Abstract

The World Bank Enterprise Survey (WBES) is a firm-level survey of a representative sample of an economy's private sector. The surveys cover a broad range of topics related to the business environment including access to finance, corruption, infrastructure, competition, and performance.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

The primary sampling unit of the study is the establishment. An establishment is a physical location where business is carried out and where industrial operations take place or services are provided. A firm may be composed of one or more establishments. For example, a brewery may have several bottling plants and several establishments for distribution. For the purposes of this survey an establishment must make its own financial decisions and have its own financial statements separate from those of the firm. An establishment must also have its own management and control over its payroll.

Universe

All formal (i.e., registered) private sector businesses (with at least 1% private ownership) and with at least five employees. In terms of sectoral criteria, all manufacturing businesses (ISIC Rev 4. codes 10-33) are eligible; for services businesses, those corresponding to the ISIC Rev 4 codes 41-43, 45-47, 49-53, 55-56, 58, 61-62, 69-75, 79, and 95 are included in the Enterprise Surveys. Cooperatives and collectives are excluded from the Enterprise Surveys. All eligible establishments must be registered with the registration agency. In the case of the Philippines, the listing from the PSA’s List of Establishments (LE), a registrar of businesses operating in the Philippines, was used. The registration agency is the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The WBES use stratified random sampling, where the population of establishments is first separated into non-overlapping groups, called strata, and then respondents are selected through simple random sampling from each stratum. The detailed methodology is provided in the Sampling Note (https://www.enterprisesurveys.org/content/dam/enterprisesurveys/documents/methodology/Sampling_Note-Consolidated-2-16-22.pdf). Stratified random sampling has several advantages over simple random sampling. In particular, it:

• produces unbiased estimates of the whole population or universe of inference, as well as at the levels of stratification
• ensures representativeness by including observations in all of those categories
• produces more precise estimates for a given sample size or budget allocation, and
• may reduce implementation costs by splitting the population into convenient subdivisions.

The WBES typically use three levels of stratification: industry classification, establishment size, and subnational region (used in combination). Starting in 2022, the WBES bases the industry classification on ISIC Rev. 4 (with earlier surveys using ISIC Rev. 3.1). For regional coverage within a country, the WBES has national coverage.

Note: Refer to Sampling Structure section in "The Philippines 2024 World Bank Enterprise Survey Green Economy Implementation Report" for detailed methodology on sampling.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The standard WBES questionnaire covers several topics regarding the business environment and business performance. These topics include general firm characteristics, infrastructure, sales and supplies, management practices, competition, innovation, capacity, land and permits, finance, business-government relations, exposure to bribery, labor, and performance. Information about the general structure of the questionnaire is available in the Enterprise Surveys Manual and Guide (https://www.enterprisesurveys.org/content/dam/enterprisesurveys/documents/methodology/Enterprise-Surveys-Manual-and-Guide.pdf).

The questionnaire implemented in the Philippines 2024 WBES Green Economy included additional questions tailored for the Business Ready Report covering infrastructure, trade, government regulations, finance, labor, and other topics.

Response rate

Overall survey response rate was 76.4%.

Abstract

The Future of Business Survey is a new source of information on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Launched in February 2016, the monthly survey - a partnership between Facebook, OECD, and The World Bank - provides a timely pulse on the economic environment in which businesses operate and who those businesses are to help inform decision-making at all levels and to deliver insights that can help businesses grow. The Future of Business Survey provides a perspective from newer and long-standing digitalized businesses and provides a unique window into a new mobilized economy.

Policymakers, researchers and businesses share a common interest in the environment in which SMEs operate, as well their outlook on the future, not least because young and innovative SMEs in particular are often an important source of considerable economic and employment growth. Better insights and timely information about SMEs improve our understanding of economic trends, and can provide new insights that can further stimulate and help these businesses grow.

