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Classification of 43,621,232 Bitcoin Wallet addresses into 14 categories (following the classifications defined by BABD, cited below): (1) Blackmail, (2) Cyber-Security Service, (3) Darknet Market, (4) Centralized Exchange, (5) P2P Financial Infrastructure Service, (6) P2P Financial Service, (7) Gambling, (8) Government Criminal Blocklist, (9) Money Laundering, (10) Ponzi Scheme, (11) Mining Pool, (12) Tumbler, (13) Individual Wallets, and (14) Unknown Service.
This database was made by combining info from four separate sources: Aleš Janda, who operates WalletExplorer.com, generously offers an API which provides significant wallet classification and identification that he was able to determine. Mr. Janda determined the owners of wallets by registering for certain services and learning the addresses used by those services (like SatoshiDice) and then backed in to other wallet addresses by determining which wallets were merged together (similar to a shadow wallet address analysis done by others). However, WalletExplorer states it has not updated much data since 2016. Thus, the data available from WalletExplorer is largely contained in the first 425,000 blocks (block 425,000 was mined on August 13, 2016). This classification data constituted, by far, the largest portion of classification data in this dataset, with over 43 million wallet addresses being classified. Preference was always given to WalletExplorer.com's classifications, as “Strong Addresses.” Aleš Janda. Wallet explorer. https://www.walletexplorer.com/info.
Additionally, several datasets (in spreadsheets) identify and classify wallets:
The largest of these spreadsheets available on Kaggle was made by Xiang, et al. They were able to classify 544,462 wallet addresses between blocks 585,000 (July 12, 2019) and 685,000 (May 26, 2021) into 13 classifications: (1) Blackmail, (2) Cyber-Security Service, (3) Darknet Market, (4) Centralized Exchange, (5) P2P Financial Infrastructure Service, (6) P2P Financial Service, (7) Gambling, (8) Government Criminal Blocklist, (9) Money Laundering, (10) Ponzi Scheme, (11) Mining Pool, (12) Tumbler, and (13) Individual Wallets. They used the WalletExplorer database and other governmental blocklist databases as their “strong addresses” and information from BitcoinAbuse.com (which now appears to be ChainAbuse.com) as “weak addresses” to train their AI models. The processes they used to identify and classify the wallets on their experimental sets resulted in a minimum F-1 score of 92.97%, accuracy of 93.24%, precision of 92.80%, and recall of 93.24%. They accomplished this by using a framework consisting of two parts: a statistical indicator (SI), and a local structural indicator (LSI). The SI considered four indicator types, Pure Amount Indicator (PAI), Pure Degree Indicator (PDI), Pure Time Indicator (PTI), and Combination Indicator (CI). The SI considered 132 features to predict the classification. For the LSI, they generated k-hop subgraphs with an algorithm, and then used various graph metrics and other features to predict the classification. Yiexin Xiang, Yuchen Lei, Ding Bao, Tiantian Li, Quingqing Yang, Wenmao Liu, Wei Ren, and Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo. Babd: A bitcoin address behavior dataset for pattern analysis. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, (19):2171–85, 2024. https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/lemonx/babd13
Michalski, et al., identified 8,808 addresses and classified them using machine learning techniques considering 149 features, into categories including (1) mining pools, (2) miners, (3) coinjoins, (4) gambling, (5) exchange, and (6) services. They analyzed the blocks between 520,850 and 520,950. They obtained training data from WalletExplorer.com and then used machine learning techniques including Evaluated Supervised Learning Algorithms. They determined that the Random Forest classification was the best method of classifying the wallets, and stated they obtained an F-score of 95%. Due to the small size of this dataset and the fact that only 100 blocks were covered by this dataset, I considered these classifications to be “weak addresses” for this work. The wallets they classified as “services” were added to my database as an “Unknown Service.” Radoslaw Michalski, Daria Dziuba ltowska, and Piotr Macek. Bitcoin addresses and their categories. https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.7910/DVN/KEWU0N
The US Office of Foreign Asset Control maintains a list of ‘sanctioned’ Bitcoin and other digital currency assets. Several Github contributors maintain a tool that extracts the Bitcoin addresses from this database. This added 390 wallet addresses to the dataset. U.S. Treasury. Specially designated nationals list of the U.S. Office of Foreign Asset Control. https://www.treasury.gov/ofac/downloads/sanctions/1.0/sdn_advanced.xml. 0xB10C, Michael Neale, and Yahiheb. https://github.com/0xB10C/ofac-sanctioned-digital-currency-addresses?tab=readme-ov-file
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This service provides data implemented for the INSPIRE topic of transport networks from the OKSTRA data model:A classification based on the physical characteristics of the road section.
