Global primary energy consumption has increased dramatically in recent years and is projected to continue to increase until 2045. Only hydropower and renewable energy consumption are expected to increase between 2045 and 2050 and reach 30 percent of the global energy consumption. Energy consumption by country The distribution of energy consumption globally is disproportionately high among some countries. China, the United States, and India were by far the largest consumers of primary energy globally. On a per capita basis, it was Qatar, Singapore, the United Arab Emirates, and Iceland to have the highest per capita energy consumption. Renewable energy consumption Over the last two decades, renewable energy consumption has increased to reach over 90 exajoules in 2023. Among all countries globally, China had the largest installed renewable energy capacity as of that year, followed by the United States.

China's daily biofuel production reached 78 thousand barrels of oil equivalent in 2023, an increase by eight thousand barrels of oil equivalent per day in comparison to the year prior. Between 2002 and 2023, production of biofuels in the East Asian country experienced a growth of 75 thousand barrels of oil equivalent per day. As of 2022, China's production corresponded to 3.5 percent of the global biofuel production.

China is the largest consumer of primary energy in the world, having used some 170.7 exajoules in 2023. This is a lot more than what the United States consumed, which comes in second place. The majority of primary energy fuels worldwide are still derived from fossil fuels, such as oil and coal. China's energy mix China’s primary energy mix has shifted from a dominant use of coal to an increase in natural gas and renewable sources. Since 2013, the renewables share in total energy consumption has grown by around eight percentage points. Overall, global primary energy consumption has increased over the last decade, and it is expected to experience the largest growth in emerging economies like the BRIC countries - Brazil, Russia, India, and China. What is primary energy? Primary energy is the energy inherent in natural resources such as crude oil, coal, and wind before further transformation. For example, crude oil can be refined into secondary fuels, such as gasoline or diesel, while wind is harnessed for electricity - itself a secondary energy source. A country’s total primary energy supply is a measure of the country’s primary energy sources. Meanwhile, end use energy is the energy directly consumed by the user and includes primary fuels such as natural gas, as well as secondary sources, like electricity and gasoline.

Recommended citation

Gütschow, J.; Busch, D.; Pflüger, M. (2024): The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series v2.6 (1750-2023). zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.13752654.

Gütschow, J.; Jeffery, L.; Gieseke, R.; Gebel, R.; Stevens, D.; Krapp, M.; Rocha, M. (2016): The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 8, 571-603, doi:10.5194/essd-8-571-2016

Content

• Use of the dataset and full description
• Abstract
• Support
• Sources
• Files included in the dataset
• Notes
• Data format description (columns)
• References
• Changelog

Abstract

The PRIMAP-hist dataset combines several published datasets to create a comprehensive set of greenhouse gas emission pathways for every country and Kyoto gas, covering the years 1750 to 2023, and almost all UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) member states as well as most non-UNFCCC territories. The data resolves the main IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) 2006 categories. For CO2, CH4, and N2O subsector data for Energy, Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU), and Agriculture are available. The "country reported data priority" (CR) scenario of the PRIMAP-hist datset prioritizes data that individual countries report to the UNFCCC. For developed countries, AnnexI in terms of the UNFCCC, this is the data submitted anually in the "common reporting format" (CRF). For developing countries, non-AnnexI in terms of the UNFCCC, this is the data available through the UNFCCC DI portal (di.unfccc.int) with additional country submissions read from pdf and where available xls(x) or csv files. For a list of these submissions please see below. For South Korea the 2023 official GHG inventory has not yet been submitted to the UNFCCC but is included in PRIMAP-hist. PRIMAP-hist also includes official data for Taiwan which is not recognized as a party to the UNFCCC.

Gaps in the country reported data are filled using third party data such as CDIAC, EI (fossil CO2), Andrew cement emissions data (cement), FAOSTAT (agriculture), and EDGAR v8.0 (all sectors for CO2, CH4, N2O, except energy CO2), and EDGAR v7.0 (IPPU, f-gases). Lower priority data are harmonized to higher priority data in the gap-filling process.

For the third party priority time series gaps in the third party data are filled from country reported data sources.

Data for earlier years which are not available in the above mentioned sources are sourced from EDGAR-HYDE, CEDS, and RCP (N2O only) historical emissions.

