Abstract

The Country Opinion Survey in the Philippines assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in gaining a better understanding of how stakeholders in the Philippines perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in the Philippines on 1) their views regarding the general environment in the Philippines; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in the Philippines; 3) overall impressions of the WBG’s effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in the Philippines; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG’s future role in the Philippines.

Geographic coverage

• National Capital Region/Metro Manila
• Luzon outside of NCR
• Visayas
• Mindanao

Sampling procedure

From February to March 2022, a total of 1,123 stakeholders of the WBG in the Philippines were invited to provide their opinions on the WBG’s work in the country by participating in a Country Opinion Survey. Participants were drawn from the office of the President; office of a Secretary; office of a member of Congress; employees of department/agency, commission, implementation agency; Project Management Units (PMUs) overseeing implementation of WBG projects; consultants/contractors working on WBG-supported projects/programs; local governments; independent government institutions; the judicial system; state-owned enterprises; bilateral and multilateral agencies; private sector organizations; the financial sector/private banks; private foundations; NGOs and community-based organizations; professional/trade associations; faith-based groups; youth groups; academia/research institutes/think tanks; and the media.

Mode of data collection

Internet [int]

Research instrument

The survey was administered in English. The questionnaire is available for download.

Response rate

The response rate was 30%

Abstract

The 2013 Survey on Information and Communication Technology (SICT) is one of the designated statistical activities undertaken by the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) to collect and generate information on the availability, distribution and access/utilization of ICT among establishments in the country.

The objectives of the 2013 SICT is to provide key measures of ICT access and use among establishments which will enable the assessment and monitoring of the digital divide in the country. Specifically, the survey aims to measure the following: - component of ICT resources and their utilization by establishments; - diffusion of ICT into establishments from various sources; - e-commerce transactions from data on e-commerce sales/revenue and purchases; - cellular mobile phone business transactions from data on sales/revenue; - estimate of the number of ICT workers in establishments; - methods of disposal of ICT equipment.

The SICT 2013 was a rider survey of the 2013 Annual Survey of Philippine Business and Industry.

Geographic coverage

Regional - "core" ICT and BPM industries are the regions National - "non-core" ICT industries

Analysis unit

An establishment, which is defined as an economic unit under a single ownership or control, i.e., under a single legal entity, engaged in one or predominantly one kind of economic activity at a single fixed location

Universe

The 2013 Survey on Information and Communication Technology (SICT) of Philippine Business and Industry covered all industries included in the 2013 Annual Survey of Philippine Business and Industry (ASPBI).

For the purpose of the survey, these industries were classified as core ICT industries and non-core ICT Industries. Core ICT industries were industries comprising the Information Economy (IE). The Information Economy is a term used to describe the economic and social value created through the ability to rapidly exchange information at anytime, anywhere to anyone. A distinctive characteristic of the information economy is the intensive use, by businesses of ICT for the collection, storage, processing and transmission of information. The use of ICT is supported by supply of ICT products from an ICT-producing sector through trade.

Information Economy is composed of the Information and Communication Technology Sector and Content and Media Sector. Industries comprising these two sectors are as follows: 1) Information and Communication Technology - ICT manufacturing industries - ICT trade industries - ICT service industries: - Software publishing - Telecommunication services - Computer programming, consultancy and related services - Data processing, hosting and related activities; web portals - Repair of computers and communication equipment 2) Content and Media - Publishing activities - Motion picture, video and television programme production, sound recording and music publishing activities - Programming and broadcasting activities

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The 2013 SICT utilized the stratified systematic sampling design with five-digit PSIC serving as industry strata (industry domain) and the employment size as the second stratification variable.

There were only two strata used for the survey, as follows: TE of 20 and over and TE of less than 20.

The industry stratification for the 2013 SICT is the 5-digit PSIC for both the core ICT industries and for the non-core ICT industries. It has the same industry strata as that of the 2013 ASPBI.

Establishments engaged in the core ICT industries were completely enumerated, regardless of employment size.

The establishments classified in the non-core ICT industries and with total employment of 20 and over were covered on a 20 percent sampling basis for each of the industry domain at the national level. The minimum sample size is set to 3 establishments and maximum of 10 establishments per cell (industry domain).

However, when the total number of establishments in the cell is less than the set minimum sample size, all establishments in that cell were taken as samples.

Mode of data collection

Mail Questionnaire [mail]

Research instrument

The scope of the study includes: - general information about the establishment - information and communication technology (ICT) resources of the establishment - network channels - use of ICT resources, Internet - website of the establishment - e-commerce via internet - e-commerce via computer networks other than the internet - use of mobile phones in selling and other business operation - purchase and disposal of ICT equipment

Cleaning operations

Manual processing took place in Provincial Offices at a number of stages throughout the processing, including: - coding of some data items - editing of questionnaires - checking completeness of entries - consistency check among variables.

Data processing was done in Field Offices and Central Office.

Field Offices were responsible for: - online data encoding and updating - completeness and consistency edits - folioing of questionnaires.

Central Office was responsible for: - online validation - completeness and consistency checks - summarization - tabulation.

Response rate

The overall response rate for the 2013 SICT was 87.04 percent (9,562 of the 10,986 sample establishments). This included receipts of "good" questionnaires, partially accomplished questionnaires, reports of closed, moved out or out of scope establishments. Sample establishments under core ICT industries reported 89.96 percent response rate ( 5,421 out of 6,026 establishments) while non-core ICT industries response rate was 83.48 percent (3,633 out of 4,352 sample establishments). On the other hand, industries classified in Business Process Management (BPM) had a response rate of 83.55 percent (508 out of 608 establishments).

Sampling error estimates

Not computed

Data appraisal

Data estimates were checked with those from other related surveys or administrative data.

Abstract

The 2003 National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) is a nationally representative survey of 13,945 women age 15-49 and 5,009 men age 15-54. The main purpose of the 2003 NDHS is to provide policymakers and program managers with detailed information on fertility, family planning, childhood and adult mortality, maternal and child health, and knowledge and attitudes related to HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections. The 2003 NDHS also collects high quality data on family health: immunizations, prevalence and treatment of diarrhea and other diseases among children under five, antenatal visits, assistance at delivery and breastfeeding.

The 2003 NDHS is the third national sample survey undertaken in Philippines under the auspices of the worldwide Demographic and Health Surveys program.

The 2003 Philippines National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) is designed to provide upto-date information on population, family planning, and health to assist policymakers and program managers in evaluating and designing strategies for improving health and family planning services in the country. In particular, the 2003 NDHS has the following objectives: - Collect data at the national level, which will allow the calculation of demographic rates and, particularly, fertility and under-five mortality rates. - Analyze the direct and indirect factors that determine the level and trends of fertility. Indicators related to fertility will serve to inform plans for social and economic development. - Measure the level of contraceptive knowledge and practice by method, urban-rural residence, and region. - Collect data on knowledge and attitudes of women and men about sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS and evaluate patterns of recent behavior regarding condom use. - Collect high-quality data on family health, including immunizations, prevalence and treatment of diarrhea and other diseases among children under five, antenatal visits, assistance at delivery, and breastfeeding.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

• Household
• Women age 15-49
• Men age 15-54

Universe

The population covered by the 1998 Phillipines NDS is defined as the universe of all females age 15-49 years, who are members of the sample household or visitors present at the time of interview and had slept in the sample households the night prior to the time of interview, regardless of marital status and all men age 15-54 living in the household.

Kind of data

Sample survey data

Sampling procedure

The 2003 NDHS is the first survey that used the new master sample created for household surveys on the basis of the 2000 Census of Population and Housing. The 2003 NDHS used one of the four replicates of the master sample. The sample was designed to represent the country as a whole, urban and rural areas, and each of the 17 administrative regions. In each region, a stratified, three-stage cluster sampling design was employed. In the first stage, 819 primary sampling units (PSUs) were selected with probability proportional to the number of households in the 2000 census. PSUs consisted of a barangay or a group of contiguous barangays. In the second stage, in each PSU, enumeration areas (EAs) were selected with probability proportional to the number of EAs. An EA is defined as an area with discernable boundaries consisting of about 150 contiguous households. All households in the selected EAs were listed in a separate field operation conducted May 7 through 21, 2003. In the third stage, from each EA, an average of 17 households was selected using systematic sampling.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face

Research instrument

The 2003 NDHS used four questionnaires: a) Household Questionnaire, b) Health Module, c) Women's Questionnaire, and d) Men's Questionnaire. The content of the Women's Questionnaire was based on the MEASURE DHS+ Model “A” Questionnaire, which was developed for use in countries with high levels of contraceptive use. To modify the questionnaire to reflect relevant family planning and health issues in the Philippines, program input was solicited from Department of Health (DOH), Commission on Population (POPCOM), the University of the Philippines Population Institute (UPPI), the Food and Nutrition Research Institute (FNRI), the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PhilHealth), USAID, the National Statistics Coordination Board (NSCB), the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA), the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), and Dr. Mercedes B. Concepcion, professor emeritus at the University of the Philippines, as well as managers of USAID-sponsored projects in the Philippines. The questionnaires were translated from English into six major languages: Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, Bicol, Hiligaynon, and Waray.

