The main stock market index of United States, the US500, rose to 6698 points on September 22, 2025, gaining 0.51% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has climbed 4.02% and is up 17.13% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from United States. United States Stock Market Index - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on September of 2025.

Japan's main stock market index, the JP225, rose to 45481 points on September 22, 2025, gaining 0.97% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has climbed 6.24% and is up 19.87% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Japan. Japan Stock Market Index (JP225) - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on September of 2025.

Stock market return (%, year-on-year) in United Kingdom was reported at 14.38 % in 2021, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. United Kingdom - Stock market return (%, year-on-year) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on September of 2025.

Stock market return (%, year-on-year) in United States was reported at 32.65 % in 2021, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. United States - Stock market return (%, year-on-year) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on August of 2025.

Key information about India Sensitive 30 (Sensex)

• India Sensitive 30 (Sensex) closed at 73,198.1 points in Feb 2025, compared with 77,500.6 points at the previous month end
• India Equity Market Index: Month End: BSE: Sensitive 30 (Sensex) data is updated monthly, available from Apr 1979 to Feb 2025, with an average number of 4,285.0 points
• The data reached an all-time high of 84,299.8 points in Sep 2024 and a record low of 115.6 points in Nov 1979

[COVID-19-IMPACT]


Further information about India Sensitive 30 (Sensex)

• In the latest reports, SENSEX recorded a daily P/E ratio of 20.6 in Mar 2025

Hong Kong's main stock market index, the HK50, fell to 26398 points on September 22, 2025, losing 0.55% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has climbed 2.20% and is up 44.67% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Hong Kong. Hong Kong Stock Market Index (HK50) - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on September of 2025.

Key information about India Market Capitalization: % of GDP

• India Market Capitalization accounted for 133.5 % of its Nominal GDP in Dec 2024, compared with a percentage of 120.9 % in the previous year
• India Market Capitalization: % Nominal GDP is updated yearly, available from Dec 1993 to Dec 2024
• The data reached an all-time high of 146.4 % in Dec 2007 and a record low of 23.0 % in Dec 2001

CEIC calculates annual Market Capitalization as % of Nominal GDP from monthly Market Capitalization and annual Nominal GDP. BSE Limited provides Market Capitalization in local currency. The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation provides Nominal GDP in local currency. Nominal GDP is reported in annual frequency, ending in March of each year.


Further information about India Market Capitalization: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, SENSEX recorded a daily P/E ratio of 20.6 in Mar 2025
• Sensitive 30 (Sensex) closed at 73,198.1 points in Feb 2025

The main stock market index of United States, the US500, rose to 6683 points on September 22, 2025, gaining 0.28% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has climbed 3.78% and is up 16.86% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from United States. United States Stock Market Index - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on September of 2025.

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Foreign Exchange Market Size 2025-2029

The foreign exchange market size is valued to increase by USD 582 billion, at a CAGR of 10.6% from 2024 to 2029. Growing urbanization and digitalization will drive the foreign exchange market.

Major Market Trends & Insights

Europe dominated the market and accounted for a 47% growth during the forecast period.
By Type - Reporting dealers segment was valued at USD 278.60 billion in 2023
By Trade Finance Instruments - Currency swaps segment accounted for the largest market revenue share in 2023

Market Size & Forecast

Market Opportunities: USD 118.14 billion
Market Future Opportunities: USD 582.00 billion
CAGR from 2024 to 2029 : 10.6%

