In 2024, the total population of Taiwan increased to approximately 23.4 million people. The significant drop in 2021 and 2022 was mainly due to people leaving the island during the coronavirus pandemic, while the natural growth rate was also slightly negative. The return of many people in 2023 led to a growth in population. According to national statistics and projections, population numbers entered a general declining path in 2020. Taiwan's demographic development Taiwan experienced rapid population growth in the 1950s and 60s, but alongside with economic development, growth rates decreased significantly. Falling birth figures have also been attributed to Taiwan’s family planning policy, which was aimed at keeping population growth at check. This led to a situation on the island where overall population density was very high and still growing, while the total fertility rate dropped quickly and eventually reached extremely low levels compared internationally. In the 21st century, the challenges of a quickly aging society became more and more apparent and the government initiated family friendly and birth promoting policies. However, fertility still kept on decreasing and reached a historical low in 2010 at 0.9 births per woman on average, and only in recent years has the number of births increased slightly. Implications of an aging society Today's Taiwan, like many East Asian societies, faces the challenges of a rapidly aging population. While the share of the population aged 65 and older accounted to around 18 percent in 2023, it is projected to reach 43 percent in 2060. The old-age dependency ratio, which denotes the relation of people of 65 years and above to the working-age population, is expected to reach around 87 percent in those years. This puts heavy pressure on the working people and the economy as a whole. However, compared to mainland China, which is in a very much comparable demographic situation, Taiwan enjoys the advantage of a relatively wealthy society, which helps to curb the negative economic effects of an aging population.

In 2024, the share of the population in Taiwan aged 65 and older accounted for approximately 19.2 percent of the total population. While the share of old people on the island increased gradually over recent years, the percentage of the working-age population and the children have both declined. Taiwan’s aging population With one of the lowest fertility rates in the world and a steadily growing life expectancy, the average age of Taiwan’s population is increasing quickly, and the share of people aged 65 and above is expected to reach around 38.4 percent of the total population in 2050. This development is also reflected in Taiwan’s population pyramid, which shows that the size of the youngest age group is only half of the size of age groups between 40 and 60 years. The rapid aging of the populations puts a heavy burden on the social insurance system. Old-age dependency is expected to reach more than 70 percent by 2050, meaning that by then three people of working age will have to support two elders, compared to only one elder supported by four working people today. Aging societies in East Asia Today, many countries in East Asia have very low fertility rates and face the challenges of aging societies. This is especially true among those countries that experienced high economic growth in the past, which often resulted in quickly receding birth rates. Japan was one of the first East Asian countries witnessing this demographic change, as is reflected in its high median age. South Korea had the lowest fertility rate of all Asian countries in recent years, and with China, one of the largest populations on earth joined the ranks of quickly aging societies.

Key information about Taiwan population

• The Taiwan population reached 23.4 million people in Dec 2024, compared with the previously reported figure of 23.4 million people in Dec 2023
• The data reached an all-time high of 23.6 million people in Dec 2019 and a record low of 8.0 million people in Dec 1950

CEIC extends history for annual Population. The Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan provides year-end Population. Population prior to 1957 is a Mid-year estimate sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau.


Further information about Taiwan population data

• In the latest reports, Taiwan Unemployment Rate dropped to 3.3 % in Oct 2025
• Monthly earnings of the Taiwan population was 1,891.8 USD in Sep 2025
• Taiwan Labour Force Participation Rate increased to 59.5 % in Oct 2025

Population density per pixel at 100 metre resolution. WorldPop provides estimates of numbers of people residing in each 100x100m grid cell for every low and middle income country. Through ingegrating cencus, survey, satellite and GIS datasets in a flexible machine-learning framework, high resolution maps of population counts and densities for 2000-2020 are produced, along with accompanying metadata. DATASET: Alpha version 2010 and 2015 estimates of numbers of people per grid square, with national totals adjusted to match UN population division estimates (http://esa.un.org/wpp/) and remaining unadjusted. REGION: Africa SPATIAL RESOLUTION: 0.000833333 decimal degrees (approx 100m at the equator) PROJECTION: Geographic, WGS84 UNITS: Estimated persons per grid square MAPPING APPROACH: Land cover based, as described in: Linard, C., Gilbert, M., Snow, R.W., Noor, A.M. and Tatem, A.J., 2012, Population distribution, settlement patterns and accessibility across Africa in 2010, PLoS ONE, 7(2): e31743. FORMAT: Geotiff (zipped using 7-zip (open access tool): www.7-zip.org) FILENAMES: Example - AGO10adjv4.tif = Angola (AGO) population count map for 2010 (10) adjusted to match UN national estimates (adj), version 4 (v4). Population maps are updated to new versions when improved census or other input data become available. Taiwan data available from WorldPop here. Data and Resources TIFF Taiwan - Population density (2015) DATASET: Alpha version 2010 and 2015 estimates of numbers of people per grid...

