in the world.

External Debt to GDP in Spain remained unchanged at 162 percent of GDP in the second quarter of 2025 from 162 percent of GDP in the first quarter of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Spain External Debt To GDP.

This dataset provides values for GOVERNMENT DEBT TO GDP reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

Household debt to GDP, in percent in Spain, March, 2025 The most recent value is 43.5 percent as of March 2025, a decline compared to the previous value of 43.8 percent. Historically, the average for Spain from March 1999 to March 2025 is 64.11 percent. The minimum of 39.3 percent was recorded in March 1999, while the maximum of 85.7 percent was reached in June 2010. | TheGlobalEconomy.com

Spain ES: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government: Debt Securities, Loans, Currency and Deposits data was reported at 87.071 % in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 87.339 % for Mar 2018. Spain ES: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government: Debt Securities, Loans, Currency and Deposits data is updated quarterly, averaging 51.035 % from Sep 1995 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 92 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 88.282 % in Mar 2016 and a record low of 1.333 % in Sep 1995. Spain ES: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government: Debt Securities, Loans, Currency and Deposits data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Spain – Table ES.World Bank.QPSD: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government.

Several European Union member states have struggled with high levels of public debt in the period since the Global Financial Crisis. In particular, Greece's debt skyrocketed during the recession which followed the crisis, culminating in a period of intense political and social upheaval during the early 2010s in which the country came close to having to leave the Euro single currency zone. Along with Italy, Portugal, Spain and France, Greece is part of a group of EU members who have seen their debt soar to a value worth over one year's aggregate production in their economies (i.e. 100% of GDP) due to slow economic growth coupled with increasing public liabilities due to the need to provide emergency support to their domestic financial systems. Belgium, while also a part of this group of high-debt ratio countries has quite different circumstances, as its debt ratio has in fact fallen since the 1990s, remaining 20 percent below its 1995 level, even after a spike due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Spain ES: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government: Debt Securities: Market Value data was reported at 93.800 % in Mar 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 91.294 % for Dec 2017. Spain ES: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government: Debt Securities: Market Value data is updated quarterly, averaging 48.903 % from Sep 1995 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 91 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 94.529 % in Sep 2016 and a record low of 1.147 % in Sep 1995. Spain ES: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government: Debt Securities: Market Value data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Spain – Table ES.World Bank: QPSD: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government.

This scatter chart displays GDP (current US$) against central government debt (% of GDP) in Spain. The data is about countries per year.