This file contains the protein-protein interaction analysis dataset that was used in the unpublished manuscript and was further analyzed with the STRING online software.Significantly upregulated mRNAs (2,777 genes; p < 0.05) identified by bulk RNA-seq were analyzed using the STRING module in Cytoscape v.2.2.0 (Institute for System Biology; WA; USA). A cluster network was constructed using the MCL algorithm with a granularity parameter of 4, followed by filtering nodes with mcl.cluster > 10. The resulting 1,848 nodes were processed through STRING v12.0 (Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics; Lausanne; Switzerland) to generate a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, incorporating evidence from text mining, genomic neighborhood, experimental data, curated databases, co-expression, gene fusion, and co-occurrence, with a minimum confidence score threshold of 0.40. Network modules were defined using the DBSCAN clustering algorithm with an ε parameter of 2. Cluster 1, representing the largest gene set (101 genes), was further analyzed by sorting the top 20 nodes with the highest node degree, resulting in a network comprising 101 nodes and 756 edges. Global network metrics indicated an average node degree of 15, a local clustering coefficient of 0.600, and a PPI enrichment p-value of < 1 × 10⁻¹⁶. The average values of coexpression, experimentally determined interactions, automated text mining, and combined scores were calculated.

Supporting Information for the paper entitled Cytoscape stringApp: Network analysis and visualization of proteomics data (preprint available at bioRxiv). The Cytoscape session contains networks generated with the stringApp for the analysis of a phosphoproteomics dataset of ovarian cancer by Francavilla et al. (Cell Rep. 2017).

Protein networks have become a popular tool for analyzing and visualizing the often long lists of proteins or genes obtained from proteomics and other high-throughput technologies. One of the most popular sources of such networks is the STRING database, which provides protein networks for more than 2000 organisms, including both physical interactions from experimental data and functional associations from curated pathways, automatic text mining, and prediction methods. However, its web interface is mainly intended for inspection of small networks and their underlying evidence. The Cytoscape software, on the other hand, is much better suited for working with large networks and offers greater flexibility in terms of network analysis, import, and visualization of additional data. To include both resources in the same workflow, we created stringApp, a Cytoscape app that makes it easy to import STRING networks into Cytoscape, retains the appearance and many of the features of STRING, and integrates data from associated databases. Here, we introduce many of the stringApp features and show how they can be used to carry out complex network analysis and visualization tasks on a typical proteomics data set, all through the Cytoscape user interface. stringApp is freely available from the Cytoscape app store: http://apps.cytoscape.org/apps/stringapp.

Market Overview: The global string (music) market is projected to reach a value of XXX million by 2033, expanding at a CAGR of XX% over the forecast period of 2025-2033. String instruments, such as guitars, pianos, cellos, and violins, continue to be popular musical choices, driving market growth. Key drivers include rising interest in music education, increasing disposable income in developing regions, and the emergence of online music platforms. Additionally, advancements in string materials, such as synthetic strings with improved durability and sound quality, are also contributing to market growth. Segments and Regional Analysis: The market is segmented by application into guitar, piano, cello, violin, and others. The guitar segment holds the largest market share due to its popularity as a musical instrument worldwide. By type, gut strings, steel strings, and synthetic strings dominate the market. Synthetic strings have gained traction in recent years as they offer superior durability and intonation stability. Regionally, North America and Europe hold significant market shares due to the established musical traditions and high disposable income in these regions. However, Asia Pacific is expected to witness robust growth in the coming years, driven by increasing music education and the growing middle class in countries such as China and India.

The global musical instrument strings market is projected to reach USD XXX million by 2033, growing at a CAGR of XX% from 2025 to 2033. Growth is attributed to increasing participation in music education, growing disposable income, and the rising popularity of live music performances. Additionally, technological advancements, such as the development of synthetic strings with improved sound quality and durability, are driving market growth. The market is segmented by application into professionals and amateurs. The professional segment is expected to hold the larger share due to the high demand for high-quality strings from musicians. By type, the violin string segment is anticipated to dominate the market, driven by the popularity of the violin as a classical music instrument. The guitar string segment is also expected to witness significant growth due to the increasing popularity of guitars in various music genres. Geographically, North America is projected to hold the largest market share, followed by Europe and Asia Pacific. The presence of a large number of music schools and professional musicians in these regions contributes to market growth.

The global string cheese market is on a constant growth trajectory on account of the increasing demand for easy and healthy snack items. By 2025, the total market value is expected to hit the USD 4.3 billion mark, which is associated with a forecasted CAGR of 5.8% from 2025 to 2035.

Company Performance

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Landing String Equipment Market Size 2024-2028

The landing string equipment market size is forecast to increase by USD 424.91 million at a CAGR of 7.06% between 2023 and 2028.