a) The Household Questionnaire was used to list all of the usual members and visitors in the selected households. Basic information collected for each person listed includes age, sex, education, and relationship to the head of the household. The main purpose of the Household Questionnaire was to identify women and men who were eligible for the individual interview. Information on characteristics of the household's dwelling unit, such as the source of water, type of toilet facilities, materials used for the floor of the house, and ownership of various durable goods, was also recorded in the Household Questionnaire. These items are indicators of the household's socioeconomic status.

b) The Health Module was aimed at apprising concerned agencies on the health status, practices, and attitude of the population. The module included the following topics:
- Health facility utilization - Noncommunicable diseases - Infectious diseases -Traditional medicines, healing practices, and alternative health care modalities - Health care financing -Environmental health.

c) The Women's Questionnaire was used to collect information from all women age 15-49. These women were asked questions on the following topics: - Background characteristics (e.g., education, media exposure) - Reproductive history - Knowledge and use of family planning methods - Fertility preferences - Antenatal, delivery, and postnatal care - Breastfeeding and infant feeding practices - Vaccinations and childhood illnesses - Marriage and sexual activity - Woman's work and husband's background characteristics - Infant's and children's feeding practices - Childhood mortality - Awareness and behavior regarding AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections - Awareness and behavior regarding tuberculosis

d) The Men's Questionnaire was administered to all men age 15-54 living in every third household in the NDHS sample. The Men's Questionnaire collected much of the same information found in the Women's Questionnaire but was shorter because it did not contain questions on reproductive history, maternal and child health, and nutrition. Instead, men were asked about their knowledge and participation in health-seeking practices for their children.

Cleaning operations

All completed questionnaires and the control forms were returned to the NSO Central Office in Manila for data processing, which consisted of manual editing, data entry and verification, and editing of computer-identified errors. An ad hoc group of seven regular employees of DSSD was created to work full time in the NDHS Data Processing Center. This group was responsible for the different aspects of NDHS data processing. There were 10 manual processors and 25 data encoders hired to process the data.

Manual editing started on July 15, 2003, and data entry started on July 21, 2003. The computer package program called CSPro (Census and Survey Processing System) was used for data entry, editing, and tabulation. To prepare the data entry programs, two NSO staff members spent three weeks in ORC Macro offices in Calverton, Maryland, in April and May 2003. Data processing was completed in October 29, 2003.

Response rate

For the 2003 NDHS sample, 13,914 households were selected, of which 12,694 were occupied (Table). Of these households, 12,586 were successfully interviewed, yielding a household response rate of 99 percent. Household response rates are similar in rural areas and in urban areas (99 percent).

Among the households interviewed, 13,945 women were identified as eligible respondents, and interviews were completed for 13,633 women, yielding a response rate of 98 percent. In a subsample of every third household, 5,009 men were identified to be eligible for individual interview. Of these, 4,766 were successfully interviewed, yielding a response rate of 95 percent.

Sampling error estimates

Sampling errors, on the other hand, can be evaluated statistically. The sample of respondents selected in the 2003 NDHS is only one of many samples that could have been selected from the same population, using the same design and expected size. Each of these samples would yield results that differ somewhat from the results of the actual sample selected. Sampling errors are a measure of the variability between all possible samples. Although the degree of variability is not known exactly, it can be estimated from the survey results.

A sampling error is usually measured in terms of the standard error for a particular statistic (e.g., mean, percentage), which is the square root of the variance. The standard error can be used to calculate confidence intervals within which the true value for the population can reasonably be assumed to fall. For example, for any given statistic calculated from

Abstract

The UNHCR Results Monitoring Survey (RMS) is a household-level survey covering people who are directly or indirectly assisted by UNHCR. In the Philippines, respondents included forcibly displaced people, stateless people and those at risk of statelessness. The objective of the survey is to monitor impact and outcome level indicators on education, healthcare, livelihoods, protection concerns, shelter, and water and sanitation. The results contribute to an evidence base for reporting against UNHCR’s multi-year strategies to key stakeholders.

The RMS can be implemented in any operational context. A standard structured questionnaire has been developed for the RMS, which can be conducted as a stand-alone survey or flexibly integrated with other data collection exercises. The questionnaire was adapted to the Philippines context and programme objectives by including, e.g. addtional questions on access to protection services, information and community leadership structures. A mixed methodology of remote and in-person interview was applied to allow for inclusion of respondents in areas not accessible to data collectors, e.g. Visayas and Mindanao. The data includes indicators collected at both the households and individual (household-member) level. The survey covered 640 household amounting to 2291 individuals.

Analysis unit

Households

Universe

Forcibly displaced people, stateless people and people at risk of statelessness in te Philippines 2023

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi],Computer Assisted Telephone Interview [cati]

Abstract

The World Bank Enterprise Survey (WBES) is a firm-level survey of a representative sample of an economy's private sector. The surveys cover a broad range of topics related to the business environment including access to finance, corruption, infrastructure, competition, and performance.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

The primary sampling unit of the study is the establishment. An establishment is a physical location where business is carried out and where industrial operations take place or services are provided. A firm may be composed of one or more establishments. For example, a brewery may have several bottling plants and several establishments for distribution. For the purposes of this survey an establishment must make its own financial decisions and have its own financial statements separate from those of the firm. An establishment must also have its own management and control over its payroll.

Universe

The universe of inference includes all formal (i.e., registered) private sector businesses (with at least 1% private ownership) and with at least five employees. In terms of sectoral criteria, all manufacturing businesses (ISIC Rev 4. codes 10-33) are eligible; for services businesses, those corresponding to the ISIC Rev 4 codes 41-43, 45-47, 49-53, 55-56, 58, 61-62, 69-75, 79, and 95 are included in the Enterprise Surveys. Cooperatives and collectives are excluded from the Enterprise Surveys. All eligible establishments must be registered with the registration agency. In the case of the Philippines, the listing from the PSA’s List of Establishments (LE), a registrar of businesses operating in the Philippines, was used. The registration agency is the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The WBES use stratified random sampling, where the population of establishments is first separated into non-overlapping groups, called strata, and then respondents are selected through simple random sampling from each stratum. The detailed methodology is provided in the Sampling Note (https://www.enterprisesurveys.org/content/dam/enterprisesurveys/documents/methodology/Sampling_Note-Consolidated-2-16-22.pdf). Stratified random sampling has several advantages over simple random sampling. In particular, it:

• produces unbiased estimates of the whole population or universe of inference, as well as at the levels of stratification
• ensures representativeness by including observations in all of those categories
• produces more precise estimates for a given sample size or budget allocation, and
• may reduce implementation costs by splitting the population into convenient subdivisions.

The WBES typically use three levels of stratification: industry classification, establishment size, and subnational region (used in combination). Starting in 2022, the WBES bases the industry classification on ISIC Rev. 4 (with earlier surveys using ISIC Rev. 3.1). For regional coverage within a country, the WBES has national coverage.

Note: Refer to Sampling Structure section in "The Philippines 2023 World Bank Enterprise Survey Implementation Report" for detailed methodology on sampling.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The standard WBES questionnaire covers several topics regarding the business environment and business performance. These topics include general firm characteristics, infrastructure, sales and supplies, management practices, competition, innovation, capacity, land and permits, finance, business-government relations, exposure to bribery, labor, and performance. Information about the general structure of the questionnaire is available in the Enterprise Surveys Manual and Guide (https://www.enterprisesurveys.org/content/dam/enterprisesurveys/documents/methodology/Enterprise-Surveys-Manual-and-Guide.pdf).

The questionnaire implemented in the Philippines 2023 WBES included additional questions tailored for the Business Ready Report covering infrastructure, trade, government regulations, finance, labor, and other topics.

Response rate

Overall survey response rate was 68.0%.

Abstract

In 2001, the World Health Organization, in collaboration with UNAIDS, UNESCO, and UNICEF, with technical assistance from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), initiated development of the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS). Since 2003, Ministries/ Department of Health and Education around the world have been using the GSHS to periodically monitor the prevalence of important health risk behaviors and protective factors among students. To date, 15 countries have completed a GSHS. This report describes results from the first GSHS conducted in Philippines by the Department of Health, Manila during September-December of 2003.

The purpose of the GSHS is to provide accurate data on health behaviors and protective factors among students to: - Help countries develop priorities, establish programmes, and advocate for resources for school health and youth health programmes and policies; - Allow international agencies, countries, and others to make comparisons across countries and within countries regarding the prevalence of health behaviors; and protective factors - Establish trends in the prevalence of health behaviors and protective factors by country for use in evaluation of school health and youth health promotion.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Students aged 13-15 years

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The 2003 Philippines' GSHS employed a two-stage cluster sample design to produce a representative sample of students in 2nd-4th year levels of Secondary Education or High School. The first-stage sampling frame consisted of all schools containing any of 2nd-4th year levels. Schools were selected with probability proportional to school enrollment size. One hundred and fifty schools (150) were selected to participate in the Philippines' GSHS.

