California has more Medicaid and CHIP enrollees than any other state in the United States. As of April 2023, approximately ** million Americans were enrolled in the Medicaid health insurance programs in California, which accounted for approximately ** percent of the total number of Medicaid enrollees nationwide (**** million). Blow to Medicaid expansion plans California is one of many states that has expanded its Medicaid program under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) to encourage more low-income adults to sign up for health coverage. One of the original aims of the ACA was to limit some of the variations in state Medicaid programs, but the Supreme Court ruled that the expansion should be optional. Governors of the states that did not expand said they were concerned about long-term costs. California is the leading state for Medicaid expenditure, spending approximately **** billion U.S. dollars in FY2020. Health coverage for children The Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) was created as a complement to Medicaid, expanding the reach of government-funded health coverage to more children in low-income families. As of May 2021, over **** million children were enrolled in Medicaid/CHIP programs in California, more than any other state. As of January 2021, the median Medicaid/CHIP eligibility level for children was *** percent of the federal poverty level.

Total Medicaid spending surpassed 804 billion U.S. dollars in 2022. The state of California had the highest expenditure throughout the year, followed by New York and Texas.

Federal government helps poorer states Both the federal and state governments fund the Medicaid health care program, but at least 50 percent of the costs incurred by states are matched by the federal government. The exact percentage varies by state because the matching rate was designed so that poorer states receive a larger share of program costs from the federal government. The states of Wyoming, South Dakota, North Dakota, spent the least on Medicaid costs in 2021.

Funding share of states set to increase Under the Affordable Care Act, states have the choice to expand their Medicaid programs to cover nearly all low-income Americans under age 65. For states that implemented the expansion, the federal government paid 100 percent of the state costs for all newly eligible adults from 2014 to 2016. The new matching rate has slowly declined since and reached 90 percent in 2020, which means states have to pick up ten percent of the bill. Governors are concerned about the rise in costs, and state expenditure is projected to increase by 50 percent between 2020 and 2027.

Metrics from individual Marketplaces during the current reporting period. The report includes data for the states using State-based Marketplaces (SBMs) that use their own eligibility and enrollment platforms Source: State-based Marketplace (SBM) operational data submitted to CMS. Each monthly reporting period occurs during the first through last day of the reported month. SBMs report relevant Marketplace activity from April 2023 (when unwinding-related renewals were initiated in most SBMs) through the end of a state’s Medicaid unwinding renewal period and processing timeline, which will vary by SBM. Some SBMs did not receive unwinding-related applications during reporting period months in April or May 2023 due to renewal processing timelines. SBMs that are no longer reporting Marketplace activity due to the completion of a state’s Medicaid unwinding renewal period are marked as NA. Some SBMs may revise data from a prior month and thus this data may not align with that previously reported. For April, Idaho’s reporting period was from February 1, 2023 to April 30, 2023. Notes: This table represents consumers whose Medicaid/CHIP coverage was denied or terminated following renewal and 1) whose applications were processed by an SBM through an integrated Medicaid, CHIP, and Marketplace eligibility system or 2) whose applications/information was sent by a state Medicaid or CHIP agency to an SBM through an account transfer process. Consumers who submitted applications to an SBM that can be matched to a Medicaid/CHIP record are also included. See the "Data Sources and Metrics Definition Overview" at http://www.medicaid.gov for a full description of the differences between the SBM operating systems and resulting data metrics, measure definitions, and general data limitations. As of the September 2023 report, this table was updated to differentiate between SBMs with an integrated Medicaid, CHIP, and Marketplace eligibility system and those with an account transfer process to better represent the percentage of QHP selections in relation to applicable consumers received and processed by the relevant SBM. State-specific variations are: - Maine’s data and Nevada’s April and May 2023 data report all applications with Medicaid/CHIP denials or terminations, not only those part of the annual renewal process. - Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Washington also report applications with consumers determined ineligible for Medicaid/CHIP due to procedural reasons. - Minnesota and New York report on eligibility and enrollment for their Basic Health Programs (BHP). Effective April 1, 2024, New York transitioned its BHP to a program operated under a section 1332 waiver, which expands eligibility to individuals with incomes up to 250% of FPL. As of the March 2024 data, New York reports on consumers with expanded eligibility and enrollment under the section 1332 waiver program in the BHP data. - Idaho’s April data on consumers eligible for a QHP with financial assistance do not depict a direct correlation to consumers with a QHP selection. - Virginia transitioned from using the HealthCare.gov platform in Plan Year 2023 to an SBM using its own eligibility and enrollment platform in Plan Year 2024. Virginia's data are reported in the HealthCare.gov and HeathCare.gov Transitions Marketplace Medicaid Unwinding Reports through the end of 2024 and is available in SBM reports as of the April 2024 report. Virginia's SBM data report all applications with Medicaid/CHIP denials or terminations, not only those part of the annual renewal process, and as a result are not directly comparable to their data in the HealthCare.gov data reports. - Only SBMs with an automatic plan assignment process have and report automatic QHP selections. These SBMs make automatic plan assignments into a QHP for a subset of individuals and provide a notification of options regarding active selection of an alternative plan and/or, if appli

