This publication summarises the concentrations of major air pollutants as measured by the Automatic Urban and Rural Network (AURN). This release covers annual average concentrations in the UK of:
The release also covers the number of days when air pollution was ‘Moderate’ or higher for any one of five pollutants listed below:
These statistics are used to monitor progress against the UK’s reduction targets for concentrations of air pollutants. Improvements in air quality help reduce harm to human health and the environment.
Air quality in the UK is strongly linked to anthropogenic emissions of pollutants. For more information on UK emissions data and other information please refer to the air quality and emissions statistics GOV.UK page.
The statistics in this publication are based on data from the Automatic Urban and Rural Network (AURN) of air quality monitors. The https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/" class="govuk-link">UK-AIR website contains the latest air quality monitoring data for the UK and detailed information about the different monintoring networks that measure air quality. The website also hosts the latest data produced using Pollution Climate Mapping (PCM) which is a suite of models that uses both monitoring and emissions data to model concentrations of air pollutants across the whole of the UK. The UK-AIR website also provides air pollution episode updates and information on Local Authority Air Quality Management Areas as well as a number of useful reports.
The monitoring data is continuously reviewed and subject to change when issues are highlighted. This means that the time series for certain statistics may vary slightly from year to year. You can access editions of this publication via The National Archives or the links below.
The datasets associated with this publication can be found here ENV02 - Air quality statistics.
As part of our ongoing commitment to compliance with the https://code.statisticsauthority.gov.uk/" class="govuk-link">Code of Practice for Official Statistics we wish to strengthen our engagement with users of air quality data and better understand how the data is used and the types of decisions that they inform. We invite users to https://forms.office.com/pages/responsepage.aspx?id=UCQKdycCYkyQx044U38RAvtqaLEKUSxHhjbo5C6dq4lUMFBZMUJMNDNCS0xOOExBSDdESVlHSEdHUi4u&route=shorturl" class="govuk-link">register as a “user of Air Quality data”, so that we can retain your details, inform you of any new releases of Air Quality statistics and provide you with the opportunity to take part in user engagement activities that we may run. If you would like to register as a user of Air Quality data, please provide your details in the attached https://forms.office.com/pages/responsepage.aspx?id=UCQKdycCYkyQx044U38RAvtqaLEKUSxHhjbo5C6dq4lUMFBZMUJMNDNCS0xOOExBSDdESVlHSEdHUi4u&route=shorturl" class="govuk-link">form.
https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20250609165125/https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/air-quality-statistics" class="govuk-link">Air Quality Statistics in the UK, 1987 to 2023
https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20230802031254/https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/air-quality-statistics" class="govuk-link">Air Quality Statistics in the UK, 1987 to 2022
https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20230301015627/https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/air-quality-statistics" class="govuk-link">Air Quality Statistics in the UK, 1987 to 2021
https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20211111164715/https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/air-quality-statistics" class="govuk-link">Air Quality Statistics in the UK, 1987 to 2020
https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20201225100256/https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/air-quality-statistics" class="govuk-link">Air Quality Statistics in the UK, 1987 to 2019
<a rel="external" href="https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20200303
Open Government Licence - Canada 2.0https://open.canada.ca/en/open-government-licence-canada
License information was derived automatically
This dataset provides a summary of annual air pollution statistics from 1995 to the current available year for six air pollutants: * Carbon Monoxide * Oxides of Nitrogen (NO, NO2, NOx) * Ozone * Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) * Sulphur Dioxide * Total Reduced Sulphur The annual statistics include percentiles, mean, maximums and also indicate the number of times an air monitoring station exceeded an Ontario annual ambient air quality criteria, where applicable. This information is also available in the annual Air Quality in Ontario Reports. The hourly air pollutant concentration data is posted in near real time on the Air Quality Ontario website: http://www.airqualityontario.com/
This data set contains data on the concentrations of major air pollutants as measured by the Automatic Urban and Rural Network (AURN).
