This entry provides access to surficial geology maps that have been published by the Geological survey of Canada. Two series of maps are available: "A Series" maps, published from 1909 to 2010 and "Canadian Geoscience Maps", published since 2010. Three types of CGM-series maps are available: 1)Surficial Geology: based on expert-knowledge full air photo interpretation (may include interpretive satellite imagery, Digital Elevation Models (DEM)), incorporating field data and ground truthing resulting from extensive, systematic fieldwork across the entire map area. Air photo interpretation includes map unit/deposit genesis, texture, thickness, structure, morphology, depositional or erosional environment, ice flow or meltwater direction, age/cross-cutting relationships, landscape evolution and associated geological features, complemented by additional overlay modifiers, points and linear features, selected from over 275 different geological elements in the Surficial Data Model. Wherever possible, legacy data is also added to the map. 2)Reconnaissance Surficial Geology: based on expert-knowledge full air photo interpretation (may include interpretive satellite imagery, DEMs), with limited or no fieldwork. Air photo interpretation includes map unit/deposit genesis, texture, thickness, structure, morphology, depositional or erosional environment, ice flow or meltwater direction, age/cross-cutting relationships, landscape evolution and associated geological features, complemented by additional overlay modifiers, points and linear features, selected from over 275 different geological elements in the Surficial Data Model. Wherever possible, legacy data is also added to the map. 3)Predictive Surficial Geology: derived from one or more methods of remote predictive mapping (RPM) using different satellite imagery, spectral characteristics of vegetation and surface moisture, machine processing, algorithms etc., DEMs, where raster data are converted to vector, with some expert-knowledge air photo interpretation (training areas or post-verification areas), varying degrees of non-systematic fieldwork, and the addition of any legacy data available. Each map is based on a version of the Geological Survey of Canada's Surficial Data Model (https://doi.org/10.4095/315021), thus providing an easily accessible national surficial geological framework and context in a standardized format to all users. "A series" maps were introduced in 1909 and replaced by CGM maps in 2010. The symbols and vocabulary used on those maps was not as standardized as they are in the CGM maps. Some "A series" maps were converted into, or redone, as CGM maps, Both versions are available whenever that is the case. In addition to CGM and "A series" maps, some surficial geology maps are published in the Open File series. Those maps are not displayed in this entry, but can be found and accessed using the NRCan publications website, GEOSCAN:(https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca).

Bedrock Geology Set is a 1:50,000-scale, polygon and line feature-based layer describing the solid material that underlies the soil or other unconsolidated material of the earth for Connecticut. Bedrock geologic formations are described as polygons in terms of formation name (incorporating geologic age), rock type, and tectonic terrane association. Tectonic forces are responsible for the present day geologic configuration of the continents. Resulting terranes are regionally fault bounded rocks of a similar tectonic history. Each terrane is named after its plate tectonics ancestry. Geologic lines include contacts, faults, and terrane boundaries. Terrane boundaries are named for the faults involved. The geologic contacts and faults are delineated and classified by type. Polygon feature attribute information is comprised of codes to identify individual bedrock geologic units, their formation name, description and size. Line feature attributes identify, name and describe bedrock contacts, faults and terrane boundaries between these bedrock geologic units. Data is compiled at 1:50,000 scale and is not updated. A complete description of the bedrock mapping units with mineralogical descriptions and a brief history of Connecticut geology are included in the Supplemental Information Section for reference.

Connecticut Bedrock Geology is a 1:50,000-scale, polygon and line feature-based layer describing the solid material that underlies the soil or other unconsolidated material of the earth for Connecticut. Bedrock geologic formations are described as polygons in terms of formation name (incorporating geologic age), rock type, and tectonic terrane association. Tectonic forces are responsible for the present day geologic configuration of the continents. Resulting terranes are regionally fault bounded rocks of a similar tectonic history. Each terrane is named after its plate tectonics ancestry. Geologic lines include contacts, faults, and terrane boundaries. Terrane boundaries are named for the faults involved. The geologic contacts and faults are delineated and classified by type. Polygon feature attribute information is comprised of codes to identify individual bedrock geologic units, their formation name, description and size. Line feature attributes identify, name and describe bedrock contacts, faults and terrane boundaries between these bedrock geologic units. Data is compiled at 1:50,000 scale and is not updated. A complete description of the bedrock mapping units with mineralogical descriptions and a brief history of Connecticut geology are included in the Supplemental Information Section for reference.

