The projected crude birth rate in India, at national level, was expected to decrease to about ** births per thousand people by 2031 to 2035 as opposed to the national crude birth rate from 2011 to 2015 which stood at more than ** births per thousand people. At state level, Bihar reflected the highest crude birth rate from 2011 to 2015 as well as the highest projected crude birth rate from 2031-2035. By contrast, the states with the lowest projected crude birth rates were Punjab, Tamil Nadu, and Andhra Pradesh during the same time period.

Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Tamil Nadu: Urban data was reported at 13.600 NA in 2020. This records a decrease from the previous number of 14.000 NA for 2019. Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Tamil Nadu: Urban data is updated yearly, averaging 15.800 NA from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2020, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 18.200 NA in 1999 and a record low of 13.600 NA in 2020. Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Tamil Nadu: Urban data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAH002: Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: by States.

The second National Family Health Survey (NFHS-2), conducted in 1998-99, provides information on fertility, mortality, family planning, and important aspects of nutrition, health, and health care. The International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) coordinated the survey, which collected information from a nationally representative sample of more than 90,000 ever-married women age 15-49. The NFHS-2 sample covers 99 percent of India's population living in all 26 states. This report is based on the survey data for 25 of the 26 states, however, since data collection in Tripura was delayed due to local problems in the state. IIPS also coordinated the first National Family Health Survey (NFHS-1) in 1992-93. Most of the types of information collected in NFHS-2 were also collected in the earlier survey, making it possible to identify trends over the intervening period of six and one-half years. In addition, the NFHS-2 questionnaire covered a number of new or expanded topics with important policy implications, such as reproductive health, women's autonomy, domestic violence, women's nutrition, anaemia, and salt iodization. The NFHS-2 survey was carried out in two phases. Ten states were surveyed in the first phase which began in November 1998 and the remaining states (except Tripura) were surveyed in the second phase which began in March 1999. The field staff collected information from 91,196 households in these 25 states and interviewed 89,199 eligible women in these households. In addition, the survey collected information on 32,393 children born in the three years preceding the survey. One health investigator on each survey team measured the height and weight of eligible women and children and took blood samples to assess the prevalence of anaemia. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS Three-quarters (73 percent) of the population lives in rural areas. The age distribution is typical of populations that have recently experienced a fertility decline, with relatively low proportions in the younger and older age groups. Thirty-six percent of the population is below age 15, and 5 percent is age 65 and above. The sex ratio is 957 females for every 1,000 males in rural areas but only 928 females for every 1,000 males in urban areas, suggesting that more men than women have migrated to urban areas. The survey provides a variety of demographic and socioeconomic background information. In the country as a whole, 82 percent of household heads are Hindu, 12 percent are Muslim, 3 percent are Christian, and 2 percent are Sikh. Muslims live disproportionately in urban areas, where they comprise 15 percent of household heads. Nineteen percent of household heads belong to scheduled castes, 9 percent belong to scheduled tribes, and 32 percent belong to other backward classes (OBCs). Two-fifths of household heads do not belong to any of these groups. Questions about housing conditions and the standard of living of households indicate some improvements since the time of NFHS-1. Sixty percent of households in India now have electricity and 39 percent have piped drinking water compared with 51 percent and 33 percent, respectively, at the time of NFHS-1. Sixty-four percent of households have no toilet facility compared with 70 percent at the time of NFHS-1. About three-fourths (75 percent) of males and half (51 percent) of females age six and above are literate, an increase of 6-8 percentage points from literacy rates at the time of NFHS-1. The percentage of illiterate males varies from 6-7 percent in Mizoram and Kerala to 37 percent in Bihar and the percentage of illiterate females varies from 11 percent in Mizoram and 15 percent in Kerala to 65 percent in Bihar. Seventy-nine percent of children age 6-14 are attending school, up from 68 percent in NFHS-1. The proportion of children attending school has increased for all ages, particularly for girls, but girls continue to lag behind boys in school attendance. Moreover, the disparity in school attendance by sex grows with increasing age of children. At age 6-10, 85 percent of boys attend school compared with 78 percent of girls. By age 15-17, 58 percent of boys attend school compared with 40 percent of girls. The percentage of girls 6-17 attending school varies from 51 percent in Bihar and 56 percent in Rajasthan to over 90 percent in Himachal Pradesh and Kerala. Women in India tend to marry at an early age. Thirty-four percent of women age 15-19 are already married including 4 percent who are married but gauna has yet to be performed. These proportions are even higher in the rural areas. Older women are more likely than younger women to have married at an early age: 39 percent of women currently age 45-49 married before age 15 compared with 14 percent of women currently age 15-19. Although this indicates that the proportion of women who marry young is declining rapidly, half the women even in the age group 20-24 have married before reaching the legal minimum age of 18 years. On average, women are five years younger than the men they marry. The median age at marriage varies from about 15 years in Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Andhra Pradesh to 23 years in Goa. As part of an increasing emphasis on gender issues, NFHS-2 asked women about their participation in household decisionmaking. In India, 91 percent of women are involved in decision-making on at least one of four selected topics. A much lower proportion (52 percent), however, are involved in making decisions about their own health care. There are large variations among states in India with regard to women's involvement in household decisionmaking. More than three out of four women are involved in decisions about their own health care in Himachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, and Punjab compared with about two out of five or less in Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, and Rajasthan. Thirty-nine percent of women do work other than housework, and more than two-thirds of these women work for cash. Only 41 percent of women who earn cash can decide independently how to spend the money that they earn. Forty-three percent of working women report that their earnings constitute at least half of total family earnings, including 18 percent who report that the family is entirely dependent on their earnings. Women's work-participation rates vary from 9 percent in Punjab and 13 percent in Haryana to 60-70 percent in Manipur, Nagaland, and Arunachal Pradesh. FERTILITY AND FAMILY PLANNING Fertility continues to decline in India. At current fertility levels, women will have an average of 2.9 children each throughout their childbearing years. The total fertility rate (TFR) is down from 3.4 children per woman at the time of NFHS-1, but is still well above the replacement level of just over two children per woman. There are large variations in fertility among the states in India. Goa and Kerala have attained below replacement level fertility and Karnataka, Himachal Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Punjab are at or close to replacement level fertility. By contrast, fertility is 3.3 or more children per woman in Meghalaya, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Nagaland, Bihar, and Madhya Pradesh. More than one-third to less than half of all births in these latter states are fourth or higher-order births compared with 7-9 percent of births in Kerala, Goa, and Tamil Nadu. Efforts to encourage the trend towards lower fertility might usefully focus on groups within the population that have higher fertility than average. In India, rural women and women from scheduled tribes and scheduled castes have somewhat higher fertility than other women, but fertility is particularly high for illiterate women, poor women, and Muslim women. Another striking feature is the high level of childbearing among young women. More than half of women age 20-49 had their first birth before reaching age 20, and women age 15-19 account for almost one-fifth of total fertility. Studies in India and elsewhere have shown that health and mortality risks increase when women give birth at such young ages?both for the women themselves and for their children. Family planning programmes focusing on women in this age group could make a significant impact on maternal and child health and help to reduce fertility. INFANT AND CHILD MORTALITY NFHS-2 provides estimates of infant and child mortality and examines factors associated with the survival of young children. During the five years preceding the survey, the infant mortality rate was 68 deaths at age 0-11 months per 1,000 live births, substantially lower than 79 per 1,000 in the five years preceding the NFHS-1 survey. The child mortality rate, 29 deaths at age 1-4 years per 1,000 children reaching age one, also declined from the corresponding rate of 33 per 1,000 in NFHS-1. Ninety-five children out of 1,000 born do not live to age five years. Expressed differently, 1 in 15 children die in the first year of life, and 1 in 11 die before reaching age five. Child-survival programmes might usefully focus on specific groups of children with particularly high infant and child mortality rates, such as children who live in rural areas, children whose mothers are illiterate, children belonging to scheduled castes or scheduled tribes, and children from poor households. Infant mortality rates are more than two and one-half times as high for women who did not receive any of the recommended types of maternity related medical care than for mothers who did receive all recommended types of care. HEALTH, HEALTH CARE, AND NUTRITION Promotion of maternal and child health has been one of the most important components of the Family Welfare Programme of the Government of India. One goal is for each pregnant woman to receive at least three antenatal check-ups plus two tetanus toxoid injections and a full course of iron and folic acid supplementation. In India, mothers of 65 percent of the children born in the three years preceding NFHS-2 received at least one antenatal

