The Gender Equality Index is a tool to measure the progress of gender equality in the EU, developed by EIGE. It gives more visibility to areas that need improvement and ultimately supports policy makers to design more effective gender equality measures.

The Gender Equality Index has tracked the painfully slow progress of gender equality in the EU since 2010, mostly due to advances in decision-making. While equality is more pronounced in some Member States than in others, it is far from a reality for everyone in every area. Gender norms around care, gender segregation in education and the labour market, and gender inequalities in pay remain pertinent.

The Index allows Member States to easily monitor and compare gender equality progress across various groups of women and men in the EU over time and to understand where improvements are most needed. The 2022 Index has a thematic focus on care in the Covid-19 pandemic. It explores the division of informal childcare, long-term care and housework between women and men.

The Gender Equality Index is a composite indicator. With a total of six core domains (work, money, knowledge, time, power and health) and two satellite domains (violence against women and intersecting inequalities), it offers a synthetic and easy-to-interpret measure for gender equality, indicating how far (or close) the EU and its Member States are from achieving gender equality on a scale of 1 to 100.

Building on previous editions alongside EIGE’s approach to ensuring intersecting inequalities are captured, the Gender Equality Index 2022 continues to show the diverse realities that different groups of women and men face. It examines how elements such as disability, age, level of education, country of birth and family type can intersect with gender and create many different kinds of pathways in people's lives.

The global gender gap index benchmarks national gender gaps on economic, political, education, and health-based criteria. In 2025, the country offering the most gender equal conditions was Iceland, with a score of 0.93. Overall, the Nordic countries make up 3 of the 5 most gender equal countries worldwide. The Nordic countries are known for their high levels of gender equality, including high female employment rates and evenly divided parental leave. Sudan is the second-least gender equal country Pakistan is found on the other end of the scale, ranked as the least gender equal country in the world. Conditions for civilians in the North African country have worsened significantly after a civil war broke out in April 2023. Especially girls and women are suffering and have become victims of sexual violence. Moreover, nearly 9 million people are estimated to be at acute risk of famine. The Middle East and North Africa have the largest gender gap Looking at the different world regions, the Middle East and North Africa have the largest gender gap as of 2023, just ahead of South Asia. Moreover, it is estimated that it will take another 152 years before the gender gap in the Middle East and North Africa is closed. On the other hand, Europe has the lowest gender gap in the world.

The research aim was to explore how to promote gender equality using Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). The researcher conducted semi-structured interviews with a total of 19 respondents, both men and women. The researcher used the information that was collected from interviews and document analysis to evaluate the facts and findings of the study. The researcher used SPSS Version 21 to analyse the data in Section A for the respondents’ biographical data and perceived use of ICTs. The researcher then used NVIVO to transcribe and code data and then used Microsoft Excel to present the data set from which themes were generated to analyse data in Section B and C in order to answer the research questions.

Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls : The region has made progress in achieving gender equality and empowering women and girls, particularly in education and health and to a lesser extent women’s participation in formal employment and national policy making. This is attributed to growing awareness of the need to address gender inequalities; While almost all countries in the Pacific have adopted specific gender policies and strategies, the resources for integrating and implementing these priorities are limited. Budgets for national women’s offices are less than one percent of national appropriations; Gender inequality is highlighted by the high prevalence rates of violence against women (more than 60 percent in Melanesia, and more than 40 percent in Polynesia and Micronesia). Sexual and reproductive health and rights issues also remain substantial challenges to be addressed under Goal 5. Fertility rates, especially teenage fertility, remain high in some.

Find more Pacific data on PDH.stat.

In 2024, Oregon scored highest in the Gender Parity Index with a score of ****. The state of Maine also reached gender parity that year, with a score of ****. Michigan, New Mexico, and Nevada rounded off the top five states that year, with all three within five points of reaching gender parity.

Over the observed period, the Polish gender equality index score was lower than that of the EU-28. It increased from **** to **** between 2005 and 2024.