Bedrock Geology Set is a 1:50,000-scale, polygon and line feature-based layer describing the solid material that underlies the soil or other unconsolidated material of the earth for Connecticut. Bedrock geologic formations are described as polygons in terms of formation name (incorporating geologic age), rock type, and tectonic terrane association. Tectonic forces are responsible for the present day geologic configuration of the continents. Resulting terranes are regionally fault bounded rocks of a similar tectonic history. Each terrane is named after its plate tectonics ancestry. Geologic lines include contacts, faults, and terrane boundaries. Terrane boundaries are named for the faults involved. The geologic contacts and faults are delineated and classified by type. Polygon feature attribute information is comprised of codes to identify individual bedrock geologic units, their formation name, description and size. Line feature attributes identify, name and describe bedrock contacts, faults and terrane boundaries between these bedrock geologic units. Data is compiled at 1:50,000 scale and is not updated. A complete description of the bedrock mapping units with mineralogical descriptions and a brief history of Connecticut geology are included in the Supplemental Information Section for reference. Connecticut Bedrock Geology is a 1:50,000-scale, polygon and line feature-based layer describing the solid material that underlies the soil or other unconsolidated material of the earth for Connecticut. Bedrock geologic formations are described as polygons in terms of formation name (incorporating geologic age), rock type, and tectonic terrane association. Tectonic forces are responsible for the present day geologic configuration of the continents. Resulting terranes are regionally fault bounded rocks of a similar tectonic history. Each terrane is named after its plate tectonics ancestry. Geologic lines include contacts, faults, and terrane boundaries. Terrane boundaries are named for the faults involved. The geologic contacts and faults are delineated and classified by type. Polygon feature attribute information is comprised of codes to identify individual bedrock geologic units, their formation name, description and size. Line feature attributes identify, name and describe bedrock contacts, faults and terrane boundaries between these bedrock geologic units. Data is compiled at 1:50,000 scale and is not updated. A complete description of the bedrock mapping units with mineralogical descriptions and a brief history of Connecticut geology are included in the Supplemental Information Section for reference.

Bedrock is the solid rock at or below the land surface. Over much of Ireland, the bedrock is covered by materials such as soil and gravel. The Bedrock map shows what the land surface of Ireland would be made up of if these materials were removed. As the bedrock is commonly covered, bedrock maps are an interpretation of the available data. Geologists map and record information on the composition and structure of rock outcrops (rock which can be seen on the land surface) and boreholes (a deep narrow round hole drilled in the ground). Areas are drawn on a map to show the distribution of rocks. To produce this dataset, the twenty one 1:100,000 paper maps covering Ireland were digitised and borders and overlaps between map sheets were removed. We collect new data to update our map and also use data made available from other sources. This Bedrock map is to the scale 1:100,000 (1cm on the map relates to a distance of 1km). It is a vector dataset. Vector data portray the world using points, lines, and polygons (areas). The bedrock data is shown as polygons. Each polygon holds information on the rock unit name, its description, stratigraphy code (rock layers with age profile), lithology code (rock type) and map sheet number. Each polygon is linked to the bedrock lexicon table which has more detailed information such as a definition of the rock unit, rock types, age, thickness and other comments. The data holding comprises 4 key shapefiles: 1) Bedrock Rock Units 1:100k - A polygon shapefile that contains bedrock geological information on Stratigraphy, Igneous, Lithology and Diagentic codes, their unitnames and brief descriptions. 2) Bedrock Stratigraphic and Structural lines 1:100k - A linework shapefile that contains structural geological linework codes, stratigraphic geological line codes and descriptions and map sheet cross sections as per paper printed maps. 3) Bedrock Structural Symbols 1:100k - A point shapefile that contains selected structural data from the 19th century 6" mapping. 4) Bedrock Outcrop - A polygon shapefile that contains outcrop locations from the 19th century 6" inch mapping and other sources such as mineral exploration reports Two lexicon tables are also included in the download and are related to the linework and polygon files to provide more detailed information on the represented geological formations.

NYRWA Surficial Geologic Materials: Surficial geologic materials of selected towns in Columbia County, New York. This data set is of surficial geologic materials mapped by the New York Rural Water Association and found in the following towns: Ancram, Austerlitz, Chatham, Claverack, Copake, Germantown, Ghent, Hillsdale, Stuyvesant, and Taghkanic.

The Surface Geology of Australia (2010 edition) is a seamless national coverage of outcrop and surficial geology, compiled for us e at or around 1:1 000 000 scale. The data maps outcropping bedrock geology and unconsolidated or poorly consolidated regolith m aterial covering bedrock. Geological units are represented as polygon and line geometries, and are attributed with information r egarding stratigraphic nomenclature and parentage, age, lithology, and primary data source. The dataset also contains geological contacts, structural features such as faults and shears, and miscellaneous supporting lines like the boundaries of water and ice bodies.

The dataset has been compiled from merging the seven State and Territory 1:1 000 000 scale surface geology datasets released by G eoscience Australia between 2006 and 2008, correcting errors and omissions identified in those datasets, addition of some offshor e island territories, and updating stratigraphic attribute information to the best available in 2010 from the Australian Stratigr aphic Units Database (http://www.ga.gov.au/oracle/stratnames/index.jsp). The map data were compiled largely from simplifying and edgematching existing 1:250 000 scale geological maps. Where these maps were not current, more recent source maps, ranging in s cale from 1:50 000 to 1:1 000 000 were used. In some areas where the only available geological maps were quite old and poorly lo cated, some repositioning of mapping using recent satellite imagery or geophysics was employed.

This data is freely available from Geoscience Australia under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence.