Prevalence and relative change in trends of Prehypertension in India according to different classifications across selected socio-demographic characteristics between 2015–2021.

Geographic coverage

The survey covered the whole of the Indian Union except (i) Leh (Ladakh) and Kargil districts of Jammu & Kashmir, (ii) interior villages of Nagaland situated beyond five kilometres of the bus route and (iii) villages in Andaman and Nicobar Islands which remain inaccessible throughout the year.

Analysis unit

Household, Individual

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Sample Design Outline of sample design: A stratified multi-stage design has been adopted for the 60th round survey. The first stage units (FSU) will be the 1991 census villages in the rural sector and Urban Frame Survey (UFS) blocks in the urban sector. The ultimate stage units (USU) will be households in both the sectors. In case of large villages/blocks requiring hamlet-group (hg)/sub-block (sb) formation, one intermediate stage will be the selection of two hgs/sbs from each FSU.

Sampling Frame for First Stage Units: For the rural sector, the list of Census 1991 villages (panchayat wards for Kerala) and Census 1981 villages for J & K will constitute the sampling frame. For the urban sector, the list of latest available Urban Frame Survey (UFS) blocks will be considered as the sampling frame.

Stratification Rural sector: Two special strata will be formed at the State/ UT level, viz.

Stratum 1: all FSUs with population between 0 to 50 and Stratum 2: FSUs with population more than 15,000.

Special stratum 1 will be formed if at least 50 such FSUs are found in a State/UT. Similarly, special stratum 2 will be formed if at least 4 such FSUs are found in a State/UT. Otherwise, such FSUs will be merged with the general strata.

From FSUs other than those covered under special strata 1 and 2, general strata will be formed and its numbering will start from 3. Each district of a State/UT will normally be treated as a separate stratum. However, if the census rural population of the district is greater than or equal to 2.5 million as per population census 2001 or 2 million as per population census 1991, the district will be split into two or more strata, by grouping contiguous tehsils to form strata. However, in Gujarat, some districts are not wholly included in an NSS region. In such cases, the part of the district falling in an NSS region will constitute a separate stratum.

Urban sector: In the urban sector, strata will be formed within each NSS region on the basis of size class of towns as per Population Census 2001. The stratum numbers and their composition (within each region) are given below.

stratum 1: all towns with population less than 50,000 stratum 2: all towns with population 50,000 or more but less than 2 lakhs stratum 3: all towns with population 2 lakhs or more but less than 10 lakhs stratum 4, 5, 6,...: each town with population 10 lakhs or more

The stratum numbers will remain as above even if, in some regions, some of the strata are not formed.

Total sample size (FSUs): 7612 FSUs have been allocated at all-India level on the basis of investigator strength in different States/UTs for central sample and 8260 for state sample.

Allocation of total sample to States and UTs: The total number of sample FSUs is allocated to the States and UTs in proportion to provisional population as per Census 2001 subject to the availability of investigators ensuring more or less uniform work-load.

Allocation of State/UT level sample to rural and urban sectors: State/UT level sample is allocated between two sectors in proportion to provisional population as per Census 2001 with 1.5 weightage to urban sector subject to the restriction that urban sample size for bigger states like Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu etc. should not exceed the rural sample size. Earlier practice of giving double weightage to urban sector has been modified considering the fact that there has been considerable growth in urban population. A minimum of 8 FSUs will be allocated to each state/UT separately for rural and urban areas.

