The property subsidence assessment dataset provides an understanding of the shrink-swell hazard at both the individual property and/or postcode level for England and Wales. It builds upon the BGS GeoSure shrink-swell data by mapping the hazard to the individual building polygon and considering the other susceptibility factors of building type, foundation depth, and drainage and tree proximity. The data consist of GIS building polygons with an overall susceptibility to subsidence score between 1-100. Scores are also classified from non-plastic to very high. Each building polygon is also scored from 1-10 for each subsidence factor (geology, foundation, drainage, building type, building storey and tree proximity). Postcode data is also available as a table showing the ‘average’ PSA score for all buildings within the postcode. The identification of shrink-swell related subsidence prone areas, alongside the inclusion of potential sources to exacerbate these phenomena, can better inform insurers and homeowners and form the basis to make decisions concerning prevention and remediation. The product enhances geological information obtained from GIP (BGS GeoSure Insurance Product) and GeoSure via the inclusion of the crucial shrink-swell susceptibility factors (proximity to trees and foundation depth). This therefore allows the derivation of a risk element for the housing stock at Building level, which is then generalised to Postcode level. BGS GeoSure - a series of GIS digital maps identifying areas of potential natural ground movement hazard in Great Britain

This file contains 1424 household responses to two scales. First, the demographic scale results for the Solotvyno household survey. The demographic household survey contained the following variables:1) Age; 2)Sex; 3) Family type; 4) Religion; 5) Ethnic Origin; 6) Education; 7) Housing; 8) Annual income (in USD); 9) Years of stay; 10) Housing Type; 11) Living Situation and 12) disability.

Second, the results from the Solotvyno Municipality Land Subsidence scale. The first land subsidence risk evaluation sub-scale seeks to answer the following two questions:1) Do you have the following ready in case the land subsides? Please check to each item either 'yes','unsure' or 'no.' and 2) Please rate the difficulty of preparing for each item, by your household, on a five-point scale ranging from 'not difficult at all' to 'extremely difficult.' The second land subsidence sub-scale seeks to answer the following two questions: 1) Please indicate the extent of disaster risk preparedness by your household to each item, by checking either 'yes', 'unsure' or 'no.' 2) Please rate the difficulty of preparing for each item, by your household, on a five-point scale ranging from 'not difficult at all' to 'extremely difficult.'

Vertical land motion (VLM), angular distortion, and building risks for 28 urban cities in the United States. The file also contains supplementary tables 1 to 8.Abstract: Land subsidence is a slow-moving hazard with adverse environmental and socioeconomic consequences worldwide. However, spatially dense subsidence rates to capture granular variations at high spatial density are often lacking, hindering assessment of associated infrastructure risk. We use space geodetic measurements from 2015 to 2021 to create high resolution maps of subsidence rates for 28 most populous US cities. We estimate that at least 20% of the urban area is sinking in all cities, mainly due to groundwater extraction, affecting ~34 million people. Additionally, more than 29,000 buildings are located in high and very high damage risk areas, indicating a greater likelihood of infrastructure damage. These datasets and information are crucial for developing ad hoc policies to adapt urban centers to these complex environmental challenges.

The BGS Property Subsidence Assessment (PSA) dataset provides insurers and homeowners access to a better understanding of the shrink-swell hazard at both the individual property and/or postcode level for England and Wales. It builds upon the GeoSure shrink-swell data by mapping the hazard to the individual building polygon and considering the other susceptibility factors of building type, foundation depth, and drainage and tree proximity. The user receives GIS building polygons with an overall susceptibility to subsidence score between 1-100. Scores are also classified from non-plastic to very high. Each building polygon is also scored from 1-10 for each subsidence factor (geology, foundation, drainage, building type, building storey and tree proximity). Postcode data is also available as a table showing the ‘average’ PSA score for all buildings within the postcode. The identification of shrink-swell related subsidence prone areas, alongside the inclusion of potential sources to exacerbate this phenomena, can better inform insurers and homeowners and form the basis to make decisions concerning prevention and remediation. The product enhances geological information obtained from GIP and GeoSure via the inclusion of the crucial shrink-swell susceptibility factors (proximity to trees and foundation depth). This therefore allows the derivation of a risk element for the housing stock at Building level, which is then generalised to Postcode level.