Market Summary

The market, a dynamic and intricate web of financial transactions, plays a pivotal role in facilitating global trade and economic interactions. Its primary function is to enable the conversion of one currency into another, thereby mitigating the risk of currency fluctuations for businesses and investors. Key drivers of this market include growing urbanization and digitalization, which have expanded trading opportunities to a 24x7 global economy. However, the uncertainty of future exchange rates poses a significant challenge, necessitating effective risk management strategies. The market's evolution reflects the increasing interconnectedness of the global economy. Transactions occur in a decentralized, over-the-counter system, with major trading centers in London, New York, and Tokyo.
Participants include commercial banks, investment banks, hedge funds, and individual investors, all seeking to capitalize on price differences between currencies. Trends shaping the market include the increasing use of automation and artificial intelligence to analyze market data and execute trades. Regulatory changes, such as the introduction of stricter capital requirements, also impact the market's functioning. Looking ahead, the market is expected to remain a vital component of the global financial landscape, with continued growth driven by increased trade and economic interdependence. However, challenges, such as regulatory changes and geopolitical risks, will necessitate adaptability and innovation from market participants.

What will be the Size of the Foreign Exchange Market during the forecast period?

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How is the Foreign Exchange Market Segmented ?

The foreign exchange industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Type

  Reporting dealers
  Financial institutions
  Non-financial customers


Trade Finance Instruments

  Currency swaps
  Outright forward and FX swaps
  FX options


Trading Platforms

  Electronic Trading
  Over-the-Counter (OTC)
  Mobile Trading


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    Germany
    Switzerland
    UK


  Middle East and Africa

    UAE


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan


  South America

    Brazil


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Type Insights

The reporting dealers segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The market, a dynamic and ever-evolving financial landscape, is characterized by constant activity and intricate patterns. Participants engage in various trading strategies, employing advanced tools such as stop-loss and take-profit orders on forex trading platforms. Real-time data feeds and order book dynamics facilitate trade execution speed, while market microstructure and slippage minimization techniques ensure efficient transactions. Currency correlation analysis and transaction cost analysis are integral to informed decision-making, with backtesting methodologies providing valuable insights. Currency forwards contracts, position sizing techniques, and forex derivatives pricing are essential components of risk management systems. Carry trade strategies, hedging strategies, and interest rate parity are popular tactics employed by market participants.

Algorithmic trading strategies, driven by options pricing models and trading algorithms' efficiency, significantly influence price discovery mechanisms. High-frequency trading and volatility modeling contribute to the market's liquidity risk management, while foreign exchange swaps and currency option valuation help manage risk. The market's complexities necessitate sophisticated risk management systems and intricate order routing optimization. Global payments systems facilitate the smooth transfer of funds, and liquidity risk management remains a critical concern for market participants. According to recent studies, The market is estimated to account for approximately USD6 trillion in daily trading volume, und

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US Sauna Market Size 2025-2029

The US sauna market size is forecast to increase by USD 151.3 million, at a CAGR of 6.4% between 2024 and 2029.

Major Market Trends & Insights

By End-user - Hotel segment was valued at USD 124.30 million in 2022
By Product Type - Traditional segment accounted for the largest market revenue share in 2022

Market Size & Forecast

Market Opportunities: USD 73.89 million
Market Future Opportunities: USD 151.30 million 
CAGR : 6.4%

Market Summary

The Sauna market in the US has experienced significant growth in recent years, with increasing focus on wellness and self-care driving the demand. According to market research, the adoption rate of saunas, both commercial and residential, has risen by approximately 5% annually over the past decade. Home saunas, in particular, have gained popularity due to their convenience and affordability. However, the high cost of equipment and maintenance remains a barrier for some consumers. Despite this, the market continues to evolve, with innovations in technology leading to more energy-efficient and cost-effective sauna solutions.
Additionally, the rise of portable and infrared saunas has expanded the market's reach to a wider audience. These trends underscore the ongoing importance of the Sauna market in the US and its potential for continued growth.

What will be the size of the US Sauna Market during the forecast period?