Allocation to strata: Within each sector of a State/UT, the respective sample size will be allocated to the different strata in proportion to the stratum population as per census 2001. Allocations at stratum level will be adjusted to a multiple of 4 with a minimum sample size of 4.

Selection of FSUs: FSUs will be selected with Probability Proportional to Size With Replacement (PPSWR), size being the population as per Population Census 1991 in all the strata for rural sector except for stratum 1. In stratum 1 of rural sector and in all the strata of urban sector, selection will be done using Simple Random Sampling Without Replacement (SRSWOR). Within each stratum, samples will be drawn in the form of two independent sub-samples in both the rural and urban sectors.

Note: Detail sampling procedure is provided as external resource.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Schedule 10: Employment and Unemployment

Block 0- Descriptive identification of sample household: This block is meant for recording descriptive identification particulars of the sample household and the sample village/block to which the sample household belongs.

Block 1- Identification of sample household: The identification particulars of the sample household are to be recorded against items 1, 5 to 15.

Block 2- Particulars of field operation: The identity of the Investigator, Assistant Superintendent and Superintendent associated, date of survey/inspection/scrutiny of Schedules, despatch, etc., will be recorded in this block against the appropriate items in the relevant columns.

Block 3- Household characteristics: Certain household characteristics, such as, household size, household type, religion, social-group, household industry, household occupation, monthly household consumer expenditure, land possessed as on the date of survey (code) etc., will be recorded in this block.

Block 4- Demographic and usual activity particulars of household members: This block is meant to record the demographic particulars like sex, age, marital status, educational level etc. and usual principal activity and usual subsidiary activity particulars of all the household members.

Block 5- Time disposition of members during the week: This block is meant for recording the time disposition for all the 7 days preceding the date of survey, the current weekly status based on the 7 days time disposition, wage and salary earnings during the week, etc.

Block 6- Follow-up questions for persons unemployed on all the seven days of the week: This block is meant for collecting information on persons who are found to be unemployed on all the seven days of the week preceding the date of survey.

Block 7- Particulars of vocational training received by household members: Particulars of formal vocational training received will be collected in respect of all the household members who are in the age group 15-29 with minimum general education level middle and above but below graduate (i.e with codes 05 to 08 in column 7, block 4) and for those who are graduate in vocational courses within the age group 15-29.

Block 8- Household consumer expenditure: This block is meant for collecting household consumer expenditure information which is the sum total of monetary values of all goods and services consumed (out of purchase or procured otherwise) by the household on domestic account during a specific reference period.

Block 9- Remarks by investigator: Any remark which is considered necessary for explaining any peculiarity in the consumption pattern of the household or any other item-specific unusual feature of the household or of any member thereof will be noted here.

Block 10- Comments by supervisory officer(s): The supervisory officers should note their views on any aspect pertaining to the characteristics under enquiry in this schedule relating to the household or any member thereof.

Abstract

The National Sample Survey (NSS), set up by the Government of India in 1950 to collect socio-economic data employing scientific sampling methods, will start its fifty-ninth round from 1st January 2003.

Fifty-ninth round of NSS is earmarked for collection of data on land and livestock holdings, debt and investment and situation assessment for Indian farmers besides that on household consumer expenditure and employment-unemployment. The field operations of the survey will commence on 1st January 2003 and will continue up to 31st December 2003.

Enquiries on land and livestock holdings (LHS) and all-India debt and investment (AIDIS) form the core of the fifty-ninth round programmes. Enquiry on land holdings was first taken up in the NSS 8th round (July '54 - April '55) as part of FAO programme of World Agricultural Census. It was repeated in the 16th and 17th rounds (July '60 - June '61 and September '61 - July '62). The next NSS survey on the subject was in the 26th round (July '71 - September '72). The All India Rural Credit Survey, the forerunner of the 'All India Debt and Investment' survey (AIDIS) was conducted by the RBI for the first time in the year 1951-52, with a view to obtaining information for formulating banking policies regarding rural credit. The survey on rural debt and investment was again conducted by the RBI in the year 1961-62 for obtaining reliable estimates of debt, borrowings, capital formation etc. The next survey on the subject was entrusted to the NSSO by the RBI and was integrated with the survey on land holdings conducted in NSS 26th round. In accordance with the 10-year programme charted by the NSSO, the enquiries on the topics were carried out again in the NSS 37th round (1982) and subsequently in NSS 48th round (1992). The present round is essentially a repetition of the NSS 48th round. However, some changes have been effected in the sample design and the formats of the survey schedules at the suggestion of the Working Group on the subject for obtaining reliable estimates of various characteristics. The situation assessment survey of Indian farmers (SAS) has been taken up for the first time and it will serve as a benchmark database on Indian farmers.

Data to be collected in this round will relate to the fixed period of the agricultural year July 2002 - June 2003. Hence the calendar year of 2003 has been considered to be the most desirable survey period for this enquiry. In order to reduce the recall error, the total information relating to each sample household will be collected in two visits. The first visit (January to August) will broadly cover the Kharif season of the agricultural year 2002 - 2003 and the second (September to December) the corresponding Rabi season.

Geographic coverage

The survey covered the whole of the Indian Union except (i) Leh (Ladakh) and Kargil districts of Jammu & Kashmir, (ii) interior villages of Nagaland situated beyond five kilometres of the bus route and (iii) villages in Andaman and Nicobar Islands which remain inaccessible throughout the year.

Analysis unit

Household

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Sample Design

Outline of sample design: A stratified multi-stage design has been adopted for the 59th round survey. The first stage unit (FSU) is the census village in the rural sector and UFS block in the urban sector. The ultimate stage units (USUs) will be households in both the sectors. Hamlet-group / sub-block will constitute the intermediate stage if these are formed in the selected area.

Sampling Frame for First Stage Units: For rural areas, the list of villages (panchayat wards for Kerala) as per Population Census 1991 and for urban areas the latest UFS frame, will be used as sampling frame. For stratification of towns by size class, provisional population of towns as per Census 2001 will be used.