As of August 1, 2024, approximately 2.5 million Medicaid enrollees have been disenrolled in Texas, the highest number of people disenrolled across all states in the United States. Overall, more than 24.5 million people in the United States have lost their Medicaid coverage, the majority of those terminations were for so-called procedural reasons, which means that the enrollees did not finish the renewal process for various reasons.

In fiscal year 2021, Medicaid spent 8,651 U.S. dollars per full-year equivalent enrollee. However, spending per enrollee varied by state with North Dakota spending the most per enrollee at 12,434 U.S. dollars, while in South Carolina each Medicaid enrollee cost 5,191 U.S. dollars. This statistic illustrates Medicaid benefit spending per full-year equivalent (FYE) enrollee in the United States in FY 2021, by state.

Medicaid is an important public health insurance for individuals with a low income, those that are pregnant, disabled or are children. It was projected that by 2020 there would be approximately 76.7 million Medicaid enrollees. By 2027 that number is expected to increase to 82 million individuals covered.

Medicaid in the focus

Medicaid has recently been in the news for several reasons. A proposed Medicaid expansion was announced with the implementation of the Affordable Care Act in 2010. According to the expansion, all states were given the option to expand Medicaid programs to help provide insurance coverage to millions of U.S. Americans. As of 2019, 32 states have accepted federal funding to expand their Medicaid programs. Medicaid, after Medicare and private insurance, provides a significant proportion of the total health expenditures in the United States. In general, Medicaid expenditure, like the number of enrollees, has been growing over time.

Medicaid demographics

A significant proportion of Medicaid enrollees in the U.S. are children and low-income adults. Despite children accounting for most of the enrollees in the Medicaid program, the largest percentage of expenditures for Medicaid is dedicated to those enrolled as a disabled individual. Expenditures for the program also vary regionally. The states with the highest Medicaid expenditures include California, New York and Texas, to name a few.