To help provide these insights, Facebook, OECD and The World Bank have collaborated to develop a monthly survey that attempts to improve our understanding of SMEs in a timely and forward-looking manner. The three organizations share a desire to create new ways to hear from businesses and help them succeed in the emerging digitally-connected economy. The shared goal is to help policymakers, researchers, and businesses better understand business sentiment, and to leverage a digital platform to provide a unique source of information to complement existing indicators.

With more businesses leveraging online tools each day, the survey provides a lens into a new mobilized, digital economy and, in particular, insights on the actors: a relatively unmeasured community worthy of deeper consideration and considerable policy interest.

Geographic coverage

Argentina Australia Belgium Brazil Canada Colombia Egypt France Germany Ghana India Indonesia Ireland Israel Italy Kenya Mexico Nigeria Pakistan Philippines (the) Poland Portugal Russian Federation (the) South Africa Spain Taiwan Turkey United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the) United States of America (the) Viet Nam

Analysis unit

The study describes small and medium-sized enterprises.

Universe

The target population consists of SMEs that have an active Facebook business Page and include both newer and longer-standing businesses, spanning across a variety of sectors. With more businesses leveraging online tools each day, the survey provides a lens into a new mobilized, digital economy and, in particular, insights on the actors: a relatively unmeasured community worthy of deeper consideration and considerable policy interest.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Twice a year in over 97 countries, the Facebook Survey Team sends the Future of Business to admins and owners of Facebook-designated small business pages. When we share data from this survey, we anonymize responses to all survey questions and only share country-level data publicly. To achieve better representation of the broader small business population, we also weight our results based on known characteristics of the Facebook Page admin population.

A random sample of firms, representing the target population in each country, is selected to respond to the Future of Business Survey each month.

Mode of data collection

Internet [int]

Research instrument

The survey includes questions about perceptions of current and future economic activity, challenges, business characteristics and strategy. Custom modules include questions related to regulation, access to finance, digital payments, and digital skills. The full questionnaire is available for download.

Response rate

Response rates to online surveys vary widely depending on a number of factors including survey length, region, strength of the relationship with invitees, incentive mechanisms, invite copy, interest of respondents in the topic and survey design.

Note: Response rates are calculated as the number of respondents who completed the survey divided by the total number of SMEs invited.

Sampling error estimates

Any survey data is prone to several forms of error and biases that need to be considered to understand how closely the results reflect the intended population. In particular, the following components of the total survey error are noteworthy:

Sampling error is a natural characteristic of every survey based on samples and reflects the uncertainty in any survey result that is attributable to the fact that not the whole population is surveyed.

Other factors beyond sampling error that contribute to such potential differences are frame or coverage error (sampling frame of page owners does not include all relevant businesses but also may include individuals that don't represent businesses), and nonresponse error.

Note that the sample is meant to reflect the population of businesses on Facebook, not the population of small businesses in general. This group of digitized SMEs is itself a community worthy of deeper consideration and of considerable policy interest. However, care should be taken when extrapolating to the population of SMEs in general. Moreover, future work should evaluate the external validity of the sample. Particularly, respondents should be compared to the broader population of SMEs on Facebook, and the economy as a whole.

United States Consumer Confidence: Current Index data was reported at 38.471 Index in Jan 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 38.436 Index for Dec 2022. United States Consumer Confidence: Current Index data is updated monthly, averaging 46.474 Index from Jan 2002 (Median) to Jan 2023, with 253 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 57.063 Index in May 2018 and a record low of 27.208 Index in Mar 2009. United States Consumer Confidence: Current Index data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ipsos Group S.A.. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.IPSOS: Consumer Confidence Survey.

The table 2004 (Part 2) Economic Development Survey is part of the dataset Economic Development Survey, available at https://stanford.redivis.com/datasets/62h7-ac4qhzm2p. It contains 726 rows across 166 variables.

