Spatial Context of Baixo Vouga Lagunar (BVL). / Contexto espacial do Baixo Vouga Lagunar (BVL).

*Statistically significant.AUC: area under the curve; NC: normal control; a-MCI: amnestic mild cognitive impairment; m-DAT: mild dementia of Alzheimer’s type; SCMT: Spatial Context Memory Test.

Spatial context of the Natura 2000 Special Area of Conservation Rio Vouga PTCON0026. / Contexto espacial do Sítio de Importância Comunitária (SIC) Rio Vouga PTCON0026 da Rede Natura 2000.

This dataset is about books. It has 1 row and is filtered where the book is Aspects of competition in a spatial context. It features 7 columns including author, publication date, language, and book publisher.

Maryland FishFish communities sampled in Maryland between 2007 and 2013. Data were collected by the Maryland Biological Stream Survey as part of their regular biomonitoring program. Each row contains a unique identifier (SITEYR), the 8 digit watershed code (MDE8Digit), the sampling year (Year), the stream name (StreamName), spatial coordinates, the 6 digit watershed code (MDE8Digit), the county abbreviation (COUNTY), the Fish Index of Biotic Integrity Strata (FIBI), and columns for fish abundance.Oikos.MBSS.Fish.csv

Neighborhood effects research focuses on the residential neighborhood, assuming it as the main spatial context relevant to individual outcomes. Individuals, however, are mobile and visit various spatial contexts other than the residential neighborhoods. This article conceptualizes contextual exposures to socioenvironmental factors in daily activity spaces and their relationship with residential exposures. By introducing regression toward the mean, we argue that mobility-based contextual exposures are, on average, less extreme than residential exposures. Previous neighborhood effects studies therefore tend to underestimate actual spatial contextual effects when they misrepresent residential neighborhood effects as the total contextual effects. Despite improved measurement accuracy with the transition from residence- to mobility-based exposures, we suggest the complexities remaining in the estimation of spatial contextual effects from a geographic perspective. These complexities include a possibly limited extent of neighborhood effects regression across neighborhoods and asymmetrical dispersion of between-individual contextual exposures within each neighborhood.

Environmental Analysis Data: These data were compiled to investigate the complex interactions between environmental gradients and geographic distance across the Intermountain West of the western United States. Due to complex topography, physiographic heterogeneity, and complicated relationships with large bodies of water, spatial autocorrelation of environmental similarity may be expected. We provide an R script (VarioAnalysis.R) that uses four associated data files (annualprecip.csv, annualSWA.csv, annualtemp.csv, key.csv) to reproduce Figure 3 in Massatti et al. 2020 (see Larger Work Citation). The data files contain information on yearly soil water availability, temperature, and precipitation, which are summed or averaged and used to test autocorrelations using semi variograms. There is also a shapefile (see Source Data) and raster (RasterbySiteID.tif) that ties all of the site-specific information together and places data into a spatial context. The script and data were develo ...

