Comprehensive socio-economic dataset for Svalbard and Jan Mayen including population demographics, economic indicators, geographic data, and social statistics. This dataset covers key metrics such as GDP, population density, area, capital city, and regional classifications.

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WorldPop produces different types of gridded population count datasets, depending on the methods used and end application. An overview of the data can be found in Tatem et al, and a description of the modelling methods used found in Stevens et al. The 'Global per country 2000-2020' datasets represent the outputs from a project focused on construction of consistent 100m resolution population count datasets for all countries of the World for each year 2000-2020. These efforts necessarily involved some shortcuts for consistency. The 'individual countries' datasets represent older efforts to map populations for each country separately, using a set of tailored geospatial inputs and differing methods and time periods. The 'whole continent' datasets are mosaics of the individual countries datasets

WorldPop (www.worldpop.org - School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton; Department of Geography and Geosciences, University of Louisville; Departement de Geographie, Universite de Namur) and Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), Columbia University (2018). Global High Resolution Population Denominators Project - Funded by The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1134076). https://dx.doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/WP00645

This dataset provides demographic information for the Svalbard population of pink-footed geese from 1991 to 2018. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

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Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands administrative division with aggregated population. Built from Kontur Population: Global Population Density for 400m H3 Hexagons on top of OpenStreetMap administrative boundaries data. Enriched with HASC codes for regions taken from Wikidata. Gobal version of boundaries dataset: Kontur Boundaries: Global administrative division with aggregated population

Constrained estimates, total number of people per grid-cell. The dataset is available to download in Geotiff format at a resolution of 3 arc (approximately 100m at the equator). The projection is Geographic Coordinate System, WGS84. The units are number of people per pixel. The mapping approach is Random Forest-based dasymetric redistribution.

More information can be found in the Release Statement

The difference between constrained and unconstrained is explained on this page: https://www.worldpop.org/methods/top_down_constrained_vs_unconstrained

This repository contains all raw data that was used in the study published as:

Nater, C. R., Lydersen, C., Andersen, M. and Kovacs, K. M. (2024). "Harvest sustainability assessments need rethinking under climate change: a ringed seal case study from Svalbard, Norway". Ecosphere.

The five datasets published here are the foundation of the analyses in the study, and contain demographic information from and counts of ringed seals harvested in Svalbard during periods 1981-1982, 2002-2004, and 2012-2020, as well as model- generated data on annual sea ice extent in the Isfjorden area, and a location key that links location names used in harvest data to an area delineation that separated the Isfjorden area (= study area) from the rest of Svalbard. The contents of each datasets are specified in detail below.

Processed derivatives of the raw data deposited here, which constitute the input files for the analytical code (https://zenodo.org/records/10606375), are deposited on OSF: https://osf.io/mtyu3/

DATA DESCRIPTION #

DemoData_combined.csv

About: This file summarized demographic and morphometric data obtained from harvested seals in threet ime periods: 1981-82, 2002-04, and 2012-20. This data collection is ongoing, and newer data can be requested from the Norwegian Polar Institute. In the study, these data form the basis for estimating reproductive parameters for ringed seals, and for the age-at-harvest matrix that is central to the integrated population analysis.

Columns: - IndvID -- individual identifier for harvested seals. - Date -- date of harvest/death. - Location -- name of the area where the individual was shot. - Sex -- sex of harvested individual. M = male, F = female, NA = unknown. - Length -- body length in cm. - Girth -- body circumference in cm. - Mass -- body weight in kg. - Age -- age assigned based on analysis of tooth annuli. - Maturity -- whether the individual has reached sexual maturity (1) or not (0). For females: based on presence of signs of ovulation and/or placental scars. For males: based on testis mass. - Latitude -- latitudinal coordinate for location of harvest. - Longitude -- longitudinal coordinate for location of harvest. - Blubber_back -- Back blubber layer thickness in mm. - Blubber_sternum -- Sternum blubber layer thickness in mm. - Jaw -- whether the jaw has been delivered (1) or not (NA).

NoSealsHarvested_DataSourceComp.csv

About: This files contains counts of the total numbers of ringed seals harvested annually in Svalbard. The table combines information from three different, separately curated time-series: demogaphic data from the Norwegian Polar Institute, records from the governor of Svalbard, and numbers extracted from the online platform "iNatur". In the study, the maximum number across the three data sources is treated as a "minimum number" of ringed seals harvested per year and contributes to quantifying harvest mortality.