The second stage of sampling consisted of randomly selecting intact classrooms (using a random start) from each school to participate. All classrooms in each selected school were included in the sampling frame. All students in the sampled classrooms were eligible to participate in the GSHS.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The GSHS uses a standardized scientific sample selection process; common school-based methodology; and core questionnaire modules, core-expanded questions, and country-specific questions that are combined to form a self-administered questionnaire that can be administered during one regular class period.

The Philippines' questionnaire contained 92 questions addressing the following topics: - Alcohol and other drug use - Dietary behaviors - Hygiene - Mental health - Physical activity - Protective factors - HIV-related knowledge - Tobacco use - Violence and unintentional injury

A GSHS Project Management Team of the Department of Health and the Institute of Clinical Epidemiology Unit, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines had developed the questionnaire. The questionnaire was with a corresponding translation in Filipino, a common language in the country.

Cleaning operations

The data set was cleaned and edited for inconsistencies. Missing data were not statistically imputed. Epi- Info Complex-Sample analysis that takes into consideration the complex sample design was used to compute prevalence estimates and 95% confidence intervals. GSHS data are representative of all students attending 2nd-4th year levels of High School in the Philippines.

Response rate

For the 2003 Philippines GSHS, 7, 338 questionnaires were completed in 148 schools. The school response rate was 99%, the student response rate was 85 %, and the overall response rate was 84%.

Abstract

This research was conducted in Philippines between May and December 2009 as part of the Enterprise Survey initiative.

The objective of the survey is to obtain feedback from enterprises in client countries on the state of the private sector as well as to help in building a panel of enterprise data that will make it possible to track changes in the business environment over time, thus allowing, for example, impact assessments of reforms. Through interviews with firms in the manufacturing and services sectors, the survey assesses the constraints to private sector growth and creates statistically significant business environment indicators that are comparable across countries.

The standard Enterprise Survey topics include firm characteristics, gender participation, access to finance, annual sales, costs of inputs/labor, workforce composition, bribery, licensing, infrastructure, trade, crime, competition, capacity utilization, land and permits, taxation, informality, business-government relations, innovation and technology, and performance measures. Over 90% of the questions objectively ascertain characteristics of a country’s business environment. The remaining questions assess the survey respondents’ opinions on what are the obstacles to firm growth and performance. The mode of data collection is face-to-face interviews.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

The primary sampling unit of the study is the establishment. An establishment is a physical location where business is carried out and where industrial operations take place or services are provided. A firm may be composed of one or more establishments. For example, a brewery may have several bottling plants and several establishments for distribution. For the purposes of this survey an establishment must make its own financial decisions and have its own financial statements separate from those of the firm. An establishment must also have its own management and control over its payroll.

Universe

The whole population, or the universe, covered in the Enterprise Surveys is the non-agricultural economy. It comprises: all manufacturing sectors according to the ISIC Revision 3.1 group classification (group D), construction sector (group F), services sector (groups G and H), and transport, storage, and communications sector (group I). Note that this population definition excludes the following sectors: financial intermediation (group J), real estate and renting activities (group K, except sub-sector 72, IT, which was added to the population under study), and all public or utilities-sectors.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sample for Philippines was selected using stratified random sampling. Three levels of stratification were used in this country: industry, establishment size, and region.

Industry stratification was designed in the way that follows: the universe was stratified into 6 manufacturing industries, 1 services industry -retail -, and two residual sectors. Each manufacturing industry had a target of 160 interviews. The services industry and the two residual sectors had a target of 120 interviews. For the manufacturing industries sample sizes were inflated by about 33% to account for potential non-response cases when requesting sensitive financial data and also because of likely attrition in future surveys that would affect the construction of a panel. An additional 85 interviews were added to the survey half way through the fieldwork. Targets were adjusted such that the manufacturing sectors' targets were increased to 160-180 interviews.

Size stratification was defined following the standardized definition for the rollout: small (5 to 19 employees), medium (20 to 99 employees), and large (more than 99 employees). For stratification purposes, the number of employees was defined on the basis of reported permanent full-time workers. This seems to be an appropriate definition of the labor force since seasonal/casual/part-time employment is not a common practice, except in the sectors of construction and agriculture.

Regional stratification was defined in four regions: National Capital Region excluding Manila; Manila; Region III; Region IV; and Metro-Cebu (Region VII). These are the largest population and economic centers of the Philippines. National Capital Region and Manila were split because of the large size of the National Capital Region. Metro-Cebu specifically was surveyed, rather than the whole of Region VII, for logistical reasons as this region is widespread and includes many remote and sparsely populated locations.

The sample frame used in the Philippines was obtained from the 2008 National Statistics Office of the Philippines (NSO) Register of Establishments. A key limitation in using this sample frame was the cost of access, which significantly limited the size of sample available for survey limitation. As a result of concerns over confidentiality, NSO also required that sample selection was done by 3 NSO in-house under instruction of the World Bank team in Washington D.C.This database contained the following information: -Name of the firm -Location -Contact details -ISIC code -Number of employees.

Given the impact that non-eligible units included in the sample universe may have on the results, adjustments may be needed when computing the appropriate weights for individual observations. The percentage of confirmed non-eligible units as a proportion of the total number of sampled establishments contacted for the survey was 16% (319 out of 2022 establishments). Breaking down by industry, the following numbers of establishments were surveyed: 15 (Food) - 166, 18 (Garments) - 154, 24 (Chemicals) - 162, 25 (Plastic & Rubber) - 163, 26 (Non-metallic mineral products) - 151, 31 & 32 (Electronics) - 164, Other manufacturing - 122, Retail & IT - 117, Other services - 127.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The current survey instruments are available: - Core Questionnaire + Manufacturing Module [ISIC Rev.3.1: 15-37] - Core Questionnaire + Retail Module [ISIC Rev.3.1: 52] - Core Questionnaire [ISIC Rev.3.1: 45, 50, 51, 55, 60-64, 72] - Screener Questionnaire.

The “Core Questionnaire” is the heart of the Enterprise Survey and contains the survey questions asked of all firms across the world. There are also two other survey instruments - the “Core Questionnaire + Manufacturing Module” and the “Core Questionnaire + Retail Module.” The survey is fielded via three instruments in order to not ask questions that are irrelevant to specific types of firms, e.g. a question that relates to production and nonproduction workers should not be asked of a retail firm. In addition to questions that are asked across countries, all surveys are customized and contain country-specific questions. An example of customization would be including tourism-related questions that are asked in certain countries when tourism is an existing or potential sector of economic growth.

The standard Enterprise Survey topics include firm characteristics, gender participation, access to finance, annual sales, costs of inputs/labor, workforce composition, bribery, licensing, infrastructure, trade, crime, competition, capacity utilization, land and permits, taxation, informality, business-government relations, innovation and technology, and performance measures. Over 90% of the questions objectively ascertain characteristics of a country’s business environment. The remaining questions assess the survey respondents’ opinions on what are the obstacles to firm growth and performance.

Cleaning operations

Data entry and quality controls are implemented by the contractor and data is delivered to the World Bank in batches (typically 10%, 50% and 100%). These data deliveries are checked for logical consistency, out of range values, skip patterns, and duplicate entries. Problems are flagged by the World Bank and corrected by the implementing contractor through data checks, callbacks, and revisiting establishments.

Response rate

Complete information regarding the sampling methodology, sample frame, weights, response rates, and implementation can be found in "Description of Philippines Implementation 2009" in "Technical Documents" folder.

Abstract

The 2022 Philippines National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) was implemented by the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA). Data collection took place from May 2 to June 22, 2022.

The primary objective of the 2022 NDHS is to provide up-to-date estimates of basic demographic and health indicators. Specifically, the NDHS collected information on fertility, fertility preferences, family planning practices, childhood mortality, maternal and child health, nutrition, knowledge and attitudes regarding HIV/AIDS, violence against women, child discipline, early childhood development, and other health issues.

The information collected through the NDHS is intended to assist policymakers and program managers in designing and evaluating programs and strategies for improving the health of the country’s population. The 2022 NDHS also provides indicators anchored to the attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the new Philippine Development Plan for 2023 to 2028.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individual
• Children age 0-5
• Woman age 15-49

Universe

The survey covered all de jure household members (usual residents), all women aged 15-49, and all children aged 0-4 resident in the household.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sampling scheme provides data representative of the country as a whole, for urban and rural areas separately, and for each of the country’s administrative regions. The sample selection methodology for the 2022 NDHS was based on a two-stage stratified sample design using the Master Sample Frame (MSF) designed and compiled by the PSA. The MSF was constructed based on the listing of households from the 2010 Census of Population and Housing and updated based on the listing of households from the 2015 Census of Population. The first stage involved a systematic selection of 1,247 primary sampling units (PSUs) distributed by province or HUC. A PSU can be a barangay, a portion of a large barangay, or two or more adjacent small barangays.