If you require the data in another format please contact: AQIE.Correspondence@defra.gov.uk
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This file is in an <a href="https://www.gov.uk/guidance/using-open-document-formats-odf-in-your-organisation" target="_self" class="govuk-link">OpenDocument</a> format
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This file is in an <a href="https://www.gov.uk/guidance/using-open-document-formats-odf-in-your-organisation" target="_self" class="govuk-link">OpenDocument</a> format
Air pollution levels in cities vary greatly around the world, though they are typically higher in developing regions. In 2024, the cities of Jakarta and Cairo had an average PM2.5 concentrations of **** and **** micrograms per cubic meter (μg/m³) respectively. By comparison, PM2.5 levels in London and New York were less than ***** μg/m³. Nevertheless, pollution levels in these four major cities are all higher than the World Health Organization's healthy limit, which are set at an annual average of less than **** μg/m³. There are many sources of air pollution, such as energy production, transportation, and agricultural activities.
https://electroiq.com/privacy-policyhttps://electroiq.com/privacy-policy
Air pollution Statistics: The air pollution problem is by far the most significant environmental health issue around the world and causes an estimated 7.7 million deaths each year. Climate change and air pollution are closely linked since every major pollutant has an impact on climate and many have common causes with greenhouse gases. Enhancing the quality of air can lead to improved health, development, and environmental benefits.
According to UNEP Pollution Action Note, the global condition of pollution in the air, its major sources, the effects of the air pollution on health as well as the national efforts to address this problem. The tiny particles that pollute the air are mostly derived from human activities such as burning fossil fuels for transportation, waste-burning electricity agriculture, and the major source of ammonia and methane as well as the mining and chemical industries. Let's look into air pollution and its impact.
Annual emissions of various air pollutants in the United States have experienced dramatic reductions over the past half a century. As of 2024, emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) had reduced by more than ** percent since 1970 to *** million tons. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂) emissions have also fallen dramatically in recent decades, dropping from ** million tons to *** million tons between 1990 and 2024. Air pollutants can pose serious health hazards to humans, with the number of air pollution related deaths in the U.S. averaging ****** a year.
https://data.gov.sg/open-data-licencehttps://data.gov.sg/open-data-licence
Dataset from Singapore Department of Statistics. For more information, visit https://data.gov.sg/datasets/d_8f5fa022cbda68494fa70e788600505b/view
In 2023, the air quality index in Indonesia reached *****, which means that the air quality is acceptable. However, there may be a risk for some people, particularly those who are unusually sensitive to air pollution. Among all provinces in the country, Jakarta had the poorest air quality index that stood at *****. Over the last two decades, Indonesia's air quality has significantly changed, from 1998 to 2016, the country went from being one of the cleaner countries in the world to one of the twenty most polluted.
Citywide raster files of annual average predicted surface for nitrogen dioxide (NO2), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), black carbon (BC), and nitric oxide (NO); summer average for ozone (O3) and winter average for sulfure dioxide (SO2). Description: Annual average predicted surface for nitrogen dioxide (NO2), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), black carbon (BC), and nitric oxide (NO); summer average for ozone (O3) and winter average for sulfure dioxide (SO2). File type is ESRI grid raster files at 300 m resolution, NAD83 New York Long Island State Plane FIPS, feet projection. Prediction surface generated from Land Use Regression modeling of December 2008- December 2019 (years 1-11) New York Community Air Survey monitoring data.As these are estimated annual average levels produced by a statistical model, they are not comparable to short term localized monitoring or monitoring done for regulatory purposes. For description of NYCCAS design and Land Use Regression Modeling process see: nyc-ehs.net/nyccas
This data was revised on March 13th 2025 to apply the latest, improved domestic combustion methodology across all sources. This correction has impacted domestic combustion emissions across the time series causing a substantial reduction to sulphur dioxide emissions and a minor increase to NMVOC emissions.
This publication provides estimates of UK emissions of particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), nitrogen oxides, ammonia, non-methane volatile organic compounds and sulphur dioxide.