The total population in Taiwan was estimated at 23.4 million people in 2024, according to the latest census figures and projections from Trading Economics. This dataset provides - Taiwan Population - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The total population of Taiwan stood at 23.4 million people in 2024. Between 1980 and 2024, the total population rose by 5.53 million people, though the increase followed an uneven trajectory rather than a consistent upward trend. The total population is expected to drop by 120,000 people between 2024 and 2030, showing a continuous downward movement throughout the period.This indicator describes the total population in the country at hand. This total population of the country consists of all persons falling within the scope of the census.

According to a projected five-year age distribution of the population of Taiwan as of end of 2024, the largest age cohort was that between 40 and 44 years of age, amounting to around *** million people. The total population of Taiwan ranged at approximately **** million people at the end of 2024. A breakdown of the population by broad age groups reveals that around ** percent of the total population was in working age between 15 and 64 years in 2024.

Graph and download economic data for Population for Taiwan Province of China (POPTTLTWA148NRUG) from 1951 to 2019 about Taiwan and population.

Taiwan Population: Female data was reported at 11,876.019 Person th in 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 11,851.647 Person th for 2017. Taiwan Population: Female data is updated yearly, averaging 10,459.635 Person th from Dec 1974 (Median) to 2018, with 45 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 11,876.019 Person th in 2018 and a record low of 7,573.155 Person th in 1974. Taiwan Population: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of the Interior. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Taiwan – Table TW.G001: Population.

Historical dataset showing total population for Taiwan by year from 1950 to 2025.

This statistic shows the year-end population of Taiwan from 2014 to 2024, by gender. By the end of 2024, around ***** million of the population in Taiwan were female.

Taiwan Population: Male data was reported at 11,712.913 Person th in 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 11,719.580 Person th for 2017. Taiwan Population: Male data is updated yearly, averaging 11,065.798 Person th from Dec 1974 (Median) to 2018, with 45 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 11,719.580 Person th in 2017 and a record low of 8,354.012 Person th in 1974. Taiwan Population: Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of the Interior. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Taiwan – Table TW.G001: Population.

Historical dataset showing Taiwan population growth rate by year from N/A to N/A.

The estimated number of single-age registered population in Taiwan and Fujian areas by gender and total at the end of the year. The registered population refers to the citizens of the Republic of China who have a household registration in the country, including foreign nationals who have obtained household registration status in Taiwan, but does not include foreigners residing in Taiwan for work or study.

This statistic shows the median age of the population in Taiwan from 1950 to 2100*.The median age is the age that divides a population into two numerically equal groups; that is, half the people are younger than this age and half are older. It is a single index that summarizes the age distribution of a population. In 2020, the median age of the population of Taiwan was 41.7 years.

Taiwan Population: Tainan City data was reported at 1,840.257 Person th in 2010. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1,846.379 Person th for 2000. Taiwan Population: Tainan City data is updated yearly, averaging 1,840.257 Person th from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2010, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,846.379 Person th in 2000 and a record low of 1,695.110 Person th in 1990. Taiwan Population: Tainan City data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Taiwan – Table TW.G002: Population: Population and Housing Census.

Population: Taiwan Area data was reported at 23,428.926 Person th in Oct 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 23,425.706 Person th for Sep 2018. Population: Taiwan Area data is updated monthly, averaging 21,766.732 Person th from Jan 1978 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 490 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 23,428.926 Person th in Oct 2018 and a record low of 16,831.598 Person th in Jan 1978. Population: Taiwan Area data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of the Interior. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Taiwan – Table TW.G001: Population.

This dataset contains Taiwan population by all provinces from 2011 to 2021.

Source: https://www.ris.gov.tw/app/portal/346

Taiwan Population: New Taipei City: Age 30 to 34 data was reported at 414.614 Person th in 2010. This records an increase from the previous number of 329.870 Person th for 2000. Taiwan Population: New Taipei City: Age 30 to 34 data is updated yearly, averaging 329.870 Person th from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2010, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 414.614 Person th in 2010 and a record low of 321.050 Person th in 1990. Taiwan Population: New Taipei City: Age 30 to 34 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Taiwan – Table TW.G003: Population: Population and Housing Census: By Region and Age.

Historical dataset showing Taiwan population density by year from N/A to N/A.