It is recommended that these data be referred to as:

Raymond, O.L., Retter, A.J., (editors), 2010. Surface geology of Australia 1:1,000,000 scale, 2010 edition [Digital Dataset] Geoscience Australia, Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra. http://www.ga.gov.au

Specialised Geographic Information System (GIS) software is required to view this data.

Descriptions of MAP_SYMB attribute field:
MAP_SYMB format = Drxy

1. D = unit age. Two letters may be used for units spanning for than one age periods.
   
   

Cenozoic Cz
Quaternary Q
Mesozoic Mz
Cretaceous K
Jurassic J
Triassic -R
Paleozoic Pz
Permian P
Carboniferous C
Devonian D
Silurian S
Ordovician O
Cambrian -C
Proterozoic -P
Neoproterozoic N
Mesoproterozoic M
Paleoproterozoic L
Archean A

2. r = gross rock descriptor. A one letter code to reflect the broad lithological composition of the unit

IGNEOUS EXAMPLES
g felsic to intermediate intrusive granite, granodiorite, tonalite, monzonite, diorite, syenite
d mafic intrusive gabbro, dolerite, norite
f felsic extrusive / high level intrusive rhyolite, dacite, ignimbrite, pyroclastic rocks
a intermediate extrusive / high level intrusive andesite, trachyte, latite, pyroclastic rocks
b mafic extrusive / high level intrusive basalt, scoria, shoshonite, pyroclastic rocks
u ultramafic undivided (intrusive & extrusive) komatiite, high Mg basalt, pyroxenite, dunite, wehrlite
k alkaline ultramafic kimberlite, lamprophyre, carbonatite

SEDIMENTARY
s siliciclastic/undifferentiated sediment shale, siltstone, sandstone, conglomerate, mudstone
j volcanogenic sediment epiclastic sediments and breccias, greywacke, arkose
l carbonate sediment limestone, marl, dolomite
c non-carbonate chemical sediment chert, evaporite, phosphorite, BIF
o organic-rich rock coal, amber, oil shale

MIXED SEDIMENTARY & IGNEOUS
v felsic & mafic volcanics
i felsic & mafic intrusives
w volcanics & sediments

METAMORPHIC
y low-medium grade meta clastic sediment slate, phyllite, schist, quartzite
t low-medium grade metabasite mafic schist, greenstone, amphibolite
r low-medium grade metafelsite rhyolitic schist, meta-andesite
m calc-silicate and marble meta carbonates and calcareous sediments
n high grade metamorphic rock gneiss, granulite, migmatite
p high-P metamorphic rock eclogite, blueschist
h contact metamorphic rock hornfels, spotted slate
e metamorphosed ultramafic rocks serpentinite, talc schist, chlorite schist (no feldspars), tremolite schist, ultr amafic amphibolite

OTHER
z fault / shear rock mylonite, fault breccia, cataclasite, gouge
q vein quartz vein, carbonate vein
x complex, melange, undivided, unknown

1. xy = One or two letters to reflect the stratigraphic name of a unit. Where practical, these letters reflect stratigraphic g rouping or hierarchy. For instance, formations within a named group should have letter symbols reflecting their parent group.
   
   

eg: Tomkinson Creek Group - Lsk
Bootu Formation - Lskb

The National Ecological Framework for Canada's "Surficial Geology by Ecoregion” dataset contains tables that provide surficial geology information with the ecoregion framework polygons. It provides codes that characterize surficial geology (unconsolidated geologic materials) and their English and French-language descriptions as well as information about the area and percentage of the polygon that the material occupies.

DataStore - Project - (Code: 2171395) (nps.gov)DataStore - Geospatial Dataset - (Code: 2221339) (nps.gov)This layer represents hazard lines, glacial feature lines, surficial contacts, and general geologic surficial units. More detailed information, and other spatial layers, are available. This Geologic Resources Inventory Project is part of the NPS Geologic Resources Inventory (GRI) Program. The program strives to advance science based management of natural resources in the national parks, and to raise awareness about geology and the role that geologic features and processes play in the environment. The Geologic Resources Division of the NPS Natural Resource Program Center administers the program.A completed GRI project consists of digital geologic-GIS map(s), and a geologic report, and is intended to assist NPS personnel in the protection and management of the park. GRI geologic-GIS maps are available in ESRI GIS formats, and include FGDC metadata, GIS readme file, and an ancillary map information document that contain descriptions of units present on the map, as well as graphics, figures, tables, references and report text when present on the source maps used by the GRI in producing the map. The GRI geologic report identifies and provides a description of key geologic resource management issues, a discussion of geologic features and processes important to park ecosystems and management, a map unit properties table that identifies characteristics of geologic map units, a brief geologic history of the park area; and an overview of the digital geologic map data.Refer to Holdings (below) for the availability of GRI digital geologic-GIS map(s), and the GRI geologic report pertaining to NPS Units related to this project. Contact Bruce Heise (NPS GRD; bruce_heise@nps.gov) concerning the GRI program, Tim Connors (NPS GRD; tim_connors@nps.gov), concerning the status and availability of GRI geologic-GIS maps, Jason Kenworthy(NPS GRD; jason_kenworthy@nps.gov) concerning the status and availability of GRI reports, and Stephanie O’Meara (Colorado State University; stephanie.omeara@colostate.edu) concerning the use of GRI geologic-GIS maps.