The Gender Statistics Database provides a broad overview of statistics on gender as well as information on the various aspects of (in)equality between women and men. These include indicators referred to the EU Strategy for Equality between Women and Men (2010-2015) and the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action on Equality.

Moreover, it is possible to access the Gender Equality Index Scores on the same platform. The Index is a composite indicator that measures how far (or close) the EU and its Member States were from achieving complete gender equality in the reference year.

Download of Gender statistics CSV file from World Bank, as of September 25th 2019.

The Gender Equality Index benchmarks national gender gaps on economic, political, education, and health-based criteria among the countries of the European Union. A score of 0 indicates that there is no gender equality, while 100 points indicate that gender equality is achieved. In the 2024 index, the leading country was Sweden with 82 points. Denmark and the Netherlands were the second and third most gender equal countries. Considering the other side of the spectrum, Romania only scored 56.1 points, way below the EU average of 70.2. Other countries at the bottom of the ranking were Hungary and Romania. Equality in health Not only does the index measure gender equality on national levels, it also breaks down gender equality into different dimensions. With an index score of 88 points, health was the most equal dimension among men and women within the EU, followed by money and work. To the contrary, power was considered the most unequal dimension, along with knowledge and time management. The Global Gender Gap Index From a global perspective, Iceland is considered the most gender equal country. Dominating this list are the Nordic countries: Norway, Finland, New Zealand, and Sweden rank in the top 5. As of 2024, it was estimated that Europe had closed 75 percent of its gender gap, making it the most successful region in the world, before North and Latin America. Nevertheless, experts predict that gender parity will not be achieved in the region for another 67 years.

This fascinating compilation of the recent data on gender differences in education presents a wealth of data, analysed from a multitude of angles in a clear and lively way. In particular it looks at underperformance among boys, lack of self confidence among girls and family, school and societal influences before addressing policies to help boys and girls reach their full potential.

Gender statistics on the numbers of women and men in key decision-making positions across a number of different life domains. The domains covered include: politics; public administration; judiciary; business and finance; social partners and NGOs; environment and climate change; and media.

Data on decision-making are collected for 35 European countries - the 28 EU Member States, 4 candidate countries (Montenegro, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Serbia and Turkey) and the remaining EEA countries (Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway).

Figures are available at international, European, national, regional and local level. Most data are updated annually, but some key data are updated more frequently. In particular, data on national and European politics are updated quarterly, and data on large companies biannually, in order to ensure that the information is always right up to date.

Since 2018, UK firms with at least 250 employees have been mandated to publicly disclose gender equality indicators. Exploiting variations in this mandate across firm size and time, we show that pay transparency closes 19 percent of the gender pay gap by reducing men’s wage growth. By combining different sources of data, we also provide suggestive evidence that the public availability of the equality indicators influences employers’ response as worse performing firms and employers potentially more exposed to public scrutiny seem to reduce their gender pay gap the most.

The Gender Equity Program (GEP), implemented by the Aurat Foundation between August 2010 and August 2017, was the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) flagship gender activity in Pakistan. GEP aimed to close the gender gap in Pakistan by actively supporting women’s economic, political, and social development. The program provided grants to government and non-government entities to implement gender-focused activities at the district level and supported work on national and provincial-level pro-women legislation.

Abstract

This retrospective report explores global progress and lessons learned over the past 10 years in promoting gender equality. This report takes stock of global progress and considers the impact of evidence-backed solutions to close the most persistent gender gaps. It examines the evolution of World Bank Group’s engagement on gender and highlights promising approaches. Reflections and findings will enable the WBG and its partners to develop a deeper understanding of what works, provide opportunities to strengthen and expand efforts in critical areas, and will inform the new WBG Gender Strategy, to be launched in 2024.

Citation

“World Bank. 2023. Gender Equality in Development: A Ten-Year Retrospective. © Washington, DC: World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/39939 License: CC BY-NC 3.0 IGO.”