This data set includes annual counts and percentages of Medicaid and Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) enrollees who received mental health (MH) or substance use disorder (SUD) services, overall and by six subpopulation topics: age group, sex or gender identity, race and ethnicity, urban or rural residence, eligibility category, and primary language. These results were generated using Transformed Medicaid Statistical Information System (T-MSIS) Analytic Files (TAF) Release 1 data and the Race/Ethnicity Imputation Companion File. This data set includes Medicaid and CHIP enrollees in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands, ages 12 to 64 at the end of the calendar year, who were not dually eligible for Medicare and were continuously enrolled with comprehensive benefits for 12 months, with no more than one gap in enrollment exceeding 45 days. Enrollees who received services for both an MH condition and SUD in the year are counted toward both condition categories. Enrollees in Guam, American Samoa, the Northern Mariana Islands, and select states with TAF data quality issues are not included. Results shown for the race and ethnicity subpopulation topic exclude enrollees in the U.S. Virgin Islands. Results shown for the primary language subpopulation topic exclude select states with data quality issues with the primary language variable in TAF. Some rows in the data set have a value of "DS," which indicates that data were suppressed according to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services’ Cell Suppression Policy for values between 1 and 10. This data set is based on the brief: "Medicaid and CHIP enrollees who received mental health or SUD services in 2020." Enrollees are assigned to an age group subpopulation using age as of December 31st of the calendar year. Enrollees are assigned to a sex or gender identity subpopulation using their latest reported sex in the calendar year. Enrollees are assigned to a race and ethnicity subpopulation using the state-reported race and ethnicity information in TAF when it is available and of good quality; if it is missing or unreliable, race and ethnicity is indirectly estimated using an enhanced version of Bayesian Improved Surname Geocoding (BISG) (Race and ethnicity of the national Medicaid and CHIP population in 2020). Enrollees are assigned to an urban or rural subpopulation based on the 2010 Rural-Urban Commuting Area (RUCA) code associated with their home or mailing address ZIP code in TAF (Rural Medicaid and CHIP enrollees in 2020). Enrollees are assigned to an eligibility category subpopulation using their latest reported eligibility group code, CHIP code, and age in the calendar year. Enrollees are assigned to a primary language subpopulation based on their reported ISO language code in TAF (English/missing, Spanish, and all other language codes) (Primary Language). Please refer to the full brief for additional context about the methodology and detailed findings. Future updates to this data set will include more recent data years as the TAF data become available.

Metrics from individual Marketplaces during the current reporting period. The report includes data for the states using HealthCare.gov. Sources: HealthCare.gov application and policy data through October 6, 2024, HealthCare.gov inbound account transfer data through November 7, 2024, and T-MSIS Analytic Files (TAF) through July 2024 (TAF version 7.1). The table includes states that use HealthCare.gov. Notes: This table includes Marketplace consumers who submitted a HealthCare.gov application from March 6, 2023 - October 6, 2024 or who had an inbound account transfer from April 3, 2023 - November 7, 2024, who can be linked to an enrollment record in TAF that shows a last day of Medicaid or CHIP enrollment from March 31, 2023 - July 31, 2024. Beneficiaries with a leaving event may have continuous coverage through another coverage source, including Medicaid or CHIP coverage in another state. However, a beneficiary that lost Medicaid or CHIP coverage and regained coverage in the same state must have a gap of at least 31 days or a full calendar month. This table includes Medicaid or CHIP beneficiaries with full benefits in the month they left Medicaid or CHIP coverage. ‘Account Transfer Consumers Whose Medicaid or CHIP Coverage was Terminated’ are consumers 1) whose full benefit Medicaid or CHIP coverage was terminated and 2) were sent by a state Medicaid or CHIP agency via secure electronic file to the HealthCare.gov Marketplace in a process referred to as an inbound account transfer either 2 months before or 4 months after they left Medicaid or CHIP. 'Marketplace Consumers Not on Account Transfer Whose Medicaid or CHIP Coverage was Terminated' are consumers 1) who applied at the HealthCare.gov Marketplace and 2) were not sent by a state Medicaid or CHIP agency via an inbound account transfer either 2 months before or 4 months after they left Medicaid or CHIP. Marketplace consumers counts are based on the month Medicaid or CHIP coverage was terminated for a beneficiary. Counts include all recent Marketplace activity. HealthCare.gov data are organized by week. Reporting months start on the first Monday of the month and end on the first Sunday of the next month when the last day of the reporting month is not a Sunday. HealthCare.gov data are through Sunday, October 6. Data are preliminary and will be restated over time to reflect consumers most recent HealthCare.gov status. Data may change as states resubmit T-MSIS data or data quality issues are identified. See the data and methodology documentation for a full description of the data sources, measure definitions, and general data limitations. Data notes: The percentages for the 'Marketplace Consumers Not on Account Transfer whose Medicaid or CHIP Coverage was Terminated' data record group are marked as not available (NA) because the full population of consumers without an account transfer was not available for this report. Virginia operated a Federally Facilitated Exchange (FFE) on the HealthCare.gov platform during 2023. In 2024, the state started operating a State Based Marketplace (SBM) platform. This table only includes data about 2023 applications and policies obtained through the HealthCare.gov Marketplace. Due to limited Marketplace activity on the HealthCare.gov platform in November 2023, data from November 2023 onward are excluded. The cumulative count and percentage for Virginia and the HealthCare.gov total reflect Virginia data from April 2023 through October 2023. APTC: Advance Premium Tax Credit; CHIP: Children's Health Insurance Program; QHP: Qualified Health Plan; NA: Not Available