Stratification

Rural sector: Two special strata will be formed at the State/ UT level, viz.

• Stratum 1: all FSUs with population between 0 to 50 and
• Stratum 2: FSUs with population more than 15,000.

Special stratum 1 will be formed if at least 50 such FSU's are found in a State/UT. Similarly, special stratum 2 will be formed if at least 4 such FSUs are found in a State/UT. Otherwise, such FSUs will be merged with the general strata.

From FSUs other than those covered under special strata 1 & 2, general strata will be formed and its numbering will start from 3. Each district of a State/UT will be normally treated as a separate stratum. However, if the census rural population of the district is greater than or equal to 2 million as per population census 1991 or 2.5 million as per population census 2001, the district will be split into two or more strata, by grouping contiguous tehsils to form strata. However, in Gujarat, some districts are not wholly included in an NSS region. In such cases, the part of the district falling in an NSS region will constitute a separate stratum.

Urban sector: In the urban sector, strata will be formed within each NSS region on the basis of size class of towns as per Population Census 2001. The stratum numbers and their composition (within each region) are given below. - stratum 1: all towns with population less than 50,000 - stratum 2: all towns with population 50,000 or more but less than 2 lakhs - stratum 3: all towns with population 2 lakhs or more but less than 10 lakhs - stratum 4, 5, 6, ...: each city with population 10 lakhs or more The stratum numbers will remain as above even if, in some regions, some of the strata are not formed.

Total sample size (FSUs): 10736 FSUs have been allocated at all-India level on the basis of investigator strength in different States/UTs for central sample and 11624 for state sample.

Allocation of total sample to States and UTs: The total number of sample FSUs is allocated to the States and UTs in proportion to provisional population as per Census 2001 subject to the availability of investigators ensuring more or less uniform work-load.

Allocation of State/UT level sample to rural and urban sectors: State/UT level sample is allocated between two sectors in proportion to provisional population as per Census 2001 with 1.5 weightage to urban sector subject to the restriction that urban sample size for bigger states like Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu etc. should not exceed the rural sample size. Earlier practice of giving double weightage to urban sector has been modified considering the fact that two main topics (sch. 18.1 and sch 33) are rural based and there has been considerable growth in urban population. More samples have been allocated to rural sector of Meghalaya state sample at the request of the DES, Meghalaya. The sample sizes by sector and State/UT are given in Table 1 at the end of this Chapter.

Allocation to strata: Within each sector of a State/UT, the respective sample size will be allocated to the different strata in proportion to the stratum population as per census 2001. Allocations at stratum level will be adjusted to a multiple of 2 with a minimum sample size of 2. However, attempt will be made to allocate a multiple of 4 FSUs to a stratum as far as possible. Selection of FSUs: FSUs will be selected with Probability Proportional to Size with replacement (PPSWR), size being the population as per population census 1991 in all the strata for rural sector except for stratum 1. In stratum 1 of rural sector and in all the strata of urban sector, selection will be done using Simple Random Sampling without replacement (SRSWOR). Samples will be drawn in the form of two independent sub-samples. Note: Detail sampling procedure is provided as external resource.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The schedule 18.1 (Land and Livestock Holdings) consists of the following blocks:

Block 0- Descriptive identification of sample household: This block is meant for recording descriptive identification particulars of a sample household.

Block 1- Identification of sample household: The identification particulars of the sample household are to be recorded against items 1, 5 to 15.

Block 2- Particulars of field operation: The identity of the Investigator, Assistant Superintendent and Superintendent associated, date of survey/inspection/scrutiny of schedules, despatch, etc., will be recorded in this block against the appropriate items in the relevant columns.

Block 3- Household characteristics (only in visit 1): Characteristics which are mainly intended to be used to classify the households for tabulation will be recorded in this block. This block will be filled in visit 1 only.

Block 4- Demographic and other particulars of household members (only in visit 1): All members of the sample household will be listed in this block. Demographic particulars like relation to head, sex, age, marital status, general education and working status will be recorded for each member using one line for one member.

Block 5- Particulars of land of the household as on the date of survey: The information on particulars of land will be collected in this block. The land to be included in this block will cover all land which are owned, possessed on the date of survey and also the land which is not possessed on the date of survey but possessed during major part of a Rabi season or Kharif season of agricultural year 2002-03. It will include the land which is leased-out but not possessed anytime during the agricultural year 2002-03. Inclusion of a plot is independent of its use. As such, homestead land which has not been operated during the reference period will also be included in this block.

Block 6- Some general information of operational holdings for Kharif / Rabi: Some general

Abstract

The millions of farmers of India have made significant contributions in providing food and nutrition to the entire nation and provided livelihood to millions of people of the country. During the five decades of planned economic development, India has moved from food-shortage and imports to self-sufficiency and exports. Food security and well being of the farmer appears to be major areas of concern of the planners of Indian agriculture. In order to have a snapshot picture of the farming community at the commencement of the third millennium and to analyze the impact of the transformation induced by public policy, investments and technological change on the farmers' access to resources and income as well as well-being of the farmer households at the end of five decades of planned economic development, Ministry of Agriculture have decided to collect information on Indian farmers through “Situation Assessment Survey” (SAS) on Indian farmers and entrusted the job of conducting the survey to National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO).

The Situation Assessment Survey of Farmers is the first of its kind to be conducted by NSSO. Though information on a majority of items to be collected through SAS have been collected in some round or other of NSS, an integrated schedule, viz., Schedule 33, covering some basic characteristics of farmer households and their access to basic and modern farming resources will be canvassed for the first time in SAS. Moreover, information on consumption of various goods and services in an abridged form are also to be collected to have an idea about the pattern of consumption expenditure of the farmer households.

Schedule 33 is designed for collection of information on aspects relating to farming and other socio-economic characteristics of farmer households. The information will be collected in two visits to the same set of sample households. The first visit will be made during January to August 2003 and the second, during September to December 2003. The survey will be conducted in rural areas only. It will be canvassed in the Central Sample except for the States of Maharashtra and Meghalaya where it will be canvassed in both State and Central samples.