In the second stage, an equal take of either 22 or 29 sample housing units were selected from each sampled PSU using systematic random sampling. In situations where a housing unit contained one to three households, all households were interviewed. In the rare situation where a housing unit contained more than three households, no more than three households were interviewed. The survey interviewers were instructed to interview only the preselected housing units. No replacements and no changes of the preselected housing units were allowed in the implementing stage in order to prevent bias. Survey weights were calculated, added to the data file, and applied so that weighted results are representative estimates of indicators at the regional and national levels.

All women age 15–49 who were either usual residents of the selected households or visitors who stayed in the households the night before the survey were eligible to be interviewed. Among women eligible for an individual interview, one woman per household was selected for a module on women’s safety.

For further details on sample design, see APPENDIX A of the final report.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

Two questionnaires were used for the 2022 NDHS: the Household Questionnaire and the Woman’s Questionnaire. The questionnaires, based on The DHS Program’s model questionnaires, were adapted to reflect the population and health issues relevant to the Philippines. Input was solicited from various stakeholders representing government agencies, academe, and international agencies. The survey protocol was reviewed by the ICF Institutional Review Board.

After all questionnaires were finalized in English, they were translated into six major languages: Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, Bikol, Hiligaynon, and Waray. The Household and Woman’s Questionnaires were programmed into tablet computers to allow for computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) for data collection purposes, with the capability to choose any of the languages for each questionnaire.

Cleaning operations

Processing the 2022 NDHS data began almost as soon as fieldwork started, and data security procedures were in place in accordance with confidentiality of information as provided by Philippine laws. As data collection was completed in each PSU or cluster, all electronic data files were transferred securely via SyncCloud to a server maintained by the PSA Central Office in Quezon City. These data files were registered and checked for inconsistencies, incompleteness, and outliers. The field teams were alerted to any inconsistencies and errors while still in the area of assignment. Timely generation of field check tables allowed for effective monitoring of fieldwork, including tracking questionnaire completion rates. Only the field teams, project managers, and NDHS supervisors in the provincial, regional, and central offices were given access to the CAPI system and the SyncCloud server.

A team of secondary editors in the PSA Central Office carried out secondary editing, which involved resolving inconsistencies and recoding “other” responses; the former was conducted during data collection, and the latter was conducted following the completion of the fieldwork. Data editing was performed using the CSPro software package. The secondary editing of the data was completed in August 2022. The final cleaning of the data set was carried out by data processing specialists from The DHS Program in September 2022.

Response rate

A total of 35,470 households were selected for the 2022 NDHS sample, of which 30,621 were found to be occupied. Of the occupied households, 30,372 were successfully interviewed, yielding a response rate of 99%. In the interviewed households, 28,379 women age 15–49 were identified as eligible for individual interviews. Interviews were completed with 27,821 women, yielding a response rate of 98%.

Sampling error estimates

The estimates from a sample survey are affected by two types of errors: (1) nonsampling errors and (2) sampling errors. Nonsampling errors are the results of mistakes made in implementing data collection and in data processing, such as failure to locate and interview the correct household, misunderstanding of the questions on the part of either the interviewer or the respondent, and data entry errors. Although numerous efforts were made during the implementation of the 2022 Philippines National Demographic and Health Survey (2022 NDHS) to minimize this type of error, nonsampling errors are impossible to avoid and difficult to evaluate statistically.

Sampling errors, on the other hand, can be evaluated statistically. The sample of respondents selected in the 2022 NDHS is only one of many samples that could have been selected from the same population, using the same design and identical size. Each of these samples would yield results that differ somewhat from the results of the actual sample selected. Sampling errors are a measure of the variability between all possible samples. Although the degree of variability is not known exactly, it can be estimated from the survey results.

A sampling error is usually measured in terms of the standard error for a particular statistic (mean, percentage, etc.), which is the square root of the variance. The standard error can be used to calculate confidence intervals within which the true value for the population can reasonably be assumed to fall. For example, for any given statistic calculated from a sample survey, the value of that statistic will fall within a range of plus or minus two times the standard error of that statistic in 95% of all possible samples of identical size and design.

If the sample of respondents had been selected as a simple random sample, it would have been possible to use straightforward formulas for calculating sampling errors. However, the 2022 NDHS sample was the result of a multistage stratified design, and, consequently, it was necessary to use more complex formulas. Sampling errors are computed in SAS using programs developed by ICF. These programs use the Taylor linearization method to estimate variances for survey estimates that are means, proportions, or ratios. The Jackknife repeated replication method is used for variance estimation of more complex statistics such as fertility and mortality rates.

A more detailed description of estimates of sampling errors are presented in APPENDIX B of the survey report.

Data appraisal

Data Quality Tables

• Household age distribution
• Age distribution of eligible and interviewed women
• Age displacement at age 14/15
• Age displacement at age 49/50
• Pregnancy outcomes by years preceding the survey
• Completeness of reporting
• Observation of handwashing facility
• School attendance by single year of age
• Vaccination cards photographed
• Population pyramid
• Five-year mortality rates

See details of the data quality tables in Appendix C of the final report.

Abstract

This survey was conducted in Philippines between November 2014 and May 2016, as part of the Enterprise Survey project, an initiative of the World Bank. The objective of the survey is to obtain feedback from enterprises on the state of the private sector as well as to help in building a panel of enterprise data that will make it possible to track changes in the business environment over time, thus allowing, for example, impact assessments of reforms. Through interviews with firms in the manufacturing and services sectors, the survey assesses the constraints to private sector growth and creates statistically significant business environment indicators that are comparable across countries. Only registered businesses are surveyed in the Enterprise Survey.

Data from 1,335 establishments was analyzed. Stratified random sampling was used to select the surveyed businesses. The data was collected using face-to-face interviews.

The standard Enterprise Survey topics include firm characteristics, gender participation, access to finance, annual sales, costs of inputs/labor, workforce composition, bribery, licensing, infrastructure, trade, crime, competition, capacity utilization, land and permits, taxation, informality, business-government relations, innovation and technology, and performance measures. Over 90% of the questions objectively ascertain characteristics of a country's business environment. The remaining questions assess the survey respondents' opinions on what are the obstacles to firm growth and performance.

Geographic coverage

Metro Manila, NCR excluding Manila, Metro Cebu, Central Luzon, and Calabarzon

Analysis unit

The primary sampling unit of the study is the establishment. An establishment is a physical location where business is carried out and where industrial operations take place or services are provided. A firm may be composed of one or more establishments. For example, a brewery may have several bottling plants and several establishments for distribution. For the purposes of this survey an establishment must make its own financial decisions and have its own financial statements separate from those of the firm. An establishment must also have its own management and control over its payroll.

Universe

The whole population, or universe of the study, is the non-agricultural economy. It comprises: all manufacturing sectors according to the group classification of ISIC Revision 3.1: (group D), construction sector (group F), services sector (groups G and H), and transport, storage, and communications sector (group I). Note that this definition excludes the following sectors: financial intermediation (group J), real estate and renting activities (group K, except sub-sector 72, IT, which was added to the population under study), and all public or utilities-sectors.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sample was selected using stratified random sampling. Three levels of stratification were used in this country: industry, establishment size, and region.

Industry stratification was designed in the way that follows: the universe was stratified into five manufacturing industries and two services industries: Food and Beverages (ISIC Rev. 3.1 code 15), Garments (ISIC code 18), Non-metallic mineral products (ISIC code 26), Fabricated metal products (ISIC code 28), Other Manufacturing (ISIC codes 16,17, 19-25, 27, 29-37), Retail (ISIC code 52) and Other Services (ISIC codes 45, 50, 51, 55, 60-64, and 72).

Size stratification was defined following the standardized definition for the rollout: small (5 to 19 employees), medium (20 to 99 employees), and large (more than 99 employees).

Regional stratification for the Philippines ES was done across five regions: Metro Manila, NCR excluding Manila, Metro Cebu, Central Luzon, and Calabarzon.

The sample frame consisted of listings of firms from two sources: First, for panel firms the list of 1326 firms from the Philippines 2009 ES was used. Second, for fresh firms (i.e., firms not covered in 2009), economic census data from Philippines Statistics Authority (PSA) was used.

The quality of the frame was enhanced by the verification process conducted by OIJ Business Partners. However, the sample frame was not immune from the typical problems found in establishment surveys: positive rates of non-eligibility, repetition, non-existent units, etc.

Given the impact that non-eligible units included in the sample universe may have on the results, adjustments may be needed when computing the appropriate weights for individual observations. The percentage of confirmed non-eligible units as a proportion of the total number of sampled establishments contacted for the survey was 3.7% (135 out of 3,649 establishments).

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The structure of the data base reflects the fact that two different versions of the survey instrument were used for all registered establishments. Questionnaires have common questions (core module) and respectfully additional manufacturing- and services-specific questions. The eligible manufacturing industries have been surveyed using the Manufacturing questionnaire (includes the core module, plus manufacturing specific questions). Retail firms have been interviewed using the Services questionnaire (includes the core module plus retail specific questions) and the residual eligible services have been covered using the Services questionnaire (includes the core module). Each variation of the questionnaire is identified by the index variable, a0.