Bedrock is the solid rock at or below the land surface. Over much of Ireland, the bedrock is covered by materials such as soil and gravel. The Bedrock map shows what the land surface of the North East, Midlands, Cork and Dublin would be made up of if these materials were removed. As the bedrock is commonly covered, bedrock maps are an interpretation of the available data. Geologists map and record information on the composition and structure of rock outcrops (rock which can be seen on the land surface) and boreholes (a deep narrow round hole drilled in the ground). Areas are drawn on a map to show the distribution of rocks. To produce this dataset, the bedrock geology 1:100,000 map was clipped to these areas. Historical information was compiled from mineral exploration reports and old geology maps. This new information was used to re-interpret the geology. This Bedrock map is best displayed to the scale 1:50,000 (1cm on the map relates to a distance of 500m). It is a vector dataset. Vector data portray the world using points, lines, and polygons (areas). The bedrock data is shown as polygons. Each polygon holds information on the rock unit name, its description, stratigraphy code (rock layers with age profile), lithology code (rock type) and map sheet number. Each polygon is linked to the bedrock lexicon table which has more detailed information such as a definition of the rock unit, rock types, age, thickness and other comments.

BEDROCK maps bedrock geology units and major faults for Maine at 1:500,000 scale. The dataset was developed by the Maine Geological Survey (MGS) from the "Bedrock Geologic Map of Maine, Osberg, Hussey, and Boone, 1985". The data for this dataset were scanned off 1:500,000 scale mylars by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) in 1987. The original bedrock unit codes were added by the J.W. Sewall Co. in 1990 for the Maine Low-Level Radioactive Waste Authority. In 1994, staff at MGS identified and added codes for major bedrock faults. Bedrock UNIT codes assigned to this dataset are available in comma delimited text, and .dbf format, on the Maine GIS Data Catalog

The National Ecological Framework for Canada's "Surficial Geology by Ecozone” dataset contains tables that provide surficial geology information with the ecozone framework polygons. It provides codes that characterize surficial geology (unconsolidated geologic materials) and their English and French-language descriptions as well as information about the area and percentage of the polygon that the material occupies.

Abstract Surface Geology of Australia 2012 - Lines contains geological units (outcrop or near-outcrop) that are too narrow to be represented by polygons. The Surface Geology of Australia 1:1M scale dataset (2012 edition) is a seamless national coverage of outcrop and surficial geology, compiled for use at or around 1:1 million scale. The data maps outcropping bedrock geology and unconsolidated or poorly consolidated regolith material covering bedrock. Geological units are represented as polygon and line geometries, and are attributed with information regarding stratigraphic nomenclature and hierarchy, age, lithology, and primary data source. The dataset also contains geological contacts, structural features such as faults and shears, and miscellaneous supporting lines like the boundaries of water and ice bodies. The 2012 dataset has been updated from the previous 2010 data by updating geological unit data to 2012 information in the Australian Stratigraphic Units Database, incorporating new published mapping in the Northern Territory and Queensland, and correcting errors or inconsistent data identified in the previous edition, particularly in the Phanerozoic geology of Western Australia. The attribute structure of the dataset has also been revised to be more compatible with the GeoSciML data standard, published by the IUGS Commission for Geoscience Information. The first edition of this national dataset was first released in 2008, with map data compiled largely from simplifying and edgematching existing 1:250 000 scale geological maps. Where these maps were not current, more recent source maps ranging in scale from 1:50 000 to 1:1 million were used. In some areas where the only available geological maps were old and poorly located, some repositioning of mapping using recent satellite imagery or geophysics was employed. Currency Date modified: December 2014 Modification frequency: As needed Data extent Spatial extent North: -8.47206° South: -58.4495° East: 171.8011° West: 67.05399° Source information Geoscience Australia catalog entry: Surface Geology of Australia 1:1 million scale dataset 2012 edition Lineage statement The 2012 dataset has been updated from the previous 2010 data by updating geological unit data to 2012 information in the Australian Stratigraphic Units Database, incorporating new published mapping in the Northern Territory and Queensland, and correcting errors or inconsistent data identified in the previous edition, particularly in the Phanerozoic geology of Western Australia. The attribute structure of the dataset has also been revised to be more compatible with the GeoSciML data standard, published by the IUGS Commission for Geoscience Information. The first edition of this national dataset was first released in 2008, with map data compiled largely from simplifying and edgematching existing 1:250 000 scale geological maps. Where these maps were not current, more recent source maps ranging in scale from 1:50 000 to 1:1 million were used. In some areas where the only available geological maps were old and poorly located, some repositioning of mapping using recent satellite imagery or geophysics was employed. Data dictionary