All states (including the District of Columbia) provide data to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) on a range of Medicaid and Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) eligibility and enrollment metrics. These data reflect state-reported information on Medicaid and CHIP eligibility renewals initiated and scheduled for completion during the reporting period. In addition to reporting the outcomes of renewals at the end of each reporting period, states also provide an update on renewals that were reported pending as of the end of a reporting period. For more information on these data, see Sections II and III of the Eligibility Processing Data Report specifications. Notes: Georgia reported data for individuals who continue to be eligible following a change in circumstances and were granted a new 12-month eligibility period during the reporting period, along with data on individuals due for renewal in the month. North Carolina reports renewal outcomes for only initiated renewals scheduled for completion in the report month, and as such, the data do not reflect renewals that should have been completed in the reporting period that the state was unable to initiate by the end of the report month.

In the fiscal year 2022, Medicaid expenditure in California amounted to a total of about 119 billion U.S. dollars, of which 81 billion U.S. dollars were federal-funded and approximately 38 billion U.S. dollars were state-funded. California had, as expected, the highest spending and also the largest number of people enrolled in Medicaid in the United States. The Federal Medical Assistance Percentage (FMAP) varies by state depending on the state's per capita income compared to the national average.

Metrics from individual Marketplaces during the current reporting period. The report includes data for the states using HealthCare.gov. As of August 2024, CMS is no longer releasing the “HealthCare.gov” metrics. Historical data between July 2023-July 2024 will remain available. The “HealthCare.gov Transitions” metrics, which are the CAA, 2023 required metrics, will continue to be released.
Sources: HealthCare.gov application and policy data through May 5, 2024, and T-MSIS Analytic Files (TAF) through March 2024 (TAF version 7.1 with T-MSIS enrollment through the end of March 2024). Data include consumers in HealthCare.gov states where the first unwinding renewal cohort is due on or after the end of reporting month (state identification based on HealthCare.gov policy and application data). State data start being reported in the month when the state's first unwinding renewal cohort is due. April data include Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, New Hampshire, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming. May data include the previous states and the following new states: Alaska, Delaware, Georgia, Hawaii, Montana, North Dakota, South Carolina, Texas, and Virginia. June data include the previous states and the following new states: Alabama, Illinois, Louisiana, Michigan, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Wisconsin. July data include the previous states and Oregon. All HealthCare.gov states are included in this version of the report.
Notes:

1. This table includes Marketplace consumers who: 1) submitted a HealthCare.gov application on or after the start of each state’s first reporting month; and 2) who can be linked to an enrollment record in TAF that shows Medicaid or CHIP enrollment between March 2023 and the latest reporting month.
2. Cumulative counts show the number of unique consumers from the included population who had a Marketplace application submitted or a HealthCare.gov Marketplace policy on or after the start of each state’s first reporting month through the latest reporting month. Net counts show the difference between the cumulative counts through a given reporting month and previous reporting months.
3. The data used to produce the metrics are organized by week. Reporting months start on the first Monday of the month and end on the first Sunday of the next month when the last day of the reporting month is not a Sunday. For example, the April 2023 reporting period extends from Monday, April 3 through Sunday, April 30.
4. Data are preliminary and will be restated over time to reflect consumers most recent HealthCare.gov status. Data may change as states resubmit T-MSIS data or data quality issues are identified.
5. Data do not represent Marketplace consumers who had a confirmed Medicaid/CHIP loss. Future reporting will look at coverage transitions for people who lost Medicaid/CHIP.
6. See the data and methodology documentation for a full description of the data sources, measure definitions, and general data limitations.