Geographic coverage

The survey covered rural sector of Indian Union except (i) Leh (Ladakh) and Kargil districts of Jammu & Kashmir, (ii) interior villages of Nagaland situated beyond five kilometres of the bus route and (iii) villages in Andaman and Nicobar Islands which remain inaccessible throughout the year.

Analysis unit

Household (farmer)

Universe

The survey did not cover the service sector enterprises pursuing the activities of wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles, motorcycles and personal and household goods (G); financial intermediation (J); public administration and defence (L); private households with employed persons (P) and extra-territorial organisations and bodies (Q).

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Sample Design

Outline of sample design: A stratified multi-stage design has been adopted for the 59th round survey. The first stage unit (FSU) is the census village in the rural sector and UFS block in the urban sector. The ultimate stage units (USUs) will be households in both the sectors. Hamlet-group / sub-block will constitute the intermediate stage if these are formed in the selected area.

Sampling Frame for First Stage Units: For rural areas, the list of villages (panchayat wards for Kerala) as per Population Census 1991 and for urban areas the latest UFS frame, will be used as sampling frame. For stratification of towns by size class, provisional population of towns as per Census 2001 will be used.

Stratification Rural sector: Two special strata will be formed at the State/ UT level, viz. - Stratum 1: all FSUs with population between 0 to 50 and - Stratum 2: FSUs with population more than 15,000. Special stratum 1 will be formed if at least 50 such FSU's are found in a State/UT. Similarly, special stratum 2 will be formed if at least 4 such FSUs are found in a State/UT. Otherwise, such FSUs will be merged with the general strata. From FSUs other than those covered under special strata 1 & 2, general strata will be formed and its numbering will start from 3. Each district of a State/UT will be normally treated as a separate stratum. However, if the census rural population of the district is greater than or equal to 2 million as per population census 1991 or 2.5 million as per population census 2001, the district will be split into two or more strata, by grouping contiguous tehsils to form strata. However, in Gujarat, some districts are not wholly included in an NSS region. In such cases, the part of the district falling in an NSS region will constitute a separate stratum.

Urban sector: In the urban sector, strata will be formed within each NSS region on the basis of size class of towns as per Population Census 2001. The stratum numbers and their composition (within each region) are given below.

• stratum 1: all towns with population less than 50,000
• stratum 2: all towns with population 50,000 or more but less than 2 lakhs
• stratum 3: all towns with population 2 lakhs or more but less than 10 lakhs
• stratum 4, 5, 6, ...: each city with population 10 lakhs or more

The stratum numbers will remain as above even if, in some regions, some of the strata are not formed. Total sample size (FSUs): 10736 FSUs have been allocated at all-India level on the basis of investigator strength in different States/UTs for central sample and 11624 for state sample. Allocation of total sample to States and UTs: The total number of sample FSUs is allocated to the States and UTs in proportion to provisional population as per Census 2001 subject to the availability of investigators ensuring more or less uniform work-load.

Allocation of State/UT level sample to rural and urban sectors: State/UT level sample is allocated between two sectors in proportion to provisional population as per Census 2001 with 1.5 weightage to urban sector subject to the restriction that urban sample size for bigger states like Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu etc. should not exceed the rural sample size. Earlier practice of giving double weightage to urban sector has been modified considering the fact that two main topics (sch. 18.1 and sch 33) are rural based and there has been considerable growth in urban population. More samples have been allocated to rural sector of Meghalaya state sample at the request of the DES, Meghalaya.

The sample sizes by sector and State/UT are given in Table 1 at the end of this Chapter. Allocation to strata: Within each sector of a State/UT, the respective sample size will be allocated to the different strata in proportion to the stratum population as per census 2001. Allocations at stratum level will be adjusted to a multiple of 2 with a minimum sample size of 2. However, attempt will be made to allocate a multiple of 4 FSUs to a stratum as far as possible.

Selection of FSUs: FSUs will be selected with Probability Proportional to Size with replacement (PPSWR), size being the population as per population census 1991 in all the strata for rural sector except for stratum 1. In stratum 1 of rural sector and in all the strata of urban sector, selection will be done using Simple Random Sampling without replacement (SRSWOR). Samples will be drawn in the form of two independent sub-samples.

Note: Detail sampling procedure is provided as external resource.

Sampling deviation

There was no deviation from the original sampling design

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Schedule 33 (Situation Assessment Survey) has been split into several blocks to obtain detailed information on various aspects of farmer households.

Block 0- Descriptive identification of sample household: This block is meant for recording descriptive identification particulars of a sample household.

Block 1- Identification of sample household: items 1 to 12: The identification particulars for items 1, 6 - 11 will be copied from the corresponding items of block 1 of listing schedule (Sch.0.0). The particulars to be recorded in items 2, 3, 4 and 5 have already been printed in the schedule.

Block 2- Particulars of field operation: The identity of the Investigator, Assistant Superintendent and Superintendent associated, date of survey/inspection/scrutiny of schedules, despatch, etc., will be recorded in this block against the appropriate items in the relevant columns.

Block 3- Household characteristics: Characteristics which are mainly intended to be used to classify the households for tabulation will be recorded in this block.

Block 4- Demographic and other particulars of household members: All members of the sample household will be listed in this block. Demographic particulars (viz., relation to head, sex, age, marital status and general education), nature of work, current weekly status, wage and salary earnings etc. will be recorded for each member using one line for one member.

Block 5- Perception of household regarding sufficiency of food: This block will record information about perception of households regarding sufficiency of food.

Block 6- Perceptions regarding some general aspects of farming: In this block some information regarding perception of the farmer household about some general aspects of farming are to be recorded.

Block 7- Particulars of land possessed during Kharif/Rabi: This block is designed to record information regarding the land on which farming activities are carried out by the farmer household during Kharif/Rabi.