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The US sauna market exhibits a steady expansion, with current penetration reaching approximately 1.5 million households. This figure represents a substantial 10% of American households, demonstrating a significant market presence. Looking ahead, industry experts project a continuous growth trajectory, anticipating a 5% annual increase in market size over the next five years. Comparing key performance indicators, the sauna industry's revenue growth outpaces that of the overall wellness and fitness market, which is projected to expand at a 3% CAGR.
This discrepancy highlights the increasing consumer preference for sauna experiences and the market's potential for continued expansion. Furthermore, the sauna industry's environmental commitment is noteworthy. Manufacturers are focusing on energy efficiency and sustainability, with some models consuming as little as 1.5 kW per hour. This eco-conscious approach not only reduces the industry's carbon footprint but also aligns with consumer values, making saunas an attractive investment for eco-conscious consumers.

How is this US Sauna Market segmented?

The sauna in US industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

End-user

  Hotel
  Gym
  Household
  Others


Product Type

  Traditional
  Steam
  Infrared


Application

  Residential
  Commercial


Distribution Channel

  Online Retail
  Specialty Stores
  Direct Sales


Installation

  Portable
  somaBuilt-In


Geography

  North America

    US

By End-user Insights

The hotel segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The sauna market in the US encompasses various sectors, with the hotel segment experiencing notable growth. This segment caters to hotels and resorts, offering sauna facilities to their guests. Infrared heaters, available in far infrared wavelengths, are increasingly popular for their insulation effectiveness and energy efficiency. Maintenance procedures ensure the longevity of these heaters, while water resistance ratings protect against moisture damage. Carbon monoxide detectors and thermostat calibration are essential safety features, ensuring a healthy sauna environment. Sauna room ventilation is crucial for maintaining air quality and user comfort, with rate control systems optimizing air circulation.

Far infrared heaters distribute heat evenly, while heat capacity materials, such as ceramics, enhance efficiency. Sauna wood types, like cedar and redwood, contribute to the therapeutic experience, while wood treatment methods ensure durability. Digital sauna controls and smart home integration offer convenience, with heat transfer mechanisms ensuring optimal temperature distribution. Sauna temperature sensors and remote controls enable user customization. Therapeutic applications, such as pain relief and stress reduction, drive demand, with research continually uncovering new health benefits. Sauna construction materials prioritize structural integrity, while lighting systems enhance the user experience. Power consumption metrics are a key consideration for energy-efficient designs.

Emphasizing user experience design, sauna emf emissions are minimized, and aromatherapy integration offers a personalized touch. A

The outbreak of the coronavirus (COVD-19) pandemic has changed the way many people communicate, personally and professionally. An increase in working from home (WFH) and social distancing has made face-to-face contact with relatives, friends, and colleagues harder. Tracing the share price of Zoom – a prominent video communications service – shows how central web conferencing has become to keeping people in contact throughout the pandemic. While the price has increased steadily throughout 2020, a positive announcement regarding the efficiency of a COVID-19 vaccine made on November 9, 2020, resulted in Zoom’s share price falling from ****** U.S. dollars to ****** U.S. dollars on November 10, 2020. Since then the share price has stumbled downwards, landing on ** U.S. dollars on July 29, 2024. Despite the fall from grace on the stock market, Zoom's business is more robust than ever, both in terms of revenue and income. The company has really cashed in on the opportunity provided by the pandemic and has grown its business tremendously. The work-from-home experiment A recent survey showed that in companies with digital output, ** percent of respondents work either entirely in a work-from-home (WFH) setting, or in a hybrid arrangement. Web conferencing software is experiencing an increase in spending as a result, with ** percent of respondents planning to increase their spending in this area. Services such as Zoom are certain to see a reduction in user numbers when the pandemic is brought under control, but usage is unlikely to return to pre-pandemic levels. In a recent survey of ***** CIOs and IT leaders across ** countries, ** percent of respondents said they expect at least some of their workforce to WFH post-COVID-19. Hardware sales defy forecasts As well as increases in software and services that enable WFH, physical hardware has also seen an increase in sales, likely due to workers setting up offices at home. Following an initial dip caused by supply chain disruptions, increased demand, especially in the education and business sectors, saw PC shipments return to growth. This defies forecasts made during the initial phases of the pandemic, when analysts expected a drop of anywhere from *** to **** percent in the shipments of personal computing devices.

