Introduction

Air pollution Statistics: The air pollution problem is by far the most significant environmental health issue around the world and causes an estimated 7.7 million deaths each year. Climate change and air pollution are closely linked since every major pollutant has an impact on climate and many have common causes with greenhouse gases. Enhancing the quality of air can lead to improved health, development, and environmental benefits.

According to UNEP Pollution Action Note, the global condition of pollution in the air, its major sources, the effects of the air pollution on health as well as the national efforts to address this problem. The tiny particles that pollute the air are mostly derived from human activities such as burning fossil fuels for transportation, waste-burning electricity agriculture, and the major source of ammonia and methane as well as the mining and chemical industries. Let's look into air pollution and its impact.

This dataset provides a summary of annual air pollution statistics from 1995 to the current available year for six air pollutants: * Carbon Monoxide * Oxides of Nitrogen (NO, NO2, NOx) * Ozone * Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) * Sulphur Dioxide * Total Reduced Sulphur The annual statistics include percentiles, mean, maximums and also indicate the number of times an air monitoring station exceeded an Ontario annual ambient air quality criteria, where applicable. This information is also available in the annual Air Quality in Ontario Reports. The hourly air pollutant concentration data is posted in near real time on the Air Quality Ontario website: http://www.airqualityontario.com/

Air pollution levels in cities vary greatly around the world, though they are typically higher in developing regions. In 2024, the cities of Jakarta and Cairo had an average PM2.5 concentrations of **** and **** micrograms per cubic meter (μg/m³) respectively. By comparison, PM2.5 levels in London and New York were less than ***** μg/m³. Nevertheless, pollution levels in these four major cities are all higher than the World Health Organization's healthy limit, which are set at an annual average of less than **** μg/m³. There are many sources of air pollution, such as energy production, transportation, and agricultural activities.

Dataset contains information on New York City air quality surveillance data. Air pollution is one of the most important environmental threats to urban populations and while all people are exposed, pollutant emissions, levels of exposure, and population vulnerability vary across neighborhoods. Exposures to common air pollutants have been linked to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and premature deaths. These indicators provide a perspective across time and NYC geographies to better characterize air quality and health in NYC. Data can also be explored online at the Environment and Health Data Portal: http://nyc.gov/health/environmentdata.

This csv file provides air pollution data information for Florida and Districts for 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020. Through the FDOT Source Book Special Edition 2020 report, users can drill down the air pollution data at the statewide and District level. The report's link is: https://sourcebook-2020-se-fdot.hub.arcgis.com/Florida remains within acceptable EPA standards for ozone concentration and fine particulate matter (PM 2.5).Data source: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Air Data. For any additional information, please contact the Forecasting and Trends Office (FTO) at 850-414-5396.

Annual emissions of various air pollutants in the United States have experienced dramatic reductions over the past half a century. As of 2024, emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) had reduced by more than ** percent since 1970 to *** million tons. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂) emissions have also fallen dramatically in recent decades, dropping from ** million tons to *** million tons between 1990 and 2024. Air pollutants can pose serious health hazards to humans, with the number of air pollution related deaths in the U.S. averaging ****** a year.

In 2021, the number of deaths due to air pollution in Japan was estimated at 52.1 thousand. Since 2010, the number of deaths has risen, making Japan one of the countries with a high number of deaths attributable to air pollution exposure.
Health risks and sources of air pollution The most common air pollutant is particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less, also called PM 2.5. The air pollutants can invade the lungs and cause asthma, cancer, heart diseases, allergies, and other health conditions. A major cause of air pollution is fossil fuel combustion, which is produced from power plants and industrial facilities. In Japan, fossil fuels such as petroleum and coal had the largest share of the primary energy supply. Another cause is carbon dioxide emissions from the transport sector since PM 2.5 is generated from sources such as automobile exhaust fumes. Therefore, most pollution areas are highly populated, urban areas. Measures to improve air quality in Japan In 2020, the Tokyo government announced its intention to improve the air quality with stricter air pollution regulations. The new target for Tokyo's level of PM 2.5 is set at 10 micrograms or less per cubic meter by fiscal year 2030. To decrease air pollution, Japan aims to reduce its use of fossil fuels and increase its nuclear and renewable energy share. Renewables accounted for a share of primary energy supply of almost nine percent, whereas nuclear energy made up about three percent in 2018. In recent years, these measures began to show their effect as figures for the total annual greenhouse gas emissions indicated a decline.

