New Zealand NZ: Government Expenditure on Education: Total: % of GDP data was reported at 6.345 % in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 6.355 % for 2014. New Zealand NZ: Government Expenditure on Education: Total: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 5.829 % from Dec 1973 (Median) to 2015, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7.153 % in 2012 and a record low of 3.430 % in 1986. New Zealand NZ: Government Expenditure on Education: Total: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s New Zealand – Table NZ.World Bank: Education Statistics. General government expenditure on education (current, capital, and transfers) is expressed as a percentage of GDP. It includes expenditure funded by transfers from international sources to government. General government usually refers to local, regional and central governments.; ; United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.; Median;

Urban rural 2023 update

UR 2023 is the first major update of the geography since it was first created in 2018. The update is to ensure UR geographies are relevant and meet criteria before each five-yearly population and dwelling census. UR 2023 contains 13 new rural settlements and 7 new small urban areas. Updates were made to reflect real world change including new subdivisions and motorways, and to improve delineation of urban areas and rural settlements. The Wānaka urban area, whose population has grown to be more than 10,000 based on population estimates, has been reclassified to a medium urban area in the 2023 urban rural indicator.

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In the 2023 classification there are:

• 7 major urban areas
• 13 large urban areas
• 23 medium urban areas
• 152 small urban areas
• 402 rural settlements.

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This dataset is the definitive version of the annually released urban rural (UR) boundaries as at 1 January 2023 as defined by Stats NZ. This version contains 745 UR areas, including 195 urban areas and 402 rural settlements.

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Urban rural (UR) is an output geography that classifies New Zealand into areas that share common urban or rural characteristics and is used to disseminate a broad range of Stats NZ’s social, demographic and economic statistics.

The UR separately identifies urban areas, rural settlements, other rural areas, and water areas. Urban areas and rural settlements are form-based geographies delineated by the inspection of aerial imagery, local government land designations on district plan maps, address registers, property title data, and any other available information. However, because the underlying meshblock pattern is used to define the geographies, boundaries may not align exactly with local government land designations or what can be seen in aerial images. Other rural areas, and bodies of water represent areas not included within an urban area.

Urban areas are built from the statistical area 2 (SA2) geography, while rural and water areas are built from the statistical area 1 (SA1) geography.

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Non-digitised

The following 4 non-digitised UR areas have been aggregated from the 16 non-digitised meshblocks/SA2s.

6901; Oceanic outside region, 6902; Oceanic oil rigs, 6903; Islands outside region, 6904; Ross Dependency outside region.

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UR numbering and naming

Each urban area and rural settlement is a single geographic entity with a name and a numeric code.

Other rural areas, inland water areas, and inlets are defined by territorial authority; oceanic areas are defined by regional council; and each have a name and a numeric code.

Urban rural codes have four digits. North Island locations start with a 1, South Island codes start with a 2, oceanic codes start with a 6 and non-digitised codes start with 69.

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Urban rural indicator (IUR)

The accompanying urban rural indicator (IUR) classifies the urban, rural, and water areas by type. Urban areas are further classified by the size of their estimated resident population:

• major urban area – 100,000 or more residents,
• large urban area – 30,000–99,999 residents,
• medium urban area – 10,000–29,999 residents,
• small urban area – 1,000–9,999 residents.

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This was based on 2018 Census data and 2021 population estimates. Their IUR status (urban area size/rural settlement) may change if the 2023 Census population count moves them up or down a category.

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The indicators, by name, with their codes in brackets, are:

urban area – major urban (11), large urban (12), medium urban (13), small urban (14),

rural area – rural settlement (21), rural other (22),

water – inland water (31), inlet (32), oceanic (33).

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The urban rural indicator complements the urban rural geography and is an attribute in this dataset. Further information on the urban rural indicator is available on the Stats NZ classification and coding tool ARIA.

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For more information please refer to the Statistical standard for geographic areas 2023.

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Generalised version

This generalised version has been simplified for rapid drawing and is designed for thematic or web mapping purposes.

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Macrons

Names are provided with and without tohutō/macrons. The column name for those without macrons is suffixed ‘ascii’.

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Digital data

Digital boundary data became freely available on 1 July 2007.

To download geographic classifications in table formats such as CSV please use Ariā

Business demography statistics

Business demography statistics provide an annual snapshot (as at February) of the structure and characteristics of New Zealand businesses. Statistics produced include counts of enterprises and geographic units by industry, geography such as region or statistical area 2 (SA2), institutional sector, business type, degree of overseas ownership, enterprise births, enterprise deaths, survival rate of enterprises and employment levels.

