This map shows population and land use in Sydney and the County of Cumberland. It was prepared by the Department of Main Roads.

The scale is 1 mile = 1 inch. The map is in two parts.


(SR Map Nos.52693-94). 2 sheets.

Note:
This description is extracted from Concise Guide to the State Archives of New South Wales, 3rd Edition 2000.

In June 2022, it was estimated that around 7.3 percent of Australians were aged between 25 and 29, and the same applied to people aged between 30 and 34. All in all, about 55 percent of Australia’s population was aged 35 years or older as of June 2022. At the same time, the age distribution of the country also shows that the share of children under 14 years old was still higher than that of people over 65 years old. A breakdown of Australia’s population growth Australia is the sixth-largest country in the world, yet with a population of around 26 million inhabitants, it is only sparsely populated. Since the 1970s, the population growth of Australia has remained fairly constant. While there was a slight rise in the Australian death rate in 2022, the birth rate of the country decreased after a slight rise in the previous year. The fact that the birth rate is almost double the size of its death rate gives the country one of the highest natural population growth rates of any high-income country.
National distribution of the population Australia’s population is expected to surpass 28 million people by 2028. The majority of its inhabitants live in the major cities. The most populated states are New South Wales, Victoria, and Queensland. Together, they account for over 75 percent of the population in Australia.

Population ages 0-14 (% of total population) in Australia was reported at 18.03 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Australia - Population ages 0-14 (% of total) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on March of 2025.

Since the 1960s, Australia's urbanization rate has consistently been above 80 percent, and in 2023 it has reached its highest ever rate at 86.62 percent. Historically, Australia has been one of the most urbanized countries in the world, due to high rates of immigration since the 20th century, which were generally to coastal, urban areas. However, despite its high urbanization rate, Australia is among the largest countries in the world; therefore its population density is among the lowest in the world.

This web maps looks at the breakdown of who is renting, who is paying off the mortgage, and who owns their place outright. Using data from ABS Census 2021 General Community Profile release. This map shows the percentage of the population that is married. Data is available for Country, Greater Capital City Statistical Area (GCCSA), Local Government Area (LGA), Statistical Area Level 1 (SA1) and 2 (SA2), and State Suburb (SSC) boundaries.This map contains layers that contain some of the more commonly used variables from the General Community Profile information from the Australian Bureau of Statistics 2021 census. Data is available for Country, Greater Capital City Statistical Area (GCCSA), Local Government Area (LGA), Statistical Area Level 1 (SA1) and 2 (SA2), and Suburb and Localities (SAL) boundaries.The General Community Profile contains a series of tables showing the characteristics of persons, families and dwellings in a selected geographic area. The data is based on place of usual residence (that is, where people usually live, rather than where they were counted on Census night). Community Profiles are excellent tools for researching, planning and analysing geographic areas for a number of social, economic and demographic characteristics.Download the data here.Data and Geography notes:View the Readme files located in the DataPacks and GeoPackages zip files.To access the 2021 DataPacks, visit https://www.abs.gov.au/census/find-census-data/datapacksGlossary terms and definitions of classifications can be found in the 2021 Census DictionaryMore information about Census data products is available at https://www.abs.gov.au/census/guide-census-data/about-census-tools/datapacksDetailed geography information: https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/standards/australian-statistical-geography-standard-asgs-edition-3/jul2021-jun2026/main-structure-and-greater-capital-city-statistical-areas: 2021 Statistical Area Level 1 (SA1), 2021 Statistical Area Level 2 (SA2), 2021 Greater Capital City Statistical Areas (GCCSA), 2021 Australia (AUS)https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/standards/australian-statistical-geography-standard-asgs-edition-3/jul2021-jun2026/non-abs-structures: 2021 Suburbs and Localities (SAL), 2021 Local Government Areas (LGA)Please note that there are data assumptions that should be considered when analysing the ABS Census data. These are detailed within the Census documents referenced above. These include:Registered Marital StatusIn December 2017, amendments to the Marriage Act 1961 came into effect enabling marriage equality for all couples. For 2021, registered marriages include all couples.Core Activity Need for AssistanceMeasures the number of people with a profound or severe core activity limitation. People with a profound or severe core activity limitation are those needing assistance in their day to day lives in one or more of the three core activity areas of self-care, mobility and communication because of a long-term health condition (lasting six months or more), a disability (lasting six months or more), or old age. Number of Motor VehiclesExcludes motorbikes, motor scooters and heavy vehicles.Please note that there are small random adjustments made to all cell values to protect the confidentiality of data. These adjustments may cause the sum of rows or columns to differ by small amounts from table totals.Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics

Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the Melbourne, Australia metro area from 1950 to 2025. United Nations population projections are also included through the year 2035.

