Abstract

The World Bank Enterprise Survey (WBES) is a firm-level survey of a representative sample of an economy's private sector. The surveys cover a broad range of topics related to the business environment including access to finance, corruption, infrastructure, competition, and performance.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

The primary sampling unit of the study is the establishment. An establishment is a physical location where business is carried out and where industrial operations take place or services are provided. A firm may be composed of one or more establishments. For example, a brewery may have several bottling plants and several establishments for distribution. For the purposes of this survey an establishment must make its own financial decisions and have its own financial statements separate from those of the firm. An establishment must also have its own management and control over its payroll.

Universe

The universe of inference includes all formal (i.e., registered) private sector businesses (with at least 1% private ownership) and with at least five employees. In terms of sectoral criteria, all manufacturing businesses (ISIC Rev 4. codes 10-33) are eligible; for services businesses, those corresponding to the ISIC Rev 4 codes 41-43, 45-47, 49-53, 55-56, 58, 61-62, 69-75, 79, and 95 are included in the Enterprise Surveys. Cooperatives and collectives are excluded from the Enterprise Surveys. All eligible establishments must be registered with the registration agency. In the case of Indonesia, registration are those establishments in possession of TDP (Company registration Certificate)/NIB (Business Identification Number). Both TDP and NIB are included as the implementation of the Omnibus Law on Job Creation from 2020 was being implemented and businesses were transitioning to the new definitions.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The WBES use stratified random sampling, where the population of establishments is first separated into non-overlapping groups, called strata, and then respondents are selected through simple random sampling from each stratum. The detailed methodology is provided in the Sampling Note (https://www.enterprisesurveys.org/content/dam/enterprisesurveys/documents/methodology/Sampling_Note-Consolidated-2-16-22.pdf). Stratified random sampling has several advantages over simple random sampling. In particular, it:

• produces unbiased estimates of the whole population or universe of inference, as well as at the levels of stratification
• ensures representativeness by including observations in all of those categories
• produces more precise estimates for a given sample size or budget allocation, and
• may reduce implementation costs by splitting the population into convenient subdivisions.

The WBES typically use three levels of stratification: industry classification, establishment size, and subnational region (used in combination). Starting in 2022, the WBES bases the industry classification on ISIC Rev. 4 (with earlier surveys using ISIC Rev. 3.1). For regional coverage within a country, the WBES has national coverage.

Note: Refer to Sampling Structure section in "The Indonesia 2023 World Bank Enterprise Survey Implementation Report" for detailed methodology on sampling.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The standard WBES questionnaire covers several topics regarding the business environment and business performance. These topics include general firm characteristics, infrastructure, sales and supplies, management practices, competition, innovation, capacity, land and permits, finance, business-government relations, exposure to bribery, labor, and performance. Information about the general structure of the questionnaire is available in the Enterprise Surveys Manual and Guide (https://www.enterprisesurveys.org/content/dam/enterprisesurveys/documents/methodology/Enterprise-Surveys-Manual-and-Guide.pdf).

In addition to the standard set of questions administered to all respondents, the sample was randomly split with two different modules that cover different set of questions: Version A – B-Ready contains additional questions tailored for the Business Ready Report covering infrastructure, trade, government regulations, finance, labor, and other topics. Version B – Green Economy and Taxation covers questions with regards to taxes, green economy, and maternity policies.

The different modules in the dataset are reflected in variable q_version.

Response rate

Overall survey response rate was 41.2%.

The East Asian Social Survey (EASS) is a biennial social survey project that serves as a cross-national network of the following four General Social Survey type surveys in East Asia: Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS), Japanese General Social Survey (JGSS), Korean General Social Survey (KGSS), Taiwan Social Change Survey (TSCS), and comparatively examines diverse aspects of social life in these regions. Survey information in this module focused on issues that affected overall health, such as specific conditions, physical functioning, aid received from family members or friends when needed, and lifestyle choices. Topics included activities respondents were able to perform and how they were affected socially in light of specific physical and mental health conditions. Respondents were asked to provide health conditions they were suffering from, such as hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, and how these conditions were limiting with respect to general health, physical functioning, emotional and mental health, as well as social functioning. Other topics included participation and frequency of lifestyle habits that affected overall health, as well as how often respondents visited the doctor. Respondents were also queried on whether they sought out alternative, non-traditional homeopathic care and whether family, friends, or co-workers listened to their personal problems and provided support financially. Additional topics include the environment and pollution, neighborhood amenities, fear of aging, addiction, and body image. Demographic information specific to the respondent and their spouse includes age, sex, marital status, education, employment status and hours worked, occupation, earnings and income, religion, class, size of community, and region.