The v2.4 release of PRIMAP-hist reduced the time-lag from 2 to 1 years for the October release. Thus the present version 2.6 includes data for 2023. For energy CO2 growth rates from the EI Statistical Review of World Energy are used to extend the country reported (CR) or CDIAC (TP) data to 2023. For CO2 from cement production Andrew cement data are used. For other gases and sectors we have to rely on numerical methods to estimate emissions for 2023.

Version 2.6 of the PRIMAP-hist dataset does not include emissions from Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry (LULUCF) in the main file. LULUCF data are included in the file with increased number of significant digits and have to be used with care as they are constructed from different sources using different methodologies and are not harmonized.

The PRIMAP-hist v2.6 dataset is an updated version of

Gütschow, J.; Pflüger, M.; Busch, D. (2024): The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series v2.5.1 (1750-2022). zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.10705513.

The Changelog indicates the most important changes. You can also check the issue tracker on github.com/JGuetschow/PRIMAP-hist for additional information on issues found after the release of the dataset. Detailed per country information is available from the detailed changelog which is available on the primap.org website and on zenodo.

Use of the dataset and full description

Before using the dataset, please read this document and the article describing the methodology, especially the section on uncertainties and the section on limitations of the method and use of the dataset.

Gütschow, J.; Jeffery, L.; Gieseke, R.; Gebel, R.; Stevens, D.; Krapp, M.; Rocha, M. (2016): The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 8, 571-603, doi:10.5194/essd-8-571-2016

Please notify us (mail@johannes-guetschow.de) if you use the dataset so that we can keep track of how it is used and take that into consideration when updating and improving the dataset.

When using this dataset or one of its updates, please cite the DOI of the precise version of the dataset used and also the data description article which this dataset is supplement to (see above). Please consider also citing the relevant original sources when using the PRIMAP-hist dataset. See the full citations in the References section further below.

Since version 2.3 we use the data formats developed for the PRIMAP2 climate policy analysis suite: PRIMAP2 on GitHub. The data are published both in the interchange format which consists of a csv file with the data and a yaml file with additional metadata and the native NetCDF based format. For a detailed description of the data format we refer to the PRIMAP2 documentation.

We have also included files with more than three significant digits. These files are mainly aimed at people doing policy analysis using the country reported data scenario (HISTCR). Using the high precision data they can avoid questions on discrepancies with the reported data. The uncertainties of emissions data do not justify the additional significant digits and they might give a false sense of accuracy, so please use this version of the dataset with extra care.

Support

If you encounter possible errors or other things that should be noted, please check our issue tracker at github.com/JGuetschow/PRIMAP-hist and report your findings there. Please use the tag "v2.6" in any issue you create regarding this dataset.

If you need support in using the dataset or have any other questions regarding the dataset, please contact johannes.guetschow@climate-resource.com.

Climate Resource makes this data available CC BY 4.0 licence. Free support is limited to simple questions and non-commercial users. We also provide additional data, and data support services to clients wanting more frequent updates, additional metadata or to integrate these datasets into their workflows. Get in touch at contact@climate-resource.com if you are interested.

Sources

• Global CO2 emissions from cement production v240517 data, paper: Andrew
  (2024), Andrew (2019)
• EI Statistical Review of World Energy website: Energy Institute (2024)
• CDIAC data: Hefner and Marland (2023), data: Hefner (2024), paper: Gilfillan and Marland (2021)
• CEDS: data: Hoesly et al. (2020), paper: Hoesly et al. (2018)
• EDGAR version 8.0: data/website: European Commission, JRC (2023), report: European Commission. Joint Research Centre. (2023)
• EDGAR version 7.0: data, website, Reports: JRC (2022), reports: European
  Commission Joint Research Centre (2022), European Commission Joint Research Centre (2021),
• EDGAR-HYDE 1.4 data: Van Aardenne et al. (2001), Olivier and Berdowski (2001)
• FAOSTAT database data: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2024)
• RCP historical data data, paper: Meinshausen et al. (2011)
• UNFCCC National Communications and National Inventory Reports for developing countries available from the UNFCCC DI portal website, data: UNFCCC (2024e), Pflüger and Gütschow (2024)
• UNFCCC Bnnial Update Reports, National Communications, and National Inventory
  Reports for developing countries website-BURs, <a

Recommended citation

Gütschow, J.; Pflüger, M. (2023): The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series v2.4.2 (1750-2021). zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.7727475.