Humans have been living on the continent of Australia (name derived from "Terra Australis"; Latin for "the southern land") for approximately 65,000 years, however population growth was relatively slow until the nineteenth century. Europeans had made some contact with Australia as early as 1606, however there was no significant attempt at settlement until the late eighteenth century. By 1800, the population of Australia was approximately 350,000 people, and the majority of these were Indigenous Australians. As colonization progressed the number of ethnic Europeans increased while the Australian Aboriginal population was decimated through conflict, smallpox and other diseases, with some communities being exterminated completely, such as Aboriginal Tasmanians. Mass migration from Britain and China After the loss of its American colonies in the 1780s, the British Empire looked to other parts of the globe to expand its sphere of influence. In Australia, the first colonies were established in Sydney, Tasmania and Western Australia. Many of these were penal colonies which became home to approximately 164,000 British and Irish convicts who were transported to Australia between 1788 and 1868. As the decades progressed, expansion into the interior intensified, and the entire country was claimed by Britain in 1826. Inland colonization led to further conflict between European settlers and indigenous Australians, which cost the lives of thousands of natives. Inward expansion also saw the discovery of many natural resources, and most notably led to the gold rushes of the 1850s, which attracted substantial numbers of Chinese migrants to Australia. This mass migration from non-European countries eventually led to some restrictive policies being introduced, culminating with the White Australia Policy of 1901, which cemented ethnic-European dominance in Australian politics and society. These policies were not retracted until the second half of the 1900s. Independent Australia Australia changed its status to a British dominion in 1901, and eventually became independent in 1931. Despite this, Australia has remained a part of the British Commonwealth, and Australian forces (ANZAC) fought with the British and their Allies in both World Wars, and were instrumental in campaigns such as Gallipoli in WWI, and the South West Pacific Theater in WWII. The aftermath of both wars had a significant impact on the Australian population, with approximately 90 thousand deaths in both world wars combined, as well as 15 thousand deaths as a result of the Spanish flu pandemic following WWI, although Australia experienced a significant baby boom following the Second World War. In the past fifty years, Australia has promoted immigration from all over the world, and now has one of the strongest economies and highest living standards in the world, with a population that has grown to over 25 million people in 2020.

Significant Urban Areas (SUA)

Significant Urban Areas (SUA) are used to output a broad range of ABS social and demographic statistics. They represent towns and cities of 10,000 people or more.

SUAs are built of Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2s). They are defined by Urban Centres from the Urban Centres and Localities (UCLs) geography i.e. a single SUA can represent either a single Urban Centre or a cluster of related Urban Centres.

Areas that are not in an SUA are combined to form a ‘Not in any significant urban area’ region for each state or territory.

Using SUAs with Census data

SUAs are useful to understand the characteristics of the built up area of cities and towns. A wider range of ABS data is also available for SUAs such as Estimated Resident Population which can be used for more detailed analysis.

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Australian Bureau of Statistics (Jul2021-Jun2026), Data services and APIs, ABS Website, accessed 25 July 2023.

https://www.abs.gov.au/website-privacy-copyright-and-disclaimer#copyright-and-creative-commons

Map of koala movement corridors and priority restoration areas in a study area in south-western Sydney. Koala movement corridors are classified as primary, secondary and tertiary according to the level of connectivity of core koala habitat which are critical for the long-term viability of the regional koala population in the study area. Koala corridor categories also consider corridor dimensions such as minimum widths. Koala corridors are likely to extend outside of the study area. They are named, largely by geographic area or river/creek catchment. The mapping, along with key koala conservation principles, form the basis of advice by the Department of Planning, Industry and Environment related to the conservation of the regional koala population extending from Holsworthy and Moorebank, through Campbelltown and Wollondilly, to Wingecarribee. For further information on the data layer and its development, please see Conserving koalas in Wollondilly and Campbelltown Local Government Areas. Also available for download from Data and resources below.

This statistic shows the share of ethnic groups in Australia in the total population. 33 percent of the total population of Australia are english.

Australia’s population

Australia’s ethnic diversity can be attributed to their history and location. The country’s colonization from Europeans is a significant reason for the majority of its population being Caucasian. Additionally, being that Australia is one of the most developed countries closest to Eastern Asia; its Asian population comes as no surprise.

