The telecommunications firm Verizon is the leading provider of mobile services in the United States, with a market share of nearly ** percent of wireless subscriptions as of the last quarter of 2024. T-Mobile and AT&T are the other major wireless carriers in the U.S. market.  The market share is based on subscription figures reported by the companies in quarterly earnings and financial statements. Mobile virtual network operator (MVNO) subscriptions were not considered for the statistic. Seismic shift: T-Mobile and Sprint Merger T-Mobile’s **** billion U.S. dollar acquisition of Sprint Corp. became official on 1st April 2020, a merger that temporarily reduced the number of major wireless providers in the United States. Under the terms of the merger, T-Mobile acquired Sprint’s ***** million postpaid subscribers, joining the 47 million T-Mobile postpaid wireless subscribers. DISH Network Corporation acquired Sprint’s prepaid mobile business, Boost Mobile, raising that number to ****, satisfying the United States Department of Justice (DOJ) that the market would remain competitive.  T-Mobile is the largest U.S. telco by market cap As of 2024, T-Mobile had a market capitalization of over *** billion U.S. dollars, the highest of any U.S. telecommunications company. Beijing-based China Mobile and U.S. giant Verizon trailed, with a market cap of *** and *** billion U.S. dollars, respectively. Comcast and AT&T were valued at *** and *** billion U.S. dollars, respectively.

Raw date of all participants of the study to examine the raliability of maximal lactate accumulation rate and sprint performance parameters in running.

Under time‐selected migration, birds should choose a strategy for outcompeting rivals over securing access to prime resources at the final destination. Thus, migration can be viewed as a race among individuals where winners are arriving first when conditions are suitable. The sprint migration hypothesis predicts that individuals shift from maximum sustained speed to a final burst of sprint to shorten the transition from migration to breeding (Alerstam, 2006). In this study, we test the hypothesis of a final sprint migration in a long‐distance Afro‐Palearctic migrant, the collared flycatcher Ficedula albicollis, during autumn and spring, and compare migration strategies between the seasons. In both seasons, collared flycatchers evidently exhibited sprint migration by increasing their overall speed over the last leg of migration after the Sahara crossing. This phenomenon was more pronounced in spring, contributing to overall faster spring migration and possibly highlighting higher importance for early arrival at the breeding grounds. In both seasons and particularly in spring, late departing individuals flew at a faster rate, partially being able to catch up with their early departing conspecifics. Differential fueling strategies may play an important role in determining migration speed, especially during the early stages of the migration, and might explain the observed differences in migration speeds between late and early departing individuals. Our findings suggest competition for early arrival at the breeding and at the nonbreeding destinations alike. Sprint migration might be an appropriate strategy to gain advantage over conspecifics and settle in prime territories as well as to cope with the increasingly earlier springs at high latitudes.

This dataset contains mobile wireless download speed test results and areas where the PSD (Vermont Public Service Department) challenged mobile wireless service asserted by wireless carriers.DOWNLOAD SPEED TEST RESULTSResults from download speed tests that were conducted in September-December 2018 are contained by 6 point feature-classes, each with results for a particular carrier.PSD staff employed the android smartphone application G-NetTrack to conduct download speed tests at approximately 300 meter intervals along all federal-aid highways.The point feature-classes are very detailed and more suitable when zoomed into the neighborhood scale. All point feature-classes have the same field schema, which includes these fields: timestamp: Date and time at which the data point was collected. signal_str: Signal strength (RSRP in dBm). download_s: Download speed (in Mbps). latency: The round-trip time for a request to a website, in milliseconds.DRIVE-TEST BLOCKSDrive-test blocks (Utility_DriveTest_poly_Blocks) is a polygon feature-class that is composed of 1-kilometer blocks; it has a field for each of the 6 carriers; the fields show the average download speed recorded in each block for each carrier.The fields also include a composite field (All_) that contains averages of all carriers, masking variation in coverage between individual carriers. "999" indicates no test was conducted for the carrier in that block.Drive-test blocks are generalized information and are suitable when zoomed at various scales. A BLOCK DOES NOT INDICATE SERVICE THROUGHOUT A BLOCK; use the point feature-classes for detailed data and judge accordingly.WIRELESS CHALLENGE BLOCKSWireless Challenge Blocks (Utility_DriveTest_poly_VTMFCIIChallengeBlocks) depicts the status of each block in the submission of the PSD in the FCC Mobility Fund Phase II Challenge process. It shows challenges to mobile wireless service asserted by wireless carriersA value of 0 in the Area_1 field indicates that the challenge was rejected, either because a) the block is already largely eligible, or b) because no tests below 5 Mbps were submitted.DISCLAIMERVCGI and the State of VT make no representations of any kind, including but not limited to the warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular use, nor are any such warranties to be implied with respect to the data.