The 1966-2023 North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) dataset contains avian point count data for more than 700 North American bird taxa (species, races, and unidentified species groupings). These data are collected annually during the breeding season, primarily in June, along thousands of randomly established roadside survey routes in the United States and Canada. Routes are roughly 24.5 miles (39.2 km) long with counting locations placed at approximately half-mile (800-m) intervals, for a total of 50 stops. At each stop, a citizen scientist highly skilled in avian identification conducts a 3-minute point count, recording all birds seen within a quarter-mile (400-m) radius and all birds heard. Surveys begin 30 minutes before local sunrise and take approximately 5 hours to complete. Routes are surveyed once per year, with the total number of routes sampled per year growing over time; just over 500 routes were sampled in 1966, while in recent decades approximately 3000 routes have been sampled annually. No data are provided for 2020. BBS field activities were cancelled in 2020 because of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) global pandemic and observers were directed to not sample routes. In addition to avian count data, this dataset also contains survey date, survey start and end times, start and end weather conditions, a unique observer identification number, route identification information, and route location information including country, state, and BCR, as well as geographic coordinates of route start point, and an indicator of run data quality.

The National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses (NSSRN) Download makes data from the survey readily available to users in a one-stop download. The Survey has been conducted approximately every four years since 1977. For each survey year, HRSA has prepared two Public Use File databases in flat ASCII file format without delimiters. The 2008 data are also offerred in SAS and SPSS formats. Information likely to point to an individual in a sparsely-populated county has been withheld. General Public Use Files are State-based and provide information on nurses without identifying the County and Metropolitan Area in which they live or work. County Public Use Files provide most, but not all, the same information on the nurse from the General Public Use File, and also identifies the County and Metropolitan Areas in which the nurses live or work. NSSRN data are to be used for research purposes only and may not be used in any manner to identify individual respondents.

Abstract

The Country Opinion Survey in Serbia assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in gaining a better understanding of how stakeholders in Serbia perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Serbia on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Serbia; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Serbia; 3) overall impressions of the WBG’s effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Serbia; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG’s future role in Serbia.

Geographic coverage

Belgrade and other regions

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

From March 2023 to May 2023, a total of 244 stakeholders of the WBG in Serbia were invited to provide their opinions about the WBG’s work in the country by participating in a Country Opinion Survey (COS) . Participants were drawn from the Office of the President, Prime Minister, or Minister; government institutions; local governments; bilateral / multilateral agencies; the private sector; civil society; academia, research institutes, think tanks, and the media.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

The survey was implemented in English and Serbian.

Response rate

The response rate was 36.9% Comparing responses across Country Surveys reflects changes in attitudes over time, as well as changes in respondent samples and changes to the survey instrument itself. To reduce the influence of the latter factor, only those questions with similar response scales/options are analyzed.

Pew Research Center conducted random probability-based surveys among a total of 10,390 adults (ages 18 and older) in five places: Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and Vietnam. Interviewing in Japan, South Korea and Taiwan was carried out under the direction of Langer Research Associates, and interviewing in Hong Kong and Vietnam was carried out under the direction of D3 Systems. In Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan, interviews were conducted via computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI). In Vietnam, interviews were administered face-to-face using tablet devices, also known as computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI). All surveys were conducted between June 2 and Sept. 17, 2023.

This project was produced by Pew Research Center as part of the Pew-Templeton Global Religious Futures project, which analyzes religious change and its impact on societies around the world. Funding for the Global Religious Futures project comes from The Pew Charitable Trusts and the John Templeton Foundation (grant 62287). This publication does not necessarily reflect the views of the John Templeton Foundation.