Attribute name Description

mapSymbol Letter symbol or code representing the geologic unit

plotSymbol Letter symbol or code representing the geologic unit for display on a map. May be a simplified version of mapSymbol

stratno Unique unit number from the Australian Stratigraphic Units Database

name Name of the geologic unit

description Text description of the geologic unit

geologicUnitType The type of geologic unit. (eg, lithostratigraphic, chronostratigraphic, etc) Term from a controlled vocabulary.

geologicUnitType_uri URI link to a controlled vocabulary term for geologic unit type

geologicHistory Text summary description of the geologic history of the geologic unit

representativeAge_uri URI link to a controlled vocabulary term for the representative summary age for the geologic unit

representativeYoungerAge_uri URI link to a controlled vocabulary term for the older named age for the geologic unit

representativeOlderAge_uri URI link to a controlled vocabulary term for the younger named age for the geologic unit

lithology A summary description of the lithological composition of the geologic unit

representativeLithology_uri URI link to a controlled vocabulary term for the primary lithological composition of the geologic unit

bodyMorphology Description of the type of occurrence of the geologic unit (eg, pluton, dyke, sill, markerbed, vein, etc)

observationMethod Description of the observation method or compilation method used compile the mapped geologic unit

identityConfidence Description of the confidence in the interpretation of the geologic unit

positionalAccuracy_m Estimate of the accuracy of the mapped feature, in metres

source Text describing feature-specific details and citations to source materials, and if available providing URLs to reference material and publications describing the geologic feature. This could be a short text synopsis of key information that would also be in the metadata record referenced by metadata_uri.

metadata_uri URI referring to a metadata record describing the provenance of data.

mappingFrame Description of the frame of reference of the mapped data (eg, earth surface, top of bedrock, top of Neoproterozoic basement)

resolutionScale The denominator of the scale at which the mapped data is designed to be represented

captureScale The denominator of the scale of data from which the mapped feature has been compiled

captureDate The date of original data capture for this mapped feature Metadata Statement - Surface Geology of Australia, 1:2.5 million scale, 2012 edition 6

modifiedDate The date of modification of this mapped feature, if applicable

plotRank A numeric indicator of the intention for how this mapped feature is to be plotted on a map. (1 = normal plotting feature; 2 = non-plotting feature

symbol Identifier for a line symbol from symbolization scheme for portrayal (eg, dykes, markerbeds, veins)

mappedFeatureID Unique identifier (URI) for the mapped line segment

geologicUnitID Unique identifier (URI) for the geologic unit

Contact Geoscience Australia, clientservices@ga.gov.au

The layer was developed by a partnership of the Wyoming State Geological Survey and the Wyoming Water Resources Center. It was originally created specifically for use in the Wyoming Ground-Water Vulnerability Mapping Project being conducted at the Wyoming Water Resources Center, a statewide study of aquifer vulnerability to contamination from pesticides. In that context, it was to be used to assist in the generation of a new State soils map, to analyze the effects of the vadose zone on contaminant migration, to define specific Quaternary- age aquifers, and to refine the analysis of regional hydrogeologic settings.

 The Surficial Geology Map of Wyoming can be used, in
 conjunction with a bedrock geologic map, as a guide in
 siting new facilities or industries in Wyoming. It can
 also be used to identify and locate geologic hazards,
 such as landslides and windblown deposits, or to assist
 in the search for shallow ground water supplies and for
 construction aggregate. The map has already been used
 to assist the Wyoming Gap Analysis Project (Merrill and
 others, 1997) in southwestern Wyoming, and in the
 generation of Quaternary Geologic Maps of Wyoming.

 This dataset represents surficial geology of Wyoming at
 1:500,000-scale. The layer contains 577 separate
 surficial feature (landforms) and deposit descriptions
 present on the surface in the state. Compiled from
 aerial photography and existing maps this layer
 represents the first comprehensive surficial geology
 map of Wyoming.

The National Ecological Framework for Canada's "Surficial Geology by Ecoprovince” dataset contains tables that provide surficial geology information with the ecoprovince framework polygons. It provides codes that characterize surficial geology (unconsolidated geologic materials) and their English and French-language descriptions as well as information about the area and percentage of the polygon that the material occupies.

British Columbia Digital Geology is the data source used for the seamless province-wide, up-to-date, and detailed bedrock geology. The bedrock geology is standardized with consistent stratigraphic code and geometries, and integrates all details of compilations from 1:50,000 to 1:250,000. The latest release (Open File 2017-8) is maintained by a geospatial frame data model, which consists of attributed geological contacts and faults as linework, and outcrops or centroids as points attributed with bedrock information. Techniques are used to simplify the integration process and shorten the timeframe from field mapping, compilation, integration, to data delivery. The release also contains: tables for geological units and colours; ESRI layer files containing bedrock colour symbols; and a map of British Columbia illustrating the suggested colour theme for the bedrock polygons. Related data sets are Geology Faults and Quaternary Alluvium and Cover. Bedrock Geology is interactive with other geoscience data on MapPlace and MapPlace 2 and is available for download in shapefile format.