1. Physiology and temperature can both have a profound influence on behaviour and metabolism. Despite this, thermal physiology has rarely been considered within the animal personality framework, but could be an inherent mechanism maintaining consistent individual differences in behaviour, particularly in species that need to thermoregulate (i.e. ectotherms). 2. Here, we present evidence for a thermal-behavioural syndrome and detail how it is linked to variation in habitat selection in an Australian lizard, the delicate skink, Lampropholis delicata. 3. We predicted that individuals would occur along a cold-hot continuum – analogues to the slow-fast continuum proposed by the pace-of-life hypothesis - whereby an individual’s placement along a thermal physiological axis will correspond with their placement along a personality axis. We first tested the thermal-behavioural syndrome by measuring the thermal preferences and optimal performance temperature of individual skinks and linking it to ...

Jamaican athletes are prominent in sprint running but the reasons for their success are not clear. Here we consider the possibility that symmetry, particularly symmetry of the legs, in Jamaican children is linked to high sprinting speed in adults. Our study population was a cohort of 288 rural children, mean age 8.2 (±1 SD = 1.7) years in 1996. Symmetry was measured in 1996 and 2006 from the fluctuating asymmetry (FA) of three lower-body traits and we constructed a lower body composite FA trait (Comp lb-FA). In 2010 we measured sprinting speed (for 90 m and 180 m races) in participants recruited from our original cohort. There were 163 untrained adults in our sample. We found: (i) high Comp lb and knee symmetry in 1996 and 2006 were linked to fast sprinting times in our 2010 runners and (ii) our sample of sprinters appears to have self-selected for greater symmetry. We conclude that high knee symmetry in childhood is linked to an ability to sprint fast in adult Jamaicans as well as a readiness to sprint.

Individual data assessed during the maximal swim trial and during the tethered test.

Ecuador Consumer Price Index (CPI): FB: NB: MJ: MD: Sprint Or Mineral Water (SW) data was reported at 162.332 2004=100 in Dec 2014. This records an increase from the previous number of 161.135 2004=100 for Nov 2014. Ecuador Consumer Price Index (CPI): FB: NB: MJ: MD: Sprint Or Mineral Water (SW) data is updated monthly, averaging 127.278 2004=100 from Jan 2005 (Median) to Dec 2014, with 120 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 162.332 2004=100 in Dec 2014 and a record low of 99.027 2004=100 in May 2005. Ecuador Consumer Price Index (CPI): FB: NB: MJ: MD: Sprint Or Mineral Water (SW) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Institute of Statistics and Census. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ecuador – Table EC.I016: Consumer Price Index: 2004=100.

Descriptive data regarding sprint performance in the 50-m sprint test.