As of June 2024, one report has been published that focuses on the findings from this data: Religion and Spirituality in East Asian Societies: https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2024/06/17/religion-and-spirituality-in-east-asian-societies

The American Values Survey (AVS) is "https://www.prri.org/" Target="_blank">Public Religion Research Institute's (PRRI) annual multi-issue survey on religion, culture and public policy. The survey is conducted in the fall each year. The goal of PRRI is to help journalists, scholars, pundits, thought leaders, clergy and the public better understand debates on public policy and the religious and cultural atmosphere that is shaping American politics and society.

The PRRI 2020 American Values Survey was conducted via telephone interviews of a random sample of 2,538 adults living in the United States. They survey studies public views on issues, including attitudes regarding United States immigration policy, the performance of Republicans, Democrats and the president and America's ability to set a good moral example in the world today.

Eurofound Income indicators is a section of the Eurofound interactive database on quality of life in Europe. Its website offers quantitative and quantified indicators drawn from surveys of the European Foundation and other published sources. The data cover 34 countries.

These data reflect results of a household survey implemented in the summer of 2014. The survey randomly sampled households from 23 neighborhoods (census block groups) across 12 cities and 3 counties. Neighborhoods were purposively selected to represent different configurations of social, built, and natural environmental characteristics using the "iUTAH Urban Typology" (https://www.hydroshare.org/resource/84f00a1d8ae641a8af2d994a74f4ccfb/). Data were collected using a drop-off/pick-up methodology, and produced an overall response rate of over 62% (~2,400 respondents). The questionnaire included detailed questions related to household water use and landscaping behaviors, perceptions of water supply and quality, participation in water based recreation, concerns about water issues, and preferences for a range of local and state water policies.

Here we are making public an anonymized version of the large household survey dataset. To protect the identity of respondents, we have removed a few variables and truncated other variables.

Files included here: englishsurveys and spanishsurveys: These folders contain the survey questionnaires used specific to each neighborhood. Codebook in various formats: Tables (xls and csv files) with a list and definition of questions/variables, which correspond to the columns in the data files, and the encoding of the responses. Dataset in various formats: Tables (csv, xls, sas, sav, dta files) containing numeric responses to each question. Each participant's responses correspond to a row of data. Each question corresponds to a column of data. Interpretation of the coded responses is found in the data codebook. Maps: maps of the neighborhoods surveyed. SummaryReports: Summaries of the results that compare across three counties, summary reports for each county, highlight reports for each city.

Summary reports are also available at http://data.iutahepscor.org/mdf/Data/household_survey/ including an overall report that provides comparisons of how these vary across the three counties where we collected data (Cache, Salt Lake, and Wasatch) as well as summary reports for each county and highlights reports for each city.

The World Health Survey was implemented by WHO in 2002–2004 in partnership with 70 countries to generate information on the health of adult populations and health systems. The total sample size in these cross-sectional studies includes over 300,000 individuals. Survey materials and data are available through the WHO World Health Survey Data Archive accessible from the WHS webpage. (From the WHO World Health Survey webpage).

The Office of Personnel Management requires government agencies, at a minimum, to query employees on job satisfaction, organizational assessment and organizational culture. VHA maintains response data for all census surveys such as the Voice of VA as well as the VA Entrance and Exit surveys.

Note: The Board of Governors has discontinued the Survey of Terms of Business Lending (STBL) and the associated E.2 release. The final STBL was conducted in May 2017, and the final E.2 was released on August 2, 2017. The STBL has been replaced by a new Small Business Lending Survey that commenced in February 2018. The new survey is being managed and administered by the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City. Results from this new survey can be found here.

Abstract

Different countries have different health outcomes that are in part due to the way respective health systems perform. Regardless of the type of health system, individuals will have health and non-health expectations in terms of how the institution responds to their needs. In many countries, however, health systems do not perform effectively and this is in part due to lack of information on health system performance, and on the different service providers.

The aim of the WHO World Health Survey is to provide empirical data to the national health information systems so that there is a better monitoring of health of the people, responsiveness of health systems and measurement of health-related parameters.