Citywide raster files of annual average predicted surface for nitrogen dioxide (NO2), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), black carbon (BC), and nitric oxide (NO); summer average for ozone (O3) and winter average for sulfure dioxide (SO2). Description: Annual average predicted surface for nitrogen dioxide (NO2), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), black carbon (BC), and nitric oxide (NO); summer average for ozone (O3) and winter average for sulfure dioxide (SO2). File type is ESRI grid raster files at 300 m resolution, NAD83 New York Long Island State Plane FIPS, feet projection. Prediction surface generated from Land Use Regression modeling of December 2008- December 2019 (years 1-11) New York Community Air Survey monitoring data.As these are estimated annual average levels produced by a statistical model, they are not comparable to short term localized monitoring or monitoring done for regulatory purposes. For description of NYCCAS design and Land Use Regression Modeling process see: nyc-ehs.net/nyccas

An estimated 63,600 deaths were attributable to air pollution in the United States in 2021. The annual number of deaths attributable to air pollution in the United States has dropped significantly since 1990. The decline in deaths has coincided with improved air quality, with PM2.5 levels in the U.S. falling more than 40 percent since the turn of the century.

Daily air quality data collected by the EPA Air Quality Service (AQS), from 1990-2021. This dataset includes air quality statistics from AQS monitors in the area surrounding Cambridge (Kenmore, Roxbury, Von Hillern, Chelsea). Each contains a parameter code which specifies one of the six pollutants for which the EPA AQS has an Air Quality Index (AQI).

Information on how to interpret AQI values can be found here: https://www.airnow.gov/aqi/aqi-basics/