Files pertaining to data analyses performed and presented in the preprint, 'Porcine intestinal innate lymphoid cells and lymphocyte spatial context revealed through single-cell RNA sequencing' by Wiarda et al. 2022 are provided in this dataset. Single cell suspensions enriched for lymphocytes were obtained from ileum of two seven-week-old pigs and subjected to single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected and processed for scRNA-seq in parallel. scRNA-seq was performed to provide transcriptomic profiles of lymphocytes in porcine ileum, with 31,983 cells annotated into 26 cell types. Deeper interrogation of data revealed previously undescribed cells in porcine intestine, including SELLhi γδ T cells, group 1 and group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), and four subsets of B cells. Single-cell transcriptomes in ileum were compared to those in porcine blood, and subsets of activated lymphocytes were detected in ileum but not periphery. Comparison to scRNA-seq human and murine ileum data revealed a general consensus of ileal lymphocytes across species. Lymphocyte spatial context in porcine ileum was conferred through differential tissue dissection prior to scRNA-seq. Antibody-secreting cells, B cells, follicular CD4 αβ T cells, and cycling T/ILCs were enriched in ileum with Peyer’s patches, while non-cycling γδ T, CD8 αβ T, and group 1 ILCs were enriched in ileum without Peyer’s patches. Data files included herein are .h5seurat files of the various cell subsets included in analyses of the manuscript. Files may be used to reconstruct different analyses and perform further data query. Scripts for original data analyses are found at https://github.com/USDA-FSEPRU/scRNAseq_Porcine_Ileum_PBMC. Raw data are available at GEO accession GSE196388. Data are available for online query at https://singlecell.broadinstitute.org/single_cell/study/SCP1921/intestinal-single-cell-atlas-reveals-novel-lymphocytes-in-pigs-with-similarities-to-human-cells. Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: Ileum_AllCells. File Name: Ileum_AllCells.tarResource Description: .h5seurat object of all the cells derived from ileum samples. Untar into .h5seurat file before use.Resource Title: GutBlood_IntegratedILCs. File Name: GutBlood_IntegratedILCs.tarResource Description: .h5seurat object of ILCs derived from both ileum and PBMC samples. Untar into .h5seurat file before use.Resource Title: Ileum_Bonly. File Name: Ileum_Bonly.tarResource Description: .h5seurat object of B cells and antibody-secreting cells derived from ileum samples. Untar into .h5seurat file before use.Resource Title: Ileum_CD4Tonly. File Name: Ileum_CD4Tonly.tarResource Description: .h5seurat object of non-naive CD4 ab T cells derived from ileum samples. Untar into .h5seurat file before use.Resource Title: Ileum_gdCD8Tonly. File Name: Ileum_gdCD8Tonly.tarResource Description: .h5seurat object of gd and CD8 ab T cells derived from ileum samples. Untar into .h5seurat file before use.Resource Title: Ileum_ILConly. File Name: Ileum_ILConly.tarResource Description: .h5seurat object of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) derived from ileum samples. Untar into .h5seurat file before use.Resource Title: Ileum_MyeloidOnly. File Name: Ileum_MyeloidOnly.tarResource Description: .h5seurat object of myeloid lineage leukocytes derived from ileum samples. Untar into .h5seurat file before use.Resource Title: Ileum_NonImmuneOnly. File Name: Ileum_NonImmuneOnly.tarResource Description: .h5seurat object of non-immune cells derived from ileum samples. Untar into .h5seurat file before use.Resource Title: Ileum_TILConly. File Name: Ileum_TILConly.tarResource Description: .h5seurat object of all T cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) derived from ileum samples. Untar into .h5seurat file before use.Resource Title: PBMC_AllCells. File Name: PBMC_AllCells.tarResource Description: .h5seurat object of all cells derived from PBMC samples. Untar into .h5seurat file before use.

Spatial context of Case Study 5 (CS5) of AQUACROSS.

Theory indicates that spatial scale and habitat configuration are fundamental for coevolutionary dynamics and how diversity is maintained in host–pathogen interactions. Yet, we lack empirical data to translate the theory to natural host–parasite systems. In this study, we conduct a multiscale cross-inoculation study using the specialist wild plant pathogen Podosphaera plantaginis on its host plant Plantago lanceolata. We apply the same sampling scheme to a region with highly fragmented (Åland) and continuous (Saaremaa) host populations. Although theory predicts higher parasite virulence in continuous regions, we did not detect differences in traits conferring virulence among the regions. Patterns of adaptation were highly scale dependent. We detected parasite maladaptation among regions, and among populations separated by intermediate distances (6.0–40.0 km) within the fragmented region. In contrast, parasite performance did not vary significantly according to host origin in the continuous landscape. For both regions, differentiation among populations was much larger for genetic variation than for phenotypic variation, indicating balancing selection maintaining phenotypic variation within populations. Our findings illustrate the critical role of spatial scale and habitat configuration in driving host–parasite coevolution. The absence of more aggressive strains in the continuous landscape, in contrast to theoretical predictions, has major implications for long-term decision making in conservation, agriculture, and public health.

Social aggression and avoidance are defensive behaviors expressed by territorial animals in a manner appropriate to spatial context and experience. The ventromedial hypothalamus controls both social aggression and avoidance, suggesting that it may encode an general internal state of threat modulated by space and experience. Here we show that neurons in the mouse ventromedial hypothalamus are activated both by the presence of a social threat as well as by a chamber where social defeat previously occurred. Moreover, under conditions where the animal could move freely between a home and defeat chamber, firing activity emerged that predicted the animal’s position, demonstrating the dynamic encoding of spatial context in the hypothalamus. Finally, we found that social defeat induced a functional reorganization of neural activity as optogenetic activation could elicit avoidance after, but not before social defeat. These findings reveal how the hypothalamus dynamically encodes spatial and sens...

Code and test datasets for the proposed MCGCN model in traffic forecasting.