This dataset represents measurements of vertical ground surface displacement in more than 200 of the high-use and populated groundwater basins across the State of California between January of 2015 and April of 2022. Vertical displacement estimates are derived from Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data that are collected by the European Space Agency (ESA) Sentinel-1A satellite and processed by TRE ALTAMIRA Inc. (TRE), under contract with the California Department of Water Resources (DWR) as part of DWR’s SGMA technical assistance to provide important SGMA-relevant data to GSAs for GSP development and implementation. Sentinel-1A InSAR data coverage began in late 2014 for parts of California, and coverage for the entire study area began in June 13, 2015. Included in this dataset are point data that represent average vertical displacement values for 100 meter by 100 meter areas, as well as GIS rasters that were interpolated from the point data; rasters for total vertical displacement relative to June 13, 2015, and rasters for annual vertical displacement rates with earlier coverage for some areas, both in monthly time steps. Towill Inc. (Towill), also under contract with DWR as part of DWR’s SGMA technical assistance, conducted an independent study comparing the InSAR-based vertical displacement point time series data to data from Continuous Global Positioning System (CGPS) stations. The goal of this study was to ground-truth the InSAR results to best available independent data. Data update frequency: Quarterly Report update frequency: Annual

Borehole extensometers are a more site specific method of measuring land subsidence. These instruments consist of a pipe or cable anchored at the bottom of a well casing. Pipe or cable extend from the bottom of the well, through geologic layers susceptible to compaction, to the ground surface. The pipe or cable is connected to a recorder that measures the relative distance between the bottom of the bore hole to the ground surface. These instruments are capable of detecting changes in land surface elevation to 1/100th of a foot. When land subsidence and water depth monitoring activities are paired together, hydraulic and mechanical properties of the aquifer system can be determined. DWR monitors 11 extensometers in the Sacramento Valley.

For more information regarding land subsidence monitoring vist: http://www.water.ca.gov/groundwater/landsubsidence/LSmonitoring.cfm

Waikato District Council - Proposed District Plan (Stage 2 Natural Hazards), Notified 27 July 2020. This layer is a spatial representation of an overlay in the Proposed District Plan and indicates where land use will be regulated by various associated rules. It will be used as a guide in the regulatory process of implementing the Proposed District Plan and managing land use, subdivision, the environment and economy. This dataset is subject to changes undertaken through the Resource Management act. Note individual Proposed Plan rules can have different statuses, some may have current legal effect and others will not until the Proposed Plan becomes operative. This data is provided for use in the District Plan only. The Mine Subsidence Risk Area identifies land in Huntly East that is currently at risk of subsidence due to historic underground coal mining activities and the subsequent closure and refilling of the Huntly East underground mine. An assessment has been carried out to confirm the likelihood of ongoing mine subsidence and methane gas migration from mine workings to the ground surface above the Huntly East mine and the South Headings as a result of the closure of the Huntly East Mine and subsequent flooding of the underground mine workings (see Appendix 5(c) of Section 32 report Natural Hazards and Climate Change). This belongs to the series of data relating to Natural Hazards which includes the following groups - coastal erosion, coastal inundation, inland flooding, and land subsidence. This layer belongs to the land subsidence group (this is the only layer in this group).

This dataset has been superseded by https://data.cnra.ca.gov/dataset/tre-altamira-insar-subsidence This dataset represents measurements of vertical ground surface displacement in Bulletin 118 groundwater basins between spring of 2015 and summer of 2017. Image resolution is 0.0008333 degrees, or approximately 92 meters in north-south direction, and 70-77 meters in east-west direction (low end of range applies to northern latitudes and higher end of range applies to lower latitudes). Vertical ground surface displacement rates are derived from Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data that are collected by the European Space Agency (ESA) Sentinel-1A satellite and processed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), under contract with to the California Department of Water Resources (DWR). JPL presented preliminary processing results in the Progress Report: Subsidence in California, March 2015 – September 2016, and submitted a later version of the processing results that are still preliminary to the California Department of Water Resources (DWR). These files provided by JPL to DWR are multiband floating point GeoTIFFs with each band representing a date. GeoTIFF pixel values are in inches equal to the cumulative vertical displacement from the first date. JPL processed Sentinel-1A InSAR data separately for three different geographic regions; The Sacramento Valley, the San Joaquin Valley, and the South Central Coast. DWR temporarily interpolated the JPL data to end-of-month values, merged the resulting rasters from all three regions into a single raster for each month, and clipped all rasters to Bulletin 118 groundwater basins. DWR derived rasters for total vertical displacement relative to May 31, 2015, as well as rasters for annual vertical displacement rates, both in monthly time steps. Data are considered public _domain. DWR makes no warranties or guarantees — either expressed or implied — as to the completeness, accuracy, or correctness of the data. DWR neither accepts nor assumes liability arising from or for any incorrect, incomplete, or misleading subject data. This is an official DWR Image Service, published on 2/9/2018 by Ben Brezing of the DWR Division of Statewide Integrated Water Management, who may be contacted at Benjamin.brezing@water.ca.gov or (916) 651-9291. Date of acquisition: Between Spring of 2015 and Spring of 2017. Date of production: 2017. Date of delivery of product: Delivered from NASA JPL to DWR in September of 2017. Processing steps: See Progress Report: Subsidence in California, March 2015 – September 2016, Tom G. Farr, Cathleen E. Jones, Zhen Liu, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 2016. Pixel value definitions: Vertical ground surface displacement in inches for time period specified above. Positional accuracy: See Progress Report: Subsidence in California, March 2015 – September 2016, Tom G. Farr, Cathleen E. Jones, Zhen Liu, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 2016.