The overall aims of the survey is to examine the way populations report their health, understand how people value health states, measure the performance of health systems in relation to responsiveness and gather information on modes and extents of payment for health encounters through a nationally representative population based community survey. In addition, it addresses various areas such as health care expenditures, adult mortality, birth history, various risk factors, assessment of main chronic health conditions and the coverage of health interventions, in specific additional modules.

The objectives of the survey programme are to: 1. develop a means of providing valid, reliable and comparable information, at low cost, to supplement the information provided by routine health information systems. 2. build the evidence base necessary for policy-makers to monitor if health systems are achieving the desired goals, and to assess if additional investment in health is achieving the desired outcomes. 3. provide policy-makers with the evidence they need to adjust their policies, strategies and programmes as necessary.

Geographic coverage

The survey sampling frame must cover 100% of the country's eligible population, meaning that the entire national territory must be included. This does not mean that every province or territory need be represented in the survey sample but, rather, that all must have a chance (known probability) of being included in the survey sample.

There may be exceptional circumstances that preclude 100% national coverage. Certain areas in certain countries may be impossible to include due to reasons such as accessibility or conflict. All such exceptions must be discussed with WHO sampling experts. If any region must be excluded, it must constitute a coherent area, such as a particular province or region. For example if ¾ of region D in country X is not accessible due to war, the entire region D will be excluded from analysis.

Analysis unit

Households and individuals

Universe

The WHS will include all male and female adults (18 years of age and older) who are not out of the country during the survey period. It should be noted that this includes the population who may be institutionalized for health reasons at the time of the survey: all persons who would have fit the definition of household member at the time of their institutionalisation are included in the eligible population.

If the randomly selected individual is institutionalized short-term (e.g. a 3-day stay at a hospital) the interviewer must return to the household when the individual will have come back to interview him/her. If the randomly selected individual is institutionalized long term (e.g. has been in a nursing home the last 8 years), the interviewer must travel to that institution to interview him/her.

The target population includes any adult, male or female age 18 or over living in private households. Populations in group quarters, on military reservations, or in other non-household living arrangements will not be eligible for the study. People who are in an institution due to a health condition (such as a hospital, hospice, nursing home, home for the aged, etc.) at the time of the visit to the household are interviewed either in the institution or upon their return to their household if this is within a period of two weeks from the first visit to the household.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

SAMPLING GUIDELINES FOR WHS

Surveys in the WHS program must employ a probability sampling design. This means that every single individual in the sampling frame has a known and non-zero chance of being selected into the survey sample. While a Single Stage Random Sample is ideal if feasible, it is recognized that most sites will carry out Multi-stage Cluster Sampling.

The WHS sampling frame should cover 100% of the eligible population in the surveyed country. This means that every eligible person in the country has a chance of being included in the survey sample. It also means that particular ethnic groups or geographical areas may not be excluded from the sampling frame.

The sample size of the WHS in each country is 5000 persons (exceptions considered on a by-country basis). An adequate number of persons must be drawn from the sampling frame to account for an estimated amount of non-response (refusal to participate, empty houses etc.). The highest estimate of potential non-response and empty households should be used to ensure that the desired sample size is reached at the end of the survey period. This is very important because if, at the end of data collection, the required sample size of 5000 has not been reached additional persons must be selected randomly into the survey sample from the sampling frame. This is both costly and technically complicated (if this situation is to occur, consult WHO sampling experts for assistance), and best avoided by proper planning before data collection begins.

All steps of sampling, including justification for stratification, cluster sizes, probabilities of selection, weights at each stage of selection, and the computer program used for randomization must be communicated to WHO

STRATIFICATION

Stratification is the process by which the population is divided into subgroups. Sampling will then be conducted separately in each subgroup. Strata or subgroups are chosen because evidence is available that they are related to the outcome (e.g. health, responsiveness, mortality, coverage etc.). The strata chosen will vary by country and reflect local conditions. Some examples of factors that can be stratified on are geography (e.g. North, Central, South), level of urbanization (e.g. urban, rural), socio-economic zones, provinces (especially if health administration is primarily under the jurisdiction of provincial authorities), or presence of health facility in area. Strata to be used must be identified by each country and the reasons for selection explicitly justified.

