Throughout the 1920s, prices on the U.S. stock exchange rose exponentially, however, by the end of the decade, uncontrolled growth and a stock market propped up by speculation and borrowed money proved unsustainable, resulting in the Wall Street Crash of October 1929. This set a chain of events in motion that led to economic collapse - banks demanded repayment of debts, the property market crashed, and people stopped spending as unemployment rose. Within a year the country was in the midst of an economic depression, and the economy continued on a downward trend until late-1932.

It was during this time where Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) was elected president, and he assumed office in March 1933 - through a series of economic reforms and New Deal policies, the economy began to recover. Stock prices fluctuated at more sustainable levels over the next decades, and developments were in line with overall economic development, rather than the uncontrolled growth seen in the 1920s. Overall, it took over 25 years for the Dow Jones value to reach its pre-Crash peak.

As of August 2020, the S&P 500 index had lost 34 percent of its value due to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the Great Crash, which began with Black Tuesday, remains the most significant loss in value in its history. That market crash lasted for 300 months and wiped 86 percent off the index value.

The main stock market index in the United States (US500) decreased 176 points or 2.99% since the beginning of 2025, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from United States. United States Stock Market Index - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on March of 2025.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) index dropped around 8,000 points in the four weeks from February 12 to March 11, 2020, but has since recovered and peaked at 44,910.65 points as of November 24, 2024. In February 2020 - just prior to the global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, the DJIA index stood at a little over 29,000 points. U.S. markets suffer as virus spreads The COVID-19 pandemic triggered a turbulent period for stock markets – the S&P 500 and Nasdaq Composite also recorded dramatic drops. At the start of February, some analysts remained optimistic that the outbreak would ease. However, the increased spread of the virus started to hit investor confidence, prompting a record plunge in the stock markets. The Dow dropped by more than 3,500 points in the week from February 21 to February 28, which was a fall of 12.4 percent – its worst percentage loss in a week since October 2008. Stock markets offer valuable economic insights The Dow Jones Industrial Average is a stock market index that monitors the share prices of the 30 largest companies in the United States. By studying the performance of the listed companies, analysts can gauge the strength of the domestic economy. If investors are confident in a company’s future, they will buy its stocks. The uncertainty of the coronavirus sparked fears of an economic crisis, and many traders decided that investment during the pandemic was too risky.

The main stock market index in Japan (JP225) decreased 2147 points or 5.38% since the beginning of 2025, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Japan. Japan Stock Market Index (JP225) - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on March of 2025.

Long term historical dataset of the NASDAQ Composite stock market index since 1971. Historical data is inflation-adjusted using the headline CPI and each data point represents the month-end closing value. The current month is updated on an hourly basis with today's latest value.

The main stock market index in Venezuela (IBC) increased 88823 points or 74.40% since the beginning of 2025, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Venezuela. Venezuela Stock Market (IBVC) - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on March of 2025.

In the first quarter of 2020, global stock indices posted substantial losses that were triggered by the outbreak of COVID-19. The period from March 6 to 18 was particularly dramatic, with several stock indices losing more than 20 percent of their value.

Worldwide panic hits markets From the United States to the United Kingdom, stock market indices suffered steep falls as the coronavirus pandemic created economic uncertainty. The Nasdaq 100 and S&P 500 are two indices that track company performance in the United States, and both lost value as lockdowns were introduced in the country. European markets also recorded significant slumps, which triggered panic selling among investors. The FTSE 100 – the leading share index of companies in the UK – plunged by as much as 21 percent in the opening weeks of March 2020.

Is it time to invest in tech stocks? The S&P 500 is regarded as the best representation of the U.S. economy because it includes more companies from the leading industries. However, helped in no small part by its focus on tech companies, the Nasdaq 100 has risen in popularity and seen remarkable growth in recent years. Global demand for digital technologies has increased further due to the coronavirus, with remote working and online shopping becoming part of the new normal. As a result, more investors are likely to switch to the tech stocks listed on the Nasdaq 100.

The main stock market index in China (SHANGHAI) increased 22 points or 0.66% since the beginning of 2025, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from China. China Shanghai Composite Stock Market Index - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on March of 2025.

The main stock market index in Russia (MOEX) increased 264 points or 9.16% since the beginning of 2025, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Russia. Russia Stock Market Index MOEX CFD - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on March of 2025.