See full Data Guide here. This data layer includes the information portrayed on the Surficial Materials Map of Connecticut (Stone, J.R., Schafer, J.P., London, E.H. and Thompson, W.B., 1992, U.S. Geological Survey special map, 2 sheets, scale 1:125,000). The Surficial Materials Map of Connecticut portrays the glacial and postglacial deposits of Connecticut in terms of their aerial extent and subsurface textural relationships. Glacial Ice-Laid Deposits (thin till, thick till, end moraine deposits) and Postglacial Deposits (alluvium, swamp deposits, marsh deposits, beach deposits, talus, and artificial fill) are differentiated from Glacial Meltwater Deposits. The meltwater deposits are further characterized using four texturally-based map units (g = gravel, sg = sand and gravel, s = sand, and f = fines). In many places a single map unit (e.g. sand) is sufficient to describe the entire meltwater section. Where more complex stratigraphic relationships exist, "stacked" map units are used to characterize the subsurface (e.g. sg/s/f - sand and gravel overlying sand overlying fines). Where postglacial deposits overlie meltwater deposits, this relationship is also described (e.g. alluvium overlying sand). Map unit definitions (Surficial Materials Polygon Code definitions, found in the metadata) provide a short description of the inferred depositional environment for each of the glacial meltwater map units. This map was compiled at 1:24,000 scale, and published at 1:125,000 scale. Connecticut Surficial Materials is a 1:24,000-scale, polygon and line feature-based layer describing the unconsolidated glacial and postglacial deposits of Connecticut in terms of their grain-size distribution (texture) as compiled at 1:24,000 scale for the Surficial Materials Map of Connecticut. Glacial meltwater deposits (stratified deposits) are particularly emphasized because these sediments are the major groundwater aquifers in the State and are also the major source of construction aggregate. These deposits are described in terms of their subsurface distribution of textures as well as their extent. The texture of meltwater deposits through their total vertical thickness in the subsurface is shown to the extent that it is known or can be inferred. In some places only one textural unit (such as SG - Sand and Gravel) describes the whole vertical extent of the meltwater deposits; in other places 'stacked units' (such as SG/S/F - Sand and Gravel overlying Sand overlying Fines) indicate changes of textural units in the subsurface. Polygon features represent individual textural (surficial material) units with attributes that describe textural unit type and size. Examples of polygon features that are postglacial deposits include floodplain alluvium, swamp deposits, salt-marsh and estuarine deposits, talus, coastal beach and dune deposits, and artificial fill. Examples of glacial ice-laid deposits include till, thin till, thick till and end moraine deposits. Examples of glacial melt-water deposits include gravel, sand and gravel, sand, and very fine sand, silt and clay. Additional polygon features are incorporated to define surface water areas for streams, lakes, ponds, bays, and estuaries greater than 5 acres in size. Line features describe the type of boundary between individual textural units such as a geologic contact line between two different textural units or a linear shoreline feature between a textural unit and an adjacent waterbody. Data is compiled at 1:24,000 scale and is not updated.

This data layer includes the information portrayed on the Surficial Materials Map of Connecticut (Stone, J.R., Schafer, J.P., London, E.H. and Thompson, W.B., 1992, U.S. Geological Survey special map, 2 sheets, scale 1:125,000). The Surficial Materials Map of Connecticut portrays the glacial and postglacial deposits of Connecticut in terms of their aerial extent and subsurface textural relationships. Glacial Ice-Laid Deposits (thin till, thick till, end moraine deposits) and Postglacial Deposits (alluvium, swamp deposits, marsh deposits, beach deposits, talus, and artificial fill) are differentiated from Glacial Meltwater Deposits. The meltwater deposits are further characterized using four texturally-based map units (g = gravel, sg = sand and gravel, s = sand, and f = fines). In many places a single map unit (e.g. sand) is sufficient to describe the entire meltwater section. Where more complex stratigraphic relationships exist, "stacked" map units are used to characterize the subsurface (e.g. sg/s/f - sand and gravel overlying sand overlying fines). Where postglacial deposits overlie meltwater deposits, this relationship is also described (e.g. alluvium overlying sand). Map unit definitions (Surficial Materials Polygon Code definitions, found in the metadata) provide a short description of the inferred depositional environment for each of the glacial meltwater map units. This map was compiled at 1:24,000 scale, and published at 1:125,000 scale. Connecticut Surficial Materials is a 1:24,000-scale, polygon and line feature-based layer describing the unconsolidated glacial and postglacial deposits of Connecticut in terms of their grain-size distribution (texture) as compiled at 1:24,000 scale for the Surficial Materials Map of Connecticut. Glacial meltwater deposits (stratified deposits) are particularly emphasized because these sediments are the major groundwater aquifers in the State and are also the major source of construction aggregate. These deposits are described in terms of their subsurface distribution of textures as well as their extent. The texture of meltwater deposits through their total vertical thickness in the subsurface is shown to the extent that it is known or can be inferred. In some places only one textural unit (such as SG - Sand and Gravel) describes the whole vertical extent of the meltwater deposits; in other places 'stacked units' (such as SG/S/F - Sand and Gravel overlying Sand overlying Fines) indicate changes of textural units in the subsurface. Polygon features represent individual textural (surficial material) units with attributes that describe textural unit type and size. Examples of polygon features that are postglacial deposits include floodplain alluvium, swamp deposits, salt-marsh and estuarine deposits, talus, coastal beach and dune deposits, and artificial fill. Examples of glacial ice-laid deposits include till, thin till, thick till and end moraine deposits. Examples of glacial melt-water deposits include gravel, sand and gravel, sand, and very fine sand, silt and clay. Additional polygon features are incorporated to define surface water areas for streams, lakes, ponds, bays, and estuaries greater than 5 acres in size. Line features describe the type of boundary between individual textural units such as a geologic contact line between two different textural units or a linear shoreline feature between a textural unit and an adjacent waterbody. Data is compiled at 1:24,000 scale and is not updated.