Gütschow, J.; Jeffery, L.; Gieseke, R.; Gebel, R.; Stevens, D.; Krapp, M.; Rocha, M. (2016): The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 8, 571-603, doi:10.5194/essd-8-571-2016

Content

• Use of the dataset and full description
• Abstract
• Support
• Sources
• Files included in the dataset
• Notes
• Data format description (columns)
• References
• Changelog

Abstract

The PRIMAP-hist dataset combines several published datasets to create a comprehensive set of greenhouse gas emission pathways for every country and Kyoto gas, covering the years 1750 to 2021, and almost all UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) member states as well as most non-UNFCCC territories. The data resolves the main IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) 2006 categories. For CO₂, CH₄, and N₂O subsector data for Energy, Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU), and Agriculture are available. The "country reported data priority" (CR) scenario of the PRIMAP-hist datset prioritizes data that individual countries report to the UNFCCC. For developed countries, AnnexI in terms of the UNFCCC, this is the data submitted anually in the "common reporting format" (CRF). For developing countries, non-AnnexI in terms of the UNFCCC, this is the data available through the UNFCCC DI interface (di.unfccc.int) with additional country submissions read from pdf and where available xls(x) or csv files. For a list of these submissions please see below. For South Korea the 2021 official GHG inventory has not yet been submitted to the UNFCCC but is included in PRIMAP-hist. PRIMAP-hist also includes official data for Taiwan which is not recognized as a party to the UNFCCC.

Gaps in the country reported data are filled using third party data such as CDIAC, BP (fossil CO₂), Andrew cement emissions data (cement), FAOSTAT (agriculture), and EDGAR v7.0 (all sectors). Lower priority data are harmonized to higher priority data in the gap-filling process.

For the third party priority time series gaps in the third party data are filled from country reported data sources.

Data for earlier years which are not available in the above mentioned sources are sourced from EDGAR-HYDE, CEDS, and RCP (N₂O only) historical emissions.

The v2.4 release of PRIMAP-hist reduced the time-lag from 2 to 1 years. Thus we include data for 2021 while the 2.3.1 version included data for 2019 only. For energy CO$_2$ growth rates from the BP statistical review of world energy are used to extend the country reported (CR) or CDIAC (TP) data to 2021. For CO$_2$ from cement production Andrew cement data are used. For other gases and sectors, EDGAR 7.0 is used since PRIMAP-hist v2.4.1 (v2,4 had to rely on numerical methods ).

Version 2.4.2 of the PRIMAP-hist dataset does not include emissions from Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry (LULUCF) in the main file. LULUCF data are included in the file with increased number of significant digits and have to be used with care as they are constructed from different sources using different methodologies and are not harmonized.

The PRIMAP-hist v2.4.2 dataset is an updated version of

Gütschow, J.; Pflüger, M. (2023): The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series v2.4.1 (1750-2021). zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.7585420

The Changelog indicates the most important changes. You can also check the issue tracker on github.com/JGuetschow/PRIMAP-hist for additional information on issues found after the release of the dataset.

Use of the dataset and full description

Before using the dataset, please read this document and the article describing the methodology, especially the section on uncertainties and the section on limitations of the method and use of the dataset.

Gütschow, J.; Jeffery, L.; Gieseke, R.; Gebel, R.; Stevens, D.; Krapp, M.; Rocha, M. (2016): The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 8, 571-603, doi:10.5194/essd-8-571-2016

Please notify us (mail@johannes-guetschow.de) if you use the dataset so that we can keep track of how it is used and take that into consideration when updating and improving the dataset.

When using this dataset or one of its updates, please cite the DOI of the precise version of the dataset used and also the data description article which this dataset is supplement to (see above). Please consider also citing the relevant original sources when using the PRIMAP-hist dataset. See the full citations in the References section further below.

Since version 2.3 we use the data formats developed for the PRIMAP2 climate policy analysis suite: PRIMAP2 on GitHub. The data are published both in the interchange format which consists of a csv file with the data and a yaml file with additional metadata and the native NetCDF based format. For a detailed description of the data format we refer to the PRIMAP2 documentation.

We have also, for the first, time included files with more than three significant digits. These files are mainly aimed at people doing policy analysis using the country reported data scenario (HISTCR). Using the high precision data they can avoid questions on discrepancies with the reported data. The uncertainties of emissions data do not justify the additional significant digits and they might give a false sense of accuracy, so please use this version of the dataset with extra care.