The global big data market is forecasted to grow to 103 billion U.S. dollars by 2027, more than double its expected market size in 2018. With a share of 45 percent, the software segment would become the large big data market segment by 2027.

What is Big data?

Big data is a term that refers to the kind of data sets that are too large or too complex for traditional data processing applications. It is defined as having one or some of the following characteristics: high volume, high velocity or high variety. Fast-growing mobile data traffic, cloud computing traffic, as well as the rapid development of technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) all contribute to the increasing volume and complexity of data sets.

Big data analytics

Advanced analytics tools, such as predictive analytics and data mining, help to extract value from the data and generate new business insights. The global big data and business analytics market was valued at 169 billion U.S. dollars in 2018 and is expected to grow to 274 billion U.S. dollars in 2022. As of November 2018, 45 percent of professionals in the market research industry reportedly used big data analytics as a research method.

Key information about Vietnam Market Capitalization

• Vietnam Market Capitalization accounted for 220.052 USD bn in Feb 2025, compared with a percentage of 216.705 USD bn in the previous month
• Vietnam Market Capitalization is updated monthly, available from Jan 2010 to Feb 2025
• The data reached an all-time high of 255.722 USD bn in Mar 2022 and a record low of 21.787 USD bn in Dec 2011

CEIC converts monthly Market Capitalization into USD. Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange provides Market Capitalization in local currency. The State Bank of Vietnam period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. Market Capitalization covers Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange only, which is the main stock market in Vietnam.

The Long Depression was, by a large margin, the longest-lasting recession in U.S. history. It began in the U.S. with the Panic of 1873, and lasted for over five years. This depression was the largest in a series of recessions at the turn of the 20th century, which proved to be a period of overall stagnation as the U.S. financial markets failed to keep pace with industrialization and changes in monetary policy. Great Depression The Great Depression, however, is widely considered to have been the most severe recession in U.S. history. Following the Wall Street Crash in 1929, the country's economy collapsed, wages fell and a quarter of the workforce was unemployed. It would take almost four years for recovery to begin. Additionally, U.S. expansion and integration in international markets allowed the depression to become a global event, which became a major catalyst in the build up to the Second World War. Decreasing severity When comparing recessions before and after the Great Depression, they have generally become shorter and less frequent over time. Only three recessions in the latter period have lasted more than one year. Additionally, while there were 12 recessions between 1880 and 1920, there were only six recessions between 1980 and 2020. The most severe recession in recent years was the financial crisis of 2007 (known as the Great Recession), where irresponsible lending policies and lack of government regulation allowed for a property bubble to develop and become detached from the economy over time, this eventually became untenable and the bubble burst. Although the causes of both the Great Depression and Great Recession were similar in many aspects, economists have been able to use historical evidence to try and predict, prevent, or limit the impact of future recessions.

Key information about Sri Lanka All Share

• Sri Lanka All Share closed at 16,478.7 points in Feb 2025, compared with 17,122.7 points at the previous month end
• Sri Lanka Equity Market Index: Month End: CSE: All Share data is updated monthly, available from Jan 1987 to Feb 2025, with an average number of 1,922.2 points
• The data reached an all-time high of 17,122.7 points in Jan 2025 and a record low of 137.5 points in Nov 1988

No available data for April 2020 due to temporary closure of Colombo Stock Exchange from March 23 to May 8, 2020


Further information about Sri Lanka All Share

• In the latest reports, All Shares recorded a daily P/E ratio of 8.3 in Mar 2025

As per Cognitive Market Research's latest published report, the Global Liquid Carbon Dioxide market size will be $2,071.22 Million by 2028.Liquid Carbon Dioxide Industry's Compound Annual Growth Rate will be 4.82% from 2023 to 2030.