Australia is one of the world’s most developed countries, often earning recognition as one of the world’s economical leaders. With a more recent economic boom, Australia has become an attractive country for students and workers alike, who seek an opportunity to improve their lifestyle. Over the past decade, Australia’s population has slowly increased and is expected to continue to do so over the next several years. A beautiful landscape, many work opportunities and a high quality of life helped play a role in the country’s development. In 2011, Australia was considered to have one of the highest life expectancies in the world, with the average Australian living to approximately 82 years of age.

From an employment standpoint, Australia has maintained a rather low employment rate compared to many other developed countries. After experiencing a significant jump in unemployment in 2009, primarily due to the world economic crisis, Australia has been able to remain stable and slightly increase employment year-over-year.

As of 2021, Millennials and Baby Boomers made up an equal share of the Australian population at around 21.5 percent each, making them the largest generational groups at the time. Those aged 75 years and over made up the smallest portion of the population, followed by Gen Alpha, or those aged 0 to 9 years at the time.

Unemployment Rate in Australia remained unchanged at 4.10 percent in February. This dataset provides - Australia Unemployment Rate at 5.8% in December - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Statistical Area Level 2 (SA2)

Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2s) are medium-sized general purpose areas built up from whole Statistical Areas Level 1 (SA1s). They generally have a population between 3,000 and 25,000.

Their purpose is to represent a community that interacts together socially and economically. SA2s represent suburbs within cities and catchments of rural areas. In remote and regional areas, SA2s have smaller populations and cover a larger area than those in urban areas.

Using SA2s with Census data

Use SA2s if you are analysing and comparing Census data at a suburb level in urban areas over Census years. A variety of other ABS data is released at the SA2 level for comparison.

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Australian Bureau of Statistics (Jul2021-Jun2026), Data services and APIs, ABS Website, accessed 25 July 2023.

https://www.abs.gov.au/website-privacy-copyright-and-disclaimer#copyright-and-creative-commons

*** The beta release of this web service provides a preview of the capability that will be delivered through the Digital Atlas of Australia. Availability of this dataset through this web service is not guaranteed and the data may be subject to change. ***

2021 Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2) are part of the Main Structure of the Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) Edition 3.

SA2s are medium-sized general purpose areas built to represent communities that interact together socially and economically. Most SA2s have a population range of 3,000 to 25,000 people. SA2s are built from whole Statistical Areas Level 1 (SA1), while whole SA2s aggregate to form Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3) in the ASGS Main Structure.

The ASGS is a classification of Australia into a hierarchy of statistical areas. It is a social geography, developed to reflect the location of people and communities. It is used for the publication and analysis of official statistics and other data. The ASGS is updated every 5 years to account for growth and change in Australia’s population, economy and infrastructure.

Currency: Date modified: 20 July 2021 Update frequency: Not planned. Data Extent: Spatial Extent: West longitude: 96.816941 South latitude: -43.740510 East longitude: 167.998035 North latitude: -9.142176

Made possible by the Digital Atlas of Australia The Digital Atlas of Australia is an Australian Government initiative being led by Geoscience Australia. It will bring together trusted datasets from across government in an interactive, secure, and easy-to-use geospatial platform.

The Australian Bureau of Statistics is working in partnership with Geoscience Australia to establish a set of web services to make 2021 Census data available in the Digital Atlas.

The Digital Atlas of Australia beta will be available by mid-2023.

Contact the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) If you have questions, feedback or would like to receive updates about this web services, please email geography@abs.gov.au. For information about how the ABS manages any personal information you provide view the ABS privacy policy.

Data and geography references Source data publication: Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) Edition 3 Source web service: ASGS2021/SA2 (MapServer) Data services and APIs source: ASGS geospatial web service links Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS)

Map of koala movement corridors and priority restoration areas in a study area in south-western Sydney. Koala movement corridors are classified as primary, secondary and tertiary according to the …Show full descriptionMap of koala movement corridors and priority restoration areas in a study area in south-western Sydney. Koala movement corridors are classified as primary, secondary and tertiary according to the level of connectivity of core koala habitat which are critical for the long-term viability of the regional koala population in the study area. Koala corridor categories also consider corridor dimensions such as minimum widths. Koala corridors are likely to extend outside of the study area. They are named, largely by geographic area or river/creek catchment. The mapping, along with key koala conservation principles, form the basis of advice by the Department of Planning, Industry and Environment related to the conservation of the regional koala population extending from Holsworthy and Moorebank, through Campbelltown and Wollondilly, to Wingecarribee. For further information on the data layer and its development, please see Conserving koalas in Wollondilly and Campbelltown Local Government Areas. Also available for download from Data and resources below.

In 2019, Queensland was the Australian state with the highest density of general practitioners with 125.4 GPs per 100,000 of the population. The Australian Capital Territory had the fewest number of GPs in relation to its population.