Cleaning operations

Data entry and quality controls are implemented by the contractor and data is delivered to the World Bank in batches (typically 10%, 50% and 100%). These data deliveries are checked for logical consistency, out of range values, skip patterns, and duplicate entries. Problems are flagged by the World Bank and corrected by the implementing contractor through data checks, callbacks, and revisiting establishments.

Response rate

Survey non-response must be differentiated from item non-response. The former refers to refusals to participate in the survey altogether whereas the latter refers to the refusals to answer some specific questions. Enterprise Surveys suffer from both problems and different strategies were used to address these issues.

Item non-response was addressed by two strategies: a- For sensitive questions that may generate negative reactions from the respondent, such as corruption or tax evasion, enumerators were instructed to collect "Refusal to respond" (-8) as a different option from "Don't know" (-9). b- Establishments with incomplete information were re-contacted in order to complete this information, whenever necessary.

Survey non-response was addressed by maximizing efforts to contact establishments that were initially selected for interview. Attempts were made to contact the establishment for interview at different times/days of the week before a replacement establishment (with similar strata characteristics) was suggested for interview. Survey non-response did occur but substitutions were made in order to potentially achieve strata-specific goals.

The number of interviews per contacted establishments was 0.36. This number is the result of two factors: explicit refusals to participate in the survey, as reflected by the rate of rejection (which includes rejections of the screener and the main survey) and the quality of the sample frame, as represented by the presence of ineligible units. The number of rejections per contact was 0.34.

Abstract

The GYTS is a school-based survey which uses a self-administered questionnaire to monitor tobacco use among youth and to guide the implementation and evaluation of tobacco prevention and control programmes.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

Individuals

Universe

School-going adolescents aged 13-15 years.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

GYTS uses a global standardized methodology that includes a two-stage sample design with schools selected with a probability proportional to enrollment size. The classes within selected schools are chosen randomly and all students in selected classes are eligible to participate in the survey.

A total of 4,033 students aged 13-15 in years 2nd, 3rd and 4th completed the survey.

Mode of data collection

self-administered

Cleaning operations

All data processing (scanning, cleaning, editing, and weighting) was conducted at the US Centers for Disease Control.

Response rate

The overall response rate was 84.8%.

Abstract

The GSHS is a school-based survey which uses a self-administered questionnaire to obtain data on young people's health behaviour and protective factors related to the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among children and adults worldwide.

Geographic coverage

National, Luzon, Mindanao and Visayas

Analysis unit

Individuals

Universe

School-going adolescents aged 13-15 years.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The 2011 Philippines GSHS was a school-based survey of students in grades 1st-4th. A two-stage cluster sample design was used to produce data representative of all students in grades 1st-4th in Philippines. At the first stage, schools were selected with probability proportional to enrollment size. At the second stage, classes were randomly selected and all students in selected classes were eligible to participate

Mode of data collection

self-administered

Research instrument

The following core modules were included in the survey: - alcohol use - dietary behaviours - drug use - hygiene - mental health - physical activity - protective factors - tobacco use - violence and unintentional injury

Cleaning operations

All data processing (scanning, cleaning, editing, and weighting) was conducted at the US Centers for Disease Control.

Response rate

National: The school response rate was 97%, the student response rate was 84%, and the overall response rate was 82%. Luzon: The school response rate was 100%, the student response rate was 86%, and the overall response rate was 86%. Mindanao: The school response rate was 96%, the student response rate was 83%, and the overall response rate was 79%. Visayas: The school response rate was 96%, the student response rate was 84%, and the overall response rate was 81%.

From 2022 to 2023, the research team conducted questionnaire surveys and interviews with local Chinese teachers and educational administrators in 136 public secondary schools across the Philippines that offer the SPFL (Chinese courses). The subjects of this study are the Chinese language learning needs of native Filipino youths within the national education system. During this period, the research team distributed 183 questionnaires and collected 150 valid responses. The respondents included 118 local teachers and 32 educational administrators. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 100 individuals, including 32 principals (administrative staff) and 66 local teachers.

Abstract

Objectives:

The Labor Force Survey (LFS) aims to provide a quantitative framework for the preparation of plans and formulation of policies affecting the labor market.

Specifically, the survey is designed to provide statistics on levels and trends of employment, unemployment and underemployment for the country as a whole, and for each of the administrative regions.

Importance of the Labor Force Survey:

a. It provides a quantitative framework for the preparation of plans and formulation of policies affecting the labor market towards 1) creation and generation of gainful employment and livelihood opportunities 2) reduction of unemployment and promotion of employment 3) improvement of working conditions 4) enhancement of the welfare of a working person b. It provides statistics on levels and trends of employment and unemployment and underemployment for the country and regions; c. It is used for the projection of future manpower, which when compared with the future manpower requirements, will help identify employment and training needs; d. It helps in the assessment of the potential human resource available for economic development; and e. It identifies the differences in employment, unemployment, and underemployment according to the different economic, social and ethnic groups existing within the population.

Geographic coverage

The geographic coverage consists of the country's 17 administrative regions. The 17 regions are:

Region I - Ilocos,
Region II - Cagayan Valley, Region III - Central Luzon, Region IV-A - Calabarzon, Region IV-B - Mimaropa Region V - Bicol,
Region VI - Western Visayas,
Region VII - Central Visayas,
Region VIII - Eastern Visayas,
Region IX - Zamboanga Peninsula,
Region X - Northern Mindanao,
Region XI - Davao,
Region XII - Soccksargen,
Region XIII - National Capital Region (NCR),
Region XIV - Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR),
Region XV - Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) Region XVI - Caraga,

Starting this July 2003 round of the Labor Force Survey, the generation of the labor force and employment statistics adopted the 2003 Master Sample Design. - Using this new master sample design, the number of samples increased from 41,000 to around 51,000 sample households. - The province of Basilan is grouped under Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao while Isabela City (Basilan) is now grouped under Region IX. This is in consonance with the regional grouping under Executive Order No. 36. - The 1992 four-digit code for Philippine Standard Occupational Classification (PSOC) and 1994 Philippine Standard Industry Classification (PSIC) were used in classifying the occupation and industry. - Because of unavailability of data files for the province of Zamboanga Sibugay of Region IX and the provinces of Sulu and Lanao del Sur of ARMM on cut-off date, estimates at the national level and for the two regions exclude those of the said three provinces. Estimates for the three provinces will be included in the Final Results.

Analysis unit

Individuals

Universe

The LFS has as its target population, all household members of the sample housing units nationwide. A household is defined as an aggregate of persons, generally but not necessarily bound by ties of kinship, who live together under the same roof and eat together or share in common the household food. Household membership comprises the head of the household, relatives living with him such as his or her spouse, children, parent, brother or sister, son-in-law or daughter-in-law, grandson or granddaughter, and other relatives. Household membership likewise includes boarders, domestic helpers and non-relatives. A person who lives alone is considered a separate household.

Persons who reside in the institutions are not within the scope of the survey.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sampling design of the Labor Force Survey (LFS) uses the sampling design of the 2003 Master Sample (MS) for Household Surveys that started July 2003.

Sampling Frame

As in most household surveys, the 2003 MS used an area sample design. The Enumeration Area Reference File (EARF) of the 2000 Census of Population and Housing (CPH) was utilized as sampling frame. The EARF contains the number of households by enumeration area (EA) in each barangay. This frame was used to form the primary sampling units (PSUs). With consideration of the period for which the 2003 MS will be in use, the PSUs were formed/defined as a barangay or a combination of barangays with at least 500 households.

Stratification Scheme

Startification involves the division of the entire population into non-overlapping subgroups called starta. Prior to sample selection, the PSUs in each domain were stratified as follows: 1) All large PSUs were treated as separate strata and were referred to as certainty selections (self-representing PSUs). A PSU was considered large if it has a large probability of selection. 2) All other PSUs were then stratified by province, highly urbanized city (HUC) and independent component city (ICC). 3) Within each province/HUC/ICC, the PSUs were further stratified or grouped with respect to some socio-economic variables that were related to poverty incidence. These variables were: (a) the proportion of strongly built houses (PSTRONG); (b) an indication of the proportion of households engaged in agriculture (AGRI); and (c) the per-capita income (PERCAPITA).

Sample Selection

To have some control over the subsample size, the PSUs were selected with probability proportional to some estimated measure of size. The size measure refers to the total number of households from the 2000 CPH. Because of the wide variation in PSU sizes, PSUs with selection probabilities greater than 1 were identified and were included in the sample as certainty selections.

At the second stage, enumeration areas (EAs) were selected within sampled PSUs, and at the third stage, housing units were selected within sampled EAs. Generally, all households in sampled housing units were enumerated, except for few cases when the number of households in a housing unit exceeds three. In which case, a sample of three households in a sampled housing unit was selected at random with equal probability.

