Context

During COVID-19, different countries have put containment measures that include lockdowns and restrictive movement. Oxford University has done a research and created a numerical index which statistically measures the intensity of a restrictive measure.

Content

This is a time-series data of different countries representing measure of stringency on each day for the period of Jan-April 2020.

Acknowledgements

This dataset is a part of Oxford University research.

Inspiration

This data was used in the understanding of effect of countermeasures against the spread of COVID-19.

After the global COVID-19 outbreak, the University of Oxford set up a Government Response Tracker, which analyzes the stringency to which governments around the world have responded to the sanitary crisis. According to the index, the French Government was easy on policies at the beginning of the year 2020, reaching a high value starting in March, just as the lockdown measures were implemented. The index value decreased in June before reaching a second high in *************. Vaccination programs were implemented from *************, and the French government introduced separate restrictions for vaccinated and non-vaccinated persons from *********. These separate restrictions stayed in place for just over ********, until ***********.

Covid stringency index in France, December, 2022 The most recent value is 11 index as of December 2022, no change compared to the previous value of 11 index. Historically, the average for France from February 2020 to December 2022 is 43 index. The minimum of 8 index was recorded in February 2020, while the maximum of 88 index was reached in April 2020. | TheGlobalEconomy.com

In June 2021, the COVID-19 stringency score in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries were similar, at about **** in Saudi Arabia, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, and Oman. The first recorded COVID-19 case in the UAE was in January 29, 2020.

The Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT) systematically collects information on several different common policy responses that governments have taken to respond to the pandemic on 18 indicators such as school closures and travel restrictions. It now has data from more than 180 countries. The data is also used to inform a Risk of Openness Index which aims to help countries understand if it is safe to ‘open up’ or whether they should ‘close down’ in their fight to tackle the coronavirus.

Covid stringency index in India, December, 2022 The most recent value is 29 index as of December 2022, a decline compared to the previous value of 31 index. Historically, the average for India from February 2020 to December 2022 is 59 index. The minimum of 10 index was recorded in February 2020, while the maximum of 99 index was reached in April 2020. | TheGlobalEconomy.com

Context

COVID-19 The Government Response Stringency Index

The Government Response Stringency Index is a composite measure based on nine response indicators including school closures, workplace closures, and travel bans, rescaled to a value from 0 to 100 (100 = strictest response).

Content

OxCGRT collects publicly available information on indicators of government response. These indicators take policies such as school closures, travel bans, etc. and record them on an ordinal scale; the remainder are financial indicators such as fiscal or monetary measures.

OxCGRT measures the variation in governments’ responses using its 'COVID-19 Government Response Stringency Index (Stringency Index)'. This composite measure is a simple additive score of nine indicators measured on an ordinal scale, rescaled to vary from 0 to 100. Please note that this measure is for comparative purposes only, and should not necessarily be interpreted as a rating of the appropriateness or effectiveness of a country's response.

Acknowledgements

Data published by Thomas Hale, Sam Webster, Anna Petherick, Toby Phillips, and Beatriz Kira (2020). Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker, Blavatnik School of Government. https://www.bsg.ox.ac.uk/research/research-projects/oxford-covid-19-government-response-tracker

Photo by Étienne Godiard on Unsplash

Inspiration

BCG - COVID-19 AI Challenge Improve BCG Data and Provide Insights to "BCG - COVID-19" Clinical Trials

The Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT) aims to track and compare government responses to the coronavirus outbreak worldwide rigorously and consistently. This is done through collecting data on multiple policy indicators and scoring the stringency of such measures,. The policy indicators can be broadly categorized into: containment and closure policies, economic policies, health system policies, vaccination policies, and miscellaneous policies.

United States Environmental Policy Stringency Index: Technology Support Policies data was reported at 2.000 NA in 2020. This stayed constant from the previous number of 2.000 NA for 2019. United States Environmental Policy Stringency Index: Technology Support Policies data is updated yearly, averaging 1.500 NA from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2020, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.000 NA in 2009 and a record low of 1.000 NA in 2005. United States Environmental Policy Stringency Index: Technology Support Policies data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Environmental Policy Stringency Index: OECD Member: Annual.

Dataset

This dataset was created by valcho valev

Contents

United States Environmental Policy Stringency Index data was reported at 3.028 NA in 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.917 NA for 2019. United States Environmental Policy Stringency Index data is updated yearly, averaging 1.250 NA from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2020, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.028 NA in 2020 and a record low of 0.833 NA in 1991. United States Environmental Policy Stringency Index data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Environmental Policy Stringency Index: OECD Member: Annual.