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TwitterTSP classifications are part of a group of layers that make up the Transportation System Plan, which is the 20-year plan for transportation improvements in the City of Portland. The goal of the TSP is to provide transportation choices for residents, employees, visitors and firms doing business in Portland by describing what the system should look like and what purpose it fulfills. This linear feature class contains the street classifications of the TSP. Attribution for classifications under Traffic, Transit, Bicycle, Pedestrian, Freight, Emergency Response and Street Design designate the type of movement and planning that should be emphasized on each street. Classification descriptions are used to describe how streets should function for each modes of travel, not necessarily how they are functioning at present.-- Additional Information: Category: Planning Purpose: For mapping related to the City's Transportation System Plan. Update Frequency: Irregular-- Metadata Link: https://www.portlandmaps.com/metadata/index.cfm?&action=DisplayLayer&LayerID=52497
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TwitterBase data • Name/Brand • Adress • Geocoordinates • Opening Hours • Phone •...
25+ Fuel Types like • Super E5 • Super 98 • Diesel • AdBlue • LPG • CNG •...
60+ Services and characteristics like • Carwash • Shop • Restaurant • Toilet • ATM • Toll •...
300+ Payment options • Cash • Visa • MasterCard • Fueling Cards •...
We are the leading source for Gas Station Location Data and Petrol Price Data worldwide and specialized in data quality and enrichment. We provide high quality POI Data of gas stations for all European countries.
The gas station location data is delivered country by country and the level of information to be provided is highly customizable One-time or regular data delivery, push or pull services, and any data format – we adjust to our customer’s needs.
Total number of stations per country or region, distribution of market shares among competitors or the perfect location for new gas stations, charging stations or hydrogen dispensers - our data provides answers to various questions and offers the perfect foundation for in-depth analyses and statistics. In this way, our gas station location data and petrol price data helps customers from various industries to gain more valuable insights into the fuel market and its development. Thereby providing an unparalleled basis for strategic decisions such as business development, competitive approach or expansion.
In addition, our data can contribute to the consistency and quality of an existing dataset. Simply map data to check for accuracy and correct erroneous data.
200+ sources including governments, petroleum companies, fuel card providers and crowd sourcing enable xavvy to provide various information. Next to base information like name/brand, address, geo-coordinates or opening hours, there are also detailed information about available fuel types, accessibility, special services, or payment options for each station:
Especially if you want to display information about gas stations on a map or in an application, high data quality is crucial for an excellent customer experience. Therefore, processing procedures are continuously improved to increase data quality:
• regular quality controls (e.g. via monitoring dashboards) • Geocoding systems correct and specify geocoordinates • Data sets are cleaned and standardized • Current developments and mergers are taken into account • The number of data sources is constantly expanded to map different data sources against each other
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TwitterEsri ArcGIS Online (AGOL) Hosted Feature Layer which provides access to the MDOT SHA Roadway Functional Classification data product.MDOT SHA Roadway Functional Classification data consists of linear geometric features which showcase the functional classification of roadways throughout the State of Maryland. Roadway Functional Classification is defined as the role each roadway plays in moving vehicles throughout a network of highways. MDOT SHA Roadway Functional Classification data is primarily used for general planning purposes, and for Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS) annual submission & coordination. The Maryland Department of Transportation State Highway Administration (MDOT SHA) currently reports this data only on the inventory direction (generally North or East) side of the roadway. MDOT SHA Roadway Functional Classification data is not a complete representation of all roadway geometry.The State of Maryland's roadway system is a vast network that connects places and people within and across county borders. Planners and engineers have developed elements of this network with particular travel objectives in mind. These objectives range from serving long-distance passenger and freight needs to serving neighborhood travel from residential developments to nearby shopping centers. The functional classification of roadways defines the role each element of the roadway network plays in serving these travel needs. Over the years, functional classification has come to assume additional significance beyond its purpose as a framework for identifying the particular role of a roadway in moving vehicles through a network of highways. Functional classification carries with it expectations about roadway design, including its