An EA is defined as an area with discernable boundaries within barangays, consisting of about 150 contiguous households. These EAs were identified during the 2000 CPH. A housing unit is a structurally separate and independent place of abode which, by the way it has been constructed, converted, or arranged, is intended for habitation by a household

Sample Size

The 2003 Master Sample consist of a sample of 2,835 PSUs of which 330 were certainty PSUs and 2,505 were non certainty PSUs. The number of households for the 2000 CPH was used as measure of size. The entire MS was divided into four sub-samples or independent replicates, such as a quarter sample contains one fourth of the PSUs found in one replicate; a half-sample contains one-half of the PSUs in two replicates. Thus, the survey covers a nationwide sample of about 51,000 households deemed sufficient to measure the levels of employment and unemployment at the national and regional levels.

Strategy for non-response

Replacement of sample households within the sample housing units is allowed only if the listed sample households had moved out of the housing unit. Replacement should be the household currently residing in the sample housing unit previously occupied by the original sample.

Sampling deviation

Starting the July 2003 round of the Labor Force Survey, the generation of the labor force and employment statistics adopted the 2003 Master Sample Design. - Using this new master sample design, the number of samples increased from 41,000 to around 51,000 sample households.

• The province of Basilan is grouped under Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao while Isabela City (Basilan) is now grouped under Region IX. This is to adopt the regional grouping under Executive Order No.36.
• The 1992 four-digit code for Philippine Standard Occupational Classification (PSOC) and 1994 Philippine Standard Industry Classification (PSIC) were used in classifying the occupation and industry.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

ISH FORM 2 (LFS questionnaire) is a four-page, forty four-column questionnaire that is being used in the quarterly rounds of the Labor Force Survey nationwide. This questionnaire gathers data on the demographic and economic characteristics of the population.

On the first page of the questionnaire, the particulars about the geographic location, design codes and household auxiliary information of the sample household that is being interviewed are to be recorded. Certifications by the enumerator and his supervisor regarding the manner by which the data are collected are likewise to be made on this page.

The inside pages of the questionnaire contain the items to be determined about each member of the sample household. Columns 2 to 11 are for the demographic characteristics; columns 2 to 7A are to be ascertained of all members of the household regardless of age. Columns 8 to 9 are asked for members 5 years old and over, while column 10 is asked for members 5 to 24 years old, column 11, for 15 years old and over, while columns 12 to 16 are asked for members 5 years old and over. Items 18 to 44 on the other hand, are the series of items that will be asked of all the members 15 years old and over to determine their labor force and employment characteristics.

Most of the

Abstract

The Philippines COVID-19 Households Survey represents an important part of the World Bank’s real time monitoring of COVID-19 impacts along with firm and community surveys. It aims to assess the impact of the pandemic on households’ food security and welfare, their coping strategies, education, socio-emotional state, and public policy responses. A survey firm carried out phone surveys (based on a sample frame that the firm has maintained) and self-administered web surveys facilitated by Telecommunication Firms’ (Telcos) text blasts and social media advertisement campaigns distributing the web link to the survey questions. The survey instrument and procedures have been designed in accordance with the best practices laid out by the World Bank’s COVID-19 methodology and measurement task force. The average length of the survey was 30-40 minutes and were rolled out during key periods at the course of the pandemic.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

Household, individuals

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The mixed method combining both phone and web-based surveys was employed to ensure coverage of individuals from different socio-economic backgrounds. In the self-administered online survey (CAWI), respondents received notifications through text blast and social media ads. The text blast was coordinated by the National Economic Development Authority through the National Telecommunications Commission. In the other hand, the phone survey (CATI) specifically targeted to lower income households from an existing list of the partner survey firm with a target sample of 3,000 respondents.

Sampling deviation

In rounds 2 and 3, the survey was limited to phone interviews (CATI) from the panel of 5,049 respondents in round 1. Target number of respondents was 3,000.

The team decided to simplify the methodology in the succeeding rounds due to resource constraints.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Telephone Interview [cati]

Research instrument

The questionnaire had core modules that were collected in each round and additional modules on focus topics. Following are the topics covered: 1) Demographics and housing characteristics (round 1) 2) Knowledge of COVID-19: awareness and behavior (round 1) 3) Government action (rounds 1, 2) 4) Access to transportation (rounds 1, 2) 5) Access to food (rounds 1, 2) 6) Access to health services (rounds 1, 2) 7) Access to education (rounds 1) 8) Access to finances (rounds 1) 9) Employment and income sources (rounds 1) 10) Coping mechanisms and safety nets (rounds 1)

Cleaning operations

Initial data cleaning was done by the survey firm in close coordination with the World Bank team. Consistency checks and formatting was done further by the World Bank team during the analysis of the data.

Response rate

Following were the final sample for each round: Round 1 - 9,448 Round 2 - 1,805 Round 3 - 2,122

Abstract

The STEP Measurement program is the first ever initiative to generate internationally comparable data on skills available in developing countries. The program implements standardized surveys to gather information on the supply and distribution of skills and the demand for skills in labor market of low-income countries.

The uniquely-designed Household Survey includes modules that measure the cognitive skills (reading, writing and numeracy), socio-emotional skills (personality, behavior and preferences) and job-specific skills (subset of transversal skills with direct job relevance) of a representative sample of adults aged 15 to 64 living in urban areas, whether they work or not. The cognitive skills module also incorporates a direct assessment of reading literacy based on the Survey of Adults Skills instruments. Modules also gather information about family, health and language.

Geographic coverage

The STEP survey was limited to the Urban Areas.

Analysis unit

The units of analysis are the individual respondents and households. A household roster is undertaken at the start of the survey and the individual respondent is randomly selected among all household members aged 15 to 64 included. The random selection process was designed by the STEP team and compliance with the procedure is carefully monitored during fieldwork.

Universe

The target population is defined as all non-institutionalized persons aged 15 to 64 (inclusive) living in private dwellings in the urban areas of the country at the time of the data collection. This includes all residents, except foreign diplomats and non-nationals working for international organizations.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The Philippines sample design is a 4-stage sample design. There was no explicit stratification but the sample is implicitly stratified by Urban Region. Implicit stratification was achieved by sorting the PSUs by Urban Region and selecting a systematic sample of PSUs.

• First Stage Sample: The primary sample unit (PSU) is a Barangay Segment. The first stage units were selected by the World Bank Survey Methodologist. Each PSU is uniquely defined by the sample frame variable ‘SEG#_BGY’, i.e., the Segment ID# within a Barangay. The sampling objective was to conduct interviews in 200 PSUs. In addition, 25 extra PSUs were selected for use in case it was impossible to conduct any interviews in one or more initially selected PSUs. (N.B. None of the 25 extra PSUs were required to be activated.)

• Second Stage Sample: The second stage sample unit (SSU) is a dwelling. The sampling objective was to obtain interviews at 15 dwellings within each selected PSU. The dwellings were selected in each PSU using a systematic random method.

• Third Stage Sample: The third stage sample unit is a household. The sampling objective is to select one household within each selected dwelling. The households are randomly selected with equal probability in each PSU. N.B. The Philippines firm indicated that all selected dwellings contained one household, i.e., there were no multiple household dwellings in the STEP sample.

• Fourth Stage Sample: The third stage sample unit was an individual aged 15-64 (inclusive). The sampling objective was to select one individual with equal probability from each selected household.

SAMPLE SIZE

The Philippines firm’s sampling objective is to obtain interviews from 3000 individuals in the urban areas of Philippines.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The STEP survey instruments include:

• Background Questionnaire developed by the WB STEP team

• Reading Literacy Assessment developed by Educational Testing Services (ETS).

All countries adapted and translated both instruments following the STEP Technical Standards: 2 independent translators adapted and translated the Background Questionnaire and Reading Literacy Assessment, while reconciliation was carried out by a third translator. The WB STEP team and ETS collaborated closely with the survey firms during the process and reviewed the adaptation and translation (using a back translation).

Cleaning operations

STEP Data Management Process:

1. Raw data is sent by the survey firm. All coding and scoring (of the Reading Literacy Assessment booklets) is carried out by the survey firms, following STEP Technical Standards. Training was provided to the survey firms at the start of the project.

2. The WB STEP team runs data checks on the Background Questionnaire data. ETS runs data checks on the Reading Literacy Assessment data. Comments and questions are sent back to the survey firm.

3. The survey firm reviews comments and questions. When a data entry error is identified, the survey firm corrects the data.

4. The WB STEP team and ETS check the data files are clean. This might require additional iterations with the survey firm.

5. Once the data has been checked and cleaned, the WB STEP team computes the weights. Weights are computed by the STEP team to ensure consistency across sampling methodologies.

6. ETS scales the Reading Literacy Assessment data.

7. The WB STEP team merges the Background Questionnaire data with the Reading Literacy Assessment data and computes derived variables. Detailed information data processing in STEP surveys is provided in the "Guidelines for STEP Data Entry Programs", provided as an external resource.

Response rate

An overall response rate of 94.8% was achieved in the Philippines STEP Survey.

Sampling error estimates

A weighting documentation was prepared for each participating country and provides some information on sampling errors. All country weighting documentations are provided as an external resource.

Abstract

The Palay Production Survey is one of the two modules of the Palay and Corn Production Survey (PCPS), formerly known as the Rice and Corn Production Survey (RCPS).