URI

https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/39939

Over the past decades, more and more women have entered the labor market around the world. Today, over 40 percent of the global workforce are women. However, only one third are in senior roles, and less than 30 percent work within science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). The Global Gender Index benchmarks national gender gaps on economic, political, education, and health-based criteria. In 2025, the leading country was Iceland .

Gender Equality Zone - Gender Statistics and Analysis...

Mexico scored 0.78 in the gender gap index in 2025. This shows a gender gap of approximately 22 percent (women are 22 percent less likely to have equal opportunities than men). Since 2017, Mexico's score has been overall continuously increasing, which shows an improvement towards gender equality.

Explore gender statistics data focusing on academic staff, employment, fertility rates, GDP, poverty, and more in the GCC region. Access comprehensive information on key indicators for Bahrain, China, India, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, and Saudi Arabia.

academic staff, Access to anti-retroviral drugs, Adjusted net enrollment rate, Administration and Law programmes, Age at first marriage, Age dependency ratio, Cause of death, Children out of school, Completeness of birth registration, consumer prices, Cost of business start-up procedures, Employers, Employment in agriculture, Employment in industry, Employment in services, employment or training, Engineering and Mathematics programmes, Female headed households, Female migrants, Fertility planning status: mistimed pregnancy, Fertility planning status: planned pregnancy, Fertility rate, Firms with female participation in ownership, Fisheries and Veterinary programmes, Forestry, GDP, GDP growth, GDP per capita, gender parity index, Gini index, GNI, GNI per capita, Government expenditure on education, Government expenditure per student, Gross graduation ratio, Households with water on the premises, Inflation, Informal employment, Labor force, Labor force with advanced education, Labor force with basic education, Labor force with intermediate education, Learning poverty, Length of paid maternity leave, Life expectancy at birth, Mandatory retirement age, Manufacturing and Construction programmes, Mathematics and Statistics programmes, Number of under-five deaths, Part time employment, Population, Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines, PPP, Primary completion rate, Retirement age with full benefits, Retirement age with partial benefits, Rural population, Sex ratio at birth, Unemployment, Unemployment with advanced education, Urban population

Bahrain, China, India, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia

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Afghanistan CPIA: Gender Equality Rating: 1=Low To 6=High data was reported at 1.000 NA in 2024. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1.000 NA for 2023. Afghanistan CPIA: Gender Equality Rating: 1=Low To 6=High data is updated yearly, averaging 1.500 NA from Mar 2007 (Median) to 2024, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.000 NA in 2013 and a record low of 1.000 NA in 2024. Afghanistan CPIA: Gender Equality Rating: 1=Low To 6=High data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Afghanistan – Table AF.World Bank.WDI: Governance: Policy and Institutions. Gender equality assesses the extent to which the country has installed institutions and programs to enforce laws and policies that promote equal access for men and women in education, health, the economy, and protection under law.;World Bank Group, CPIA database (http://www.worldbank.org/ida).;Unweighted average;