speed, capacity and relationship to existing and future land use development. Federal legislation continues to use functional classification in determining eligibility for funding under the Federal-aid program. Transportation agencies describe roadway system performance, benchmarks and targets by functional classification. As agencies continue to move towards a more performance-based management approach, functional classification will be an increasingly important consideration in setting expectations and measuring outcomes for preservation, mobility and safety.MDOT SHA Roadway Functional Classification data is developed as part of the Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS) which maintains and reports transportation related information to the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) on an annual basis. HPMS is maintained by the Maryland Department of Transportation State Highway Administration (MDOT SHA), under the Office of Planning & Preliminary Engineering (OPPE) Data Services Division (DSD). This data is used by various business units throughout MDOT, as well as many other Federal, State and local government agencies. Roadway Functional Classification data is key to understanding the role each roadway plays in moving vehicles throughout the State of Maryland's network of highways.MDOT SHA Roadway Functional Classification data is owned & maintained by the MDOT SHA Office of Planning & Preliminary Engineering (OPPE). This data product is updated & published on an annual basis for the prior year. This data product is for the year 2024.For more information related to the data, contact MDOT SHA OPPE Data Services Division (DSD):Email: DSD@mdot.maryland.gov For more information, contact MDOT SHA OIT Enterprise Information Services:Email: GIS@mdot.maryland.gov
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Disclaimer: To process and perform analysis with this dataset, it is strongly recommended that your system has at least 128 GB of RAM. Attempting to work with this dataset on systems with lower memory may result in crashes, incomplete processing, or significant performance issues.
The process involves acquiring malware data, performing behavioral analysis, and preparing features for deep learning models.
JSON Report Segmentation: Split the JSON report into four text files:
api_name.txtapi_argument.txtapi_return.txtapi_category.txtUnigram Generation:
LdrLoadDll_urlmon.dll).Example unigram:
- LdrLoadDll_urlmon_urlmon.dll
Output: Create a CSV file containing unigrams for each malware category.
API Elements Extraction:
Unique Unigrams:
Term Frequency (TF) Calculation:
Feature Refinement:
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We investigate the use of Twitter data to deliver signals for syndromic surveillance in order to assess its ability to augment existing syndromic surveillance efforts and give a better understanding of symptomatic people who do not seek healthcare advice directly. We focus on a specific syndrome—asthma/difficulty breathing. We outline data collection using the Twitter streaming API as well as analysis and pre-processing of the collected data. Even with keyword-based data collection, many of the tweets collected are not be relevant because they represent chatter, or talk of awareness instead of an individual suffering a particular condition. In light of this, we set out to identify relevant tweets to collect a strong and reliable signal. For this, we investigate text classification techniques, and in particular we focus on semi-supervised classification techniques since they enable us to use more of the Twitter data collected while only doing very minimal labelling. In this paper, we propose a semi-supervised approach to symptomatic tweet classification and relevance filtering. We also propose alternative techniques to popular deep learning approaches. Additionally, we highlight the use of emojis and other special features capturing the tweet’s tone to improve the classification performance. Our results show that negative emojis and those that denote laughter provide the best classification performance in conjunction with a simple word-level n-gram approach. We obtain good performance in classifying symptomatic tweets with both supervised and semi-supervised algorithms and found that the proposed semi-supervised algorithms preserve more of the relevant tweets and may be advantageous in the context of a weak signal. Finally, we found some correlation (r = 0.414, p = 0.0004) between the Twitter signal generated with the semi-supervised system and data from consultations for related health conditions.
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TwitterSuccess.ai’s Firmographic Data API empowers organizations to make data-driven decisions with on-demand access to detailed insights on over 70 million companies worldwide. Covering key firmographic attributes like industry classifications, revenue size, and employee count, this API ensures your market analysis, strategic planning, and competitive benchmarking efforts are backed by continuously updated, AI-validated information.
Whether you’re exploring new markets, refining your product offerings, or optimizing partner relationships, Success.ai’s Firmographic Data API delivers the intelligence you need. Supported by our Best Price Guarantee, this solution helps you confidently navigate the global business landscape.
Why Choose Success.ai’s Firmographic Data API?