The primary forms of damage in subsidence areas are mining subsidence and ground fissures, leading to a unique type of underlying surface that alters the hydrological environment and hydrogeological conditions of the watershed. This phenomenon is common in the Yellow River Basin, a major coal-producing region in China, and requires urgent scientific development and management. In this study, SAR data were collected from the Kuye River sub-basin of the Yellow River Basin, and SBAS-InSAR technology was employed for baseline resolution, data enhancement, differential interference, and phase unwrapping. This approach enabled the assessment of spatial distribution characteristics of surface deformation rates and cumulative surface subsidence in the Kuye River Basin impacted by coal mining. By comparing and analyzing the spatial distribution of surface subsidence areas with coal mining areas, the study identified and extracted coal mining subsidence zones. This provides data support for the management and development of these subsidence areas. The results indicate the formation of 914 coal mining subsidence areas in the Kuye River Basin due to coal mining, covering a total area of 345.76 km², with the largest subsidence area measuring 10.01 km².

San Joaquin Valley Subsidence Analysis README.
Written: Joel Dudas, 3/12/2017. Amended: Ben Brezing, 4/2/2019. DWR’s Division of Engineering Geodetic Branch received a request in 1/2017 from Jeanine Jones to produce a graphic of historic subsidence in the entirety of the San Joaquin Valley. The task was assigned to the Mapping & Photogrammetry Office and the Geospatial Data Support Section to complete by early February. After reviewing the alternatives, the decision was made to produce contours from the oldest available set of quad maps for which there was reasonable certainty about quality and datum, and to compare that to the most current Valley-wide DEM. For the first requirement, research indicated that the 1950’s vintage quad maps for the Valley were the best alternative. Prior quad map editions are uneven in quality and vintage, and the actual control used for the contour lines was extremely suspect. The 1950’s quads, by contrast, were produced primarily on the basis of 1948-1949 aerial photography, along with control corresponding to that period, and referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929. For the current set, the most recent Valley-wide dataset that was freely available, in the public domain, and of reasonable accuracy was the 2005 NextMap SAR acquisition (referenced to NAVD88). The primary bulk of the work focused on digitizing the 1950’s contours. First, all of the necessary quads were downloaded from the online USGS quad source https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/maps/Topoview/viewer/#4/41.13/-107.51. Then the entire staff of the Mapping & Photogrammetry Lab (including both the Mapping Office and GDDS staff) proceeded to digitize the contours. Given the short turnaround time constraint and limited budget, certain shortcuts occurred in contour development. While efforts were made to digitize accurately, speed really was important. Contours were primarily focused only on agricultural and other lowland areas, and so highlands were by and large skipped. The tight details of contours along rivers, levees, and hillsides was skipped and/or simplified. In some cases, only major contours were digitized. The mapping on the source quads itself varied….in a few cases on spot elevations on benchmarks were available in quads. The contour interval sometimes varied, even within the quad sheet itself. In addition, because 8 different people were creating the contours, variability exists in the style and attention to detail. It should be understood that given the purpose of the project (display regional subsidence patterns), that literal and precise development of the historic contour sets leaves some things to be desired. These caveats being said, the linework is reasonably accurate for what it is (particularly given that the contours of that era themselves were mapped at an unknown and varying actual quality). The digitizers tagged the lines with Z values manually entered after linework that corresponded to the mapped elevation contours. Joel Dudas then did what could be called a “rough” QA/QC of the contours. The individual lines were stitched together into a single contour set, and exported to an elevation raster (using TopoToRaster in ArcGIS 10.4). Gross blunders in Z values were corrected. Gaps in the coverage were filled. The elevation grid was then adjusted to NAVD88 using a single adjustment for the entire coverage area (2.5’, which is a pretty close average of values in this region). The NextMap data was extracted for the area, and converted into feet. The two raster sets were fixed to the same origin point. The subsidence grid was then created by subtracting the old contour-derived grid from the NextMAP DEM. The subsidence grid that includes all of the values has the suffix “ALL”. Then, to improve the display fidelity, some of the extreme values (above +5’ and below -20’*) were filtered out of the dataset, and the subsidence grid was regenerated for these areas and suffixed with “cut.” The purpose of this cut was to extract some of the riverine and hilly areas that produced more extreme values and other artifacts purely due to the analysis approach (i.e. not actual real elevation change). * - some of the areas with more than 20 feet of subsidence were omitted from this clipping, because they were in heavily subsided areas and may be “real subsidence.”The resulting subsidence product should be perceived in light of the above. Some of the collar of the San Joaquin Valley shows large changes, but that is simply due to the analysis method. Also, individual grid cells may or may not be comparing the same real features. Errors are baked into both comparison datasets. However, it is important to note that the large areas of subsidence in the primary agriculture area agree fairly well with a cruder USGS subsidence map of the Valley based on extensometer data. We have confidence that the big picture story these results show us is largely correct, and that the magnitudes of subsidence are somewhat reasonable. The contour set can serve as the baseline to support future comparisons using more recent or future data as it becomes available. It should be noted there are two key versions of the data. The “Final Deliverables” from 2/2017 were delivered to support the initial Public Affairs press release. Subsequent improvements were made in coverage and blunder correction as time permitted (it should be noted this occurred in the midst of the Oroville Dam emergency) to produce the final as of 3/12/2017. Further improvements in overall quality and filtering could occur in the future if time and needs demand it.
Update (4/3/2019, Ben Brezing): The raster was further smoothed to remove artifacts that result from comparing the high resolution NextMAP DEM to the lower resolution DEM that was derived from the 1950’s quad map contours. The smoothing was accomplished by removing raster cells with values that are more than 0.5 feet different than adjacent cells (25 meter cell size), as well as the adjacent cells. The resulting raster was then resampled to a raster with 100 meter cell size using cubic resampling technique and was then converted to a point feature class. The point feature class was then interpolated to a raster with 250 meter cell size using the IDW technique, a fixed search radius of 1250 meters and power=2. The resulting raster was clipped to a smaller extent to remove noisier areas around the edges of the Central Valley while retaining coverage for the main area of interest.