Goal 5Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girlsTarget 5.1: End all forms of discrimination against all women and girls everywhereIndicator 5.1.1: Whether or not legal frameworks are in place to promote, enforce and monitor equality and non-discrimination on the basis of sexSG_LGL_GENEQLFP: Legal frameworks that promote, enforce and monitor gender equality (percentage of achievement, 0 - 100) -- Area 1: overarching legal frameworks and public lifeSG_LGL_GENEQVAW: Legal frameworks that promote, enforce and monitor gender equality (percentage of achievement, 0 - 100) -- Area 2: violence against womenSG_LGL_GENEQEMP: Legal frameworks that promote, enforce and monitor gender equality (percentage of achievement, 0 - 100) -- Area 3: employment and economic benefitsSG_LGL_GENEQMAR: Legal frameworks that promote, enforce and monitor gender equality (percentage of achievement, 0 - 100) -- Area 4: marriage and familyTarget 5.2: Eliminate all forms of violence against all women and girls in the public and private spheres, including trafficking and sexual and other types of exploitationIndicator 5.2.1: Proportion of ever-partnered women and girls aged 15 years and older subjected to physical, sexual or psychological violence by a current or former intimate partner in the previous 12 months, by form of violence and by ageVC_VAW_MARR: Proportion of ever-partnered women and girls subjected to physical and/or sexual violence by a current or former intimate partner in the previous 12 months, by age (%)Indicator 5.2.2: Proportion of women and girls aged 15 years and older subjected to sexual violence by persons other than an intimate partner in the previous 12 months, by age and place of occurrenceTarget 5.3: Eliminate all harmful practices, such as child, early and forced marriage and female genital mutilationIndicator 5.3.1: Proportion of women aged 20–24 years who were married or in a union before age 15 and before age 18SP_DYN_MRBF18: Proportion of women aged 20-24 years who were married or in a union before age 18 (%)SP_DYN_MRBF15: Proportion of women aged 20-24 years who were married or in a union before age 15 (%)Indicator 5.3.2: Proportion of girls and women aged 15–49 years who have undergone female genital mutilation/cutting, by ageSH_STA_FGMS: Proportion of girls and women aged 15-49 years who have undergone female genital mutilation/cutting, by age (%)Target 5.4: Recognize and value unpaid care and domestic work through the provision of public services, infrastructure and social protection policies and the promotion of shared responsibility within the household and the family as nationally appropriateIndicator 5.4.1: Proportion of time spent on unpaid domestic and care work, by sex, age and locationSL_DOM_TSPDCW: Proportion of time spent on unpaid care work, by sex, age and location (%)SL_DOM_TSPDDC: Proportion of time spent on unpaid domestic chores, by sex, age and location (%)SL_DOM_TSPD: Proportion of time spent on unpaid domestic chores and care work, by sex, age and location (%)Target 5.5: Ensure women’s full and effective participation and equal opportunities for leadership at all levels of decision-making in political, economic and public lifeIndicator 5.5.1: Proportion of seats held by women in (a) national parliaments and (b) local governmentsSG_GEN_PARLN: Number of seats held by women in national parliaments (number)SG_GEN_PARLNT: Current number of seats in national parliaments (number)SG_GEN_PARL: Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (% of total number of seats)SG_GEN_LOCGELS: Proportion of elected seats held by women in deliberative bodies of local government (%)Indicator 5.5.2: Proportion of women in managerial positionsIC_GEN_MGTL: Proportion of women in managerial positions (%)IC_GEN_MGTN: Proportion of women in senior and middle management positions (%)Target 5.6: Ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health and reproductive rights as agreed in accordance with the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development and the Beijing Platform for Action and the outcome documents of their review conferencesIndicator 5.6.1: Proportion of women aged 15–49 years who make their own informed decisions regarding sexual relations, contraceptive use and reproductive health careSH_FPL_INFM: Proportion of women who make their own informed decisions regarding sexual relations, contraceptive use and reproductive health care (% of women aged 15-49 years)SH_FPL_INFMSR: Proportion of women who make their own informed decisions regarding sexual relations (% of women aged 15-49 years)SH_FPL_INFMCU: Proportion of women who make their own informed decisions regarding contraceptive use (% of women aged 15-49 years)SH_FPL_INFMRH: Proportion of women who make their own informed decisions regarding reproductive health care (% of women aged 15-49 years)Indicator 5.6.2: Number of countries with laws and regulations that guarantee full and equal access