Detailed, Verified Firmographic Data
Extensive Global Coverage
Continuous Data Updates
Ethical and Compliant
Data Highlights:
Key Features of the Firmographic Data API:
Real-Time Company Enrichment
Advanced Filtering and Query Capabilities
Scalability and Flexibility
AI-Validated Accuracy and Reliability
Strategic Use Cases:
Market Analysis and Competitive Benchmarking
Strategic Partnering and M&A Efforts
Sales and Account-Based Marketing
Product Roadmapping and Portfolio Management
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Best Price Guarantee
Seamless Integration
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Additional APIs for Enhanced Functionality:
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TwitterThe Census data API provides access to the most comprehensive set of data on current month and cumulative year-to-date imports using the Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) system. The SITC endpoint in the Census data API also provides value, shipping weight, and method of transportation totals at the district level for all U.S. trading partners. The Census data API will help users research new markets for their products, establish pricing structures for potential export markets, and conduct economic planning. If you have any questions regarding U.S. international trade data, please call us at 1(800)549-0595 option #4 or email us at eid.international.trade.data@census.gov.
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TwitterSuccess.ai’s B2B Marketing Data API empowers marketing and sales teams to execute highly targeted and effective outreach campaigns. By providing on-demand access to over 70 million detailed business profiles worldwide, this API ensures your strategies are always guided by accurate, up-to-date information. From industry classifications and employee counts to firmographic and demographic insights, Success.ai’s B2B Marketing Data API enables you to zero in on the right businesses and decision-makers.
With robust filtering capabilities, continuously updated datasets, and AI-validated accuracy, you can confidently refine segments, tailor messaging, and drive higher engagement rates. Backed by our Best Price Guarantee, this solution is essential for achieving meaningful ROI in a competitive global marketplace.
Why Choose Success.ai’s B2B Marketing Data API?
Extensive Global Coverage
AI-Validated Accuracy
Robust Filtering Capabilities
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Data Highlights:
Key Features of the B2B Marketing Data API:
On-Demand Data Enrichment
Flexible Integration Options
Granular Segmentation and Targeting
Real-Time Validation and Reliability
Strategic Use Cases:
Account-Based Marketing (ABM)
Market Expansion and Product Launches
Partnership Development and Channel Sales
Competitive Benchmarking and Market Research
Why Choose Success.ai?
Best Price Guarantee
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TwitterThe Census data API provides access to the most comprehensive set of data on current month and cumulative year-to-date exports using the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). The NAICS endpoint in the Census data API also provides value, shipping weight, and method of transportation totals at the district level for all U.S. trading partners. The Census data API will help users research new markets for their products, establish pricing structures for potential export markets, and conduct economic planning. If you have any questions regarding U.S. international trade data, please call us at 1(800)549-0595 option #4 or email us at eid.international.trade.data@census.gov.
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TwitterRoadway Functional Classification consists of linear features which specifically show the functional classification of public roadways in the State of Maryland. Roadway Functional Classification is defined as the role each roadway plays in moving vehicles throughout a network of highways. Roadway Functional Classification is primarily used for general planning purposes, and for Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS) annual submission & coordination. The Maryland Department of Transportation State Highway Administration (MDOT SHA) currently reports this data only on the inventory direction (generally North or East) side of the roadway. Roadway Functional Classification data is not a complete representation of all roadway geometry.Maryland's roadway system is a vast network that connects places and people within and across county borders. Planners and engineers have developed elements of this network with particular travel objectives in mind. These objectives range from serving long-distance passenger and freight needs to serving neighborhood travel from residential developments to nearby shopping centers. The functional classification of roadways defines the role each element of the roadway network plays in serving these travel needs. Over the years, functional classification has come to assume additional significance beyond its purpose as a framework for identifying the particular role of a roadway in moving vehicles through a network of highways. Functional classification carries with it expectations about roadway design, including its speed, capacity and relationship to existing and future land use development. Federal legislation continues to use functional classification in determining eligibility for funding under the Federal-aid program. Transportation agencies describe roadway system performance, benchmarks and targets by functional classification. As agencies continue to move towards a more performance-based management approach, functional classification will be an increasingly important consideration in setting expectations and measuring outcomes for preservation, mobility and safety.Roadway Functional Classification data is developed as part of the Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS) which maintains and reports transportation related information to the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) on an annual basis. HPMS is maintained by the Maryland Department of Transportation State Highway Administration (MDOT SHA), under the Office of Planning and Preliminary