Personality traits (e.g., activity, exploration, boldness) are frequently correlated with each other and with various other traits of biological importance. According to the performance, allocation, and independent models of energy management, the relationship between personality traits and resting metabolic rate (RMR) is predicted to be either positive, negative, or nil. As for the relationship between personality traits and locomotor performance, the trait compensation and co-specialisation hypotheses respectively predict a positive and negative relationship. To test for associations between personality, metabolism, and performance, we studied a wild population of Karoo bush rat (Myotomys unisulcatus) in South Africa. During summer 2018 we captured 45 individuals (38 females and 7 males) a total of 293 times and repeatedly measured docility (time spent immobile during a bag test), exploration (distance moved in an open-field test), sprint speed, and RMR. We found a behavioural syndrome in our population, as more docile individuals covered less distance in the exploration test (r±se=-0.74±0.21). RMR was not correlated with any trait; therefore, the independent energy management model applies in this population. Fast sprinters were less explorative in the novel environment than slow sprinters (r±se=-0.41±0.21), going against the prediction of the phenotypic compensation hypothesis and suggesting co-specialisation of these traits. A similar result was previously observed in two other rodent species, suggesting that exploratory behaviour and locomotor performance may interact in an additive instead of compensatory way. Given the apparent complexity of the links between performance, behaviour, and metabolism, more studies are needed in order to understand their relationships.

Methods Data was collected by Paul Agnani (P.A) and Jennifer Thomson (J.T) at the Succulent Karoo research station (https://www.stripedmouse.com/) from February to April 2018 as a part of P.A's master project under supervision of Dr. Vincent Careau (V.C) and Dr. Carsten Schradin (C.S). Data consisted of excell files (trapping, bag test, entered at the field station), expedata files (respirometry data) and videos (sprint speed, open field). Expedata files were analysed using macro extraction as reccomended by Sable Systems International to obtain minumum oxygen consumption (RMR) at the University of Ottawa by P.A. Videos of the open field were analysed using the Ethovision software by P.A at the University of Ottawa. Videos of sprint speeds were analysed by P.A using the Tracker software to count frames at the University of Ottawa. Data was then merged by P.A and V.C to create the final file used for the main analyses. Two additional databases in the long format (containing all the values reccorded and not only the maximum sprint speed or the minimum oxygen consumption) were kept to further partition the variance. Univariate and multivariate models were done by P.A and V.C at the University of Ottawa.

Thermal acclimation is often considered critical in organismal responses to novel thermal conditions. Our understanding of the physiological implications of acclimation is largely derived from lab studies with simplified thermal regimes that fail to account for any variation that animals would experience naturally (i.e. diel variation). As such, constant temperature acclimation experiments may produce a flawed understanding of acclimation in the wild. To fill this gap, we acclimated lizards (Amphibolurus muricatus) under three thermal regimes (Hot Constant, Cold Constant and Alternating) and compared their physiological responses (Metabolic Rate, Sprint Speed, Thermal Preferences and Thermal Limits).

We found that animals maintained constantly at hot temperatures (preferred temperature, 35°C) gained sprint performance increases, not seen in those maintained constantly at cold temperatures (20°C), yet suffered costs to growth (in younger animals) and maintenance (mass loss in older a..., Data was collected using standard methods of closed system respirometry, sprint performance, thermal preferences and limits. Processed in Kinovea (sprint), Warthog (SMR), Excel (Thermal Preferences). Data wrangling and analysis in R., , # Best of both worlds: Acclimation to fluctuating environments confers advantages and minimizes costs of constant environments

Dataset contains information on lizards that underwent three acclimation treatments (Hot, cold, fluctuating) and presents phenotyping data for metabolic rate and sprint performance across five temperatures as well as thermal preferences and behavioural thermal limits. Animals were found to shift phenotypes in response to treatment with animals under fluctuating regimes having the benefits of accessing hotter temperatures with lower putative costs.

The attached R files contain code to perform the analysis presented in the manuscript.

Description of the data and file structure

Methodological Information

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* Methods of data collection/generation: see manuscript for details

Description of the data and file structure

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File Summary

* 4 Files in total, 3 .csv files and 1 RMD.

- best_of_both_worlds_...