Data notes:

1. Virginia operated a Federally Facilitated Exchange (FFE) on the HealthCare.gov platform during 2023. In 2024, the state started operating a State Based Marketplace (SBM) platform. This table only includes data on 2023 applications and policies obtained through the HealthCare.gov Marketplace. Due to limited Marketplace activity on the HealthCare.gov platform in December 2023, data from December 2023 onward are excluded. The cumulative count and percentage for Virginia and the HealthCare.gov total reflect Virginia data from April 2023 through November 2023.
2. The report may include negative 'net counts,' which reflect that there were cumulatively fewer counts from one month to the next.
3. Wyoming has negative ‘net counts’ for most of its metrics in March 2024, including 'Marketplace Consumers with Previous Medicaid or CHIP Enrollment.' Negative counts reflect that there were cumulatively fewer individual counts from one month to the next. The net percentages have been replaced with an asterisk for March 2024 due to the uninterpretable values.

Percentages shown are of total Marketplace consumers with previous Medicaid or CHIP enrollment.
Some cells have a value of "NR" or not reported. State data starts being reported in the month when the state's first unwinding renewal cohort is due.

APTC: Advance Premium Tax Credit; CHIP: Children's Health Insurance Program; NR: Not reported; QHP: Qualified Health Plan

2023 saw the largest expenditures on Medicaid in U.S. history. At that time about 894 billion U.S. dollars were expended on the Medicaid public health insurance program that aims to provide affordable health care options to low income residents and people with disabilities. Medicaid was signed into law in 1965. By 1975 around 13 billion U.S. dollars were spent on the program. Groups covered by Medicaid There are several components of the Medicaid health insurance program. The Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) was started in 1997 to provide health coverage to families and children that could not afford care. As of 2021, children represented the largest distribution of Medicaid enrollees. Despite having the largest proportion of enrollees, those that were enrolled in Medicaid as children had the lowest spending per enrollee. As of 2021, disabled Medicaid enrollees had the highest spending per enrollee. Medicaid expenditures Currently, Medicaid accounts for 19 percent of all health care expenditure in the United States. Expenditures on Medicaid programs vary among the U.S. states and depend heavily on whether Medicaid expansion was accepted after the Affordable Care Act was enacted. California and New York are the top states with the highest Medicaid expenditures. It is projected that Medicaid expenditure will continue to increase at both the state and federal levels.

The Medicaid Managed Care Enrollment Report profiles enrollment statistics on Medicaid managed care programs on a plan-specific level. The managed care enrollment statistics include enrollees receiving comprehensive benefits and limited benefits and are point-in-time counts. Because Medicaid beneficiaries may be enrolled concurrently in more than one type of managed care program (e.g., a Comprehensive MCO and a BHO), users should not sum enrollment across all program types, since the total would count individuals more than once and, in some states, exceed the actual number of Medicaid enrollees. Comprehensive MCOs cover acute, primary, and specialty medical care services; they may also cover behavioral health, long-term services and supports, and other benefits in some states. Limited benefit managed care programs, including PCCM, MLTSS only, BHO, Dental, Transportation, and Other cover a narrower set of services. The “Total Medicaid Enrollees” column represents an unduplicated count of all beneficiaries in FFS and any type of managed care, including Medicaid-only and dually eligible individuals receiving full Medicaid benefits or Medicaid cost sharing. "--" indicates states that do not operate programs of a given type. 0 signifies that a state operated a program of this type in 2014, but it ended before July 1, 2014, or began after that date.