The Annual Survey of Manufactures (ASM) provides key intercensal measures of manufacturing activity, products, and location for the public and private sectors. The ASM provides the best current measure of current U.S. manufacturing industry outputs, inputs, and operating status, and is the primary basis for updates of the Longitudinal Research Database (LRD). Census Bureau staff and academic researchers with sworn agent status use the LRD for micro data analysis.

Abstract

A comprehensive and detailed statistical database of any economic activity is a prerequisite for planning and policy making and this applies to economic activities that play a major role in most modern world economies.

The Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics is pleased to issue the Economic Survey of Palestine, including statistical tables of findings. This edition presents the findings of the surveys conducted for 2019 as the reference year and covers most of the economic activities operating in Palestine since 1994. Economic surveys of various fields constitute the basic foundations for the compilation of National Accounts for Palestine

Geographic coverage

Palestine

Analysis unit

Enterprises

Universe

The economic survey series was conducted based on the Establishments Census of 2019 as a sampling frame. The economic surveys series covered activities in accordance with ISIC-4 (fifth digits).

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sample is One-Stage Stratified Systematic Random Sample (without replacement).

Sample Strata Three levels are used to divide the population into strata: 1. Region (North of the West Bank in addition to Jericho Governorate, Ramallah and Al-Bireh Governorate, Jerusalem Governorate, Bethlehem Governorate, Hebron Governorate, Gaza Strip) 2. Strata were created based on the fourth digit of ISIC-4, excluding services sector based on the second in which every activity presents an actual stratum. 3. Enterprise size (small, medium, large) by number of employees.

13,974 enterprises were reached of which 10,602 enterprises responded on financial questions (baseline of economic indicators)

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

All of the economic surveys series used the same questionnaire, with a few different characteristics for each survey. The design of the 2019 questionnaire takes into account the major economic variables pertaining to the sector examined and the needs to be met to compile the National Accounts for Palestine. The questionnaire included these variables: 1. The employed persons in enterprise and compensation of these employees. 2. Value of output from the main activity and secondary activity. 3. Production inputs of goods and services.

Cleaning operations

Data processing went through several phases since the beginning of the preparation of data collection on 21/06/2020 until the end of the fieldwork on 30/11/2020. This process included the following phases:

1. Programming Phase The data collection application was prepared by the IT staff at PCBS.

IT staff tested the application with the project director and all comments and updates were implemented, skips between questions, and some verification rules were also tested, a final version of the application was provided on time.

1. Training Phase All materials were prepared and included in the training manual on the requirements of data processing during fieldwork. The training halls were well prepared and contained microphones and a Wi-Fi. Training for Gaza Strip was carried out separately.

2. Verification Phase All verifications and consistency checks were applied to PC-Tablet applications. An error message pops up when entering a wrong value and some error messages show up in red for sensitive questions. The project coordinator tested the application by entering pilot questionnaires. In addition, there was a pretest by project director before collecting the data.

3. Other Data Processing Issues

· PC-Tablets: In general, PC-tablets were user friendly and familiar. During training, every interviewer was trained on a PC-tablet for their own use

· Data Collection Application (Survey Solution): The application was well designed and had a user friendly interface. Nevertheless, a programmer needed to be available when an error occurred by any of the supervisors and interviewers.

· Internet Connection (Wi-Fi): During the training, internet connection was available for trainers and trainees. During fieldwork, 81 SIM cards with internet connection were provided for each PC-tablet by Jawwal Company during data collection process.

· Administration Website: The website was friendly designed and easy to use, as it shows totals of completed questionnaire by interviewers.

Supervisors were supplied by PCBS with four PC-tablets operating on Windows operations system to review and follow up on the data and to fill the sections they were responsible for.

Response rate

Response rate:84.0%.

Sampling error estimates

Sampling Errors Data of this survey were affected by sampling errors due to use of the sample. Variance was calculated for the most important indicators, accordingly, it is possible to disseminate the results at regional level.