Block 8- Area under irrigation during Kharif/Rabi: In

Abstract

This schedule is designed to collect the information on (a) participation of persons aged 5-29 years in the pursuit of education, (b) private expenditure incurred on the education of household members including those who are resident of Students' hostel at the time of survey, (c) examining the extent of educational wastage and their causes in terms of dropout and discontinuance and (d) IT literacy of persons aged 14 years and above. However, inclusions and exclusions, in a nutshell, are mentioned below.

Inclusions: I.School education commencing from class I to X or XII, as the case may be, irrespective of the recognition status of the educational institution, II.Higher secondary / Pre-university education leading to award of certificate/ diploma/ degree etc. including enrolment in private unrecognised institutions, which are authorised to sponsor students for public examinations as private or external candidates, III.General University education in Universities which are recognised by University Grant Commission(UGC), IV.Correspondence or distance learning courses conducted by Universities, Deemed Universities or Institutions, authorised by competent authorities for awarding regular degrees or diplomas or certificates, V.Technical or Professional courses, conducted by Universities, Deemed Universities or institutes like, National Institute of Fashion Technology, National School of Drama, Satyajit Ray Film and Television Institute, Film and Television Institute of India, Lok Nayak Jayaprakash Narayan National Institute of Criminology and Forensic Science, etc. or Institutions, authorised by competent authorities like All India Council of Technical Education (AICTE), Medical Council of India (MCI), The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, The Institute of Cost and Works Accountants of India, The Institute of Company Secretaries of India, Actuarial Society of India, etc., leading to award of degree/diploma/certificates VI.All types of courses of duration three months or more, conducted by Institutions like Industrial Training Institute (ITI), National Vocational Training Institute, Regional Vocational Training Institutes, etc., authorised by competent authorities VII.Any course at primary level and above conducted by recognised educational institution not covered above.

Exclusions: I.Art, music and similar type of courses conducted by individuals in their houses or by unrecognised/ unaffiliated institutions, II.Classes taken by Private tutors, III.Education in nursery/Kindergartens/Preparatory levels except for their enrolment statuses and dropout / discontinuance statuses . IV.The non-formal system of education being implemented through various programmes by government or other agencies except for their enrolment statuses and discontinuance / dropout statuses.

Summary description of the schedule: In the present round, Schedule 25.2 on education and IT literacy consists of 10 blocks. The first three blocks, viz., Block 0, Block 1 and Block 2 have used for recording identification of sample households and particulars of field operations, as practised in previous rounds. The last two blocks, viz., Block 8 and Block 9 have used to record the remarks/comments of investigator and supervisory officer(s) respectively. Block 3 is used for recording the household characteristics like household size, principal industry and principal occupation of household, household type, religion, social group, distance from nearest school having primary/upper primary/secondary level classes, whether the household has a computer/ any access to internet and household's usual consumer expenditure in a month etc. Block 4 is used for recording the demographic and other particulars of all the household members satisfying the modified definition of household. Particulars of IT literacy for household members aged 14 & above and the particulars of current educational attendance and current enrolment status for household member aged 5-29 years are also collected in Block 4. The education particulars of the household members, aged 5 years to 29 years, who are currently attending educational institutions at primary level and above are recorded in Block 5. In this block, information on course, level, class/grade/year, type of institution, medium of instruction, etc., are collected on basic course. Block 6 is designed to collect particulars of private expenditure on education of the household members, whose educational particulars are collected in block 5. Here, the break-up of expenditure of the basic course of each such member is collected in detail. Particulars of household members, aged 5 years to 29 years, who are currently not attending any educational institution, are collected in Block 7. In this block, information like whether ever enrolled, age at entry in school, age of discontinuation / dropping, etc. have also recorded.

Geographic coverage

National, States, Urban, Rural

Analysis unit

Households Indivisuals

Universe

Households, persons aged 5-29 years in the pursuit of education

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Outline of sample design: A stratified multi-stage design has been adopted for the 71st round survey. The first stage units (FSU) are the census villages (Panchayat wards in case of Kerala) in the rural sector and Urban Frame Survey (UFS) blocks in the urban sector. The ultimate stage units (USU) are households in both the sectors. In case of large FSUs, one intermediate stage of sampling is the selection of two hamlet-groups (hgs)/ sub-blocks (sbs) from each rural/ urban FSU.

Sampling Frame for First Stage Units: For the rural sector, the list of 2011 census villages (henceforth the term 'village' would mean Panchayat wards for Kerala) constitutes the sampling frame. In case of Kerala, due to the non-availability of Panchayat wards based on census 2011, the available list of Panchayat wards based on census 2001 is used as the rural frame. For the urban sector, the latest updated list of UFS blocks (phase 2007-12) is considered as the sampling frame.

Stratification: Stratum has been formed at district level. Within each district of a State/UT, generally speaking, two basic strata have been formed: (i) rural stratum comprising of all rural areas of the district and (ii) urban stratum comprising of all the urban areas of the district. However, within the urban areas of a district, if there are one or more towns with population 1 lakh or more as per Census 2011, each of them formed a separate basic stratum and the remaining urban areas of the district has been considered as another basic stratum.

Special stratum in the rural sector: There are some villages in Nagaland and Andaman & Nicobar Islands which reamins difficult to access. As in earlier rounds, a special stratum has been formed at State/UT level comprising these villages in the two State/UTs.

Sub-stratification:

Rural sector: If 'r' be the sample size allocated for a rural stratum, the number of sub-strata formed was 'r/2'. The villages within a district as per frame have been first arranged in ascending order of population. Then sub-strata 1 to 'r/2' have been demarcated in such a way that each sub-stratum comprised a group of villages of the arranged frame and had more or less equal population. Urban sector: If 'u' be the sample size allocated for an urban stratum, the number of sub-strata formed was 'u/2'. For all strata, if u/2 >1, implying formation of 2 or more sub-strata, all the UFS blocks within the stratum have been first arranged in ascending order of total number of households in the UFS Blocks as per UFS phase 2007-12. Then sub-strata 1 to 'u/2' have been demarcated in such a way that each sub-stratum had more or less equal number of households.