Engineering (OPPE) Data Services Division (DSD). This data is used by various business units throughout MDOT, as well as many other Federal, State and local government agencies. Roadway Functional Classification data is key to understanding the role each roadway plays in moving vehicles throughout Maryland's network of highways.Roadway Functional Classification data is updated and published on an annual basis for the prior year. This data is for the year 2017. View the most current Roadway Functional Classification data in the MDOT SHA Roadway Functional Classes Application For additional information, contact the MDOT SHA Geospatial TechnologiesEmail: GIS@mdot.state.md.usFor additional information related to the Maryland Department of Transportation (MDOT):https://www.mdot.maryland.gov/For additional information related to the Maryland Department of Transportation State Highway Administration (MDOT SHA):https://roads.maryland.gov/Home.aspxMDOT SHA Geospatial Data Legal Disclaimer:The Maryland Department of Transportation State Highway Administration (MDOT SHA) makes no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the use or appropriateness of geospatial data, and there are no warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or use. The information contained in geospatial data is from publicly available sources, but no representation is made as to the accuracy or completeness of geospatial data. MDOT SHA shall not be subject to liability for human error, error due to software conversion, defect, or failure of machines, or any material used in the connection with the machines, including tapes, disks, CD-ROMs or DVD-ROMs and energy. MDOT SHA shall not be liable for any lost profits, consequential damages, or claims against MDOT SHA by third parties.This is a MD iMAP hosted service layer. Find more information at https://imap.maryland.gov.Map Service Link:https://mdgeodata.md.gov/imap/rest/services/Transportation/MD_HighwayPerformanceMonitoringSystem/MapServer/2
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In the context of the implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive, the first and further description of the groundwater bodies of Rhineland-Palatinate represents an inventory of the subsoil of the river basins in Rhineland-Palatinate with the aim of recording those groundwater bodies for which there is a risk of not achieving the environmental objectives under Article 4 of the EU Water Framework Directive. The description is based on the Hydrogeological Overview Map of Germany (HÜK 200). It was established in 2001 by the State Geological Services of Germany (SGD) and the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) on a scale of 1: 200,000 in the sheet cuts of the TK 200. The contents correspond to HÜK 200 of the BGR. :The classification of the upper aquifer into aquifer types was based on the cavity type and the geochemical nature of the flowing aquifer (combination of attributes). Geochemical conditions in the leachate zone are not taken into account. The contents correspond to HÜK 200 of the BGR.
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The Map Service (WFS Group) provides the map bases of the Land Development Plan Environment (2004) and Settlement (2006) of the Saarland.:Strong generalised representation of the space categories Core zone of the compaction space, edge zone of the compaction area and rural space within the framework of the LEP settlement 2006.
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In recent years, with the development of the Internet, the attribution classification of APT malware remains an important issue in society. Existing methods have yet to consider the DLL link library and hidden file address during the execution process, and there are shortcomings in capturing the local and global correlation of event behaviors. Compared to the structural features of binary code, opcode features reflect the runtime instructions and do not consider the issue of multiple reuse of local operation behaviors within the same APT organization. Obfuscation techniques more easily influence attribution classification based on single features. To address the above issues, (1) an event behavior graph based on API instructions and related operations is constructed to capture the execution traces on the host using the GNNs model. (2) ImageCNTM captures the local spatial correlation and continuous long-term dependency of opcode images. (3) The word frequency and behavior features are concatenated and fused, proposing a multi-feature, multi-input deep learning model. We collected a publicly available dataset of APT malware to evaluate our method. The attribution classification results of the model based on a single feature reached 89.24% and 91.91%. Finally, compared to single-feature classifiers, the multi-feature fusion model achieves better classification performance.
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TwitterOpen Government Licence - Canada 2.0https://open.canada.ca/en/open-government-licence-canada
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The Reference Data as a Service (RDaaS) API provides a list of codesets, classifications, and concordances that are used within Statistics Canada. These resources are shared to help harmonize data, enabling better interdepartmental data integration and analysis. This dataset provides an updated version of the StatCan RDaaS API specification, originally part of the Government of Canada’s GC API Store, which permanently closed on September 29th, 2023. The archived version of the original API specification can be accessed via the Wayback Machine . The specification has been updated to the OpenAPI 3.0 (Swagger 3) standard, enabling use of current tools and features for API exploration and integration. Key interactive features of the updated specification include: * Try-It-Out Functionality: Allows a user to interact with API endpoints directly from the documentation in their browser, submitting test requests and viewing live responses. * Interactive Parameter Input: Simplifies experimentation with filters and parameters to explore API behavior. * Schema Visualization: Provides clear representations of request and response structures.