The series covers economically significant private-sector and public-sector enterprises that are engaged in the production of goods and services in New Zealand. These enterprises are maintained on the Statistics NZ Business Register (BR), which generally includes all employing units and those enterprises with GST turnover greater than $30,000 per year.

For further information: https://www.stats.govt.nz/information-releases/new-zealand-business-demography-statistics-at-february-2020

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Statistical geography

This dataset provides data for the SA2 geography (SA22020_V1_00). Names are provided with and without tohutō/macrons. The name field without macrons is suffixed ‘ascii’. Data for earlier years is available in NZ.Stat– see Geographic units by industry and statistical area 2000-2020.

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Geographic units

The geographic unit represents a business location engaged in one, or predominantly one, kind of economic activity at a single physical site or base (e.g. a factory, a farm, a shop, an office). Geographic units are unique to enterprises and an enterprise unit can have one or many geographic units (business locations). Typically, an enterprise unit only has a single geographic unit, unless the enterprise has paid employees who permanently work at more than one location. Geographic units can be transferred between enterprises (e.g. enterprise B purchases a factory (a geographic unit on the BR) as a going concern from enterprise A).

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Employee count data

Employee counts (ECs) are sourced from the Inland Revenue employer monthly schedule (EMS) tax form.

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Industry

The Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification (ANZSIC) 2006 is used to compile Business Demography statistics. The classification can be viewed and downloaded from Ariā.

ANZSIC 2006 divisions are:

A Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing

B Mining

C Manufacturing

D Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services

E Construction

F Wholesale Trade

G Retail Trade

H Accommodation and Food Services

I Transport, Postal and Warehousing

J Information Media and Telecommunications

K Financial and Insurance Services

L Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services

M Professional, Scientific and Technical Services

N Administrative and Support Services

O Public Administration and Safety

P Education and Training

Q Health Care and Social Assistance

R Arts and Recreation Services

S Other Services

Total Industry

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Rounding

Enterprise, geographic unit, and EC counts are randomly rounded. Due to rounding, individual figures may not sum to the published totals.

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Quality limitations of fine-level data, including SA2-level data

We recommend caution when using fine-level regional and industry business demography data. The Business Register (BR) supports quality national-level and aggregate industry-level statistics but is not designed to provide quality fine-level regional or industry statistics. The BR update sources can have timing lags and less robust information for small and medium-sized enterprises. These quality weaknesses can be highlighted in fine-level business demography statistics.

For more information about data quality and available data go to DataInfo+.

New Zealand NZ: General Government: Overall Balance: % of GDP data was reported at 2.009 % in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.008 % for 2022. New Zealand NZ: General Government: Overall Balance: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 1.179 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2023, with 34 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.042 % in 2005 and a record low of -6.357 % in 1992. New Zealand NZ: General Government: Overall Balance: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s New Zealand – Table NZ.IMF.FM: Government Finance Statistics.

This dataset is the definitive set of statistical area 2 (SA2) boundaries for 2022 as defined by Stats NZ (the custodian). This version contains 2,260 SA2 features.

SA2s were introduced as part of the Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018 (SSGA2018) which replaced the New Zealand Standard Areas Classification (NZSAC1992). The SA2 geography replaces the (NZSAC1992) area unit geography.

SA2 is an output geography that provides higher aggregations of population data than can be provided at the statistical area 1 (SA1) level. The SA2 geography aims to reflect communities that interact together socially and economically. In populated areas, SA2s generally contain similar sized populations.

SA2s are built from SA1s and either define or aggregate to define urban rural areas, territorial authorities, and regional councils. SA2s in city council areas generally have a population of 2,000–4,000 residents while SA2s in district council areas generally have a population of 1,000–3,000 residents. In rural areas, many SA2s have fewer than 1,000 residents because they are in conservation areas or contain sparse populations that cover a large area.

Names are provided with and without tohutō/macrons. The name field without macrons is suffixed ‘ascii’.

This generalised version has been simplified for rapid drawing and is designed for thematic or web mapping purposes.

Digital boundary data became freely available on 1 July 2007.

This dataset is the definitive set of statistical area 2 (SA2) boundaries at 1 January 2019 as defined by Stats NZ. SA2 is a new output geography that provides higher aggregations of population data than can be provided at the statistical area 1 (SA1) level. SA2s are defined at SA1 and meshblock levels.

Digital boundary data became freely available on 1 July 2007. This generalised version has been simplified for rapid drawing and is designed for thematic or web mapping purposes.

For further information see ANZLIC Metadata 2019 Statistical Area 2 attachment below or link to the StatsNZ Classification System Aria.