As of Spring 2025, T-Mobile US had by far the fastest average 5G download speed among major U.S. network operators at ***** Mbps. It also offered the best typical overall download speed at ***** Mbps. 5G networks offer faster download speeds, lower latency, and greater reliability than previous generations. T-Mobile’s merger with Sprint has enabled it to challenge AT&T and Verizon T-Mobile US, which is majority owned by the German telecommunications firm Deutsche Telekom, has made significant investments in its attempts to challenge the dominance of AT&T and Verizon. This has included its 26 billion U.S. dollar merger with Sprint in 2020, which dramatically increased its subscriber share and placed it to challenge its rivals in the 5G space over the coming years. In addition to delivering the fastest 5G download speeds, the operator has also offered the best coverage among U.S. network operators.

Lifetime costs, QALYs, and ICER values for intensive versus standard blood pressure control strategies.

ABSTRACT Objective: Verify the influence of different break times between sprints on the performance of amateur futsal athletes. Methods: 10 individuals, men, amateur futsal athletes (Age: 21.5 ± 1.6; Weight: 72.4 ± 6.88; Height: 1.72 ± 0.05; BMI: 24.3 ± 1.2; Fat%: 13.7 ± 3.3, VO2peak: 49.1 ± 10.5) participated in the study. Individuals were randomly selected to perform sessions with sprints (10 sets 20 m) with different pause times of 15 (S15), 30 (S30) and 60 (S60) seconds. For performance analysis, the speed (km / h) applied to each sprint was used and monitored by a device with a photocell (CEFISE Biotecnologia Esportiva®). Results: There was an interaction between speed and interval time (p = 0.000). For condition S15, a greater reduction in performance was observed (p ≤ 0.05), while for S30 and S60, no significant reduction in performance was observed (p > 0.05). The data for the area under the curve showed a significant difference (p = 0.000), where the interval of 60 s (S60) was longer compared to the values of 30 (S30) (p = 0.000) and 15 s (S15) (p = 0.000). However, there were no significant differences between the 30 and 15 s data (p = 0.248). Conclusion: A shorter time (15 s) interval between repeated sprints can significantly affect performance compared to longer breaks (30 and 60 s), but all the conditions tested here can be positive for the improvement of performance, mainly in sports that demand fast and efficient motor actions such as futsal.

1. Introduction

Older adults with cancer often need to undergo operations. Post-surgery complications may arise, and Real-World Data (RWD) collected from such patients during a pre-operation monitoring period of two weeks can help identify risk for post-surgery complications. The involved RWD span behavioral data (measured or reported) as well as clinical data (collected during clinical tests). This dataset is synthesized by Innovation Sprint, using actual data collected from eligible Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli patients participating to the SUPERO study. The clinical data is collected by the hospital, while the behavioral is collected using Healthentia, a medical decision support software developed by Innovation Sprint, facilitating the collection, analysis and presentation of behavioral data.

2. Dataset description

The provided TERMINET eHealth post-operation complications synthetic dataset contains 10,000 synthetic patients, provided in an equal number of rows in the CSV file containing the dataset. The different attributes of the dataset are organized in columns.

The attributes are summarized as follows:

• 6 columns of step data statistics
• 20 columns of clinical attributes
• 2 columns of demographics attributes
• 12 columns of questionnaire attributes
• 1 column of outcome attribute

2.1. Step statistics

Step data is collected per day of the pre-hospitalization period. The final two weeks of that period are used to derive the step statistics. For each of the weeks, the mean, standard deviation and slope of the linear regression of the step data is reported, 3 attributes per week, 6 attributes in total.

2.2. Clinical attributes

The 20 clinical attributes collected at the hospital are ALT, Hematocrit (%), AST, Lymphocytes, Hepatitis B, Neutrophils (%), Hepatitis C, Neutrophils, INR (%), INR, White Blood Cells, INR (seconds), Platelets, Sodium, Hemoglobin, Potassium, Lymphocytes (%), Creatinine, Bilirubin and Urea Nitrogen.