Stratification is strongly recommended at the first stage of sampling. Once the strata have been chosen and justified, all stages of selection will be conducted separately in each stratum. We recommend stratifying on 3-5 factors. It is optimum to have half as many strata (note the difference between stratifying variables, which may be such variables as gender, socio-economic status, province/region etc. and strata, which are the combination of variable categories, for example Male, High socio-economic status, Xingtao Province would be a stratum).

Strata should be as homogenous as possible within and as heterogeneous as possible between. This means that strata should be formulated in such a way that individuals belonging to a stratum should be as similar to each other with respect to key variables as possible and as different as possible from individuals belonging to a different stratum. This maximises the efficiency of stratification in reducing sampling variance.

MULTI-STAGE CLUSTER SELECTION

A cluster is a naturally occurring unit or grouping within the population (e.g. enumeration areas, cities, universities, provinces, hospitals etc.); it is a unit for which the administrative level has clear, nonoverlapping boundaries. Cluster sampling is useful because it avoids having to compile exhaustive lists of every single person in the population. Clusters should be as heterogeneous as possible within and as homogenous as possible between (note that this is the opposite criterion as that for strata). Clusters should be as small as possible (i.e. large administrative units such as Provinces or States are not good clusters) but not so small as to be homogenous.

In cluster sampling, a number of clusters are randomly selected from a list of clusters. Then, either all members of the chosen cluster or a random selection from among them are included in the sample. Multistage sampling is an extension of cluster sampling where a hierarchy of clusters are chosen going from larger to smaller.

In order to carry out multi-stage sampling, one needs to know only the population sizes of the sampling units. For the smallest sampling unit above the elementary unit however, a complete list of all elementary units (households) is needed; in order to be able to randomly select among all households in the TSU, a list of all those households is required. This information may be available from the most recent population census. If the last census was >3 years ago or the information furnished by it was of poor quality or unreliable, the survey staff will have the task of enumerating all households in the smallest randomly selected sampling unit. It is very important to budget for this step if it is necessary and ensure that all households are properly enumerated in order that a representative sample is obtained.

It is always best to have as many clusters in the PSU as possible. The reason for this is that the fewer the number of respondents in each PSU, the lower will be the clustering effect which

Abstract

The Country Opinion Survey in Sri Lanka assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in gaining a better understanding of how stakeholders in Sri Lanka perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Sri Lanka on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Sri Lanka; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Sri Lanka; 3) overall impressions of the WBG’s effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Sri Lanka; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG’s future role in Sri Lanka.

Geographic coverage

• Western Province
• Eastern Province
• Northern Province
• Southern Province
• North Western Province
• Central Province
• Uva Province
• Sabaragamuwa Province
• North Central Province

Analysis unit

Stakeholder

Universe

Opinion leaders from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

From June to August 2021, 541 stakeholders of the WBG in Sri Lanka were invited to provide their opinions on the WBG’s work in the country by participating in a Country Opinion Survey. Participants were drawn from the Office of the President, Prime Minister; office of a Minister; office of a Parliamentarian; employees of ministries/ministerial departments/implementation agencies; Project Management Units (PMUs) overseeing implementation of WBG projects; consultants/contractors working on WBG-supported projects/programs; local governments; independent government institutions; the judiciary; state-owned enterprises; bilateral and multilateral agencies; private sector organizations; the financial sector and private banks; private foundations; NGOs and community-based organizations; faith-based groups; youth groups; academia/research institutes/think tanks; and the media.

Mode of data collection

Other [oth]

Research instrument

English, Sinhala and Tamil.

Response rate

47%

Abstract

Since its inception in the mid-1990s, the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys programme, known as MICS, has become the largest source of statistically sound and internationally comparable data on children and women worldwide. In countries as diverse as Bangladesh, Thailand, Fiji, Qatar, Cote d’Ivoire, Turkmenistan and Argentina, trained fieldwork teams conduct face-to-face interviews with household members on a variety of topics – focusing mainly on those issues that directly affect the lives of children and women. MICS is an integral part of plans and policies of many governments around the world, and a major data source for more than 30 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) indicators. The MICS programme continues to evolve with new methodologies and initiatives, including MICS Plus, MICS Link, MICS GIS and the MICS Tabulator.