Big “p” policy changes at the state and federal level are certainly important to health equity, such as eligibility for and generosity of Medicaid benefits. Medicaid expansion has significantly expanded the number of people who are eligible for Medicaid and the creation of the health insurance exchanges (Marketplace) under the Affordable Care Act created a very visible avenue through which people can learn that they are eligible. Although many applications are now submitted online, physical access to state, county, and tribal government Medicaid offices still plays a critical role in understanding eligibility, getting help in applying, and navigating required documentation for both initial enrollment and redetermination of eligibility. However, as more government functions have moved online, in-person office locations and/or staff may have been cut to reduce costs, and gentrification has shifted where minoritized, marginalized, and/or low-income populations live, it is unclear if this key local connection point between residents and Medicaid has been maintained. Our objective was to identify and geocode all Medicaid offices in the United States for pairing with other spatial data (e.g., demographics, Medicaid participation, health care use, health outcomes) to investigate policy-relevant research questions. Three coders identified Medicaid office addresses in all 50 states and the District of Columbia by searching state government websites (e.g., Department of Health and Human Services or analogous state agency) during late 2021 and early 2022 for the appropriate Medicaid agency and its office locations, which were then reviewed for accuracy by a fourth coder. Our corpus of Medicaid office addresses was then geocoded using the Census Geocoder from the US Census Bureau (https://geocoding.geo.census.gov/geocoder/) with unresolved addresses investigated and/or manually geocoded using Google Maps. The corpus was updated in August through December 2023 following the end of the COVID-19 public health emergency by a fifth coder as several states closed and/or combined offices during the pandemic. After deduplication (e.g., where multiple counties share a single office) and removal of mailing addresses (e.g., PO Boxes), our dataset includes 3,027 Medicaid office locations. 1 (December 19, 2023) – original version 2 (January 25, 2024) – added related publication (Data in Brief), corrected two records that were missing negative signs in longitude 3 (February 6, 2024) – corrected latitude and longitude for one office (1340 State Route 9, Lake George, NY 12845) 4 (March 4, 2024) – added one office for Vermont after contacting relevant state agency (280 State Road, Waterbury, VT 05671)

Children accounted for 36.5 percent of Medicaid enrollees in 2021, which was the largest share of all enrollment groups. The elderly and persons with disabilities had the smallest shares, but together they accounted for more than half of all Medicaid expenditure.

Medicaid expenditures per enrollee Medicaid is a joint federal and state health care program in the United States. The program provides medical coverage to millions of Americans and supports a variety of enrollment groups, particularly senior citizens and individuals with disabilities. Medicaid per enrollee spending is significantly higher for these two groups because they require more frequent and costly long-term care in the community and nursing homes. In 2022 of the total U.S. health expenditure on home health care, Medicaid paid one-third.

Millions of Americans are uninsured The United States has a multi-payer health care system, meaning that some Americans will be covered by private health insurance, and others will be covered by a government program such as Medicaid. However, approximately 27.6 million people in the U.S. had no health insurance in 2021, and should they require health care, they would have to pay the full price out of their own pocket. This becomes a real problem for many because the United States has the most expensive health care system in the world.