Non Sampling Error These types of errors could appear on one or on all of the survey stages that include data collection and data entry; they related to, respondents, fieldworkers, and data entry personnel. To avoid errors and mitigate their impact, a number of procedures were applied to enhance the accuracy of the data through a process of data collection from the field and data processing.

SB: AK: Outlook: FN: None of the Above data was reported at 30.600 % in 11 Apr 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 31.200 % for 04 Apr 2022. SB: AK: Outlook: FN: None of the Above data is updated weekly, averaging 43.700 % from Nov 2020 (Median) to 11 Apr 2022, with 54 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 50.300 % in 28 Jun 2021 and a record low of 15.200 % in 21 Feb 2022. SB: AK: Outlook: FN: None of the Above data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by U.S. Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.S: Small Business Pulse Survey: by State: West Region: Weekly, Beg Monday (Discontinued).

Data contains information on variable and fixed costs about small scale fishermen

The project will produce a valuation function that depends on factors related to Steller sea lion (SSL) protection measures, and may include some combination of the expected aggregate size of the population and improvements to the ESA listing status resulting from protection measures, cost of the protection measures, and effects of protection measures on local economies, fishery participants, and consumer fish prices. This function can be used to identify non-consumptive use values for SSLs and how these values are affected by protection measures, thereby providing valuable information to policy makers.

United States - Labour Force Survey - quarterly levels: Employment - by economic activity: Services: All persons for G7 was 298404700.00000 Persons in October of 2024, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Labour Force Survey - quarterly levels: Employment - by economic activity: Services: All persons for G7 reached a record high of 298404700.00000 in October of 2024 and a record low of 227482922.60660 in January of 2000. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Labour Force Survey - quarterly levels: Employment - by economic activity: Services: All persons for G7 - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on November of 2025.

Japan Economy Watchers: DI: FEC: Household data was reported at 50.200 NA in Oct 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 50.100 NA for Sep 2018. Japan Economy Watchers: DI: FEC: Household data is updated monthly, averaging 47.900 NA from Jan 2000 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 226 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 57.000 NA in Mar 2013 and a record low of 19.300 NA in Dec 2008. Japan Economy Watchers: DI: FEC: Household data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Cabinet Office. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.S067: Economy Watchers Survey.

Crises of the magnitude of the Covid-19 pandemic may plausibly affect deep-seated attitudes of a large fraction of citizens. In particular, outcome-oriented theories imply that leaders' performance in response to such adverse events shapes people’s views about the government and about democracy. To assess these causal linkages empirically, we use a pre-registered survbey experiment covering 12 countries and 22,500 respondents during the pandemic. Our design enables us to leverage exogenous variation in evaluations of policies and leaders with an instrumental variables strategy. We find that people use information on both health and economic performance when evaluating the government. In turn, dissatisfaction with the government decreases satisfaction with how democracy works, but it does not increase support for non-democratic alternatives. The results suggests that comparatively bad government performance mainly spurs internal critiques of democracy.

SHE: All Japan: EI: OU: Books data was reported at 280.000 JPY in Sep 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 267.000 JPY for Aug 2018. SHE: All Japan: EI: OU: Books data is updated monthly, averaging 218.000 JPY from Jan 2015 (Median) to Sep 2018, with 45 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 280.000 JPY in Sep 2018 and a record low of 184.000 JPY in Nov 2015. SHE: All Japan: EI: OU: Books data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistical Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.H069: Survey of Household Economy: All Japan.

Japan Economy Watchers: DI: CEC: Household: Ser.:Leisure Facility Operator data was reported at 49.600 NA in Oct 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 44.200 NA for Sep 2018. Japan Economy Watchers: DI: CEC: Household: Ser.:Leisure Facility Operator data is updated monthly, averaging 47.400 NA from Oct 2000 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 217 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 59.200 NA in May 2015 and a record low of 20.300 NA in Mar 2011. Japan Economy Watchers: DI: CEC: Household: Ser.:Leisure Facility Operator data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Cabinet Office. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.S067: Economy Watchers Survey.