The market is experiencing significant growth, driven primarily by the increasing deep-water and ultra-deepwater Exploration and Production (E and P) activities. The demand for landing string equipment is surging due to the complexities involved in drilling and completing wells in deeper waters. Moreover, advancements in landing string control systems are enhancing operational efficiency and safety, making them an indispensable component of offshore drilling operations. Another key trend shaping the market is the rise of renewable energy. As the world shifts towards sustainable energy sources, the demand for equipment used in offshore wind energy projects is expected to increase. Landing strings, which are essential components of wind turbine foundations, are expected to see significant demand in this sector. However, the market is not without challenges. The high capital investment required for the development and deployment of landing string technology, coupled with the volatile nature of oil prices, poses a significant challenge to market growth. Companies seeking to capitalize on the opportunities in this market must focus on cost reduction strategies, technological innovation, and strategic partnerships to navigate these challenges effectively.

What will be the Size of the Landing String Equipment Market during the forecast period?

Request Free SampleThe market in the US exhibits growth, driven by the increasing demand for crude oil and natural gas, particularly from shale formations and deepwater reserves. This market encompasses drill and completion strings, subsea wellheads, and related equipment used in deepwater drilling, subsea processing, and well intervention activities. Key factors fueling growth include the expansion of shale gas production in the US, the ongoing development of shallow and ultradeep water resources, and the rising consumption of crude oil and fuel demand. Additionally, the market is influenced by trends such as the construction and maintenance of offshore rigs, the increasing use of floating vessels for drilling in challenging environments, and the growing adoption of renewable resources for energy production. Despite these opportunities, market growth may be hindered by adverse weather conditions and limited deck space on offshore rigs. Overall, the market is poised for continued expansion, driven by the dynamic interplay of oil demand, drilling activities, and technological innovation.

How is this Landing String Equipment Industry segmented?

The landing string equipment industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments. TypeEquipmentServicesEnd-userDeepwaterUltra-deepwaterShallow waterGeographyAPACChinaMiddle East and AfricaEuropeGermanyUKNorth AmericaUSSouth America

By Type Insights

The equipment segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.The market encompasses various tools utilized in the construction and maintenance of landing strings, a crucial component in oil and gas industry well-completion and production processes. Landing strings, also known as completion strings, facilitate the transfer of fluids between the wellbore and the surface. Two essential components of landing strings are Tubing Hangers and Tubing Head Adapters. Tubing Hangers serve to seal off the wellhead from the tubing string, enabling the production or injection of fluids. They regulate flow through the wellbore and support the tubing string. Tubing Head Adapters facilitate the installation and removal of the landing string by joining the tubing hangers to the wellhead. Factors influencing the market include elevator capacity requirements, adverse weather conditions, oil demand, and drilling activities in deepwater, deepwater drilling, and offshore rigs. The equipment segment includes drill pipes, completion strings, and other tools used in subsea processing and well intervention. In offshore drilling projects, floating vessels are employed in UltraDeep Water drilling, while oil consumption and fuel demand are essential considerations. The market is driven by the need for efficient and reliable landing string equipment in various applications, including subsea wells and offshore oil rigs.

Get a glance at the market report of share of various segments Request Free Sample

The Equipment segment was valued at USD 473.72 million in 2018 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

Regional Analysis

APAC is estimated to contribute 41% to the growth of the global market during the forecast period.Technavio’s analy

Guitar String Sets Market Analysis The global guitar string sets market is projected to reach a valuation of USD XXX million by 2033, expanding at a CAGR of XX% from 2025 to 2033. The market growth is attributed to the increasing popularity of guitar playing, the rise of e-commerce platforms, and the introduction of innovative string materials. Furthermore, the growing demand for high-quality strings from professional musicians and guitar enthusiasts is expected to drive the market's expansion. Key industry players in the guitar string sets market include D'Addario, Ernie Ball, Martin, Fender, Gibson, GHS, Elixir, Rotosound, DR Strings, Dean Markley, Everly, Augustine, and Dunlop. The market is segmented based on application (electric guitar string sets and acoustic guitar string sets), type (light, medium, heavy, and others), and region. North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East & Africa, and South America are the key geographic regions analyzed in this report. The study encompasses market drivers, trends, restraints, and competitive landscape to provide a comprehensive overview of the industry.