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TwitterThe Map Service (WFS Group) presents data from the biotope cadastre of the Saarland.: Protected biotopes of the Saarland in terms of area. In this object class, areas that are protected in accordance with § 22 SNG in conjunction with § 30 BNatSchG are recorded and represented. Several biotope types can be grouped together in one GB area, provided that they form a meaningful functional unit, e.g. lime-half dry grasses and heat-loving bushes, used wet meadows and wet meadows, or mesotraphent meadows and large harrow meadows. Viewing object in the GDZ; Export the area-based feature class GDZ2010.A_nggbt and the business table with the factual data (GDZ2010.nggbt) to the FileGDB. In addition to numerous internal database attributes, the following user-relevant attributes are available: IDENTIFIER: OSIRIS identifier; NAME; PROJ_URSPRUNG: Project origin; TYPE OF USE; Date of acquisition in OSIRIS; RECORDING TYPE; FLAECHENANZAHL; OFFIZIEL_FL: Area in ha (official); GEOGENAU: Geometric accuracy; GKRW: Legal value; GKHW: High value; INSDATE: Date of takeover in DGZ; BEMERKNG;
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TwitterEsri ArcGIS Online (AGOL) Hosted Feature Layer for accessing the MDOT SHA Roadway Administrative Classifications (State Classifications) data product. MDOT SHA Roadway Administrative Classifications (State Classifications) data consists of linear geometric features which specifically show State-maintained roadways included in the State Primary & State Secondary systems throughout the State of Maryland. Roadway Administrative Classifications data is primarily used for general planning & funding purposes by showcasing the State Primary vs. State Secondary highway systems. The Maryland Department of Transportation State Highway Administration (MDOT SHA) currently reports this data only on the inventory direction (generally North or East) side of the roadway. Roadway Administrative Classification is not a complete representation of all roadway geometry.MDOT SHA Roadway Administrative Classifications data is maintained & updated by the MDOT SHA Office of Planning & Preliminary Engineering (OPPE) Data Services Division (DSD). Roadway Administrative Classifications data is used by various business units throughout MDOT, as well as many other Federal, State and local government agencies. Roadway Administrative Classification data is key to understanding which State-maintained roadways are included in the State Primary & State Secondary systems throughout Maryland.MDOT SHA Roadway Administrative Classifications data is updated & published on an annual basis for the prior year. This data is for the year 2023For more information related to the data, contact MDOT SHA OPPE Data Services Division (DSD):Email: DSD@mdot.maryland.gov For more information, contact MDOT SHA OIT Enterprise Information Services:Email: GIS@mdot.maryland.gov
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TwitterSchools including school types, contact details, further factual information and, if applicable, school districts (see specifications at https://www.gdi-suedhessen.de/fachthemen/pflichtenhefte/). Provided via the platform www.gdi-inspireumsetzer.de - A service of the GDI South Hesse.:
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The Map Service (WFS Group) presents data from the Saarland biotope cadastre: habitat types of the Saarland in terms of area; This is the basic unit of object detection in biotope mapping. The areas are uniform in terms of terrain shape, use and vegetation equipment. The acquisition is selective, i.e. this object class is used exclusively for the detection and evaluation of FFH habitat types. Each area of different type and assessment has its own demarcation. Viewing object in the GDZ; Export the area-based feature class GDZ2010.A_ngbt and the business table with the factual data (GDZ2010.ngbt) to the FileGDB. In addition to numerous internal database attributes, the following user-relevant attributes are available: IDENTIFIER: OSIRIS Usage Type INFORMATION DATE:Dateum of acquisition in OSIRIS Inclusion type FLAECHENANZAHL OFFIZIEL_FL: Area in ha (official) GEOGENAU: Geometric Accuracy GKRW: Legal value GKHW: High value InsDate: Date of takeover in DGZ
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TwitterOpen Database License (ODbL) v1.0https://www.opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1.0/
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Classification of 43,621,232 Bitcoin Wallet addresses into 14 categories (following the classifications defined by BABD, cited below): (1) Blackmail, (2) Cyber-Security Service, (3) Darknet Market, (4) Centralized Exchange, (5) P2P Financial Infrastructure Service, (6) P2P Financial Service, (7) Gambling, (8) Government Criminal Blocklist, (9) Money Laundering, (10) Ponzi Scheme, (11) Mining Pool, (12) Tumbler, (13) Individual Wallets, and (14) Unknown Service.