AbstractThis dataset is a subset of Surface Geology of Australia 2012, 1:1M Scale symbolised by lithography classification.The Surface Geology of Australia 1:1M scale dataset (2012 edition) is a seamless national coverage of outcrop and surficial geology, compiled for use at or around 1:1 million scale.The data maps outcropping bedrock geology and unconsolidated or poorly consolidated regolith material covering bedrock.Geological units are represented as polygon and line geometries and are attributed with information regarding stratigraphic nomenclature and hierarchy, age, lithology, and primary data source.The dataset also contains geological contacts, structural features such as faults and shears, and miscellaneous supporting lines like the boundaries of water and ice bodies.The 2012 dataset has been updated from the previous 2010 data by updating geological unit data to 2012 information in the Australian Stratigraphic Units Database, incorporating new published mapping in the Northern Territory and Queensland, and correcting errors or inconsistent data identified in the previous edition, particularly in the Phanerozoic geology of Western Australia.The attribute structure of the dataset has also been revised to be more compatible with the GeoSciML data standard, published by the IUGS Commission for Geoscience Information.The first edition of this national dataset was first released in 2008, with map data compiled largely from simplifying and edge matching existing 1:250 000 scale geological maps.Where these maps were not current, more recent source maps ranging in scale from 1:50 000 to 1:1 million were used.In some areas where the only available geological maps were old and poorly located, some repositioning of mapping using recent satellite imagery or geophysics was employed.CurrencyDate modified: December 2014Modification frequency: As neededData extentSpatial extentNorth: -8.47206°South: -58.4495°East: 171.8011°West: 67.05399°Source informationGeoscience Australia catalog entry: Surface Geology of Australia 1:1 million scale dataset 2012 editionLineage statementThe 2012 dataset has been updated from the previous 2010 data by updating geological unit data to 2012 information in the Australian Stratigraphic Units Database, incorporating new published mapping in the Northern Territory and Queensland, and correcting errors or inconsistent data identified in the previous edition, particularly in the Phanerozoic geology of Western Australia.The attribute structure of the dataset has also been revised to be more compatible with the GeoSciML data standard, published by the IUGS Commission for Geoscience Information.The first edition of this national dataset was first released in 2008, with map data compiled largely from simplifying and edge matching existing 1:250 000 scale geological maps.Where these maps were not current, more recent source maps ranging in scale from 1:50 000 to 1:1 million were used.In some areas where the only available geological maps were old and poorly located, some repositioning of mapping using recent satellite imagery or geophysics was employed.Data dictionaryAttribute nameDescriptionmapSymbolLetter symbol or code representing the geologic unitplotSymbolLetter symbol or code representing the geologic unit for display on a map. May be a simplified version of mapSymbolstratnoUnique unit number from the Australian Stratigraphic Units DatabasenameName of the geologic unitdescriptionText description of the geologic unitgeologicUnitTypeThe type of geologic unit. (eg, lithostratigraphic, chronostratigraphic, etc) Term from a controlled vocabulary.geologicUnitType_uriURI link to a controlled vocabulary term for geologic unit typegeologicHistoryText summary description of the geologic history of the geologic unitrepresentativeAge_uriURI link to a controlled vocabulary term for the representative summary age for the geologic unitrepresentativeYoungerAge_uriURI link to a controlled vocabulary term for the older named age for the geologic unitrepresentativeOlderAge_uriURI link to a controlled vocabulary term for the younger named age for the geologic unitlithologyA summary description of the lithological composition of the geologic unitrepresentativeLithology_uriURI link to a controlled vocabulary term for the primary lithological composition of the geologic unitbodyMorphologyDescription of the type of occurrence of the geologic unit (eg, pluton, dyke, sill, markerbed, vein, etc)observationMethodDescription of the observation method or compilation method used compile the mapped geologic unitidentityConfidenceDescription of the confidence in the interpretation of the geologic unitsourceText describing feature-specific details and citations to source materials, and if available providing URLs to reference material and publications describing the geologic feature. This could be a short text synopsis of key information that would also be in the metadata record referenced by metadata_uri.metadata_uriURI referring to a metadata record describing the provenance of data.mappingFrameDescription of the frame of reference of the mapped data (eg, earth surface, top of bedrock, top of Neoproterozoic basement)resolutionScaleThe denominator of the scale at which the mapped data is designed to be representedcaptureScaleThe denominator of the scale of data from which the mapped feature has been compiledcaptureDateThe date of original data capture for this mapped feature Metadata Statement - Surface Geology of Australia, 1:2.5 million scale, 2012 edition 6modifiedDateThe date of modification of this mapped feature, if applicableplotRankA numeric indicator of the intention for how this mapped feature is to be plotted on a map. (1 = normal plotting feature; 2 = non-plotting feature)mappedFeatureIDUnique identifier (URI) for the mapped line segmentgeologicUnitIDUnique identifier (URI) for the geologic unitContactGeoscience Australia, clientservices@ga.gov.au