This dataset provides estimates of land subsidence rates for the Delta-X domain area within the Atchafalaya and Terrebonne basins for 2021. The study area is a portion of the Mississippi River Delta in coastal Louisiana, U.S. The total subsidence is calculated as the sum of deep and shallow vertical elevation change rates. The deep subsidence rate is based on information from the Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority (CPRA) of Louisiana, documented in the Phase-4 subsidence trend report prepared for and provided by CPRA (2022). The shallow subsidence is calculated for the Delta-X study area by interpolation of publicly available data provided by CPRA for their coast-wide estimation of shallow subsidence in the 2023 Coastal Master Plan. The total subsidence rates and the estimated uncertainty in the total subsidence rates are provided as separate files in cloud optimized GeoTIFF (COG) format at 30-m (0.0003 decimal degrees) resolution.

Abstract

The dataset was derived by the Bioregional Assessment Programme from multiple source datasets. The source datasets are identified in the Lineage field in this metadata statement. The processes undertaken to produce this derived dataset are described in the History field in this metadata statement.

This dataset contains digitised subsidence polygons for Carmichael, China First, Kevins Corner and South Galilee mines. The various mines shapefiles were hand digitised from the QLD State Government report: Carmichael Coal Mine and Rail project: Coordinator-General's evaluation report on the environmental impact statement, May 2014 (PDF saved within the dataset). Guid = 2a595f74-aae6-4d83-9cd7-1459247d751a.

Purpose

This dataset provides a digitised spatial representation of the subsidence within the various Mine Tenements.

Dataset History

Data has been digitised by hand from Figure 2.2 (page 7) of the QLD State Government report: Carmichael Coal Mine and Rail project: Coordinator-General's evaluation report on the environmental impact statement, May 2014 (Copy of PDF saved within the dataset). The digitised dataset was georectified using graticules and drainage as reference points. The mine (onsite) feature was then hand digitised as a polygons.

Dataset Citation

Bioregional Assessment Programme (2014) Galilee subsidence data. Bioregional Assessment Derived Dataset. Viewed 07 December 2018, http://data.bioregionalassessments.gov.au/dataset/45352553-f363-4a67-b4f7-27000e47f697.