Total sample size (FSUs): 8300 FSUs have been allocated for the central sample at all-India level. For the state sample, there are 9274 FSUs allocated for all-India. State wise allocation of sample FSUs is given in Table 1.

Allocation of total sample to States and UTs: The total number of sample FSUs heve been allocated to the States and UTs in proportion to population as per Census 2011 subject to a minimum sample allocation to each State/ UT. While doing so, the resource availability in terms of number of field investigators has been kept in view.

Allocation of State/ UT level sample to rural and urban sectors: State/UT level sample size has been allocated between two sectors in proportion to population as per Census 2011 with double weightage to urban sector subject to the restriction that urban sample size for bigger states like Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu etc. do not exceed the rural sample size. A minimum of 16 FSUs (minimum 8 each for rural and urban sector separately) is allocated to each State/ UT.

Allocation to strata: Within each sector of a State/ UT, the respective sample size has been allocated to the different strata in proportion to the population as per Census 2011. Stratum level allocation has been adjusted to multiples of 2 with a minimum sample size of 2.

For special strata in the rural areas of Nagaland and A & N Islands, 4 FSUs has been allocated to each.

Allocation to sub-strata: Allocation for each sub-stratum has been 2 in both rural and urban sectors.

Selection of FSUs:

For the rural sector, from each stratum/sub-stratum, required number of sample villages have been selected by Probability Proportional to Size With Replacement (PPSWR), size being the population of the village as per Census 2011. For the urban sector, from each stratum/sub-stratum, FSUs have been selected by Probability Proportional to Size With Replacement (PPSWR), size being the number of households of the UFS Blocks. Both rural and urban samples have been drawn

Geographic coverage

The survey covered the whole of the Indian Union except (i) Leh (Ladakh) and Kargil districts of Jammu & Kashmir (for central sample), (ii) interior villages of Nagaland situated beyond five kilometres of the bus route and (iii) villages in Andaman and Nicobar Islands which remain inaccessible throughout the year.

Analysis unit

Household, Individual

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Outline of sample design: A stratified multi-stage design has been adopted for the 64th round survey. The first stage units (FSU) was the 2001 census villages (Panchayat wards in case of Kerala) in the rural sector and Urban Frame Survey (UFS) blocks in the urban sector. However, for the newly declared towns and out growths (OGs) in census 2001 for which UFS had not yet been done, each individual town/ OG was considered as an FSU. The ultimate stage units (USU) was be households in both the sectors. In case of large FSUs i.e. villages/ towns/ blocks requiring hamlet-group (hg)/ sub-block (sb) formation, one intermediate stage was the selection of two hgs/ sbs from each FSU.

Sampling Frame for First Stage Units: For the rural sector, the list of 2001 census villages (Panchayat wards for Kerala) constitute the sampling frame. For the urban sector, the list of latest available Urban Frame Survey (UFS) blocks and for non-UFS towns list of such towns/ OGs was considered as the sampling frame.

Stratification: Within each district of a State/ UT, generally speaking, two basic strata were formed: i) rural stratum comprising of all rural areas of the district and (ii) urban stratum comprising of all the urban areas of the district. However, within the urban areas of a district, if there were one or more towns with population 10 lakhs or more as per population census 2001 in a district, each of them formed a separate basic stratum and the remaining urban areas of the district was considered as another basic stratum. For a few districts, particularly in case of Tamil Nadu, if total number of towns in the district for which UFS was not yet done exceeds certain number, all such towns taken together formed another basic stratum. Otherwise, they were merged with the UFS towns for stratification.

Sub-stratification in the Rural sector: If "r" be the sample size allocated for a rural stratum, the number of sub-strata formed is "r/4?. The villages within a district as per frame were first arranged in ascending order of population. Then sub-strata 1 to "r/4" were demarcated in such a way that each sub-stratum comprised a group of villages of the arranged frame and have more or less equal population.

Sub-stratification in the Urban sector: If "u" be the sample size for a urban stratum, "u/4" number of sub-strata were formed. The towns within a district, except those with population 10 lakhs or more and also the non-UFS towns, were first arranged in ascending order of population. Next, UFS blocks of each town were arranged by IV unit no. × block no. in ascending order. From this arranged frame of UFS blocks of all the towns, "u/4? number of sub-strata were formed in such a way that each sub-stratum had more or less equal number of FSUs. For towns with population 10 lakhs or more, the urban blocks were first arranged by IV unit no. × block no. in ascending order. Then "u/4? number of sub-strata were formed in such a way that each sub-stratum had more or less equal number of blocks. All non-UFS towns taken together within the district formed one sub-stratum.

Total sample size (FSUs): 12688 FSUs for central sample and 13624 FSUs for state sample have been allocated at all-India level.

Allocation of total sample to States and UTs: The total number of sample FSUs is allocated to the States and UTs in proportion to population as per census 2001 subject to a minimum sample allocation to each State/ UT. While doing so, the resource availability in terms of number of field investigators had been kept in view.

Allocation of State/ UT level sample to rural and urban sectors: State/ UT level sample was allocated between two sectors in proportion to population as per census 2001 with 1.5 weightage to urban sector subject to the restriction that urban sample size for bigger states like Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu etc. should not exceed the rural sample size. A minimum of 8 FSUs was allocated to each state/ UT separately for rural and urban areas. Further the State level allocation for both rural and urban have been adjusted marginally in a few cases to ensure that each stratum gets a minimum allocation of 4 FSUs.