Support

If you encounter possible errors or other things that should be noted, please check our issue tracker at github.com/JGuetschow/PRIMAP-hist and report your findings there. Please use the tag “v2.4.2” in any issue you create regarding this dataset.

If you need support in using the dataset or have any other questions regarding the dataset, please contact mail@johannes-guetschow.de.

Sources

• Global CO$_2$ emissions from cement production v220919 (Andrew 2022)** data, paper: Andrew
  (2022), Andrew (2019b)
• BP Statistical Review of World Energy website: British Petroleum (2022)
• CDIAC data: Boden et al. (2017): Gilfillan et al. (2020), paper Gilfillan and Marland (2021)
• EDGAR versions 4.2 and 4.2 FT2010: EDGAR v4.2, EDGAR v4.2 FT2010: JRC and PBL (2011), Olivier and Janssens-Maenhout (2012)
• EDGAR version 7.0: data, website, Reports: JRC (2022), JRC (2021)
• EDGAR-HYDE 1.4 data: Van Aardenne et al. (2001), Olivier and Berdowski (2001)
• FAOSTAT database data: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2023)
• RCP historical data data, paper: Meinshausen et al. (2011)
• UNFCCC National Communications and National Inventory Reports for developing countries website, slightly updated version of data: UNFCCC (2022c), Pflüger and Gütschow (2022)
• UNFCCC Biennial Update Reports website: UNFCCC (2022b)
• UNFCCC Common Reporting Format (CRF) website, paper, data (23-01-23): UNFCCC (2023a) (processed as described in Jeffery et al. (2018a))
• Official country repositories (non-UNFCCC)
  • Taiwan / Republic of China: website, data:

As per Cognitive Market Research's latest published report, the Global Oil Exploration and Production market size is $3,588.98 Million in 2024 and it is forecasted to reach $5,116.57 Billion by 2031. Oil Exploration and Production Industry's Compound Annual Growth Rate will be 5.20% from 2024 to 2031. Market Dynamics of the Oil Exploration and Production Market

Market Driver for the Oil Exploration and Production Market

The increasing investment in oil sector by several government bodies worldwide elevates the market growth 

Many countries view a stable and secure energy supply as crucial for their economic development and national security. Investing in the oil sector helps ensure a reliable source of energy. Oil exploration and production contribute significantly to the economic growth of a country. Governments often invest in the oil sector to capitalize on the potential for high returns, which can be used to fund public services, infrastructure projects, and other essential programs. Despite efforts to transition to renewable energy sources, the global demand for oil remains high. Governments recognize the need to meet this demand and ensure a stable energy supply to support industrial processes, transportation, and other key sectors. The oil and gas industry encompasses activities linked to exploration, including the search for hydrocarbons, identification of high-potential areas for oil and gas extraction, test drilling, the construction of wells, and initial extraction. According to the Center on Global Energy Policy, data 2023, the 2021–22 period of high oil and gas prices did not lead to a significant increase in capital spending by private companies despite record profits. One exception has been upstream exploration and production (E&P) companies, whose capital spending in 2022 was the highest since 2014.   According to the International Labor Organization (ILO), data 2022, the oil and gas industry makes a significant contribution to the global economy and to its growth and development worldwide. The oil industry alone accounts for almost 3 per cent of global domestic product. The trade in crude oil reached US$640 billion in 2020, making it one of the world’s most traded commodities. Additionally, the industry is highly capital-intensive. Globally investments in oil and gas supply reached more than US$511 billion in 2020. According to the oil and gas industry outlook, data 2023, rapid recovery in demand, and geopolitical developments have driven oil prices to 2014 highs and upstream cash flows to record levels. In 2022, the global upstream industry is projected to generate its highest-ever free cash flows of $1.4 trillion at an assumed average Brent oil price of $106/bbl. Until now, the industry has practiced capital discipline and focused on cash flow generation and pay-out—2022 year-to-date average O&G production is up by 4.5% over the same period last year, while 2022 free cash flows per barrel of production is projected to be higher by nearly 70% over 2021. In addition, high commodity prices and growing concerns over energy security are creating urgency for many to diversify supply and accelerate the energy transition. As a result, clean energy investment by Oil &Gas companies has risen by an average of 12% each year since 2020 and is expected to account for an estimated 5% of total Oil & Gas capex spending in 2022, up from less than 2% in 2020.Therefore, investments made over recent decades enabled the United States to become a world leader in oil and natural gas production. Thus, owing to increased oil production, the demand for oil exploration and production has surged during the past few years.