This database was made by combining info from four separate sources: Aleš Janda, who operates WalletExplorer.com, generously offers an API which provides significant wallet classification and identification that he was able to determine. Mr. Janda determined the owners of wallets by registering for certain services and learning the addresses used by those services (like SatoshiDice) and then backed in to other wallet addresses by determining which wallets were merged together (similar to a shadow wallet address analysis done by others). However, WalletExplorer states it has not updated much data since 2016. Thus, the data available from WalletExplorer is largely contained in the first 425,000 blocks (block 425,000 was mined on August 13, 2016). This classification data constituted, by far, the largest portion of classification data in this dataset, with over 43 million wallet addresses being classified. Preference was always given to WalletExplorer.com's classifications, as “Strong Addresses.” Aleš Janda. Wallet explorer. https://www.walletexplorer.com/info.
Additionally, several datasets (in spreadsheets) identify and classify wallets:
The largest of these spreadsheets available on Kaggle was made by Xiang, et al. They were able to classify 544,462 wallet addresses between blocks 585,000 (July 12, 2019) and 685,000 (May 26, 2021) into 13 classifications: (1) Blackmail, (2) Cyber-Security Service, (3) Darknet Market, (4) Centralized Exchange, (5) P2P Financial Infrastructure Service, (6) P2P Financial Service, (7) Gambling, (8) Government Criminal Blocklist, (9) Money Laundering, (10) Ponzi Scheme, (11) Mining Pool, (12) Tumbler, and (13) Individual Wallets. They used the WalletExplorer database and other governmental blocklist databases as their “strong addresses” and information from BitcoinAbuse.com (which now appears to be ChainAbuse.com) as “weak addresses” to train their AI models. The processes they used to identify and classify the wallets on their experimental sets resulted in a minimum F-1 score of 92.97%, accuracy of 93.24%, precision of 92.80%, and recall of 93.24%. They accomplished this by using a framework consisting of two parts: a statistical indicator (SI), and a local structural indicator (LSI). The SI considered four indicator types, Pure Amount Indicator (PAI), Pure Degree Indicator (PDI), Pure Time Indicator (PTI), and Combination Indicator (CI). The SI considered 132 features to predict the classification. For the LSI, they generated k-hop subgraphs with an algorithm, and then used various graph metrics and other features to predict the classification. Yiexin Xiang, Yuchen Lei, Ding Bao, Tiantian Li, Quingqing Yang, Wenmao Liu, Wei Ren, and Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo. Babd: A bitcoin address behavior dataset for pattern analysis. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, (19):2171–85, 2024. https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/lemonx/babd13
Michalski, et al., identified 8,808 addresses and classified them using machine learning techniques considering 149 features, into categories including (1) mining pools, (2) miners, (3) coinjoins, (4) gambling, (5) exchange, and (6) services. They analyzed the blocks between 520,850 and 520,950. They obtained training data from WalletExplorer.com and then used machine learning techniques including Evaluated Supervised Learning Algorithms. They determined that the Random Forest classification was the best method of classifying the wallets, and stated they obtained an F-score of 95%. Due to the small size of this dataset and the fact that only 100 blocks were covered by this dataset, I considered these classifications to be “weak addresses” for this work. The wallets they classified as “services” were added to my database as an “Unknown Service.” Radoslaw Michalski, Daria Dziuba ltowska, and Piotr Macek. Bitcoin addresses and their categories. https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.7910/DVN/KEWU0N
The US Office of Foreign Asset Control maintains a list of ‘sanctioned’ Bitcoin and other digital currency assets. Several Github contributors maintain a tool that extracts the Bitcoin addresses from this database. This added 390 wallet addresses to the dataset. U.S. Treasury. Specially designated nationals list of the U.S. Office of Foreign Asset Control. https://www.treasury.gov/ofac/downloads/sanctions/1.0/sdn_advanced.xml. 0xB10C, Michael Neale, and Yahiheb. https://github.com/0xB10C/ofac-sanctioned-digital-currency-addresses?tab=readme-ov-file