These estimates are used to monitor progress against the UK’s emission reduction targets for air pollutants. Emission reductions in the UK, alongside a number of other factors such as the weather, contribute to improvements in air quality in the UK and other countries. For more information on air quality data and information please refer to the "https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/air-quality-and-emissions-statistics" class="govuk-link">air quality and emissions statistics GOV.UK page.
The https://naei.beis.gov.uk/" class="govuk-link">National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory website contains information on anthropogenic UK emissions and compilation methods for a wide range of air pollutants; as well as hosting a number of reports including the Devolved Administrations’ Air Quality Pollutant Inventories.
The methodology to estimate emissions is continuously reviewed and developed to take account of new data sources, emission factors and modelling methods. This means the whole emissions time series from 1990 to the reporting year is revised annually.
Please note: Due to methodological updates and improvements which are routinely carried out each year, the data and trends discussed here are not directly comparable to those published in previous iterations of this Accredited Official Statistics release. More information can be found in the accompanying Methods Document. For year-on-year changes in emissions, the trends presented within this document and the accompanying statistical tables should be used.
If you do wish to see the impact of these methodological changes, you can access previous editions of this publication via https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/*/https:/www.gov.uk/government/statistics/emissions-of-air-pollutants" class="govuk-link">The National Archives or the links below. As it takes time to compile and analyse the data from many different sources, this statistic publication is produced with a 2-year delay from the reporting year, meaning that this year’s inventory represents the reporting year 2023.
Please email us with your feedback to help us make the publication more valuable to you.
https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20240315195515/https:/www.gov.uk/government/statistics/emissions-of-air-pollutants" class="govuk-link">Emissions of air pollutants in the UK, 1970 to 2022
Published: 14 February 2024
https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20221124144722/https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/emissions-of-air-pollutants" class="govuk-link">Emissions of air pollutants in the UK, 1970 to 2021
Published: 18 February 2023
https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20221225221936/https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/emissions-of-air-pollutants" class="govuk-link">Emissions of air pollutants in the UK, 1970 to 2020
Published: 14 February 2022
https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20210215184515/https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/emissions-of-air-pollutants" class="govuk-link">Emissions of air pollutants in the UK, 1970 to 2019
Published: 12 February 2021
https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20201014182239/https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/emissions-of-air-pollutants" class="govuk-link">Emissions of air pollutants in the UK, 1970 to 2018
Published: 14 February 2020
https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20200103213653/https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/emissions-of-air-pollutants" class="govuk-link">Emissions of air pollutants in the UK, 1970 to 2017
Published: 15 February 2019
<a rel="external" href="https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/
Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
License information was derived automatically
United States US: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Male data was reported at 17.000 NA in 2016. United States US: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Male data is updated yearly, averaging 17.000 NA from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2016, with 1 observations. United States US: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Health Statistics. Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution is the number of deaths attributable to the joint effects of household and ambient air pollution in a year per 100,000 population. The rates are age-standardized. Following diseases are taken into account: acute respiratory infections (estimated for all ages); cerebrovascular diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); ischaemic heart diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults (estimated above 25 years); and lung cancer in adults (estimated above 25 years).; ; World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).; Weighted average;
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) provides air pollution data about ozone and particulate matter (PM2.5) to CDC for the Tracking Network. The EPA maintains a database called the Air Quality System (AQS) which contains data from approximately 4,000 monitoring stations around the country, mainly in urban areas. Data from the AQS is considered the "gold standard" for determining outdoor air pollution. However, AQS data are limited because the monitoring stations are usually in urban areas or cities and because they only take air samples for some air pollutants every three days or during times of the year when air pollution is very high. CDC and EPA have worked together to develop a statistical model (Downscaler) to make modeled predictions available for environmental public health tracking purposes in areas of the country that do not have monitors and to fill in the time gaps when monitors may not be recording data. This data does not include "Percent of population in counties exceeding NAAQS (vs. population in counties that either meet the standard or do not monitor PM2.5)". Please visit the Tracking homepage for this information.View additional information for indicator definitions and documentation by selecting Content Area "Air Quality" and the respective indicator at the following website: http://ephtracking.cdc.gov/showIndicatorsData.action
An estimated 63,600 deaths were attributable to air pollution in the United States in 2021. The annual number of deaths attributable to air pollution in the United States has dropped significantly since 1990. The decline in deaths has coincided with improved air quality, with PM2.5 levels in the U.S. falling more than 40 percent since the turn of the century.
Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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Germany DE: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Female data was reported at 12.000 NA in 2016. Germany DE: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Female data is updated yearly, averaging 12.000 NA from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2016, with 1 observations. Germany DE: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.World Bank.WDI: Health Statistics. Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution is the number of deaths attributable to the joint effects of household and ambient air pollution in a year per 100,000 population. The rates are age-standardized. Following diseases are taken into account: acute respiratory infections (estimated for all ages); cerebrovascular diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); ischaemic heart diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults (estimated above 25 years); and lung cancer in adults (estimated above 25 years).; ; World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).; Weighted average;
Open Government Licence - Canada 2.0https://open.canada.ca/en/open-government-licence-canada
License information was derived automatically
The ministry monitors air pollution levels and issues smog advisories when there is strong likelihood that widespread, elevated, and persistent smog levels are expected. This dataset provides a comprehensive summary in excel file format. The dataset includes the forecasts for the regions where a smog advisory was issued and the duration of the advisory for each year.
Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
License information was derived automatically
Kuwait KW: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: per 100,000 Population data was reported at 103.800 Ratio in 2016. Kuwait KW: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: per 100,000 Population data is updated yearly, averaging 103.800 Ratio from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2016, with 1 observations. Kuwait KW: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: per 100,000 Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Kuwait – Table KW.World Bank: Health Statistics. Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution is the number of deaths attributable to the joint effects of household and ambient air pollution in a year per 100,000 population. The rates are age-standardized. Following diseases are taken into account: acute respiratory infections (estimated for all ages); cerebrovascular diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); ischaemic heart diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults (estimated above 25 years); and lung cancer in adults (estimated above 25 years).; ; World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).; Weighted average;
Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
License information was derived automatically
United Kingdom UK: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: per 100,000 Population data was reported at 13.800 Ratio in 2016. United Kingdom UK: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: per 100,000 Population data is updated yearly, averaging 13.800 Ratio from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2016, with 1 observations. United Kingdom UK: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: per 100,000 Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.World Bank: Health Statistics. Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution is the number of deaths attributable to the joint effects of household and ambient air pollution in a year per 100,000 population. The rates are age-standardized. Following diseases are taken into account: acute respiratory infections (estimated for all ages); cerebrovascular diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); ischaemic heart diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults (estimated above 25 years); and lung cancer in adults (estimated above 25 years).; ; World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).; Weighted average;
https://www.usa.gov/government-workshttps://www.usa.gov/government-works
Daily air quality data collected by the EPA Air Quality Service (AQS), from 1990-2021. This dataset includes air quality statistics from AQS monitors in the area surrounding Cambridge (Kenmore, Roxbury, Von Hillern, Chelsea). Each contains a parameter code which specifies one of the six pollutants for which the EPA AQS has an Air Quality Index (AQI).
Information on how to interpret AQI values can be found here: https://www.airnow.gov/aqi/aqi-basics/
This dataset contains United Arab Emirates Annual Average of Air Pollutants Concentration by Monitoring Station for 2013 - 2020. Data from Federal Competitiveness and Statistics Authority. Follow datasource.kapsarc.org for timely data to advance energy economics research.Empty field = no data for the reporting period.Statistics by Subject -> Agricultural and Environmental Statistics -> Environment ->Air StatisticsNo working stations in Umm Al - Quwain emirate and no data about the Monitoring stations in Fujairah.
http://reference.data.gov.uk/id/open-government-licencehttp://reference.data.gov.uk/id/open-government-licence
Air pollution results from the introduction of a range of substances into the atmosphere from a wide variety of sources. It can cause both short term and long term effects on health, but also on the wider environment. The air quality in Northern Ireland is generally better now than it has been at any time since before the Industrial Revolution.