The Palay Production Survey (PPS) 2009 was a quarterly survey conducted by the Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS). It aimed to generate estimates on palay production, area and yield and other related information at the provincial level. It was conducted in four rounds, namely: January, April, July and October. Each round generated estimates for the immediate past quarter and forecasts for the next two quarters. Results of the survey served as inputs to planners and policy makers on matters concerning the rice industry.

Geographic coverage

National Coverage

Analysis unit

Households

Universe

Farming households in palay producing barangays.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sampling procedure used in the Palay Production Survey 2009 (PPS 2009) was first implemented in 1994. This was a replicated two-stage stratified sampling design with province as the domain, barangay as the primary sampling unit (PSU) and farming household as the secondary sampling unit (SSU).

The results of the 1991 Census of Agriculture and Fisheries (CAF 1991) served as sampling frame at the PSU and SSU levels. In the said census, the largest barangay in a municipality was taken with certainty while a 50 percent sampling rate was used for selecting the remaining barangays in the municipality. This scheme effectively resulted in the generation of two sub universes: a sub universe of barangays with probability of selection equal to one (these barangays were called 'certainty barangays') and another sub universe of barangays with probability of selection equal to 0.5. This characteristic of the CAF 1991 data was used in the selection of sample barangays for the PPS.

The barangays were arrayed in ascending order based on palay area then stratified such that the aggregate palay area of the barangays belonging to one stratum is more or less equal to the aggregate palay area of the barangays in any other stratum. Ten strata were formed for major palay producing provinces and five for minor producing provinces. In all these provinces, the last stratum consisted of the certainty barangays per CAF 1991 design.

For each stratum, four (4) sample barangays were drawn independently using probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling with the barangay's palay area as size measure. This resulted with four (4) independent sets of barangays (i.e., four replicates) for the province. Systematic sampling was used in drawing the sample farming households in each sample barangay.

For economic reasons, sample size per barangay was limited to a minimum of four (4) and a maximum of twenty-five (25). To correct for this limitation of the design, the use of household weights was instituted. A detailed discussion of weighting in the PPS is included in the survey's estimation procedure attached as a technical document.

In November 2007, an updating of the list of farming households in all palay sample barangays nationwide was done to address the problem of non-response due to transfer of residence, stoppage of farm operation, passing away of operator etc. Consequently, a new set of sample households was drawn.

Absent respondents such as refusals, not at home, unknown and transferred to another barangay were treated as missing and were replaced at the central office for the next quarter's survey. The replacement samples were taken from the list of replacements (farming households) for the barangay and were reflected in the list of sample households for the next round.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face paper [f2f]

Cleaning operations

Prior to data encoding, the accomplished survey returns were manually edited and coded. Manual editing was the checking of responses to the Palay Production Survey (PPS) questionnaire in terms of acceptability and validity. This activity was aimed at improving the quality of data collected by the CDCs. It involved the checking of data items based on criteria like completeness of data, consistency with other data items and data ranges. Coding was the assignment of alpha-numeric codes to questionnaire items to facilitate encoding.

Encoded data were subjected to computerized editing using a customized editing program. The editing program took into consideration the validation criteria such as validity, completeness and consistency with other data items. This activity was done to capture invalid entries that were overlooked during manual editing. An error listing was produced as output of the process. The errors reflected in said lists were verified vis-à-vis the questionnaires. The data files were updated based on the corrections made. Editing and updating were performed iteratively until a clean, error-free data file was generated.

Completeness check was done to compare the data file against a master file of barangays to check if the sample barangays have been completely surveyed or not. This activity was done after a clean, error-free data file was generated.

Response rate

Response rate refers to the ratio of sample households who responded to the survey to the total number of sample households, expressed as a percentage. For Palay Production Survey (PPS), responding samples include farming households who are into palay farming (code 10), those who are into other agricultural activities or with no agricultural activities during the reference period (code 20).

The PPS 2009 response rates were as follows: 1. April 2009 Round - 91.54% 2. July 2009 Round - 90.93% 3. October 2009 Round - 94.21% 4. January 2010 Round - 92.76%

Data appraisal

To ensure the quality of its statistical services, the BAS has mainstreamed in its statistical system for generating production statistics, a quarterly data review and validation process. This is undertaken at the provincial, regional and national levels to incorporate the impact of events not captured in the survey.

The data review process starts at the data collection stage and continues up to the processing and tabulation of results. However, data examination is formalized during the provincial data review since it is at this stage where the data at the province-level is analyzed as a whole. The process involves analyzing the survey data in terms of completeness, consistency among variables, trend and concentration of the data and presence of extreme observations. Correction of spotted errors in the data is done afterwards. The output of the process is a clean data file used in the re-computation of survey estimates.

The estimates generated from the clean data set are thoroughly analyzed and validated with auxiliary information to incorporate the impact of information and events not captured by the survey. These information include results of the Monthly Palay and Corn Survey Report (MPCSR), historical data series, report on weather condition, area and crop condition, irrigation, levels of inputs usage, supply and demand, marketing of agricultural products, and information on rice and corn program implementation.

Abstract

The 2008 Annual Poverty Indicators Survey (APIS) is conducted by the National Statistics Office (NSO) as a rider to the July 2008 Labor Force Survey (LFS). The 2008 APIS is the sixth in the series of annual poverty indicators surveys conducted nationwide. Since 1998, APIS has been conducted during the years when the Family Income and Expenditures Survey (FIES) is not conducted, except in 2001 and 2005 due to budgetary constraints.

The APIS is a nationwide survey designed to provide non-income indicators related to poverty at the national and regional levels. It is designed to gather data on the socio-economic profile of families and other information that are related to their living conditions. Specifically, it generates indicators which are correlated with poverty, such as indicators regarding the ownership or possession of house and lot, the types of the materials of the roofs and walls of their housing units, their access to safe water, the types of toilet facility they use in their homes, and presence of family members of specified characteristics such as children 6-12 years old enrolled in elementary, children 13-16 years old enrolled in high school, members 18 years old and over gainfully employed, working children 5-17 years old and family members with membership in any health, life and/or pre-need insurance system.

The APIS is being undertaken by the National Statistics Office as mandataed by Commonwealth Act 591 which authorizes the then Bureau of the Census and Statistics, now NSO, "to conduct by enumeration, sampling or other methods, for statistical purposes, studies of the social and economic situation of the country" and in consonance with the provision of Executive Order 121 which designated the office as the "major statistical agency responsible for generating general purpose statistics.

Geographic coverage

National Coverage Seventeen (17) Administrative Regions: National Capital Region (NCR) Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) I - Ilocos II - Cagayan Valley III - Central Luzon IVA - CALABARZON IVB - MIMAROPA V - Bicol VI - Western Visayas VII - Central Visayas VIII - Eastern Visayas IX - Zamboanga Peninsula X - Northern Mindanao XI - Davao XII - SOCCSKSARGEN XIII - Caraga Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM)

Analysis unit

Households

Universe

The survey covered all households.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The 2008 APIS is a sample survey designed to provide data representative of the country and its 17 administrative regions. The survey's sample design helps ensure this representativeness. The 2008 APIS used the 2003 master sample created for household surveys on the basis of the 2000 Census of Population and Housing (CPH) results. The survey used four replicates of the master sample. For each region (domain) and stratum, a three-stage sampling scheme was used: the selection of primary sampling units (PSUs) for the first stage, of sample enumeration areas (EAs) for the second stage, and of sample housing units for the third stage. PSUs within a region were stratified based on the proportion of households living in housing units made of strong materials, proportion of households in the barangay engaged in agricultural activities and per capita income of the city/municipality.

As earlier mentioned, a three-stage sampling design was used in each stratum within a region. In the first stage, primary sampling units (PSUs) were selected with probability proportional to the number of households in the 2000 Census. PSUs consisted of a barangay or a group of contiguous barangays. In the second stage, in each sampled PSU, EAs were selected with probability proportional to the number of households in the 2000 Census. An EA is defined as an area with discernable boundaries consisting of approximately 350 contiguous households. In the third stage, from each sampled EA, housing units were selected using systematic sampling. For operational considerations, at most 30 housing units were selected per sample EA. All households in sample housing units were interviewed except for sample housing units with more than three households. In such a housing unit, three households were randomly selected with equal probability.

The 2008 APIS was conducted simultaneously with the July 2008 Labor Force Survey (LFS). All sample households of the July 2008 LFS were interviewed for the 2008 APIS. Only household members related to the household head by blood, marriage or adoption were considered as members of the sample household in APIS. Family members of the household head who are working abroad were excluded.

Sampling deviation

NA

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Although questions on 'Changes in Welfare' were dropped and some items were modified for the 2008 APIS, most of the questions/items in the previous APISs were retained as requested by data users. Nine items were added in order to generate data that will be more useful in assessing the poverty situation in the country. The new questionnaire for the 2008 contains the abridged version of the module on entrepreneurial activities resulting to the reduction of the number of pages from 24 to 12. The decision to use the abridged version was based on the results of the study entitled “Redesigning APIS as a Poverty Monitoring Tool” undertaken by the Demographic and Social Statistics Division in 2006. The redesigned questionnaire produced results which are not statistically different from results based on the original design in 2004. The use of the redesigned questionnaire is also cost-efficient.