Lehman Brothers, the fourth largest investment bank on Wall Street, declared bankruptcy on the 15th of September 2008, becoming the largest bankruptcy in U.S. history. The investment house, which was founded in the mid-19th century, had become heavily involved in the U.S. housing bubble in the early 2000s, with its large holdings of toxic mortgage-backed securities (MBS) ultimately causing the bank's downfall. The bank had expanded rapidly following the repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act in 1999, which meant that investment banks could also engage in commercial banking activities. Lehman vertically integrated their mortgage business, buying smaller commercial enterprises that originated housing loans, which allowed the bank to expand its MBS holdings. The downfall of Lehman and the crash of '08 As the U.S. housing market began to slow down in 2006, the default rate on housing loans began to spike, triggering losses for Lehman from their MBS portfolio. Lehman's main competitor in mortgage financing, Bear Stearns, was bought by J.P. Morgan Chase in order to prevent bankruptcy in March 2008, leading investors and lenders to become increasingly concerned about the bank's financial health. As the bank relied on short-term funding on money markets in order to meet its obligations, the news of its huge losses in the third-quarter of 2008 further prevented it from funding itself on financial markets. By September, it was clear that without external assistance, the bank would fail. As its losses from credit default swaps mounted due to the deepening crash in the housing market, Lehman was forced to declare bankruptcy on September 15, as no buyer could be found to save the bank. The collapse of Lehman triggered panic in global financial markets, forcing the U.S. government to step in and bail-out the insurance giant AIG the next day on September 16. The effects of this financial crisis hit the non-financial economy hard, causing a global recession in 2009.

The main stock market index in Pakistan (KSE 100) increased 2645 points or 2.30% since the beginning of 2025, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Pakistan. Pakistan Stock Market (KSE100) - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on March of 2025.

The size and share of the market is categorized based on Type (Male Dummy, Female Dummy, Child Dummy) and Application (Automotive Crash Test, Aerospace Test, Others) and geographical regions (North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, South America, and Middle-East and Africa).

The Long Depression was, by a large margin, the longest-lasting recession in U.S. history. It began in the U.S. with the Panic of 1873, and lasted for over five years. This depression was the largest in a series of recessions at the turn of the 20th century, which proved to be a period of overall stagnation as the U.S. financial markets failed to keep pace with industrialization and changes in monetary policy. Great Depression The Great Depression, however, is widely considered to have been the most severe recession in U.S. history. Following the Wall Street Crash in 1929, the country's economy collapsed, wages fell and a quarter of the workforce was unemployed. It would take almost four years for recovery to begin. Additionally, U.S. expansion and integration in international markets allowed the depression to become a global event, which became a major catalyst in the build up to the Second World War. Decreasing severity When comparing recessions before and after the Great Depression, they have generally become shorter and less frequent over time. Only three recessions in the latter period have lasted more than one year. Additionally, while there were 12 recessions between 1880 and 1920, there were only six recessions between 1980 and 2020. The most severe recession in recent years was the financial crisis of 2007 (known as the Great Recession), where irresponsible lending policies and lack of government regulation allowed for a property bubble to develop and become detached from the economy over time, this eventually became untenable and the bubble burst. Although the causes of both the Great Depression and Great Recession were similar in many aspects, economists have been able to use historical evidence to try and predict, prevent, or limit the impact of future recessions.

The Automotive Collision Avoidance Systems Market Report is Segmented by Function Type (Adaptive, Automated, Monitoring, And Warning), Technology Type (Radar, Lidar, Camera, And Ultrasonic), Vehicle Type (Passenger Vehicle and Commercial Vehicle), And Geography (North America, Europe, Asia-pacific, And Rest of the World). The Market Size and Forecasts are Provided in Terms of Value (USD) for all the Above Segments.

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Automotive Crash Test Dummies Market Size 2025-2029

The automotive crash test dummies market size is forecast to increase by USD 17.2 million at a CAGR of 2.9% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is experiencing significant growth due to the increasing emphasis on vehicle safety and stringent regulations. One of the key trends driving market growth is the rising demand for moving dummies used in pedestrian protection systems. Additionally, the popularity of crash test simulators is increasing, allowing for more accurate and efficient testing. With the evolving designs of vehicles, including autonomous vehicles and electric vehicles (EVs), enhanced safety standards are becoming increasingly important to address the unique risks associated with these new technologies. 
These advancements enable automakers to develop safer vehicles, thereby catering to the evolving consumer preference for enhanced safety features. Furthermore, the need for crash and safety testing is becoming increasingly crucial, as governments and regulatory bodies continue to implement stricter safety standards. Overall, the market is poised for strong growth In the coming years.

What will be the Size of the Automotive Crash Test Dummies Market During the Forecast Period?