2.3. Demographic attributes

The sex and age are the two demographic attributes collected.

2.4. Questionnaire attributes

Three questionnaires are involved in the SUPERO study are:

• G8, spanning the categories of food intake, weight loss, movement, neuropsychological, BMI, multiple medication, health and age.
• SPPB, spanning the categories of balance, speed and strength
• MiniCog, where only the clock drawing capabilities are assessed

2.5. Outcome attribute

The single outcome attribute is the existence of any post-surgery complications. Please note that the dataset is quite imbalanced, since complications are very rare.

3. Data synthesis

This dataset is synthesized from the early data of the SUPERO study. Currently there are 21 patients registered, with the decision to operate them being reached for 20 of them. 16 of the patients have already been operated, 2 of them having exhibited post-surgery complications. More vectors have been generated by adding Gaussian noise to the original 16 vectors, resulting to 128 vectors. The resulting vectors have been clustered into 16 clusters using Agglomerative clustering. Every cluster has been modelled via Gaussian Mixture Models. The resulting set of GMMs has been used to generate the 10,000 synthetic vectors of the dataset.

4. Acknowledgement

The development of this dataset has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 957406 (TERMINET).

Many tropical ectotherms are considered vulnerable to anthropogenic climate change because they have evolved to become thermal specialists. Indeed, several recent studies have suggested that even small increases in mean operative temperature may lead to a reduction in activity and the subsequent extinction of populations. Within the tropics, lizards are considered particularly vulnerable due to the potential for climate change to directly impact physiology and alter community interactions. However, models usually focus on the effects of mean operative temperature at the expense of other climate variables that may also affect lizard physiology. We used daily variation in operative temperature, humidity, and wind speed to examine how changes in climate influence activity in two species of lizards from the island of Cayo Menor, Honduras. Anolis lemurinus is a forest species, whereas A. allisoni is an open-habitat species. We conducted daily surveys for active lizards in habitat typical to each species, while simultaneously measuring operative thermal environments with physical models. The effects of the thermal environment were considered in the context of the thermal sensitivity of sprint speed for each species, and compared with the effects of the hydric (humidity) and convective (wind) environments. When all surveys were combined into a single analysis, the activity of the forest species Anolis lemurinus was positively correlated with wind speed, the spatial heterogeneity of operative temperature, and the mismatch between mean operative temperature and the optimal temperature for sprint performance. Mean operative temperature did significantly effect Anolis lemurinus activity, but only when it was above their thermal optimum. Activity of the open-habitat species A. allisoni was negatively correlated with wind speed, but was not related to any other climate variable. Whereas the mismatch between mean operative temperature and the thermal optimum for performance predicted the activity level of the forest species in ways partially consistent with its use in models for the response of lizards to climate change, the effects of the abiotic environment were habitat-dependent. Our results suggest that successfully predicting the biological impacts of climate change will require holistic models that account for more than changes in mean temperature alone. Activity dataTotal number of Anolis lizards found on 4 transects in 2011 and 2 transects in 2012 on the Island of Cayo Menor, Honduras. This file includes the mean operative temperature, the spatial heterogeneity of operative temperature (variance among OTM means), the difference between mean operative temperature and the thermal optimum for each species, the mean wind speed, and the mean absolute humidity for each survey on each transect across both years.Sprint speeds_Anolis allisoniThis data file contains the sprint speeds of Anolis allisoni individuals at 6 body temperatures. These data were used to construct a thermal performance curve for Anolis allisoni.Sprint speeds_Anolis lemurinusThis data file contains the sprint speeds of Anolis lemurinus individuals at 6 body temperatures. These data were used to construct a thermal performance curve for Anolis lemurinus.

Dataset from Storniolo JL, Cairo B, Porta A, Cavallari P. Symbolic Analysis of the Heart Rate Variability During the Plateau Phase Following Maximal Sprint Exercise. Front Physiol. 2021 Mar 23;12:632883. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.632883. PMID: 33833687; PMCID: PMC8021730.