These improvements have been achieved through the introduction of legislation enforcing tighter controls on emissions of pollutants from key sources, notably industry, domestic combustion and transport. However, despite the improvements made, air pollution is still recognised as a risk to health, and many people are concerned about pollution in the air that they breathe.
Government statistics estimate that air pollution in the UK reduces the life expectancy of every person by an average of 7-8 months, with an associated cost of up to £20 billion each year. Legislation and Policies aiming to further minimise and track the impact of air pollution on health and the environment have been introduced in Europe, the UK and Northern Ireland.
This publication summarises the concentrations of major air pollutants as measured by the Automatic Urban and Rural Network (AURN). This release covers annual average concentrations in the UK of:
The release also covers the number of days when air pollution was ‘Moderate’ or higher for any one of five pollutants listed below:
These statistics are used to monitor progress against the UK’s reduction targets for concentrations of air pollutants. Improvements in air quality help reduce harm to human health and the environment.
Air quality in the UK is strongly linked to anthropogenic emissions of pollutants. For more information on UK emissions data and other information please refer to the air quality and emissions statistics GOV.UK page.
The statistics in this publication are based on data from the Automatic Urban and Rural Network (AURN) of air quality monitors. The https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/" class="govuk-link">UK-AIR website contains the latest air quality monitoring data for the UK and detailed information about the different monintoring networks that measure air quality. The website also hosts the latest data produced using Pollution Climate Mapping (PCM) which is a suite of models that uses both monitoring and emissions data to model concentrations of air pollutants across the whole of the UK. The UK-AIR website also provides air pollution episode updates and information on Local Authority Air Quality Management Areas as well as a number of useful reports.
The monitoring data is continuously reviewed and subject to change when issues are highlighted. This means that the time series for certain statistics may vary slightly from year to year. You can access editions of this publication via The National Archives or the links below.
The datasets associated with this publication can be found here ENV02 - Air quality statistics.
As part of our ongoing commitment to compliance with the https://code.statisticsauthority.gov.uk/" class="govuk-link">Code of Practice for Official Statistics we wish to strengthen our engagement with users of air quality data and better understand how the data is used and the types of decisions that they inform. We invite users to https://forms.office.com/pages/responsepage.aspx?id=UCQKdycCYkyQx044U38RAvtqaLEKUSxHhjbo5C6dq4lUMFBZMUJMNDNCS0xOOExBSDdESVlHSEdHUi4u&route=shorturl" class="govuk-link">register as a “user of Air Quality data”, so that we can retain your details, inform you of any new releases of Air Quality statistics and provide you with the opportunity to take part in user engagement activities that we may run. If you would like to register as a user of Air Quality data, please provide your details in the attached https://forms.office.com/pages/responsepage.aspx?id=UCQKdycCYkyQx044U38RAvtqaLEKUSxHhjbo5C6dq4lUMFBZMUJMNDNCS0xOOExBSDdESVlHSEdHUi4u&route=shorturl" class="govuk-link">form.
https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20250609165125/https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/air-quality-statistics" class="govuk-link">Air Quality Statistics in the UK, 1987 to 2023
https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20230802031254/https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/air-quality-statistics" class="govuk-link">Air Quality Statistics in the UK, 1987 to 2022
https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20230301015627/https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/air-quality-statistics" class="govuk-link">Air Quality Statistics in the UK, 1987 to 2021
https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20211111164715/https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/air-quality-statistics" class="govuk-link">Air Quality Statistics in the UK, 1987 to 2020
https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20201225100256/https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/air-quality-statistics" class="govuk-link">Air Quality Statistics in the UK, 1987 to 2019
<a rel="external" href="https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20200303