Geographic coverage

Viet Nam The majority of MICS surveys are designed to be representative at the national level. Sample sizes are sufficient to generate robust data at the regional or provincial levels, and for urban and rural areas. Subnational surveys, covering specific population groups (such as Palestinians in Lebanon) or specific geographical areas (such as selected regions of East in Afghanistan) within countries are also conducted.

Analysis unit

Household, Individual

Sampling procedure

Sample sizes vary greatly from one survey to the other, currently averaging around 12,000 households (for national surveys).

The sample for the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) was designed to provide estimates on a large number of indicators on the situation of children and women at the national level, for areas of residence, and for geographical locations, such as regions, governorates, or districts. A multi-stage, stratified cluster sampling approach was typickly used for the selection of the survey sample. MICS6 surveys are not self-weighting. For reporting national level results, sample weights were used. A more detailed description of the sample design can be found in Appendix A of Final Report.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) implemented an online survey using Smartsheet. The survey was accessible through URL (tinyurl.com/cassicharlotte) and Quick Response (QR) codes at the shuttle stops and inside the shuttle during the pilot period (July 12-December 21, 2024). 62 responses were collected in total. 59 respondents rode the shuttle and three respondents did not ride the shuttle.NCDOT partnered with UNC Charlotte to bring the Connected Autonomous Shuttle Supporting Innovation (CASSI) program to the campus. Please see NCDOT's CASSI webpage for additional information about the program.Please look to the CASSI_NCDOT_UNC_Charlotte_Open_Data_Portal_Documentation_20240712.pdf file in the Attachments section below for a record of all data cleaning and quality control practices conducted and to the Dataset Schema section for descriptions of the columns present.

The CYI Survey invites employees to voluntarily disclose how they self-identify based on questions related to Indigenous identity, Black identity, gender, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation and if they identify as a person with a disability. The data displays the diversity within the workforce at the City of Toronto. The goal of the survey is to track progress towards realizing the City's Motto "Diversity Our Strength", and to continuously monitor and socialize diversity data across the City, in order to help inform decision-making and address gaps in representation across all levels at the City. About the Datasets The following datasets were collected through the City's CYI Workforce survey between 2013 and 2024. The data has been reported in aggregate formats that do not allow for the identification of individual employees. First Nations, Inuit, and Metis Data The City is working with an external working group of First Nations, Inuit, and Métis (FNIM) advisors to develop a framework for the collection and use of FNIM data. While this framework is in development, Indigenous data from CYI surveys conducted in 2022, 2023, and 2024 will not be made available until Ownership, Control, Access, and Possession (OCAP) and United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) principles have been applied. However, Indigenous data from 2018, 2019, 2020 and 2021 is still available. For questions related to the implications or considerations of the framework’s development, please contact dataequity@toronto.ca

The National Survey of American Life, 2001-2003 (NSAL) was followed up by a self-administered interview (NSAL SAQ) as a way to reduce respondent burden following the 2 1/2 hour NSAL survey. The SAQ includes additional questions about social, group, and individual characteristics: psychological resources (i.e., John Henryism), group and personal identity (racial awareness and identity), as well as ideology and racial relations (i.e., social dominance; stratification beliefs; egalitarianism; national pride; work ethic; authoritarian, interracial contact; and exposure to Black social contexts); political attitudes (i.e., Race-conscious Policy Index, Race-blind Policy Index, Non-Electoral Participation Index); care of elderly values; job and financial stressors; and wealth. Demographic variables include age, race, and sex.

The journal publishes articles dealing with various aspects of statistical development relevant to a statistical agency, such as design issues in the context of practical constraints, use of different data sources and collection techniques, total survey error, survey evaluation, research in survey methodology, time series analysis, seasonal adjustment, demographic studies, data integration, estimation and data analysis methods, and general survey systems development. The emphasis is placed on the development and evaluation of specific methodologies as applied to data collection or the data themselves.