The global violin steel wire string market is projected to reach USD 555.9 million by 2033, exhibiting a CAGR of 4.5% during the forecast period. The market growth is attributed to the increasing participation in music education and the rising popularity of violin playing as a hobby and profession. The growing demand for high-quality and durable strings from musicians and performers is also driving the market expansion. Furthermore, the growing popularity of online music marketplaces and the increasing number of violinists worldwide are expected to contribute to the market's growth. Key market trends include the rising adoption of synthetic and hybrid strings, which offer greater durability, longevity, and cost-effectiveness compared to traditional gut strings. The increasing use of advanced manufacturing techniques to produce strings with improved tone quality, intonation, and response is another notable trend. Additionally, the growing awareness of sustainable practices in the music industry is leading to the development of environmentally friendly strings made from recycled materials. The market is highly competitive, with leading players such as Pirastro, Thomastik-Infeld, D'Addario, Savarez, and Warchal holding significant market shares.

Market Analysis for High Elasticity Badminton String The global market for high elasticity badminton string is valued at million and is projected to grow at a CAGR of % during the forecast period of 2025-2033. The market is driven by the increasing popularity of badminton as a recreational and competitive sport, as well as the rising demand for high-performance string materials that provide enhanced power, control, and durability. Online sales and offline sales are two key segments in the market, with online sales gaining traction due to the convenience and wider product selection it offers. Key players in the market include Apacs Sports, Yonex, Lining, Gosen, and others. The North American region holds a significant market share due to the strong presence of the sport and the availability of well-established manufacturers. Asia Pacific is expected to witness the fastest growth during the forecast period, attributed to the region's large badminton playing population and increasing disposable income levels. Technological advancements, such as the introduction of new materials and innovative string construction techniques, are key trends shaping the market. Restraints include the higher cost of high elasticity badminton string compared to traditional string options and the potential for injury if not used properly.

STRING protein interactions and enrichment analysis of 8 target proteins within previously studied neurodegenerative network (Relates to Fig 4b). (XLSX)

Global String Wound Filter Materials Market size will exceed a valuation of USD 1.94 billion by 2032, to grow at a CAGR of 4.3% during the forecast period.

The global guitar string sets market is a vibrant and growing sector, projected to reach a market size of $500 million in 2025, exhibiting a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 5% from 2025 to 2033. This growth is driven by several key factors, including the enduring popularity of guitar playing across diverse age groups and musical genres, the increasing penetration of online music education platforms fostering a new generation of guitarists, and the continuous innovation in string materials and manufacturing techniques leading to improved sound quality, durability, and playing experience. The market is segmented by string type (light, medium, heavy, others) and application (electric and acoustic guitar string sets). Electric guitar string sets currently hold a larger market share due to the popularity of electric guitars in various musical styles, but the acoustic guitar string set segment is expected to witness significant growth driven by the resurgence of folk and acoustic music. Competition is fierce, with major players like D'Addario, Ernie Ball, Martin, Fender, and Gibson dominating the market. However, smaller niche players are also gaining traction through specialized offerings and direct-to-consumer marketing strategies. Regional variations exist, with North America and Europe currently leading the market, followed by Asia Pacific which is predicted to demonstrate considerable growth potential fueled by a rising middle class and increasing disposable income. The restraining factors include the fluctuations in raw material prices, particularly metals used in manufacturing, and the potential impact of economic downturns on discretionary spending for musical instruments and accessories. Nevertheless, the overall market outlook for guitar string sets remains positive, indicating sustained growth driven by the enduring appeal of guitar playing and a steady stream of innovation within the industry. The rising popularity of online music tutorials and the expanding global reach of musical communities through social media are expected to contribute significantly to the consistent demand for high-quality guitar strings in the coming years. The continued development of innovative materials, such as coated strings designed for extended lifespan and improved tone, will further stimulate market growth.

Market Overview: The global Electric Adjustable Steering market is estimated to be valued at XXX million in 2023 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of XX% during the forecast period from 2023 to 2033. The increasing demand for advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and autonomous driving technologies, coupled with stringent government regulations on vehicle safety, is driving the growth of the market. Electric adjustable steering systems provide enhanced stability and control, reducing the risk of accidents and improving the driving experience. Market Drivers and Trends: Key market drivers include the rising adoption of electric vehicles, the proliferation of connected and autonomous vehicles, and the growing awareness of driver safety. The trend towards personalized driving experiences is also fueling the demand for electric adjustable steering systems, which allow drivers to tailor their steering response to their individual preferences. Additionally, the integration of advanced sensors and actuators is enabling the development of more sophisticated steering systems that can adapt to changing road conditions and driver inputs, further enhancing safety and driving comfort. This comprehensive report provides an in-depth analysis of the global electric adjustable string market, valued at approximately 100 million units in 2022.

The global landing string equipment market is projected to grow at a CAGR of almost 7.00% over the forecast period of 2025-2034.