The rising demand for oil across both commercial and residential sector is expected to drive the market growth 

Oil remains a primary source of energy for transportation, including cars, trucks, ships, and airplanes. The growing global population, urbanization, and increased industrial activity contribute to a rise in the number of vehicles and the overall demand for transportation fuels derived from oil, such as gasoline and diesel. Many industrial processes rely on oil and its by-products as energy sources and raw materials. Industries such as manufacturing, petrochemicals, and construction utilize oil-based products for various applications, including heating, power generation, and the production of pl...

[221+ Pages Report] The global Energy Drinks market size is expected to grow from USD 46 billion in 2021 to USD 108 billion by 2028, at a CAGR of 8.15% from 2022-2028

[228+ Pages Report] The global electrical enclosures market size is expected to grow from USD 5.9 billion in 2021 to USD 11.1 billion by 2030, at a CAGR of 4.21% from 2022-2030

According to Cognitive Market Research, the global Gas Meters market size will be USD 4260 million in 2025. It will expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.90% from 2025 to 2033.

North America held the major market share for more than 40% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 1576.20 million in 2025 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.4% from 2025 to 2033.
Europe accounted for a market share of over 30% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 1235.40 million.
APAC held a market share of around 23% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 1022.40 million in 2025 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.6% from 2025 to 2033.
South America has a market share of more than 5% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 161.88 million in 2025 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.6% from 2025 to 2033.
Middle East had a market share of around 2% of the global revenue and was estimated at a market size of USD 170.40 million in 2025 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.2% from 2025 to 2033.
Africa had a market share of around 1% of the global revenue and was estimated at a market size of USD 93.72 million in 2025 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.2% from 2025 to 2033.
Calcium Channel Blockers category is the fastest growing segment of the Gas Meters industry

Market Dynamics of Gas Meters Market

Key Drivers for Gas Meters Market

Rising Demand for Natural Gas to Boost Market Growth

The growing consumption of natural gas as a cleaner and more efficient energy source is a key driver of the gas meters market. In 2023, global gas production saw a slight increase of 0.7% following a stagnation in 2022 (-0.1%). Notably, gas production in Asia rose by 3.5%, with China and India experiencing growth of approximately 6% and Indonesia by 2.1%. The global shift from coal to natural gas, driven by government policies and industrial initiatives, aims to reduce carbon emissions. Additionally, the increasing adoption of gas-powered vehicles, particularly in public transportation and fleet management, has heightened the demand for accurate gas metering solutions.

https://yearbook.enerdata.net/natural-gas/world-natural-gas-production-statistics.html./

Growth in Residential and Commercial Real Estate Sector to Boost Market Growth

The rapid expansion of residential and commercial construction worldwide is driving a higher demand for gas meters. One key factor behind this growth is the rising urban population, which is increasing the need for gas supply in homes, apartments, hotels, and shopping complexes. Globally, urbanization has been on the rise, with the proportion of people living in cities increasing from 52.5% in 2012 to an estimated 56.9% in 2022. Urbanization rates are generally higher in developed regions, reaching 79.7% in 2022, compared to 52.3% in developing regions and just 35.8% in least developed countries (LDCs). Over the past decade, urban growth has been particularly strong in developing economies, especially in Asia and Oceania, where the urban population increased from 44% in 2012 to 50.6% in 2022. Africa also experienced a 4.6 percentage point rise in urbanization during the same period. Additionally, the integration of automated gas metering systems in modern smart homes is further fueling market demand, as these systems enhance energy efficiency and provide real-time consumption data.

https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/tdstat48_FS011_en.pdf./

Restraint Factor for the Gas Meters Market

High Initial Installation and Infrastructure Costs, Will Limit Market Growth

A significant barrier to the widespread adoption of gas meters, particularly smart gas meters, is the high initial cost. The advanced technology used in smart gas meters, including IoT integration, requires substantial investment in hardware, software, and communication networks, making these solutions expensive. Additionally, the installation and maintenance of gas meters, especially in large-scale residential or industrial areas, involve infrastructure upgrades, skilled labor, and ongoing servicing, further increasing overall costs. This financial burden poses a challenge for both utility providers and consumers, particularly in developing regions, where the high cost of implementing smart metering solutions may be difficult to afford.

Mark...