This paper presents a novel dataset of non-pharmaceutical interventions adopted by Italian authorities to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic at the national and local levels. The dataset follows the structure of the Oxford Coronavirus Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT; Hale et al. in Nat Human Behav 5:529–538, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-021-01079-8, 2021)). We include several novelties with respect to the original source. First, we tailor the classification of provisions to the measures adopted in Italy. Second, we collect detailed information on local restrictions in the country, including lockdowns and school closures. Third, we apply a bottom-up approach to construct population-weighted average stringency indexes (Italian Stringency Indexes, ItSIs) at the provincial, regional, and country-wide levels. While expanding the geographical coverage of the stringency indicators, we preserve the comparability of the ItSIs with the original stringency index published in the OxCGRT. As an application, we show that the correlations of our ItSI with community mobility indicators and various measures of economic activity are higher than those obtained with the OxCGRT indicator.

Covid stringency index in Greece, December, 2022 The most recent value is 14 index as of December 2022, a decline compared to the previous value of 15 index. Historically, the average for Greece from February 2020 to December 2022 is 55 index. The minimum of 2 index was recorded in February 2020, while the maximum of 88 index was reached in March 2021. | TheGlobalEconomy.com

India Environmental Policy Stringency Index data was reported at 2.833 NA in 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.694 NA for 2019. India Environmental Policy Stringency Index data is updated yearly, averaging 1.500 NA from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2020, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.833 NA in 2020 and a record low of 0.639 NA in 1991. India Environmental Policy Stringency Index data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Environmental Policy Stringency Index: Non OECD Member: Annual.

Covid stringency index in Slovakia, December, 2022 The most recent value is 11 index as of December 2022, no change compared to the previous value of 11 index. Historically, the average for Slovakia from February 2020 to December 2022 is 40 index. The minimum of 3 index was recorded in February 2020, while the maximum of 77 index was reached in April 2020. | TheGlobalEconomy.com

Covid stringency index in Taiwan, December, 2022 The most recent value is 18 index as of December 2022, a decline compared to the previous value of 21 index. Historically, the average for Taiwan from February 2020 to December 2022 is 30 index. The minimum of 18 index was recorded in December 2022, while the maximum of 71 index was reached in June 2021. | TheGlobalEconomy.com

Austria Environmental Policy Stringency Index data was reported at 3.306 NA in 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 3.139 NA for 2019. Austria Environmental Policy Stringency Index data is updated yearly, averaging 2.250 NA from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2020, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.306 NA in 2020 and a record low of 1.389 NA in 1994. Austria Environmental Policy Stringency Index data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Austria – Table AT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Environmental Policy Stringency Index: OECD Member: Annual.

Mexico Environmental Policy Stringency Index data was reported at 1.583 NA in 2020. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1.583 NA for 2019. Mexico Environmental Policy Stringency Index data is updated yearly, averaging 0.806 NA from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2020, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.583 NA in 2020 and a record low of 0.000 NA in 1991. Mexico Environmental Policy Stringency Index data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Environmental Policy Stringency Index: OECD Member: Annual.

In a bid to curb the spread of COVID-19 in 2020, several countries implemented lockdown procedures to varying degrees. This article sought to examine the extent to which country-level strictness, as measured by the Government Response Stringency Index (2020), moderated the relationship between certain cultural dimensions and estimates of national innovation. Data on 84 countries were collated for Hofstede’s cultural dimensions (2015), and from the Global Innovation Index (2020). Owing to the robust relationships between innovation and the dimensions of uncertainty avoidance, power distance, and individualism, these were used in moderation analyses. In general, power distance was inversely related to innovation, whereas individualism was directly related to it. Results indicated that collectivist and high power distance countries showed lower innovation, irrespective of levels of government stringency as a response to COVID-19. On the other hand, among individualistic and low power distance countries, lower innovation was associated with increased stringency (e.g., blanket restrictions on movement). Higher innovation was observed when such countries had a less severe government response. The dimension of uncertainty avoidance was not significantly associated with innovation at the country level. The implications of lockdowns on general innovation, its inputs, and outputs are discussed in the context of cultural dimensions and country-level policies.

New Zealand Environmental Policy Stringency Index: Technology Support Policies data was reported at 0.500 NA in 2020. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.500 NA for 2019. New Zealand Environmental Policy Stringency Index: Technology Support Policies data is updated yearly, averaging 0.500 NA from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2020, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.000 NA in 2009 and a record low of 0.500 NA in 2020. New Zealand Environmental Policy Stringency Index: Technology Support Policies data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s New Zealand – Table NZ.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Environmental Policy Stringency Index: OECD Member: Annual.