Columns: - Year -- calendar year of harvest reports. - No_Demo -- number of harvested seals recorded in demographic data (see DemoData_combined.csv). - No_Miljostatistikk -- number of harvested seals recorded in the "Svalbard Miljøstatistikk". - No_iNatur -- number of harvested seals recorded on the online platform "iNatur". - No_Licenses_Miljostatistikk -- number of active hunting licences registered in the "Svalbard Miljøstatistikk". - Comments_DemoData -- comments about potential missing information in demographic data.

iNatur_SealHarvest_2019-21.csv

About: This file contains seal harvest records downloaded from the online platform "iNatur" (https://www.inatur.no/). Seal hunters may record the locations and numbers of different animal species they shot on their hunts via this platform. In the study, this data is used to approximate the proportion of seals harvested across all of Svalbard that was shot within the Isfjorden area.

Columns: - Year -- calendar year of harvest reports. - Location -- name of the area where the individual was shot. - ReportDate -- date the data was reported to iNatur. - Storkobbe -- number of bearded seals reported shot. - Ringsel -- number of ringed seals reported shot.

SealHarvest_LocationKey.csv

About: This file contains a location key that allows determining which areas from datasets "DemoData_combined.csv" and "iNatur_SealHarvest_2019-21.csv" fall within the Isfjorden focal study area used in the analyses.

Columns: - Location -- name of the area. - IsfjordenArea -- whether the area lies within the Isfjorden study area (1) or not (0).

isfjorden_yearly_averaged.dat

About: This file contains estimates of sea ice extent and rigned seal birth lair habitat. The estimates are based on a sea ice model that has been trained daily remote sea ice observations available from the Norwegian Ice Service branch of the Norwegian Meteorological Institute. The model has been developed and estimates produced by Glen E. Liston and Adèle Reinking (Colorado State University). An article presenting the model in detail is currently in review. In the study, this data was used as a covariate representing the availability of sea ice.

Columns: - [,1] -- row number. - [,2] -- calendar year. - [,3] -- estimated fast sea ice coverage (as percentage of 5km coastal mask). - [,4] -- estimated availability of ringed seal birth lair habitat.

This dataset contains administrative polygons grouped by country (admin-0) with the following subdivisions according to Who's On First placetypes:
- macroregion (admin-1 including region)
- region (admin-2 including state, province, department, governorate)
- macrocounty (admin-3 including arrondissement)
- county (admin-4 including prefecture, sub-prefecture, regency, canton, commune)
- localadmin (admin-5 including municipality, local government area, unitary authority, commune, suburb)

The dataset also contains human settlement points and polygons for:
- localities (city, town, and village)
- neighbourhoods (borough, macrohood, neighbourhood, microhood)

The dataset covers activities carried out by Who's On First (WOF) since 2015. Global administrative boundaries and human settlements are aggregated and standardized from hundreds of sources and available with an open CC-BY license. Who's On First data is updated on an as-need basis for individual places with annual sprints focused on improving specific countries or placetypes. Please refer to the README.md file for complete data source metadata. Refer to our blog post for explanation of field names.

Data corrections can be proposed using Write Field, an web app for making quick data edits. You’ll need a Github.com account to login and propose edits, which are then reviewed by the Who's On First community using the Github pull request process. Approved changes are available for download within 24-hours. Please contact WOF admin about bulk edits.

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Discover the latest eCommerce statistics in Svalbard and Jan Mayen for 2025, including store count by category and platform, estimated sales amount by platform and category, products sold by platform and category, and total app spend by platform and category. Gain valuable insights into the retail landscape in Svalbard and Jan Mayen, uncovering the distribution of stores across categories and platforms.

Mosaiced 100m resolution global datasets. The methodology used to estimate the annual subnational census-based figures can be found in LLoyd et al (https://www. tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/20964471.2019.1625151). The mapping approach is Random Forest-based dasymetric redistribution. More info at: www.worldpop.org.

United States Exports: FAS: Svalbard, Jan Mayen Isl data was reported at 0.300 USD mn in May 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.900 USD mn for Apr 2018. United States Exports: FAS: Svalbard, Jan Mayen Isl data is updated monthly, averaging 0.000 USD mn from Jan 1991 (Median) to May 2018, with 329 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6.200 USD mn in Sep 2010 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in Mar 2018. United States Exports: FAS: Svalbard, Jan Mayen Isl data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.JA011: Trade Statistics: Census Basis: By Country: Exports: FAS.