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The automotive industry's relentless pursuit of enhancing vehicle safety has led to the development and refinement of advanced safety systems. Central to this endeavor are human surrogate models, commonly known as crash test dummies. These life-sized figurines play a crucial role in assessing injury risk during vehicle impacts, ensuring the structural integrity of automobiles, and validating the effectiveness of safety features such as crumple zones, airbags, and seat belts. Crash test dummies also referred to as anthropomorphic models, are designed to replicate the human body's anatomy and physiology.
These models are meticulously engineered to simulate the biomechanical response of the human body during various crash scenarios. By subjecting these dummies to controlled vehicle impacts, engineers can evaluate the performance of vehicle safety systems under diverse conditions. The importance of crash test dummies extends beyond the automotive sector. Injury risk assessment in aerospace occupant protection and pedestrian safety testing also relies on these human surrogate models. The data obtained from crashworthiness testing provides invaluable insights into the effectiveness of safety features and helps manufacturers optimize their designs to minimize injury risk. Crash test dummies are integral components of safety testing procedures. They are equipped with sensors, including accelerometers, to measure the forces experienced during collisions.

How is this Automotive Crash Test Dummies Industry segmented and which is the largest segment?

The industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Product

  Male crash test dummy
  Female crash test dummy
  Child crash test dummy


Application

  Passenger vehicle
  Commercial vehicle


Type

  Frontal Impact Testing
  Side Impact Testing
  Rear Impact Testing
  Pedestrian Impact Testing


End-user Industry

  Automotive Manufacturers
  Government & Regulatory Agencies and Research
  Testing Centers


Geography

  Europe

    France
    Germany
    Italy
    UK


  North America

    US
    Canada


  APAC

    China
    Hong Kong
    India
    Japan


  South America



  Middle East and Africa

By Product Insights

The male crash test dummy segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. Crash testing In the automotive industry has been influenced by military vehicle and aerospace occupant protection research. Initially, standard crash test dummies were modeled after male physiques. However, due to the rising average male weight globally, manufacturers like Humanetics have responded by creating diverse male crash test dummies with varying body structures. These dummies are essential for various crash tests, including frontal, side-impact, rear-impact, rollover, and pedestrian impact tests. Each dummy can be utilized in multiple crash tests. Given their frequent usage in various tests, the demand for replacing male crash test dummies is higher than other types.

Crumple zones, airbags, seat belts, and sensors are integral components of these dummies, ensuring structural integrity during testing. Pedestrian safety testing is another critical application of crash test dummies, which helps assess the safety of vehicles for vulnerable road users.

Get a glance at the share of various segments. Request Free Sample

The male crash test dummy segment was valued at USD 78.30 million in 2019 and

The size and share of the market is categorized based on Type (Frontal Impact Dummies, Side Impact Dummies, Rear Impact Dummies) and Application (Passenger car, Commercial vehicle) and geographical regions (North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, South America, and Middle-East and Africa).

The Commercial Aircraft Collision Avoidance System Market Report is Segmented by Aircraft Type (Narrow-Body Aircraft, Wide-Body Aircraft, Regional Aircraft) and Geography (North America (United States, Canada), Europe (United Kingdom, Germany, France, Italy, Rest of Europe), Asia-Pacific (China, India, Japan, South Korea, Rest of Asia-Pacific), Latin America (Brazil, Rest of Latin America), and Middle East and Africa (United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Rest of Middle East and Africa)). The Report Offers Market Sizes and Forecasts for all the Above Segments in Value (USD).

The Crash Barrier System Market size was valued at USD 6.79 USD Billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 9.62 USD Billion by 2032, exhibiting a CAGR of 5.1 % during the forecast period.A crash barrier system is an effective degree for reinforcing avenue safety, dealing with traffic waft, and decreasing avenue fatalities. Typically, a crash barrier is a robust low fence positioned along roads or among opposing lanes on highways to save us from accidents. They play a essential role in lessening the effect of collisions, as automobiles concerned in highway accidents regularly veer sideways. The market for crash barriers is frequently encouraged by way of factors inclusive of accelerated investments in infrastructure development, the growth of avenue networks, and stringent government pointers aimed at enhancing street safety. Key drivers for this market are: Rising Demand for Consumer Good Materials Produced by AHF to Drive Market Growth . Potential restraints include: Price Volatility of Raw Material Prices to Hamper the Market Growth.

The size and share of the market is categorized based on Type (K4, K6, K8, K12) and Application (Government Institutions, Financial Institutions, Military Facilities, Sports Complexes, Hotels, Airports, Industrial Areas, Others) and geographical regions (North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, South America, and Middle-East and Africa).