This is a dataset comprising the outputs and metadata for quantifying groundwater recharge in the NSW coalfields (Sydney, Gunnedah and Gloucester basins) and a wider area of study (Sydney basins, Great Artesian Basin groundwater system.)

In addition to the outputs contained in this dataset, machine learning scripts relevant to upscaling methods have been included. A sub-directory is also included containing relevant metadata records for source data used in the projects.

The data was produced to fulfil one internal project (EP 2022-2355, Interchange) and two external projects (EP 2022-1381, ACARP; EP 2022-1715, Geoscience Australia)

Interchange - CSIRO Report EP 2022-2355: The work synthesises the outcomes of three projects. The Australian Coal Association project C33037 predominantly covered the Sydney, Gunnedah and Gloucester basins, and is the subject of CSIRO report EP2022-1381 (A. Wilkins et al., 2022). The Geoscience Australia project predominantly covered the Great Artesian Basin (GAB), particularly the intake beds, and is the subject of CSIRO report EP2022-1715 (R. S. Crosbie et al., 2022). CSIRO’s Interchange project funded the remainder of the work, including creating a consistent, novel methodology and tying together results from the other two projects (see below.)

ACARP - CSIRO Report EP2022-1381 This report presents the results of the research work carried out under the Australian Coal Association Research Program (ACARP) project C33037 entitled “Quantifying recharge to groundwater systems in the NSW and Bowen Basin coalfields”. At the project kick-off meeting, it was decided by the monitors and researchers to focus on the NSW coalfields only, so this report discusses results for the Sydney, Gunnedah and Gloucester basins only. The purpose of this project is to estimate the rate of diffuse recharge via rainfall to groundwater systems. The rate of recharge (usually measured in mm/year) is a key ingredient to mines’ environmental impact assessments.

Geoscience Australia - CSIRO Report EP2022-1715 This report presents the results of the research work performed under a Geoscience Australia – CSIRO collaboration to calculate diffuse rainfall recharge to the Great Artesian Basin (GAB) groundwater system, with particular focus on the intake beds. Lineage: 1) Characteristics of the study area: Assessment of various features of the study area, including: basin extent, water resources, hydrostratigraphic surface geology, regolith depth, proportion of soil types (sand, silt, clay), topography (MrVBF, elevation), average rainfall, potential and actual evapotranspiration, aridity index, population density, vegetation (NDVI, LAI, vegetation height.)

Many of these features are used to upscale point-scale estimates of recharge obtained in observation boreholes to grids over the whole study area.

2) Methodology: The methods used for this study is similar to the Bioregional Assessments (Russell S. Crosbie, Peeters, Herron, McVicar, & Herr, 2018) and Geological and Bioregional Assessment Projects (Russell S. Crosbie & Rachakonda, 2021) and included three steps:

a) Estimate recharge using CMB method b) Regression kriging and upscaling c) Evaluation and uncertainty

The statistic depicts Australia's gross domestic product (GDP) from 1987 to 2023, with projections up until 2029. In 2023, GDP in Australia amounted to about 1.74 trillion US dollars. See global GDP for a global comparison.

Australia’s economy and population

Australia’s gross domestic product has been growing steadily, and all in all, Australia and its economic key factors show a well-set country. Australia is among the countries with the largest gross domestic product / GDP worldwide, and thus one of the largest economies. It was one of the few countries not severely stricken by the 2008 financial crisis; its unemployment rate, inflation rate and trade balance, for example, were hardly affected at all. In fact, the trade balance of Australia – a country’s exports minus its imports – has been higher than ever since 2010, with a slight dip in 2012. Australia mainly exports wine and agricultural products to countries like China, Japan or South Korea. One of Australia’s largest industries is tourism, which contributes a significant share to its gross domestic product. Almost half of approximately 23 million Australian residents are employed nowadays, life expectancy is increasing, and the fertility rate (the number of children born per woman) has been quite stable.

A look at the distribution of the world population by continent shows that Australia is ranked last in terms of population and population density. Most of Australia's population lives at the coast in metropolitan areas, since parts of the continent are uninhabitable. Unsurprisingly, Australia is known as a country with very high living standards, four of its biggest cities – Melbourne, Adelaide, Sydney and Perth – are among the most livable cities worldwide.

Age-sex charts emphasize the gap between the numbers of males and females at a specific age group. It also illustrates the age and gender trends across all age and gender groupings. A chart skewed heavily to the left describes a very young population while a chart skewed heavily to the right illustrates an aging population.