A round table discussion was held for the 2008 APIS before the conduct of the pretest. The redesigned APIS questionnaire based from the project's output was presented. It was agreed upon during this meeting to adopt the redesigned APIS for this round of APIS, with the addition of item on 'Hunger'.

Cleaning operations

Flow of Processing Activity

In order to implement a systematic flow of the processing activities and reduce the movement of questionnaires from one employee to another, the same processor performed the following specific activities for the same folio. 1. General screening; 2. Editing and coding of APIS questionnaires and computations of totals ; and 3. General review of edited APIS questionnaire.

Folioing

To facilitate handling during manual and machine processing, APIS questionnaires were folioed in the Provincial Office before the start of manual processing.

The APIS questionnaires for one sample barangay/EA contained in the folio was arranged consecutively according to the sample housing serial number (SHSN) from lowest to highest.

General Screening

General screening was done by going over the submitted accomplished questionnaires and checking for the completeness of the geographic identification and other information called for in the cover page.

General screening for APIS questionnaires was done to ensure that the geographic and household identification and the entire sample households are the same with the MS Form 6.

General Instructions on Manual Processing

The following instructions was observed in manual processing.

1. Prior to editing and coding of items, the questionnaires were checked if they were properly folioed. Folioing was done in the province. Regional Offices checked if folioing was done properly by the Provincial Offices.

2. All questionnaires for one folio was assigned to only one editor/coder, unless otherwise necessary (e.g., when the one who is processing a folio is absent for more than a day).

3. In general, the editors assumed that the original entries are correct. Editing was done only when an entry is obviously incorrect. A doubtful or inconsistent item was verified in the field.

Response rate

Of the 43,020 eligible sample households for the 2008 APIS, 40,613 were successfully interviewed. This translated to a response rate of 94.4 percent at the national level. Households which were not interviewed either refused to be interviewed or were not available or were away during the enumeration period.

Sampling error estimates

Sampling errors have been calculated for the following variables: 1) Percentage of Families with Own or Ownerlike Possession of House and Lot they Occupy 2) Percentage of Families Living in Houses with Roof Made of Strong Materials 3) Percentage of Families Living in Houses with Outer Walls Made of Strong Materials 4) Percentage of Families with Electricity in the Building/House They Reside in 5) Percentage of Families with Access to Safe Water Supply 6) Percentage of Families with Sanitary Toilet 7) Percentage of Families with Children 6-12 Years Old in Elementary Grades 8) Percentage of Families with Children 13-16 Years Old in High School 9) Percentage of Families with Members 18 Years Old and Over Gainfully Employed 10) Percentage of Families with Working Children 5-17 Years Old 11) Average Family Income 12) Average Family Expenditure

Data appraisal

A series of data quality tables were generated to review the quality of the data and include the following: - Age distribution of the household population - Highest grade completed versus current grade - Highest grade completed versus age - Current grade versus age - Reason for not attending school versus highest grade completed - Reason for not attending school versus current grade - Marital status versus age - Consistency of income vs. expenditure

This data set contains the 2003 and 2004 rounds of the Bukidnon Panel Survey, a survey spanning 19 years. Bukidnon is a landlocked province in the Philippines comprising 20 municipalities and two cities, Malaybalay and Valencia, on the island of Mindanao. The first rounds, in 1984 and 1985, collected data on food and nonfood expenditures, agricultural production, income, asset ownership, credit use, anthropometry and morbidity, education, and 24-hour food consumption recall. These rounds are also available from IFPRI’s website at this link. The 2003 and 2004 rounds, covering the originally sampled households and the households of children of the original householders – both those that live locally and migrants. The data cover similar topics as did the 1984/5 survey. These data are part of a rare long-term panel study that follows the migrant children of the households originally surveyed. They include sample and attrition weights, consumption and income aggregates, spatial data, and a good mapping of the 2003/4 rounds onto the 1984/5 rounds. Source: The survey was administered by Research Institute for Mindanao Culture, Xavier University, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines. The Questionnaire was developed by the International Food Policy Research Institute in collaboration with the Research Institute for Mindanao Culture. The funding for the project was provided by the Broadening Access to Input Markets and Services Collaborative Research Support Project (BASIS-CRSP) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the Department for Inter national Development (DFID) of the UK, and the HarvestPlus Challenge Program of the CGIAR.

Abstract

The UNHCR Livelihoods Monitoring Framework takes a program-based approach to monitoring, with the aim of tracking both outputs and the impact of UNHCR dollars spent on programming (either via partners or through direct implementation).

The process for developing the indicators began in 2015 with a review of existing tools and approaches. Consultations were held with governments, the private sector, field-based staff and civil society partners to devise a set of common, standardized measures rooted in global good practices.

Since 2017, a data collection (survey) has been rolled out globally, and the participating operations conducted a household surveys to a sample of beneficiaries of each livelihoods project implemented by UNHCR and its partner. The dataset consists of baseline and endline data from the same sample beneficiaries, in order to compare before and after the project implementation and thus to measure the impact.

More info is available on the official website: https://lis.unhcr.org

Analysis unit

Household

Sampling procedure

The sampling was conducted by each participating operations based on general sampling guidance provided as the following: - At least 100 randomly selected beneficiaries for each project - Representativeness of sub-groups (gender, camp, etc.) should be kept as much as possible - Baseline and endline beneficiaries should be the same

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Questionnaire contains the following sections: - partner information - general information on beneficiary - agriculture - self-employment - wage-employment

Abstract

The survey aimed to generate updated data on levels and structure of production costs and returns. Specifically, it was conducted to detemine the indicators of profitability such as gross and net returns, returns above cash costs, net profit - cost ratio, etc.; usage of materials and labor inputs; and other related socio-economic variables including information on new production technologies.

Geographic coverage

National Coverage

Analysis unit

Households

Universe

The survey covered farmers who harvested camote (potato) within the reference period and knowledgeable on the details of camote (potato) farming particularly on investments, material inputs, labor expenses incurred and disposition of produce.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The domain of the survey was the province. A two-stage sampling design was employed with the barangay as the primary sampling unit and the sample farmer as the secondary sampling unit. The top producing barangays were selected from an ordered list of barangays. The sample farmers were identified in each sample barangay using snowball approach during data collection.

The total number of sample barangays per province was fifteen or less. If the number of major producing barangays that contributed to 80 percent based on area planted were more than 15, 15 barangays were selected. Those provinces with less than 15 barangays that produced sweet potato were completely enumerated. This approach ensured representation of the barangays in the province in terms of area planted to sweet potato. The total number of sample farmers per province was set at 75 and equally allocated to the sample barangays. The list of sample barangays per province and corresponding number of samples were provided to the Provincial Operations Center (POC) of the former Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS) prior to the survey.

During data collection, the names and addresses of sweet potato farmers residing in the barangay were obtained from the office of the barangay chairman or any other key informants in the barangay. It served as the data collector's starting point in searching for potential sample farmers. The target numbers of sweet potato farmers in the sample barangays were obtained using snowball sampling. A set of screening questions was applied to confirm if those listed actually harvested sweet potato during the reference period and satisfied the other criteria to qualify for enumeration.

Whether the interviewed farmer was qualified for the survey or not, he/she was asked to identify other sweet potato farmers in the barangay to be added in the initial list. The search continued, and the farmer who met the criteria specified in the screening questions was qualified as sample for the survey and was interviewed using the questionnaire for the 2014 Survey on Costs and Returns of Sweet Potato (camote (potato)) Production. If the interview was successfully carried out (meaning, all the needed information had been supplied), the household number, full name and residential address of the sample farmer were written in the List of Sample Farmers. The enumerator selected again any farmer in the initial list as the next potential sample for the survey. The process continued until the required number of samples in the barangay was obtained.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face paper [f2f]

Cleaning operations

Editing and coding of data were done at the provincial offices upon submission of the accomplished questionnaires by the CDCs. These activities were undertaken to ensure the quality of data that were collected.

A five (5) day training/workshop on data processing was conducted to facilitate the generation of survey results. It was attended by the Provincial Processing Officers (PPOs) or staff in-charge of other crops and selected staff of the Agricultural Accounts and Statistical Indicators Division (AASID).

The training/workshop covered data encoding, data review, cleaning and updating of flat files using MS Excel program developed by AASID. During the training/workshop, completeness check, consistency checks and accuracy checks were done to ensure quality of data. The output of the data review and cleaning was the final set of raw data file which was used for the generation of data tables. These data tables were validated and compared with the results of the 1998 Costs and Returns of Cassava Production and results of other relevant surveys.

The document on Editing Guidelines is provided as a Related Material.

Response rate

The survey has a response rate of 100 percent

Data appraisal

Series of reviews were done to assess the quality of the data in terms of reliability and acceptability. A comparison with the results of past surveys on input usage, labor utilization, production cost and return structure of camote (potato) was made.