In 2024, the total population of Taiwan increased to approximately 23.4 million people. The significant drop in 2021 and 2022 was mainly due to people leaving the island during the coronavirus pandemic, while the natural growth rate was also slightly negative. The return of many people in 2023 led to a growth in population. According to national statistics and projections, population numbers entered a general declining path in 2020. Taiwan's demographic development Taiwan experienced rapid population growth in the 1950s and 60s, but alongside with economic development, growth rates decreased significantly. Falling birth figures have also been attributed to Taiwan’s family planning policy, which was aimed at keeping population growth at check. This led to a situation on the island where overall population density was very high and still growing, while the total fertility rate dropped quickly and eventually reached extremely low levels compared internationally. In the 21st century, the challenges of a quickly aging society became more and more apparent and the government initiated family friendly and birth promoting policies. However, fertility still kept on decreasing and reached a historical low in 2010 at 0.9 births per woman on average, and only in recent years has the number of births increased slightly. Implications of an aging society Today's Taiwan, like many East Asian societies, faces the challenges of a rapidly aging population. While the share of the population aged 65 and older accounted to around 18 percent in 2023, it is projected to reach 43 percent in 2060. The old-age dependency ratio, which denotes the relation of people of 65 years and above to the working-age population, is expected to reach around 87 percent in those years. This puts heavy pressure on the working people and the economy as a whole. However, compared to mainland China, which is in a very much comparable demographic situation, Taiwan enjoys the advantage of a relatively wealthy society, which helps to curb the negative economic effects of an aging population.

In 2023, the average total fertility rate in Taiwan ranged at around **** children per woman over lifetime. This extremely low figure is not expected to increase over the coming years. Taiwan’s demographic development Taiwan was once known for its strong population growth. After the retreat of the Republican government to the island in 1949, the population grew quickly. However, during Taiwan’s rapid economic development thereafter, the fertility rate dropped substantially. This drastic change occurred in most East Asian countries as well, of which many have some of the lowest fertility rates in the world today. As a result, populations in many East Asian regions are already shrinking or are expected to do so soon.In Taiwan, population decreased in 2020 for the first time, and the declining trend is expected to accelerate in the years ahead. At the same time, life expectancy has increased considerably, and Taiwan’s population is now aging at fast pace, posing a huge challenge to the island’s social security net. Addressing challenges of an aging society Most east Asian countries could, until recently, afford generous public pensions and health care systems, but now need to adjust to their changing reality. Besides providing incentives to raise children, the Taiwanese government also tries to attract more immigrants by lowering requirements for permanent residency. As both strategies have been met with limited success, the focus remains on reforming the pension system. This is being done mainly by raising the retirement age, promoting late-age employment, increasing pension contributions, and lowering pension payments.

Demographic processes that ensure the recovery and resilience of marine populations are critical as climate change sends an increasing proportion on a trajectory of decline. Yet for some populations, recovery potential remains high. We conducted annual monitoring over 9-years (2012–2020) to assess the recovery of coral populations belonging to genus Pocillopora. These populations experienced a catastrophic collapse following a severe typhoon in 2009. From the start of the monitoring period, high initial recruitment led to the establishment of a juvenile population that rapidly transitioned to sexually mature adults, which dominated the population within six years after the disturbance. As a result, coral cover increased from 1.1% to 20.2% during this time. To identify key demographic drivers of recovery and population growth rates (λ), we applied kernel resampled Integral Projection Models (IPMs), constructing eight successive models to examine annual change. IPMs were able to capture r..., Data collection Orchid Island (22°03′N, 121°32′E) is a 45 km2 volcanic, tropical island 64 km off the coast of Taiwan, encircled by a narrow fringing reef (5–10 m depth), leading to a dramatic drop-off. Such reef topography is sensitive to typhoons that are both frequent and intense in the region (Ribas-Deulofeu et al., 2021). In 2009, the island was severely affected by Typhoon Morakot (Hall et al., 2013), the deadliest typhoon to hit Taiwan in recorded history, which caused a ~66% decline in mean live coral cover (~60% to ~20%) along reefs in southern Taiwan (Kuo et al., 2011).     Three years after this major disturbance in 2012, three parallel 20 m transects were established at ~8 m depth spaced ~2.5 m apart at a site to the southwest of the island (named Green Grassland; 22°00'N 121°34'E). Usually, this reef site is relatively sheltered from both the waves generated by the winter north-easterly monsoon and summer south-westerly winds. However, on this occasion was proven susc..., , # Data from: Natural coral recovery despite negative population growth

This Mullaetal_2024_dataset_README.txt file was generated on 2023-11-09 by AJM (zeezyuk@gmail.com).

DOI: 10.5061/dryad.msbcc2g5n

Abstract

Demographic processes that ensure the recovery and resilience of marine populations are critical as climate change sends an increasing proportion on a trajectory of decline. Yet for some populations, recovery potential remains high. We conducted annual monitoring over 9-years (2012–2020) to assess the recovery of coral populations belonging to genus Pocillopora. These populations experienced a catastrophic collapse following a severe typhoon in 2009. From the start of the monitoring period, high initial recruitment led to the establishment of a juvenile population that rapidly transitioned to sexually mature adults, which dominated the population within six years after the disturbance. As a result, coral cover increased from 1.1% to 20.2% during...

The number of population, number of patients receiving CT examination, patient frequency per 1000 people (patient/1000 person), CT units, patient load, and the CAGR of 2000 to 2013 in Taiwan.

In 2024, Taiwan’s gross domestic product amounted to around 782.44 billion U.S. dollars. Gross domestic product (GDP) denotes the aggregate value of all services and goods produced within a country in any given year. Taiwan’s GDP is projected to reach 960.13 billion U.S. dollars by 2030. Taiwan has the largest economy of any nation not a member of the United Nations (UN). Analyzing Taiwan’s economy Taiwan’s services sector generates the highest share of its GDP, at around 62 percent, though its industry sector also contributes about 35 percent to overall GDP in Taiwan. During the last decade, Taiwan has consistently held a trade surplus, and is known for its exports of electronics, machinery, and petrochemicals. Taiwan’s population Taiwan is a densely populated state, with a total population of about 23 million people, most of whom are between the ages of 15-64 years. Many members of the population are working; the unemployment rate was at only 3.8 percent in 2017. As one of the world’s technology hardware centers, Taiwan’s work force is comprised of high-skilled workers capable of navigating new technologies, such as artificial intelligence and blockchain.

The gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in Taiwan stood at 33,440 U.S. dollars in 2024. Between 1980 and 2024, the GDP per capita rose by 31,070 U.S. dollars, though the increase followed an uneven trajectory rather than a consistent upward trend. The GDP per capita will steadily rise by 7,800 U.S. dollars over the period from 2024 to 2030, reflecting a clear upward trend.This indicator describes the gross domestic product per capita at current prices. Thereby, the gross domestic product was first converted from national currency to U.S. dollars at current exchange rates and then divided by the total population. The gross domestic product is a measure of a country's productivity. It refers to the total value of goods and service produced during a given time period (here a year).