Cardiac autonomic control is commonly assessed via the analysis of fluctuations of the temporal distance between two consecutive R-waves (RR). Cardiac regulation assessment following high intensity physical exercise is difficult due to RR non-stationarities. The very short epoch following maximal sprint exercise when RR remains close to its lowest value, i.e., the PLATEAU, provides the opportunity to evaluate cardiac regulation from stationary RR sequences. The aim of the study is to evaluate cardiac autonomic control during PLATEAU phase following 60-m maximal sprint and compare the results to those derived from sequences featuring the same length as the PLATEAU and derived from pre-exercise and post-exercise periods. These sequences were referred to as PRE and POST sequences. RR series were recorded in 21 subjects (age: 24.9 ± 5.1 years, 15 men and six women). We applied a symbolic approach due to its ability to deal with very short RR sequences. The symbolic approach classified patterns formed by three RRs according to the sign and number of RR variations. Symbolic markers were compared to more classical time and frequency domain indexes. Comparison was extended to simulated signals to explicitly evaluate the suitability of methods to deal with short variability series. A surrogate test was applied to check the null hypothesis of random fluctuations. Over simulated data symbolic analysis was able to separate dynamics with different spectral profiles provided that the frame length was longer than 10 cardiac beats. Over real data the surrogate test indicated the presence of determinism in PRE, PLATEAU, and POST sequences. We found that the rate of patterns with two variations with unlike sign increased during PLATEAU and in POST sequences and the frequency of patterns with no variations remained unchanged during PLATEAU and decreased in POST compared to PRE sequences. Results indicated a sustained sympathetic control along with an early vagal reactivation during PLATEAU and a shift of the sympathovagal balance toward vagal predominance in POST compared to PRE sequences. Time and frequency domains markers were less powerful because they were dominated by the dramatic decrease of RR variance during PLATEAU.

Study system The Cyclades archipelago is a cluster of land-bridge islands located in the central Aegean Sea (Greece). Since the end of the last glacial maximum approximately 18,000 years ago, rising sea levels have fragmented former mainland coastal regions. As Holocene sea level rise separated the area, populations of plants and animals also became increasingly isolated, thus setting the stage for the evolution of locally adapted island phenotypes. The study area has warm, long, dry summers and mild, rainy winters as is typical of Mediterranean region climates. Humans have inhabited the region for thousands of years, altering the vegetation through agriculture and animal grazing. Today island habitats consist typically of agricultural fields edged by dry-stone walls and embedded in a matrix of spiny, summer-deciduous, low-growing woody vegetation known as phrygana. The Aegean wall lizard (Podarcis erhardii, Lacertidae) is a medium-sized lizard, typically ranging in size from 48-78...

The contribution of new mutations to phenotypic variation, and the consequences of this variation for individual fitness, are fundamental concepts for understanding genetic variation and adaptation. Here, we investigated how mutation influenced variation in a complex trait in zebrafish, Danio rerio. Typical of many ecologically relevant traits in ectotherms, swimming speed in fish is temperature-dependent, with evidence of adaptive evolution of thermal performance. We chemically induced novel germline point mutations in males and measured sprint speed in their sons at six temperatures (between 16°C and 34°C). Heterozygous mutational effects on speed were strongly positively correlated among temperatures, resulting in statistical support for only a single axis of mutational variation, reflecting temperature-independent variation in speed (faster-slower mode). These results suggest pleiotropic effects on speed across different temperatures, however, spurious correlations arise via linkage, or heterogeneity in mutation number when mutations have consistent directional effects on each trait. Here, mutation did not change mean speed, indicating no directional bias in mutational effects. The results contribute to emerging evidence that mutations may predominantly have synergistic cross-environment effects, in contrast to conditionally neutral or antagonistic effects which underpin thermal adaptation. We discuss several aspects of experimental design that may affect resolution of mutations with non-synergistic effects.