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New Zealand NZ: General Government: Primary Balance: % of Potential GDP: Cyclically Adjusted data was reported at 2.756 % in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.722 % for 2022. New Zealand NZ: General Government: Primary Balance: % of Potential GDP: Cyclically Adjusted data is updated yearly, averaging 1.874 % from Dec 2005 (Median) to 2023, with 19 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.535 % in 2005 and a record low of -3.783 % in 2010. New Zealand NZ: General Government: Primary Balance: % of Potential GDP: Cyclically Adjusted data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s New Zealand – Table NZ.IMF.FM: Government Finance Statistics.

New Zealand NZ: Government Expenditure on Primary Education: % of Government Expenditure on Education data was reported at 23.237 % in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 22.999 % for 2014. New Zealand NZ: Government Expenditure on Primary Education: % of Government Expenditure on Education data is updated yearly, averaging 27.268 % from Dec 1973 (Median) to 2015, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 38.338 % in 1984 and a record low of 22.373 % in 2008. New Zealand NZ: Government Expenditure on Primary Education: % of Government Expenditure on Education data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s New Zealand – Table NZ.World Bank: Education Statistics. Expenditure on primary education is expressed as a percentage of total general government expenditure on education. General government usually refers to local, regional and central governments.; ; United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.; Median;

This dataset is the definitive set of meshblock boundaries for 2014 as defined by Statistics NZ.

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Statistics NZ maintains an annual meshblock patternfor the collection and production of statistical data, allowing data to be compared over time. A meshblock is the smallest geographic unit for which statistical data is collected and processed by Statistics NZ. A meshblock is defined by a geographic area, which can vary in size from part of a city block to a large area of rural land. Each meshblock abuts against another to form a network covering all of New Zealand, including coasts and inlets and extending out to the 200 mile economic zone. Meshblocks are added together to build up larger geographic areas such as area units and urban areas. They are also used to define electoral districts, territorial authorities and regional councils.

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As at 1st July 2007, Digital Boundary data became freely available.

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This generalised version has been simplified for rapid drawing and is designed for thematic or web mapping purposes.

New Zealand NZ: Government Expenditure on Education: Total: % of Government Expenditure data was reported at 18.125 % in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 18.020 % for 2014. New Zealand NZ: Government Expenditure on Education: Total: % of Government Expenditure data is updated yearly, averaging 17.015 % from Dec 1985 (Median) to 2015, with 25 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 19.690 % in 2012 and a record low of 8.974 % in 1986. New Zealand NZ: Government Expenditure on Education: Total: % of Government Expenditure data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s New Zealand – Table NZ.World Bank: Education Statistics. General government expenditure on education (current, capital, and transfers) is expressed as a percentage of total general government expenditure on all sectors (including health, education, social services, etc.). It includes expenditure funded by transfers from international sources to government. General government usually refers to local, regional and central governments.; ; United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.; Median;

New Zealand NZ: Domestic General Government Health Expenditure: % of GDP data was reported at 7.508 % in 2013. This records a decrease from the previous number of 7.770 % for 2012. New Zealand NZ: Domestic General Government Health Expenditure: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 6.912 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2013, with 13 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7.801 % in 2009 and a record low of 5.792 % in 2001. New Zealand NZ: Domestic General Government Health Expenditure: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s New Zealand – Table NZ.World Bank: Health Statistics. Public expenditure on health from domestic sources as a share of the economy as measured by GDP.; ; World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure database (http://apps.who.int/nha/database).; Weighted Average;

New Zealand NZ: General Government: Net Debt: % of GDP data was reported at 4.987 % in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 8.115 % for 2022. New Zealand NZ: General Government: Net Debt: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 10.963 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2023, with 34 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 70.989 % in 1992 and a record low of -2.179 % in 2008. New Zealand NZ: General Government: Net Debt: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s New Zealand – Table NZ.IMF.FM: Government Finance Statistics.

New Zealand NZ: Government Expenditure per Student: Primary: % of(GDP) Gross Domestic Productper Capita data was reported at 18.051 % in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 18.025 % for 2014. New Zealand NZ: Government Expenditure per Student: Primary: % of(GDP) Gross Domestic Productper Capita data is updated yearly, averaging 18.038 % from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2015, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 19.257 % in 2013 and a record low of 17.442 % in 1997. New Zealand NZ: Government Expenditure per Student: Primary: % of(GDP) Gross Domestic Productper Capita data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s New Zealand – Table NZ.World Bank: Education Statistics. Government expenditure per student is the average general government expenditure (current, capital, and transfers) per student in the given level of education, expressed as a percentage of GDP per capita.; ; United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.; Median;