The United States was the world’s leading exporter of natural gas in 2023, exporting 89.1 billion cubic meters of gas via pipelines and 114.4 billion cubic meters of liquefied natural gas (LNG). Russia was the second-largest natural gas exporter globally, followed by Qatar and Norway. Pipeline vs LNG exports Among other top natural gas exporters, Canada is one of only two countries relying exclusively on pipelines. Pipelines are considered the safest means of transporting gaseous fuels, however, their use is often limited to shorter distances over land. As such, the United States is Canada's only direct trading partner for natural gas. Pipelines are also the most common form of moving gas across the European continent, with the majority of Russian natural gas exports ending in European consumer markets. LNG on the other hand is mostly used in inter-continental exports to destinations far removed from large-scale producing sites. Japan, China, and South Korea make up more than half of the LNG import market share worldwide. Natural gas liquefaction When pipeline transport is not feasible, natural gas is liquified to be transported over long distances. During this process, natural gas is cooled down to minus 160 degrees Celsius, which results in a reduction of its volume by around 600-fold. Natural gas was first transported in its liquid stage in the late 1950s. In 2023, the United States was the country with the largest operating LNG export capacity worldwide, Australia came in second place. Also, the country with the leading LNG export capacity under development was United States.

Die Statistik zeigt die Raffineriekapazität für Erdöl in Thailand in den Jahren 1965 bis 2022. Im Jahr 2022 beliefen sich die Raffineriekapazitäten in Thailand auf durchschnittlich rund 1,24 Millionen Barrel Öl pro Tag.Der BP Statistical Review of World Energy erschien erstmalig 1951. Er enthält Zahlen, Daten und Fakten über die weltweite Produktion und den Verbrauch von Öl, Gas, Kohle, Kern- und Wasserkraft und erneuerbaren Energien. Laut Quelle sind die Kapazitäten für die atmosphärische Destillation auf der Grundlage eines Kalendertags angegeben.

Die vorliegende Statistik zeigt die Entwicklung des Verbrauchs von Erdöl in Kanada in den Jahren 1970 bis 2022 in Millionen Tonnen. Der Verbrauch von Erdöl in Kanada belief sich im Jahr 2022 auf rund 98 Millionen Tonnen.Der BP Statistical Review of World Energy erschien erstmalig 1951. Er enthält Zahlen, Daten und Fakten über die weltweite Produktion und den Verbrauch von Öl, Gas, Kohle, Kern- und Wasserkraft und erneuerbaren Energien. Der Verbrauch bezieht sich laut Quelle auf die Inlandsnachfrage, Tanklager für den internationalen Luft- und Schiffsverkehr, Raffineriebrennstoffe und Verluste. Ebenfalls eingeschlossen ist der Verbrauch von Ethanol und Biodiesel.

Die vorliegende Statistik zeigt die Entwicklung des Verbrauchs von Erdöl in Australien in den Jahren 1970 bis 2022 in Millionen Tonnen. Der Verbrauch von Erdöl in Australien belief sich im Jahr 2022 auf rund 47,3 Millionen Tonnen.Der BP Statistical Review of World Energy erschien erstmalig 1951. Er enthält Zahlen, Daten und Fakten über die weltweite Produktion und den Verbrauch von Öl, Gas, Kohle, Kern- und Wasserkraft und erneuerbaren Energien. Der Verbrauch bezieht sich laut Quelle auf die Inlandsnachfrage, Tanklager für den internationalen Luft- und Schiffsverkehr, Raffineriebrennstoffe und Verluste. Ebenfalls eingeschlossen ist der Verbrauch von Ethanol und Biodiesel.

Die Statistik zeigt die Raffineriekapazität für Erdöl in Taiwan in den Jahren 1965 bis 2022. Im Jahr 2022 beliefen sich die Raffineriekapazitäten in Taiwan auf durchschnittlich rund 1,08 Millionen Barrel Öl pro Tag.Der BP Statistical Review of World Energy erschien erstmalig 1951. Er enthält Zahlen, Daten und Fakten über die weltweite Produktion und den Verbrauch von Öl, Gas, Kohle, Kern- und Wasserkraft und erneuerbaren Energien. Laut Quelle sind die Kapazitäten für die atmosphärische Destillation auf der Grundlage eines Kalendertags angegeben.