The North America Liquid Carbon Dioxide market size will be USD 780.64 Million by 2028.

Factors Affecting Liquid Carbon Dioxide Market Growth

Rising demand for food & beverages industry

The food and beverage industry has a unique role in expanding economic opportunity because it is universal to human life and health. This industry operates various segments where billions of people grow, transform, and sell food, particularly in developing countries where agriculture dominates all other economic sectors. The global food & beverage industry has seen rapid growth over the last ten years and this is expected to continue. The global food and beverage industry is growing at around 5% a year and global expenditure on food products by consumers is expected to reach US$20 trillion by 2030.

Following graph shows the global revenue in the food & beverages industry which is projected to reach US $258,741 million in 2021.

Asia Pacific is the fastest growing region for the food & beverage industry due to rapid increasing population. India is forecast to have the strongest annual growth of food & beverage sales between 2017 and 2020, with 13.1%. Average annual growth in China reached to 11.2% over the last four years. Indonesia and the Philippines both countries expected to see a strong acceleration in growth, with forecasts of 10.1% and 9.6% respectively. After Asia Pacific region second most growing region for the food & beverage industry is Middle East & Africa, which is followed by the America.

Moreover, healthy food development has become a relentless pattern, due to enormous part to a more prominent social attention to sustenance. The move towards more advantageous foods has been driven by shopper request, and when all is said in done the business has rushed to react, with numerous brands reformulating or re promoting their merchandise. Liquid carbon dioxide is widely used in the preservation of food, in fire extinguishers, and in commercial food processes. For food preservation, liquid carbon dioxide is used to refrigerate, preserve, store and soften.

Hence, rising demand for food & beverages industry boost the demand of liquid Co2 market.

The Restraining Factor of Liquid Carbon Dioxide

High Costs of Production and Transportation:

The production of liquid carbon dioxide is energy-intensive, requiring low-temperature liquefaction processes and high-purity feedstocks, which raise operational costs. Additionally, because liquid CO? must be stored at very low temperatures and under pressure, its transportation demands specialized cryogenic tanks and insulated pipelines. These storage and logistical requirements not only elevate capital and maintenance costs but also limit distribution over long distances, especially in underdeveloped regions lacking proper infrastructure. This cost barrier can deter small- and medium-scale end-users from adopting liquid CO?, limiting market growth.

Environmental and Regulatory Pressures:

Although liquid CO? is often a byproduct of industrial processes (such as ammonia or ethanol production), it is still classified as a greenhouse gas. Increasing global efforts to reduce carbon emissions have prompted tighter environmental regulations, which could restrict the availability of CO? from certain sources or impose additional compliance costs. Furthermore, evolving climate change policies and the push for carbon-neutral or carbon-negative technologies may shift focus away from conventional CO? utilization and toward carbon capture and storage (CCS) or alternative green technologies. This regulatory uncertainty could hinder long-term investment and slow market expansion.

Opportunities for Liquid Carbon Dioxide Market

Growing Demand in the Food and Beverage Industry:

Liquid carbon dioxide is widely used in the food and beverage sector for applications such as carbonation of soft drinks, preservation, chilling, freezing, and packaging under modified atmospheres. With the global increase in consumption of ready-to-eat and frozen foods, particularly in emerging markets like Asia-Pacific and Latin America, the demand for liquid CO? is expected to surge. Additionally...

Graphic Design Market was valued at USD 57.5 billion in 2023 and is slated to reach USD 78.25 billion by 2030, due to expanding e-commerce worldwide.

Pakistan's main stock market index, the KSE 100, rose to 158157 points on September 23, 2025, gaining 0.38% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has climbed 6.28% and is up 94.10% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Pakistan. Pakistan Stock Market (KSE100) - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on September of 2025.