This report provides information at the state and town level of people served by the Connecticut Department of Social Services for the Calendar Years 2012-2024 by demographics (gender, age-groups, race, and ethnicity) at the state and town level by Medical Benefit Plan (Husky A-D, Husky limited benefit, MSP and Other Medical); Assistance Type (Cash, Food, Medical, Other); and Program (CADAP, CHCPE, CHIP, ConnTRANS, Medicaid, Medical, MSP, Refugee Cash, Repatriation, SAGA, SAGA Funeral, SNAP, Social Work Services, State Funded Medical, State Supplement, TFA). NOTE: On March 2020, Connecticut opted to add a new Medicaid coverage group: the COVID-19 Testing Coverage for the Uninsured. Enrollment data on this limited-benefit Medicaid coverage group is being incorporated into Medicaid data effective January 1, 2021. Enrollment data for this coverage group prior to January 1, 2021, was listed under State Funded Medical. Effective January 1, 2021, this coverage group have been separated: (1) the COVID-19 Testing Coverage for the Uninsured is now G06-I and is now listed as a limited benefit plan that rolls up into “Program Name” of Medicaid and “Medical Benefit Plan” of HUSKY Limited Benefit; (2) the emergency medical coverage has been separated into G06-II as a limited benefit plan that rolls up into “Program Name” of Emergency Medical and “Medical Benefit Plan” of Other Medical. NOTE: On April 22, 2019 the methodology for determining HUSKY A Newborn recipients changed, which caused an increase of recipients for that benefit starting in October 2016. We now count recipients recorded in the ImpaCT system as well as in the HIX system for that assistance type, instead using HIX exclusively. Also, the methodology for determining the address of the recipients has changed: 1. The address of a recipient in the ImpaCT system is now correctly determined specific to that month instead of using the address of the most recent month. This resulted in some shuffling of the recipients among townships starting in October 2016. 2. If, in a given month, a recipient has benefit records in both the HIX system and in the ImpaCT system, the address of the recipient is now calculated as follows to resolve conflicts: Use the residential address in ImpaCT if it exists, else use the mailing address in ImpaCT if it exists, else use the address in HIX. This change in methodology causes a reduction in counts for most townships starting in March 2017 because a single address is now used instead of two when the systems do not agree. NOTE: On February 14 2019, the enrollment counts for 2012-2015 across all programs were updated to account for an error in the data integration process. As a result, the count of the number of people served increased by 13% for 2012, 10% for 2013, 8% for 2014 and 4% for 2015. Counts for 2016, 2017 and 2018 remain unchanged.

In 2022, just under four in ten Medicaid/CHIP enrollees were White, non-Hispanic. In comparison, roughly three-quarters of Medicare beneficiaries were White. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) Medicaid expansion in 2014, has helped reduce racial disparities in access to healthcare in the United States.

Medicaid eligibility

Medicaid provides health coverage to certain low-income individuals, families, children, pregnant women, the elderly, and persons with disabilities. Each state has its own Medicaid eligibility criteria in accordance with federal guidelines. As a result, Medicaid eligibility and benefits differ widely from state to state. Medicaid expansion provision under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) allows states to provide coverage for low-income adults by expanding eligibility for Medicaid to 138 percent of the federal poverty line (FPL).

Medicaid coverage gap

Uninsured individuals who live in states that have chosen not to expand Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) are referred to as being in the Medicaid coverage gap. As of January 2021, 12 states have not adopted the Medicaid expansion provision under the Affordable Care Act (ACA). More than two million uninsured adults fall into this coverage gap, and among them, more than 60 percent are people of color.

Context

This public dataset was created by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. The data summarize counts of enrollees who are dually-eligible for both Medicare and Medicaid program, including those in Medicare Savings Programs. “Duals” represent 20 percent of all Medicare beneficiaries, yet they account for 34 percent of all spending by the program, according to the Commonwealth Fund . As a representation of this high-needs, high-cost population, these data offer a view of regions ripe for more intensive care coordination that can address complex social and clinical needs. In addition to the high cost savings opportunity to deliver upstream clinical interventions, this population represents the county-by-county volume of patients who are eligible for both state level (Medicaid) and federal level (Medicare) reimbursements and potential funding streams to address unmet social needs across various programs, waivers, and other projects. The dataset includes eligibility type and enrollment by quarter, at both the state and county level. These data represent monthly snapshots submitted by states to the CMS, which are inherently lower than ever-enrolled counts (which include persons enrolled at any time during a calendar year.) For more information on dually eligible beneficiaries

Querying BigQuery tables

You can use the BigQuery Python client library to query tables in this dataset in Kernels. Note that methods available in Kernels are limited to querying data. Tables are at bigquery-public-data.sdoh_cms_dual_eligible_enrollment.