This United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) feature layer represents monitoring site data, updated hourly concentrations and Air Quality Index (AQI) values for the latest hour received from monitoring sites that report to AirNow.Map and forecast data are collected using federal reference or equivalent monitoring techniques or techniques approved by the state, local or tribal monitoring agencies. To maintain "real-time" maps, the data are displayed after the end of each hour. Although preliminary data quality assessments are performed, the data in AirNow are not fully verified and validated through the quality assurance procedures monitoring organizations used to officially submit and certify data on the EPA Air Quality System (AQS).This data sharing, and centralization creates a one-stop source for real-time and forecast air quality data. The benefits include quality control, national reporting consistency, access to automated mapping methods, and data distribution to the public and other data systems. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Park Service, tribal, state, and local agencies developed the AirNow system to provide the public with easy access to national air quality information. State and local agencies report the Air Quality Index (AQI) for cities across the US and parts of Canada and Mexico. AirNow data are used only to report the AQI, not to formulate or support regulation, guidance or any other EPA decision or position.About the AQIThe Air Quality Index (AQI) is an index for reporting daily air quality. It tells you how clean or polluted your air is, and what associated health effects might be a concern for you. The AQI focuses on health effects you may experience within a few hours or days after breathing polluted air. EPA calculates the AQI for five major air pollutants regulated by the Clean Air Act: ground-level ozone, particle pollution (also known as particulate matter), carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide. For each of these pollutants, EPA has established national air quality standards to protect public health. Ground-level ozone and airborne particles (often referred to as "particulate matter") are the two pollutants that pose the greatest threat to human health in this country.A number of factors influence ozone formation, including emissions from cars, trucks, buses, power plants, and industries, along with weather conditions. Weather is especially favorable for ozone formation when it’s hot, dry and sunny, and winds are calm and light. Federal and state regulations, including regulations for power plants, vehicles and fuels, are helping reduce ozone pollution nationwide.Fine particle pollution (or "particulate matter") can be emitted directly from cars, trucks, buses, power plants and industries, along with wildfires and woodstoves. But it also forms from chemical reactions of other pollutants in the air. Particle pollution can be high at different times of year, depending on where you live. In some areas, for example, colder winters can lead to increased particle pollution emissions from woodstove use, and stagnant weather conditions with calm and light winds can trap PM2.5 pollution near emission sources. Federal and state rules are helping reduce fine particle pollution, including clean diesel rules for vehicles and fuels, and rules to reduce pollution from power plants, industries, locomotives, and marine vessels, among others.How Does the AQI Work?Think of the AQI as a yardstick that runs from 0 to 500. The higher the AQI value, the greater the level of air pollution and the greater the health concern. For example, an AQI value of 50 represents good air quality with little potential to affect public health, while an AQI value over 300 represents hazardous air quality.An AQI value of 100 generally corresponds to the national air quality standard for the pollutant, which is the level EPA has set to protect public health. AQI values below 100 are generally thought of as satisfactory. When AQI values are above 100, air quality is considered to be unhealthy-at first for certain sensitive groups of people, then for everyone as AQI values get higher.Understanding the AQIThe purpose of the AQI is to help you understand what local air quality means to your health. To make it easier to understand, the AQI is divided into six categories:Air Quality Index(AQI) ValuesLevels of Health ConcernColorsWhen the AQI is in this range:..air quality conditions are:...as symbolized by this color:0 to 50GoodGreen51 to 100ModerateYellow101 to 150Unhealthy for Sensitive GroupsOrange151 to 200UnhealthyRed201 to 300Very UnhealthyPurple301 to 500HazardousMaroonNote: Values above 500 are considered Beyond the AQI. Follow recommendations for the Hazardous category. Additional information on reducing exposure to extremely high levels of particle pollution is available here.Each category corresponds to a different level of health concern. The six levels of health concern and what they mean are:"Good" AQI is 0 to 50. Air quality is considered satisfactory, and air pollution poses little or no risk."Moderate" AQI is 51 to 100. Air quality is acceptable; however, for some pollutants there may be a moderate health concern for a very small number of people. For example, people who are unusually sensitive to ozone may experience respiratory symptoms."Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups" AQI is 101 to 150. Although general public is not likely to be affected at this AQI range, people with lung disease, older adults and children are at a greater risk from exposure to ozone, whereas persons with heart and lung disease, older adults and children are at greater risk from the presence of particles in the air."Unhealthy" AQI is 151 to 200. Everyone may begin to experience some adverse health effects, and members of the sensitive groups may experience more serious effects."Very Unhealthy" AQI is 201 to 300. This would trigger a health alert signifying that everyone may experience more serious health effects."Hazardous" AQI greater than 300. This would trigger a health warnings of emergency conditions. The entire population is more likely to be affected.AQI colorsEPA has assigned a specific color to each AQI category to make it easier for people to understand quickly whether air pollution is reaching unhealthy levels in their communities. For example, the color orange means that conditions are "unhealthy for sensitive groups," while red means that conditions may be "unhealthy for everyone," and so on.Air Quality Index Levels of Health ConcernNumericalValueMeaningGood0 to 50Air quality is considered satisfactory, and air pollution poses little or no risk.Moderate51 to 100Air quality is acceptable; however, for some pollutants there may be a moderate health concern for a very small number of people who are unusually sensitive to air pollution.Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups101 to 150Members of sensitive groups may experience health effects. The general public is not likely to be affected.Unhealthy151 to 200Everyone may begin to experience health effects; members of sensitive groups may experience more serious health effects.Very Unhealthy201 to 300Health alert: everyone may experience more serious health effects.Hazardous301 to 500Health warnings of emergency conditions. The entire population is more likely to be affected.Note: Values above 500 are considered Beyond the AQI. Follow recommendations for the "Hazardous category." Additional information on reducing exposure to extremely high levels of particle pollution is available here.

This dataset contains Water pollution level statistics in 2000. Data from Water FootPrint Network. Follow datasource.kapsarc.org for timely data to advance energy economics research.

This dataset contains United Arab Emirates Annual Average of Air Pollutants Concentration by Monitoring Station for 2013 - 2020. Data from Federal Competitiveness and Statistics Authority. Follow datasource.kapsarc.org for timely data to advance energy economics research.Empty field = no data for the reporting period.Statistics by Subject -> Agricultural and Environmental Statistics -> Environment ->Air StatisticsNo working stations in Umm Al - Quwain emirate and no data about the Monitoring stations in Fujairah.