The India Home Loan Market is segmented By Customer Type (Salaried, Self-Employed), By Source (Bank and Housing Finance Companies), By Interest Rate (Fixed Rate and Floating Rate), and By Tenure (up to 5 Years, 6 - 10 Years, 11 - 24 Years, and 25 - 30 Years). The report offers market size and forecasts in value (USD) for all the above segments.

Snapshot img

US Fast Casual Restaurants Market Size 2025-2029

The US fast casual restaurants market size is valued to increase USD 84.5 billion, at a CAGR of 13.7% from 2024 to 2029. Demand for innovation and customization in food menus will drive the US fast casual restaurants market.

Major Market Trends & Insights

By Channel - Dine-in segment was valued at USD 48.90 billion in 2022
By Application - Franchised segment accounted for the largest market revenue share in 2022

Market Size & Forecast

Market Opportunities: USD 148.40 billion
Market Future Opportunities: USD 84.50 billion
CAGR from 2024 to 2029 : 13.7%

Market Summary

The Fast Casual Restaurants Market in the US continues to expand, driven by consumer preferences for fresh, customizable meal options. According to recent data, the market is projected to reach a value of USD115.5 billion by 2026, growing at a steady pace. This growth is fueled by the demand for innovation and personalization in food menus, with fast casual restaurants offering a middle ground between the limited offerings of quick-service establishments and the higher prices and longer wait times of full-service restaurants. In response to this trend, fast casual chains have been increasingly focusing on digitalization, streamlining ordering processes and enhancing the customer experience through mobile apps and contactless payment options.
However, this market segment faces intense competition from quick-service restaurants, which have also been adopting similar strategies to cater to evolving consumer preferences. As a result, fast casual restaurants must continue to differentiate themselves through unique menu offerings, efficient operations, and exceptional customer service to maintain their market share. Despite these challenges, the future of the fast casual market in the US remains promising, with opportunities for growth in both urban and suburban areas and the potential to expand beyond traditional brick-and-mortar locations through delivery and catering services.

What will be the Size of the US Fast Casual Restaurants Market during the forecast period?

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How is the Fast Casual Restaurants in US Market Segmented and what are the key trends of market segmentation?

The fast casual restaurants in US industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Channel

  Dine-in
  Takeaway


Application

  Franchised
  Standalone


Food Type

  Burger/Sandwich
  Pizza/Pasta
  Asian
  Latin American
  Chicken
  Others


Target Audience

  Millennials
  Working Professionals
  Families


Distribution Channel Specificity

  Specialty Chains
  Online Platforms
  Retail Foodservice


Geography

  North America

    US

By Channel Insights

The dine-in segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

Fast casual restaurants in the US, a hybrid of fast food and casual dining, have been continuously evolving since their inception, offering better quality meals with less frozen or processed ingredients. Operational efficiency improvements, such as revenue management techniques and table management systems, have been key to their success. Cost control strategies, including digital menu boards, inventory management software, and marketing automation tools, help maintain profitability. Third-party delivery services and brand positioning strategies cater to the growing demand for convenience. Sustainability initiatives, like food waste reduction and customer loyalty programs, enhance the dining experience and foster long-term relationships.

Kitchen display systems, food safety management, energy efficiency measures, and wait time optimization ensure consistent quality and customer satisfaction. Sales forecasting models, employee retention strategies, labor scheduling software, and restaurant management systems facilitate efficient operations. Data analytics dashboards, social media marketing, online reputation management, and order fulfillment process enhance customer engagement. Peak hour management, online ordering platforms, guest feedback systems, and customer experience metrics provide valuable insights for continuous improvement. Supply chain optimization and employee training programs ensure consistency and quality in menu offerings. According to a recent report, fast casual restaurants account for over 5% of total US foodservice sales.

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The Dine-in segment was valued at USD 48.90 billion in 2019 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

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Market Dynamics

Our researchers analyzed the data with 2024 as the base year, along with the key drivers, trends, and