CES: AAE: 2nd 20%: Housing: HFE: Small App & Misc Housewares data was reported at 78.000 USD in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 83.000 USD for 2015. CES: AAE: 2nd 20%: Housing: HFE: Small App & Misc Housewares data is updated yearly, averaging 59.000 USD from Dec 1984 (Median) to 2016, with 33 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 83.000 USD in 2015 and a record low of 30.000 USD in 1987. CES: AAE: 2nd 20%: Housing: HFE: Small App & Misc Housewares data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bureau of Labor Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.H044: Consumer Expenditure Survey: By Quintile.

Japan Economy Watchers: DI: FEC: sa: CT: Non-Manufacturing Related data was reported at 44.800 NA in Jun 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 45.100 NA for May 2019. Japan Economy Watchers: DI: FEC: sa: CT: Non-Manufacturing Related data is updated monthly, averaging 48.550 NA from Jan 2002 (Median) to Jun 2019, with 210 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 59.900 NA in Feb 2013 and a record low of 16.400 NA in Dec 2008. Japan Economy Watchers: DI: FEC: sa: CT: Non-Manufacturing Related data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Cabinet Office. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.S070: Economy Watchers Survey: Seasonally Adjusted.

Japan Economy Watchers: DI: CEC: sa: CT: Manufacturing Related data was reported at 44.300 NA in Jun 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 42.900 NA for May 2019. Japan Economy Watchers: DI: CEC: sa: CT: Manufacturing Related data is updated monthly, averaging 47.200 NA from Jan 2002 (Median) to Jun 2019, with 210 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 60.100 NA in Dec 2013 and a record low of 14.800 NA in Dec 2008. Japan Economy Watchers: DI: CEC: sa: CT: Manufacturing Related data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Cabinet Office. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.S070: Economy Watchers Survey: Seasonally Adjusted.

Peru Macroeconomic Outlook Survey: Business Confidence Index: Economy: Next 3 Months: Construction data was reported at 44.118 Point in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 42.857 Point for Feb 2025. Peru Macroeconomic Outlook Survey: Business Confidence Index: Economy: Next 3 Months: Construction data is updated monthly, averaging 46.552 Point from Jan 2010 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 183 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 77.778 Point in Aug 2010 and a record low of 0.000 Point in Apr 2020. Peru Macroeconomic Outlook Survey: Business Confidence Index: Economy: Next 3 Months: Construction data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Reserve Bank of Peru. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Peru – Table PE.S001: Business Confidence Indicator.

Spain Consumer Confidence Score: Future Local Economy: Positive Response data was reported at 22.726 Score in Jan 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 19.637 Score for Dec 2022. Spain Consumer Confidence Score: Future Local Economy: Positive Response data is updated monthly, averaging 19.800 Score from Mar 2010 (Median) to Jan 2023, with 155 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 36.216 Score in Jun 2021 and a record low of 9.488 Score in Dec 2012. Spain Consumer Confidence Score: Future Local Economy: Positive Response data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ipsos Group S.A.. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Spain – Table ES.H037:Table ES.IPSOS: Consumer Confidence Survey.

New Zealand Economy Survey: Manufacturing: Wood & Paper Product: Purchases & Operating Expenditure data was reported at 1,729.532 NZD mn in Mar 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1,762.406 NZD mn for Dec 2017. New Zealand Economy Survey: Manufacturing: Wood & Paper Product: Purchases & Operating Expenditure data is updated quarterly, averaging 1,473.635 NZD mn from Dec 1992 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 102 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,806.195 NZD mn in Sep 2017 and a record low of 907.670 NZD mn in Mar 1993. New Zealand Economy Survey: Manufacturing: Wood & Paper Product: Purchases & Operating Expenditure data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistics New Zealand. The data is categorized under Global Database’s New Zealand – Table NZ.S003: Economy Survey: ANZSIC06.