This is a PBL module on Air Pollution to be used in an introductory environmental science course to motivate students to analyze related environmental justice issues.Original data was from the US EPA data on "State EJScreen Data at the Block Group Level" (EJSCREEN_2023_BG_StatePct_with_AS_CNMI_GU_VI.csv) which was downloaded from https://www.epa.gov/ejscreen/download-ejscreen-data on December 20, 2023. (Note: Access to the EJSCREEN tool was removed during February 2005).This data was processed and cleaned as described in the data provenance document.Lecture Slides, Activity Sheets and Instructor Notes are available here.The following files are included:Data Provenance and Data Dictionary: Data Provenance and Data Dictionary.pdfR Script for Data Processing: EJSCREEN_Data_Curation_NC_Summarized_by_County.RProcessed Dataset for North Carolina: EJScreen_State_BGLevel_NC_13Columns.csvCurated Data used in the Module - Summarized Dataset for North Carolina (summarized by county): EJScreen_State_BGLevel_NC_Summarized_By_County_13Columns.csvData Dictionary: Data_Dictionary_EJSCREEN_2023_BG_Columns.pdfOriginal Dataset from EPA/EJSCREEN from which Data was Extracted for North Carolina: DS4EJ_EJSCREEN_2023_BG_StatePct_with_AS_CNMI_GU_VI.csv

Germany DE: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Female data was reported at 12.000 NA in 2016. Germany DE: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Female data is updated yearly, averaging 12.000 NA from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2016, with 1 observations. Germany DE: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.World Bank.WDI: Health Statistics. Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution is the number of deaths attributable to the joint effects of household and ambient air pollution in a year per 100,000 population. The rates are age-standardized. Following diseases are taken into account: acute respiratory infections (estimated for all ages); cerebrovascular diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); ischaemic heart diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults (estimated above 25 years); and lung cancer in adults (estimated above 25 years).; ; World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).; Weighted average;

United States US: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Male data was reported at 17.000 NA in 2016. United States US: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Male data is updated yearly, averaging 17.000 NA from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2016, with 1 observations. United States US: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Health Statistics. Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution is the number of deaths attributable to the joint effects of household and ambient air pollution in a year per 100,000 population. The rates are age-standardized. Following diseases are taken into account: acute respiratory infections (estimated for all ages); cerebrovascular diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); ischaemic heart diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults (estimated above 25 years); and lung cancer in adults (estimated above 25 years).; ; World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).; Weighted average;

The Office of Air and Radiation's (OAR) Ambient Air Quality Data (Current) contains ambient air pollution data collected by EPA, other federal agencies, as well as state, local, and tribal air pollution control agencies. Its component data sets have been collected over the years from approximately 10,000 monitoring sites, of which approximately 5,000 are currently active. OAR's Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS) and other internal and external users, rely on this data to assess air quality, assist in Attainment/Non-Attainment designations, evaluate State Implementation Plans for Non-Attainment Areas, perform modeling for permit review analysis, and other air quality management functions. Air quality information is also used to prepare reports for Congress as mandated by the Clean Air Act. This data covers air quality data collected after 1980, when the Clean Air Act requirements for monitoring were significantly modified. Air quality data from the Agency's early years (1970s) remains available (see OAR PRIMARY DATA ASSET: Ambient Air Quality Data -- Historical), but because of technical and definitional differences the two data assets are not directly comparable. The Clean Air Act of 1970 provided initial authority for monitoring air quality for Conventional Air Pollutants (CAPs) for which EPA has promulgated National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). Requirements for monitoring visibility-related parameters were added in 1977. Requirements for monitoring acid deposition and Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) were added in 1990. Most monitoring sites contain multiple instruments. Most also report meteorological data, including wind speed and direction, humidity, atmospheric pressure, inbound solar radiation, precipitation and other factors relevant to air quality analysis. The current system of sites represents a number of independently-defined monitoring networks with different regulatory or scientific purposes, such as the State and Local Air Monitoring System, the National Air Toxics Trends sites, the Urban Air Toxics sites, the IMPROVE visibility monitoring network, the air toxics monitoring sites for schools, and others. (A complete list of air quality monitoring networks is available at https://www.epa.gov/???). Efforts are under way through NCore Multipollutant Monitoring Network (https://www.epa.gov/ttnamti1/ncore/index.html) to streamline and integrate advanced air quality measurement systems to minimize costs of data collection. Measurements and estimates from these networks are collected across the entire U.S., including all states and territories, with emphasis on documenting pollutant exposures in populated areas.Sampling frequencies vary by pollutant (hourly, 3- and 8-hour, daily, monthly, seasonal, and annual measurements), as required by different NAAQS. Some 50,000 measurements per day are added to the EPA's central air quality data repository, the Air Quality System (AQS). All data, including meteorological information, is public and non-confidential and available through the AQS Data Mart (https://www.epa.gov/ttn/airs/aqsdatamart/). Generally, data for one calendar quarter are reported by the end of the following quarter; some values may be subsequently changed due to quality assurance activities.