The National Ecological Framework for Canada's "Surficial Geology by Ecoprovince” dataset contains tables that provide surficial geology information with the ecoprovince framework polygons. It provides codes that characterize surficial geology (unconsolidated geologic materials) and their English and French-language descriptions as well as information about the area and percentage of the polygon that the material occupies.

Bedrock is the solid rock at or below the land surface. Over much of Ireland, the bedrock is covered by materials such as soil and gravel. The Bedrock map shows what the land surface of Ireland would be made up of if these materials were removed. As the bedrock is commonly covered, bedrock maps are an interpretation of the available data. Geologists map and record information on the composition and structure of rock outcrops (rock which can be seen on the land surface) and boreholes (a deep narrow round hole drilled in the ground). Areas are drawn on a map to show the distribution of rocks. A borehole is any hole drilled or dug into the ground. The hole is usually deep, narrow and round. The material (soil and or rock) from the hole is collected and tested in a laboratory to find out the structure and type of the soil and or rock beneath the ground. A borehole record or log is a written description of the material that comes out of the ground as a result of drilling a borehole. Bedrock boreholes are usually deep (can reach up to 1000m). We drill boreholes to improve and update our bedrock, quaternary sediments and groundwater maps. We store the samples (core) and these are available to view by appointment. We’re in the process of scanning all the core and the images will be available online when completed. The Geological Lines layer shows the details of the structural geology; faults, folds and unconformities. Faults and folds are the result of great pressure being applied to rock across a whole continent or more. These rocks will either break under the pressure, forming faults, or they will bend to form folds. Faults are recorded in the Geological Lines layer as lines where the break in the rock meets the surface. Folds are shown only using the lines of their axes, synclinal (where the rock folds downwards) and anticlinal (where the rock folds upwards). Unconformities are where there is a gap in the rock record, typically where rock has been eroded away in the past and a new rock deposited on top.Geologists map and record information on the structural geology. Lines are drawn on a map to show the location and extent of these structures. The structural symbols layer is used to describe the geology of an area through dip and strike information. Dip and strike describe the behaviour of the rock bedding plane. To describe a geometric plane two values are required; the angle from horizontal that it is dipping and the direction that it is dipping. Geologists describe the dip direction by the strike value; this is the azimuth perpendicular to the steepest dip of the plane.The measurements that this layer contains give information about the geometry of the rock units under the ground. These measurements are the only way to see if the rocks are folded and faulted and how. With this information we can also start to see why the rocks have the shapes that they do.To produce this dataset, the bedrock geology 1:100,000 map was clipped to the Cork GeoUrban Area. Historical information was compiled from mineral exploration reports and old geology maps. This new information was used to re-interpret the geology.This map is to the scale 1:50,000. This means it should be viewed at that scale. When printed at that scale 1cm on the map relates to a distance of 500 m.It is a vector dataset. Vector data portray the world using points, lines, and polygons (areas).The bedrock data is shown as polygons. Each polygon holds information on the rock unit name, its description, stratigraphy code (rock layers with age profile), lithology code (rock type) and map sheet number. Each polygon is linked to the bedrock lexicon table which has more detailed information such as a definition of the rock unit, rock types, age, thickness and other comments.The geological line data is shown as lines. Each line holds information on: description of the line, bedrock 100k map sheet number, style and label information. Other information if relevant such as name, stratigraphy code (rock layers with age profile) & lithology code (rock type). Each line is linked to the bedrock linework lexicon table which has more detailed information such as a definition of the rock unit, rock types, age, thickness and other comments. The structural symbols data is shown as points. Each point holds information on: the dip angle and direction, the strike angle and a description.The outcrop data is shown as polygons. The borehole data is shown as points. Each point holds information on the location of the borehole (X and Y coordinates), Borehole ID (borehole identifier), the length of the hole (metres), the angle the hole was drilled, azimuth (direction the hole was drilled), comments, county, 1:50,000 sheet number, prospecting licence number (PL), data source and contains a url to download a PDF of the borehole log.

The National Ecological Framework for Canada's "Surficial Geology by Ecodistrict” dataset contains tables that provide surficial geology information with the ecodistrict framework polygons. It provides codes that characterize surficial geology (unconsolidated geologic materials) and their English and French-language descriptions as well as information about the area and percentage of the polygon that the material occupies.