to women and men aged 15 years and older to sexual and reproductive health care, information and educationSH_LGR_ACSRHE: Extent to which countries have laws and regulations that guarantee full and equal access to women and men aged 15 years and older to sexual and reproductive health care, information and education (%)SH_LGR_ACSRHEC1: (S.1.C.1) Extent to which countries have laws and regulations that guarantee full and equal access to women and men aged 15 years and older to sexual and reproductive health care, information and education: Component 1: Maternity Care (%)SH_LGR_ACSRHEC10: (S.4.C.10) Extent to which countries have laws and regulations that guarantee full and equal access to women and men aged 15 years and older to sexual and reproductive health care, information and education: Component 10: HIV Counselling and Test ServicesSH_LGR_ACSRHEC11: (S.4.C.11) Extent to which countries have laws and regulations that guarantee full and equal access to women and men aged 15 years and older to sexual and reproductive health care, information and education: Component 11: HIV Treatment and Care Services (%)SH_LGR_ACSRHEC12: (S.4.C.12) Extent to which countries have laws and regulations that guarantee full and equal access to women and men aged 15 years and older to sexual and reproductive health care, information and education: Component 12: HIV Confidentiality (%)SH_LGR_ACSRHEC13: (S.4.C.13) Extent to which countries have laws and regulations that guarantee full and equal access to women and men aged 15 years and older to sexual and reproductive health care, information and education: Component 13: HPV Vaccine (%)SH_LGR_ACSRHEC2: (S.1.C.2) Extent to which countries have laws and regulations that guarantee full and equal access to women and men aged 15 years and older to sexual and reproductive health care, information and education: Component 2: Life Saving Commodities (%)SH_LGR_ACSRHEC3: (S.1.C.3) Extent to which countries have laws and regulations that guarantee full and equal access to women and men aged 15 years and older to sexual and reproductive health care, information and education: Component 3: AbortionSH_LGR_ACSRHEC4: (S.1.C.4) Extent to which countries have laws and regulations that guarantee full and equal access to women and men aged 15 years and older to sexual and reproductive health care, information and education: Component 4: Post-Abortion Care (%)SH_LGR_ACSRHEC5: (S.2.C.5) Extent to which countries have laws and regulations that guarantee full and equal access to women and men aged 15 years and older to sexual and reproductive health care, information and education: Component 5: Contraceptive Services (%)SH_LGR_ACSRHEC6: (S.2.C.6) Extent to which countries have laws and regulations that guarantee full and equal access to women and men aged 15 years and older to sexual and reproductive health care, information and education: Component 6: Contraceptive Consent (%)SH_LGR_ACSRHEC7: (S.2.C.7) Extent to which countries have laws and regulations that guarantee full and equal access to women and men aged 15 years and older to sexual and reproductive health care, information and education: Component 7: Emergency Contraception (%)SH_LGR_ACSRHEC8: (S.3.C.8) Extent to which countries have laws and regulations that guarantee full and equal access to women and men aged 15 years and older to sexual and reproductive health care, information and education: Component 8: Sexuality Education Curriculum Laws (%)SH_LGR_ACSRHEC9: (S.3.C.9) Extent to which countries have laws and regulations that guarantee full and equal access to women and men aged 15 years and older to sexual and reproductive health care, information and education: Component 9: Sexuality Education Curriculum Topics (%)SH_LGR_ACSRHES1: (S.1) Extent to which countries have laws and regulations that guarantee full and equal access to women and men aged 15 years and older to sexual and reproductive health care, information and education: Section 1: Maternity Care (%)SH_LGR_ACSRHES2: (S.2) Extent to which countries have laws and regulations that guarantee full and equal access to women and men aged 15 years and older to sexual and reproductive health care, information and education: Section 2: Contraceptive and Family Planning (%)SH_LGR_ACSRHES3: (S.3) Extent to which countries have laws and regulations that guarantee full and equal access to women and men aged 15 years and older to sexual and reproductive health care, information and education: Section 3: Sexuality Education (%)SH_LGR_ACSRHES4: (S.4) Extent to which countries have laws and regulations that guarantee full and equal access to women and men aged 15 years and older to sexual and reproductive health care, information and education: Section 4: HIV and HPV (%)Target 5.a: Undertake reforms to give women equal rights to economic resources, as well as access to ownership and control over land and other forms of property, financial services, inheritance and natural resources,