Dataset Ancestors

• Derived From Carmichael Coal Mine and Rail Project Environmental Impact Statement

Groundwater overdraft gives rise to multiple adverse impacts including land subsidence and permanent groundwater storage loss. Existing methods have been unable to characterize groundwater storage loss at the global scale with sufficient resolution to be relevant for local studies. Here we explore the interrelation between groundwater stress, aquifer depletion, and land subsidence using remote sensing and model-based datasets with a machine learning approach. The developed model predicts global land subsidence magnitude at high spatial resolution (~2 km) and provides a first-order estimate of aquifer storage loss due to consolidation of ~17 km3/year globally. China, the United States, and Iran account for the majority of groundwater storage loss due to consolidation. The model quantifies key drivers of subsidence and has high predictive accuracy, with an F1-score of 0.83 on the validation set. Roughly 73% of the mapped subsidence occurs over cropland and urban areas, highlighting the need for sustainable groundwater management practices over these areas. The results of this study aid in assessing the spatial extents of subsidence in known subsiding areas, and in locating unknown groundwater stressed regions.

This dataset maps fissure and breakline features stored in the National Coal Mining Database. Fissures are a crack or opening in rock or the earth, created by mining in certain circumstances and breaklines are a vertical step in the rock or earth, created when underground mining has caused differential settlement at the surface. Breaklines are usually associated with geological features such as fault lines. The position of these geological disturbances are captured into the database following claims made under the Coal Mining Subsidence Act 1991 against the Coal Authority (prior to 1994) or the mine operators (post 1994). The polygon represents a 5m buffer around the line of the fissure or breakline indicating the area that may have been affected.

The Central Valley, and particularly the San Joaquin Valley, has a long history of land subsidence caused by groundwater development. The extensive withdrawal of groundwater from the unconsolidated deposits of the San Joaquin Valley lowered groundwater levels and caused widespread land subsidence—reaching 9 meters by 1981. More than half of the thickness of the aquifer system is composed of fine-grained sediments, including clays, silts, and sandy or silty clays that are susceptible to compaction. In an effort to aid water managers in understanding how water moves through the aquifer system, predicting water-supply scenarios, and addressing issues related to water competition, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) developed a new hydrologic modeling tool, the Central Valley Hydrologic Model (CVHM; Faunt and others 2009). The data presented in this data release will be used to facilitate updates to the original CVHM and represent subsidence observations (measurements) using geodetic surveys during 1926–2021 by USGS, Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), California Department of Water Resources (DWR), National Geodetic Survey (NGS), and San Luis and Delta-Mendota Water Agency (SLDMWA). In the context of this report, subsidence is defined as the lowering of the land-surface elevation as a result of aquifer-system compaction and is calculated by differencing repeated measurements. While the model only goes through 2019, the 2021 data is included in this data release for completeness. For a more detailed description of geodetic survey methods, please see Poland and others (1975) and Sneed and others (2020).

This feature class describes areas infeasible for infiltration due to the presence of Coal Mine Subsidence Zones. This data was obtained by AESI from the City of Bellevue FTP site on March 24, 2015. AESI excluded Coal Mine Subsidence Zone 1 areas, and clipped Coal Mine Subsidence Zone 2 areas to within the City of Bellevue.This feature class is part of Appendix C, GIS Files and Documentation, of the Infiltration Infeasibility Analysis and Technical Report, prepared for the City of Bellevue Utilities Department by Associated Earth Sciences, Inc, April 4, 2016.

The slopes above streams and rivers are subjected to a variety of processes that cause them to recede and retreat from the river or stream channel. These processes, collectively called mass wasting, can be classified according to rapidity of movement and according to the type of materials that are transported.

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-34525-w is data sources. Because of a lack of detailed open ground lift data along the coastal area of China, through a systematic literature review, we got the lifting of the surface of China's coastal regions in detail and established China's coastal cities land subsidence database, including China's coastal cities sedimentation rate in the different periods and measurements. The literature mainly comes from CNKI database, Web of Science, and the grey literature, such as reporting, planning, etc. The data can be used in the study of relative sea level change, coastal extreme water level and coastal flooding risk research, and can provide the reference and basis for adaptation measures for coastal land subsidence prevention and control and planning, etc.

An extensive review of the literature was conducted in the area of land subsidence due to the withdrawal of fluids. A method of categorizing the citations was developed to facilitate identification of references relating to specific fields of interest. A brief review of the materials represented by the bibliography indicates the state-of-the-art within this area. The bibliography (containing 1225 citations) is presented in its categorized form. 5 figs., 3 tabs.

Land Subsidence, Earth Fissures, and Water-Level Change in Southern Arizona. This Map provides a general overview of ground-water depletion and resultant land subsidence and earth-fissure problems in the Basin Range Province of Southern Arizona. Scale 1:500,000