New Zealand NZ: Government Expenditure per Student: Secondary: % of(GDP) Gross Domestic Productper Capita data was reported at 21.710 % in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 21.995 % for 2014. New Zealand NZ: Government Expenditure per Student: Secondary: % of(GDP) Gross Domestic Productper Capita data is updated yearly, averaging 21.852 % from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2015, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 22.712 % in 2013 and a record low of 21.577 % in 1997. New Zealand NZ: Government Expenditure per Student: Secondary: % of(GDP) Gross Domestic Productper Capita data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s New Zealand – Table NZ.World Bank: Education Statistics. Government expenditure per student is the average general government expenditure (current, capital, and transfers) per student in the given level of education, expressed as a percentage of GDP per capita.; ; United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.; Median;

New Zealand NZ: General Government: Gross Debt: % of GDP data was reported at 23.180 % in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 26.357 % for 2022. New Zealand NZ: General Government: Gross Debt: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 31.026 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2023, with 34 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 58.666 % in 1992 and a record low of 16.299 % in 2007. New Zealand NZ: General Government: Gross Debt: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s New Zealand – Table NZ.IMF.FM: Government Finance Statistics.

New Zealand NZ: Government Expenditure on Secondary Education: % of Government Expenditure on Education data was reported at 36.979 % in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 38.302 % for 2014. New Zealand NZ: Government Expenditure on Secondary Education: % of Government Expenditure on Education data is updated yearly, averaging 37.479 % from Dec 1973 (Median) to 2015, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 42.857 % in 1994 and a record low of 26.095 % in 1989. New Zealand NZ: Government Expenditure on Secondary Education: % of Government Expenditure on Education data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s New Zealand – Table NZ.World Bank: Education Statistics. Expenditure on secondary education is expressed as a percentage of total general government expenditure on education. General government usually refers to local, regional and central governments.; ; United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.; Median;

New Zealand NZ: Government Expenditure on Tertiary Education: % of Government Expenditure on Education data was reported at 25.566 % in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 24.949 % for 2014. New Zealand NZ: Government Expenditure on Tertiary Education: % of Government Expenditure on Education data is updated yearly, averaging 26.875 % from Dec 1973 (Median) to 2015, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 32.808 % in 1989 and a record low of 23.143 % in 2005. New Zealand NZ: Government Expenditure on Tertiary Education: % of Government Expenditure on Education data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s New Zealand – Table NZ.World Bank: Education Statistics. Expenditure on tertiary education is expressed as a percentage of total general government expenditure on education. General government usually refers to local, regional and central governments.; ; United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.; Median;

New Zealand NZ: General Government: Balance: % of Potential GDP: Cyclically Adjusted data was reported at 1.962 % in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.927 % for 2022. New Zealand NZ: General Government: Balance: % of Potential GDP: Cyclically Adjusted data is updated yearly, averaging 1.253 % from Dec 2005 (Median) to 2023, with 19 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.238 % in 2006 and a record low of -4.404 % in 2010. New Zealand NZ: General Government: Balance: % of Potential GDP: Cyclically Adjusted data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s New Zealand – Table NZ.IMF.FM: Government Finance Statistics.

New Zealand NZ: Government Expenditure per Student: Tertiary: % of(GDP) Gross Domestic Productper Capita data was reported at 27.085 % in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 27.001 % for 2014. New Zealand NZ: Government Expenditure per Student: Tertiary: % of(GDP) Gross Domestic Productper Capita data is updated yearly, averaging 28.082 % from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2015, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 37.404 % in 1997 and a record low of 27.001 % in 2014. New Zealand NZ: Government Expenditure per Student: Tertiary: % of(GDP) Gross Domestic Productper Capita data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s New Zealand – Table NZ.World Bank: Education Statistics. Government expenditure per student is the average general government expenditure (current, capital, and transfers) per student in the given level of education, expressed as a percentage of GDP per capita.; ; United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.; Median;

New Zealand NZ: Domestic General Government Health Expenditure Per Capita: Current PPP data was reported at 0.003 Intl $ mn in 2013. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.003 Intl $ mn for 2012. New Zealand NZ: Domestic General Government Health Expenditure Per Capita: Current PPP data is updated yearly, averaging 0.002 Intl $ mn from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2013, with 13 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.003 Intl $ mn in 2013 and a record low of 0.001 Intl $ mn in 2000. New Zealand NZ: Domestic General Government Health Expenditure Per Capita: Current PPP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s New Zealand – Table NZ.World Bank: Health Statistics. Public expenditure on health from domestic sources per capita expressed in international dollars at purchasing power parity (PPP).; ; World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure database (http://apps.who.int/nha/database).; Weighted Average;