Dataset card for TCGA digital spatial transcriptomics data

This repository contains results from the paper "DeepSpot: Leveraging Spatial Context for Enhanced Spatial Transcriptomics Prediction from H&E Images". Authors: Kalin Nonchev, Sebastian Dawo, Karina Selina, Holger Moch, Sonali Andani, Tumor Profiler Consortium, Viktor Hendrik Koelzer, and Gunnar Rätsch The preprint is available here.

  What is TCGA digital spatial transcriptomics?

We trained a model using… See the full description on the dataset page: https://huggingface.co/datasets/nonchev/TCGA_digital_spatial_transcriptomics.

The human visual system can rapidly extract regularities from our visual environment, generating predictive context. It has been shown that spatial predictive context can be used during visual search. We set out to see whether observers can additionally exploit temporal predictive context, using an extended version of a contextual cueing paradigm. Though we replicated the contextual cueing effect, repeating search scenes in a structured order versus a random order yielded no additional behavioural benefit. This was true both for participants who were sensitive to spatial predictive context, and for those who were not. We argue that spatial predictive context during visual search is more readily learned and subsequently exploited than temporal predictive context, potentially rendering the latter redundant. In conclusion, unlike spatial context, temporal context is not automatically extracted and used during visual search.

Spatial context of the Natura 2000 Special Protection Area of Ria de Aveiro PTZPE0004. / Contexto espacial da Zona de Protecção Especial (ZPE) PTZPE0004 da Rede Natura 2000.

Corpus data of comic backgrounds from six countries; used to examine cultural differences in background use to communicate spatial information about the context of comic scenes.

A group of 10 healthy subjects without any upper limb pathologies participated in the data collection process. A total of 8 activities are performed by each subject. The measurement setup consists of a 5-channel Noraxon Ultium wireless sEMG sensor system. Representative muscle sites of the forearm are identified and self-adhesive Ag/AgCl dual electrodes are placed. The signal (sEMG) recorded during an ADL activity is segmented into functional phases: 1) rest 2) action and 3) release. During the rest phase, the subject is instructed to rest the muscles in a natural way. In the action phase, the subject is asked to perform the relevant ADL and in the release phase, the subject has to bring the muscles to a rest state smoothly avoiding any sudden movements. In these measurements, subjects are directed to execute each activity in four different arm positions given in the list below and three different body postures given in the list 1 below. So each activity is performed in 4 × 3 = 12 different scenarios.

For simplicity and to minimize variation, functional response experiments frequently use environments of simple physical structure and small size. Less attention is paid to similarity of the experimental environment to the natural environment where predation occurs. Assumptions about predator and prey use of space are often implied in the choice of experimental environment. We illustrate how these assumptions may affect conclusions with an experiment testing how arena size affects a functional response. Toxorhynchites rutilus preyed upon larval Culex restuans in containers differing in volume by 15x, but spanning a similar range of prey/liter. The most plausible Type II model included attack rates that were statistically indistinguishable, but in the larger volume, had handling time that was lower by > 30x compared to the smaller volume, suggesting a major change in predator behavior with container volume. When we altered our assumption that predation scales with prey/liter, assuming instead that aggregation causes predation to scale with prey/area of surface or bottom, the conclusions changed: neither attack rate nor handling time differed with container size. Thus, our assumption about how predator and prey used space altered the conclusions of the experiment. We then summarize recently published experiments showing that spatial context affects estimated functional responses. We suggest that functional response experiments would be improved by using larger experimental spaces that represent physical complexity of environments where predation occurs. Greater spatial extent and complexity are likely to cause aggregation of predation. Effects of more realistic spatial context are likely to yield more complete understanding of quantitative aspects of predation.

Ageing refers to the loss of organismal functionality with age, a process that is characterised by decreased reproduction and survival probability. In natural populations, it is expected that environmental conditions influence an individual’s ageing trajectory. Understanding the role of environmental heterogeneity on ageing variation could provide criticleinsights into population resilience and species distribution but remains overlooked. Telomeres, the end cap of chromosomes, are a promising integrative physiological marker of an individual’s health and a possible proxy to aid the understanding of variation in ageing trajectories. Here, we review the existing information on telomere length and its dynamics in wild populations distributed across spatial scales. Despite a relative scarcity of information, there is evidence for divergence in telomere length between populations facing contrasting environments. Nonetheless, a higher spatial resolution and temporal replication is needed to f...

Concordance correlation coefficients have been developed in a variety of different contexts. This problem has been widely addressed in a non-spatial context, but here we consider a coefficient that for a fixed spatial lag allows the comparison of two spatial sequences (e.g., images). We define a spatial concordance coefficient for second-order stationary processes.