Die vorliegende Statistik zeigt die Entwicklung des Verbrauchs von Erdöl in Belgien in den Jahren 1970 bis 2022 in Millionen Tonnen. Der Verbrauch bezieht sich laut Quelle auf die Inlandsnachfrage, Tanklager für den internationalen Luft- und Schiffsverkehr, Raffineriebrennstoffe und Verluste. Ebenfalls eingeschlossen ist der Verbrauch von Ethanol und Biodiesel. Der Verbrauch von Erdöl in Belgien belief sich im Jahr 2022 auf rund 26,5 Millionen Tonnen.Der BP Statistical Review of World Energy erschien erstmalig 1951. Er enthält Zahlen, Daten und Fakten über die weltweite Produktion und den Verbrauch von Öl, Gas, Kohle, Kern- und Wasserkraft und erneuerbaren Energien.

Responding to a 2024 survey, data center owners and operators reported an average annual power usage effectiveness (PUE) ratio of 1.56 at their largest data center. PUE is calculated by dividing the total power supplied to a facility by the power used to run IT equipment within the facility. A lower figure therefore indicates greater efficiency, as a smaller share of total power is being used to run secondary functions such as cooling.

In 2022, the United States was the largest uranium consuming nation worldwide, using a total of 18,050 metric tons of uranium.

What is uranium?

Uranium is a heavy metal that occurs in many rocks as well as in sea water. Its high density allows it to be used in the keels of yachts as well as for radiation shielding. However, it is most commonly known for its use as a source of concentrated energy in nuclear power plants. Under specialized nuclear reactors, various radioisotopes of uranium can be produced to use in medicine, food preservation, and industrial agriculture. For example, radioactive chemical tracers can be used in the diagnosis of the human body. Uranium was historically primarily extracted through open-pit and underground mines, however, with advances in technology, alternative methods of producing uranium such as in-situ leach mining have become more prominent.

Uranium production & consumption worldwide

Uranium consumption is the highest in the United States, China, and France, which are the world's leading nuclear energy producers. However, Kazakhstan and Canada are among the top global producers of uranium with around 21,227 metric tons and 7,351 metric tons produced in 2022, respectively. Australia had the largest known recoverable uranium resources in the world as of 2021, with some 1.68 million metric tons, over twice as much as Kazakhstan and about three-times as much as Canada.

Die vorliegende Statistik zeigt die Entwicklung des Verbrauchs von Erdöl in Brasilien in den Jahren 1970 bis 2022 in Millionen Tonnen. Der Verbrauch bezieht sich laut Quelle auf die Inlandsnachfrage, Tanklager für den internationalen Luft- und Schiffsverkehr, Raffineriebrennstoffe und Verluste. Ebenfalls eingeschlossen ist der Verbrauch von Ethanol und Biodiesel. Der Verbrauch von Erdöl in Brasilien belief sich im Jahr 2022 auf rund 116 Millionen Tonnen.Der BP Statistical Review of World Energy erschien erstmalig 1951. Er enthält Zahlen, Daten und Fakten über die weltweite Produktion und den Verbrauch von Öl, Gas, Kohle, Kern- und Wasserkraft und erneuerbaren Energien.

Die Statistik zeigt die Raffineriekapazität für Erdöl in Italien in den Jahren von 1965 bis 2022. Im Jahr 2022 belief sich die Raffineriekapazität in Italien auf durchschnittlich rund 1,8 Millionen Barrel pro Tag.Der BP Statistical Review of World Energy erschien erstmalig 1951. Er enthält Zahlen, Daten und Fakten über die weltweite Produktion und den Verbrauch von Öl, Gas, Kohle, Kern- und Wasserkraft und erneuerbaren Energien. Laut Quelle sind die Kapazitäten für die atmosphärische Destillation auf der Grundlage eines Kalendertags angegeben.

Die Statistik zeigt die Raffineriekapazität für Erdöl in Spanien in den Jahren von 1965 bis 2022. Im Jahr 2022 beliefen sich die Raffineriekapazitäten in Spanien auf durchschnittlich rund 1,6 Millionen Barrel Öl pro Tag.Der BP Statistical Review of World Energy erschien erstmalig 1951. Er enthält Zahlen, Daten und Fakten über die weltweite Produktion und den Verbrauch von Öl, Gas, Kohle, Kern- und Wasserkraft und erneuerbaren Energien. Laut Quelle sind die Kapazitäten für die atmosphärische Destillation auf der Grundlage eines Kalendertags angegeben.