This dataset contains GLS ear-tag data collected from 2012 to 2021. This dataset was used in Merkel et al. 2023 Light-level geolocation as a tool to monitor polar bear (Ursus maritimus) denning ecology: a case study. Animal Biotelemetry. DOI 10.1186/s40317-023-00323-4.

Quality

The dataset contains raw light level logger outputs as wel las a metadata xlsx file.

1. In species providing extended parental care, one or both parents care for altricial young over a period including more than one breeding season. We expect large parental investment and long-term dependency within family units to cause high variability in life trajectories among individuals with complex consequences at the population level. So far, models for estimating demographic parameters in free-ranging animal populations mostly ignore extended parental care, thereby limiting our understanding of its consequences on parents and offspring life histories.

2. We designed a capture-recapture multi-event model for studying the demography of species providing extended parental care. It handles statistical multiple-year dependency among individual demographic parameters grouped within family units, variable litter size, and uncertainty on the timing at offspring independence. It allows for the evaluation of trade-offs among demographic parameters, the influence of past reproductive history on the caring parent's survival status, breeding probability and litter size probability, while accounting for imperfect detection of family units. We assess the model performance using simulated data, and illustrate its use with a long-term dataset collected on the Svalbard polar bears (Ursus maritimus).

3. Our model performed well in terms of bias and mean square error and in estimating demographic parameters in all simulated scenarios, both when offspring departure probability from the family unit occurred at a constant rate or varied during the field season depending on the date of capture. For the polar bear case study, we provide estimates of adult and dependent offspring survival rates, breeding probability and litter size probability. Results showed that the outcome of the previous reproduction influenced breeding probability.

4. Overall, our results show the importance of accounting for i) the multiple-year statistical dependency within family units, ii) uncertainty on the timing at offspring independence, and iii) past reproductive history of the caring parent. If ignored, estimates obtained for breeding probability, litter size, and survival can be biased. This is of interest in terms of conservation because species providing extended parental care are often long-living mammals vulnerable or threatened with extinction.

This chart provides a detailed overview of the number of Svalbard and Jan Mayen online retailers by Monthly Views. Most Svalbard and Jan Mayen stores' Monthly Views are Less than 100, there are 1 stores, which is 25.00% of total. In second place, 1 stores' Monthly Views are 100 to 1K, which is 25.00% of total. Meanwhile, 1 stores' Monthly Views are 10K to 100K, which is 25.00% of total. This breakdown reveals insights into Svalbard and Jan Mayen stores distribution, providing a comprehensive picture of the performance and efficient of online retailer.

Norway Visitor Arrivals: AE: Svalbard: Foreigners data was reported at 4,500.000 Person in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 3,854.000 Person for Feb 2025. Norway Visitor Arrivals: AE: Svalbard: Foreigners data is updated monthly, averaging 1,691.000 Person from Jan 2016 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 111 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7,184.000 Person in Jul 2024 and a record low of 3.000 Person in May 2020. Norway Visitor Arrivals: AE: Svalbard: Foreigners data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistics Norway. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Norway – Table NO.Q004: Visitor Arrivals: Accommodation Establishments: by Region. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

In Svalbard and Jan Mayen, the estimated sales amount across various store categories provides key insights into the market's dynamics. Food & Drink, as a prominent category, generates significant sales, totaling $428.39K, which is 100.00% of the region's total sales in this sector. Apparel follows with robust sales figures, achieving $0.00 in sales and comprising <0.01% of the region's total. Consumer Electronics contributes a considerable amount to the regional market, with sales of $0.00, accounting for <0.01% of the total sales in Svalbard and Jan Mayen. This breakdown highlights the varying economic impacts of different categories within the region, showcasing the diversity and strengths of each sector.

Norway Number of Hotels and Similar Establishments: Svalbard data was reported at 8.000 Unit in May 2018. This stayed constant from the previous number of 8.000 Unit for Apr 2018. Norway Number of Hotels and Similar Establishments: Svalbard data is updated monthly, averaging 0.000 Unit from Jan 1985 (Median) to May 2018, with 401 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8.000 Unit in May 2018 and a record low of 0.000 Unit in Feb 2013. Norway Number of Hotels and Similar Establishments: Svalbard data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistics Norway. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Norway – Table NO.Q002: Hotel Statistics.

The number of existing residential buildings in Svalbard, Norway fluctuated in the period from 2010 to 2024, peaking in 2016 at 443. In 2024, there were 415 residential buildings existing in the Norwegian county of Svalbard.