Sample Query

In what counties in Michigan has the number of dual-eligible individuals increased the most from 2015 to 2018? Find the counties in Michigan which have experienced the largest increase of dual enrollment households

duals_Jan_2015 AS ( SELECT Public_Total AS duals_2015, County_Name, FIPS FROM bigquery-public-data.sdoh_cms_dual_eligible_enrollment.dual_eligible_enrollment_by_county_and_program WHERE State_Abbr = "MI" AND Date = '2015-12-01' ),

duals_increase AS ( SELECT d18.FIPS, d18.County_Name, d15.duals_2015, d18.duals_2018, (d18.duals_2018 - d15.duals_2015) AS total_duals_diff FROM duals_Jan_2018 d18 JOIN duals_Jan_2015 d15 ON d18.FIPS = d15.FIPS )

SELECT * FROM duals_increase WHERE total_duals_diff IS NOT NULL ORDER BY total_duals_diff DESC

This data set includes monthly counts and rates (per 1,000 beneficiaries) of acute care services, including emergency department (ED) visits, inpatient stays, intensive care unit (ICU) stays, and ICU stays that include ventilator use, provided to Medicaid and CHIP beneficiaries, by state. Users can filter to acute care services for any reason, or acute care services for COVID-19. These metrics are based on data in the T-MSIS Analytic Files (TAF). Some states have serious data quality issues for one or more months, making the data unusable for calculating acute care services measures. To assess data quality, analysts adapted measures featured in the DQ Atlas. Data for a state and month are considered unusable if at least one of the following topics meets the DQ Atlas threshold for unusable: Total Medicaid and CHIP Enrollment, Claims Volume - IP, Claims Volume - OT, Diagnosis Code - IP, Diagnosis Code - OT, Procedure Codes - OT Professional. Please refer to the DQ Atlas at http://medicaid.gov/dq-atlas for more information about data quality assessment methods. Cells with a value of “DQ” indicate that data were suppressed due to unusable data. Some cells have a value of “DS”. This indicates that data were suppressed for confidentiality reasons because the group included fewer than 11 beneficiaries.

This data set includes annual counts and percentages of Medicaid enrollees who are eligible for benefits based on disability, overall; by reason for qualification of disability benefits; and by four subpopulation topics: age group, dual eligibility status, race and ethnicity, and managed care participation. These results were generated using Transformed Medicaid Statistical Information System (T-MSIS) Analytic Files (TAF) Release 1 data and the Race/Ethnicity Imputation Companion File. This data set includes Medicaid enrollees in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands who were enrolled for at least one day in the calendar year, except where otherwise noted. Enrollees in Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands are not included. The Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) does not confer eligibility based on disability, so Medicaid expansion CHIP (M-CHIP) and separate CHIP (S-CHIP) enrollees are not included. Results shown for the race and ethnicity subpopulation topic exclude enrollees in the U.S. Virgin Islands. Results shown for the dual eligibility, race and ethnicity, and managed care participation subpopulation topics are restricted to working-age adults (ages 19 to 64) with comprehensive Medicaid benefits. Some rows in the data set have a value of "DS," which indicates that data were suppressed according to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services’ Cell Suppression Policy for values between 1 and 10. This data set is based on the brief: "Medicaid enrollees who qualify for benefits based on disability in 2020." Enrollees are assigned to a disability category based on their latest reported eligibility group code and age in the calendar year. Enrollees are assigned to an age group subpopulation using age as of December 31st of the calendar year. Enrollees are assigned to a dual eligibility status subpopulation based on the dual eligibility code that applies to the majority of their enrolled-months during the year (Dual Eligibility Code). Enrollees are assigned to a race and ethnicity subpopulation using the state-reported race and ethnicity information in TAF when it is available and of good quality; if it is missing or unreliable, race and ethnicity is indirectly estimated using an enhanced version of Bayesian Improved Surname Geocoding (BISG) (Race and ethnicity of the national Medicaid and CHIP population in 2020). Enrollees are assigned to a managed care participation subpopulation based on the managed care plan type code that applies to the majority of their enrolled-months during the year (Enrollment in CMC Plans). Please refer to the full brief for additional context about the methodology and detailed findings. Future updates to this data set will include more recent data years as the TAF data become available.