Cumulative malaria parasite exposure in endemic regions often results in the acquisition of partial immunity and asymptomatic infections. There is limited information on how host-parasite interactions mediate maintenance of chronic symptomless infections that sustain malaria transmission. Here, we have determined the gene expression profiles of the parasite population and the corresponding host peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 21 children (<15 years). We compared children who were defined as uninfected, asymptomatic and those with febrile malaria. Children with asymptomatic infections had a parasite transcriptional profile characterized by a bias toward trophozoite stage (~12 hours-post invasion) parasites and low parasite levels, while earlier ring stage parasites were characteristic of febrile malaria. The host response of asymptomatic children was characterized by downregulated transcription of genes associated with inflammatory responses, compared to children with ..., Proteins were extracted from PBMCs by resuspending the pellet with 5µl of 6M UREA (Thermo scientific). The protein samples were then adjusted with 50mM Triethylamonium bicarbonate (TEAB, Sigma-Aldrich) to 100µl and the protein concentration determined using the Bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay (Thermo scientific). The protein samples were then reduced with 40mM dithiothretol, alkylated with 80mM iodoacetamide in the dark, and quenched with 80mM iodoacetamide at room temperature, followed by digestion with1µg/µl of trypsin (57). Nine pools, each containing 9 samples and 1 control for batch correction, were prepared by combining 1µl aliquots from each sample. The samples were pooled using a custom randomization R script. The pooled samples were then individually labelled using the Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) 10-plex kit (Thermo Scientific) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. One isobaric tag was used solely for the pooled samples and combined with peptides samples labelled with ..., The files can be opened using MaxQuant software, specifically version 2.0.3.0 was used for analysis. Differential protein abundance analysis of MaxQuant output was done using PERSEUS version 2.05.0 software. Protein-protein interaction and Gene ontology analyses was perforened using STRING database version 11.5 (https://string-db.org/)., # Proteome of peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from asymptomatic malaria and uninfected individuals and the ensuing febrile malaria episodes

Proteins were extracted from peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs), pooled using Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) (10-plex) and injected into the LC-MS/MS for proteomics analysis. The output raw files were loaded into MaxQuant software v2.0.3.0 for protein quantification. The output from MaxQuant was then read using PERSEUS software v2.05.0 and differential protein abundance analysis performed. The Proteomics_metadata file contains the metadata that links each sample to the raw data files and the treatment group (condition).

Description of the data and file structure

The RAW data files provided contains the output data from the LC-MS/MS per each pool. The pools serve as the input data for MaxQuant software.

The Proteomics_metadata contains the metadata information that links each sample to the condition/treatment group (i.e. asymptomatic, uninfecte...

The global violin strings market, valued at $84.8 million in 2025, is projected to experience steady growth, exhibiting a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 3.4% from 2025 to 2033. This growth is fueled by several key factors. The increasing popularity of classical music and string instruments, particularly among younger demographics, is driving demand for high-quality violin strings. Furthermore, advancements in materials science are leading to the development of innovative string types offering improved tone, durability, and playability, catering to both professional and amateur musicians. The market segmentation reveals a diverse landscape, with professional performance applications holding a significant share, followed by learning and training, and individual amateurs. In terms of string types, gut strings, while traditionally favored, face competition from steel and synthetic strings, which offer a broader range of tonal characteristics and price points. Geographic distribution shows strong markets in North America and Europe, with substantial growth potential in Asia-Pacific driven by rising disposable incomes and increasing participation in musical education. The competitive landscape is fragmented, with established players like D'Addario, Thomastik-Infeld, and Pirastro competing alongside smaller, specialized manufacturers. The market is likely to witness further consolidation and innovation in the coming years as manufacturers strive to meet evolving musician preferences and technological advancements. The projected growth trajectory suggests a market size exceeding $115 million by 2033. This projection considers the sustained interest in string instruments, ongoing technological improvements, and the expansion of the market into emerging economies. While economic downturns or shifts in musical trends could pose challenges, the inherent enduring appeal of classical music and the constant need for replacement strings within the violinist community support a relatively stable growth outlook. The diverse range of string types and applications ensures market resilience even amidst evolving consumer preferences. Further growth will likely be spurred by successful marketing campaigns targeting new audiences and the development of sustainable and eco-friendly string materials.

North America Plucked String Instruments Market size will be USD XX million in 2024 and will expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.2 % from 2024 to 2031.

The first and the only pre-alignment filtering algorithm that works efficiently and fast on modern CPU, FPGA, and GPU architectures. SneakySnake greatly (by more than two orders of magnitude) expedites sequence alignment calculation for both short (Illumina) and long (ONT and PacBio) reads.

Asia Pacific Plucked String Instruments Market size will be USD XX million in 2024 and will expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 10 % from 2024 to 2031.