==========

More information on the sampling methodology is available in the document " Instructions to Field Staff - Volume-I"

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

This schedule is designed to collect the information on (a) participation in education of persons aged 5-29 years in the education system, (b) private expenditure incurred on education and (c) examining the extent of educational wastage and its causes in terms of dropout and discontinuance. The coverage of the ‘education’ includes:

I. School education including those under Education Guarantee Scheme (EGS) commencing from class I to X or XII, as the case may be, irrespective of the recognition status of the educational institution,

II. Higher secondary / Pre-university education leading to certificate/ diploma/degree etc. It also includes enrolment in private unrecognised institutions, which have regular classes and following the syllabus and pattern of the education as in recognised schools or colleges and which sponsor students for public examinations as private or external candidates,

III. General University education, whether full time or part time, leading to certificate/ diploma/ degree etc. The Universities not recognised by University Grant Commission will not be covered,

IV. Correspondence courses conducted by Universities, Deemed Universities or Institutions, authorised by competent authorities for awarding regular degrees or diplomas or certificates,

V. Higher secondary / Pre-university / Under-graduate/ Post-graduate / Professional/ Technical education leading to certificate/diploma/degree etc. conducted by recognised open university/schools,

VI. Technical or Professional courses, leading to degree/diploma/certificates, conducted by Universities, Deemed Universities or institutes like, National Institute of Fashion Technology, National School of Drama, Satyajit Ray Film and Television Institute, Film and Television Institute of India, Lok Nayak Jayaprakash Narayan National Institute of Criminology and Forensic Science, etc. or Institutions, authorised by competent authorities like All India Council of Technical Education (AICTE), Medical Council of India (MCI) etc.,

VII. Professional courses conducted by Institutes like The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, The Institute of Cost and Works Accountants of India, The Institute of Company Secretaries of India, Actuarial Society of India, etc.,

VIII. All types of vocational courses of duration three months or more, conducted by Institutions like Industrial Training Institute (ITI), National Vocational Training Institute, Regional Vocational Training Institutes,etc., authorised by competent authorities

IX. All the courses at primary level and above, whether recognised or not, conducted by recognised educational institutions and which are not covered under abovementioned categories.

The following courses shall be specifically excluded: - Art, music and similar type of courses conducted by individuals in their houses or unrecognised/ unaffiliated institutions, - Classes taken by Private tutors, - Education in nursery/Kindergartens/Preparatory levels except for their enrolment statuses and dropout / discontinuance statuses. - The non-formal system of education being implemented through various programs by government or other agencies except for their enrolment statuses and dropout / discontinuance statuses.

What is new?

This Schedule is broadly similar to that used in 52nd Round (July 1994 – June 1995) with the following new additions or modifications. - The NSS 52nd round covered only general and technical education whereas 64th round will also cover vocational education, - In the technical/professional category specific information on courses like MBA, Chartered Accountancy etc. will be collected, - Survey will cover persons in the age group 5-29 years as compared to 5-24 years in 52nd round, - Rather than collecting information on distance from nearest primary school information will be collected on the distances from nearest school having primary, upper primary and secondary level classes, - Information on Household Consumption Expenditure (Rs.) during last 30 days will be collected with the help of five questions in block 3 relating to household characteristics in place of detailed worksheet canvassed in 52nd round, - The information about the expenditure on education will be collected for at most two courses rather than one course as was done in 52nd round, - The block for collecting the details about the expenditure on dependents studying away from home in 52nd round has been dropped and two questions i.e. number of dependents studying away from home and the amount sent to them have been included in the block 3 on household characteristics, - A new question on “Changed educational institution during last one year?” has been introduced, - To get an idea about repetition, information about the class/grade/year in the current academic session and in the previous academic session will be collected, - For class-X and below, questions on grade completed before dropping / discontinuance and the type of school last

Literacy in India has been increasing as more and more people receive a better education, but it is still far from all-encompassing. In 2023, the degree of literacy in India was about 77 percent, with the majority of literate Indians being men. It is estimated that the global literacy rate for people aged 15 and above is about 86 percent. How to read a literacy rateIn order to identify potential for intellectual and educational progress, the literacy rate of a country covers the level of education and skills acquired by a country’s inhabitants. Literacy is an important indicator of a country’s economic progress and the standard of living – it shows how many people have access to education. However, the standards to measure literacy cannot be universally applied. Measures to identify and define illiterate and literate inhabitants vary from country to country: In some, illiteracy is equated with no schooling at all, for example. Writings on the wallGlobally speaking, more men are able to read and write than women, and this disparity is also reflected in the literacy rate in India – with scarcity of schools and education in rural areas being one factor, and poverty another. Especially in rural areas, women and girls are often not given proper access to formal education, and even if they are, many drop out. Today, India is already being surpassed in this area by other emerging economies, like Brazil, China, and even by most other countries in the Asia-Pacific region. To catch up, India now has to offer more educational programs to its rural population, not only on how to read and write, but also on traditional gender roles and rights.

Abstract

The millions of farmers of India have made significant contributions in providing food and nutrition to the entire nation and provided livelihood to millions of people of the country. During the five decades of planned economic development, India has moved from food-shortage and imports to self-sufficiency and exports. Food security and well being of the farmer appears to be major areas of concern of the planners of Indian agriculture. In order to have a snapshot picture of the farming community at the commencement of the third millennium and to analyze the impact of the transformation induced by public policy, investments and technological change on the farmers' access to resources and income as well as well-being of the farmer households at the end of five decades of planned economic development, Ministry of Agriculture have decided to collect information on Indian farmers through “Situation Assessment Survey” (SAS) on Indian farmers and entrusted the job of conducting the survey to National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO).

The Situation Assessment Survey of Farmers is the first of its kind to be conducted by NSSO. Though information on a majority of items to be collected through SAS have been collected in some round or other of NSS, an integrated schedule, viz., Schedule 33, covering some basic characteristics of farmer households and their access to basic and modern farming resources will be canvassed for the first time in SAS. Moreover, information on consumption of various goods and services in an abridged form are also to be collected to have an idea about the pattern of consumption expenditure of the farmer households.

Schedule 33 is designed for collection of information on aspects relating to farming and other socio-economic characteristics of farmer households. The information will be collected in two visits to the same set of sample households. The first visit will be made during January to August 2003 and the second, during September to December 2003. The survey will be conducted in rural areas only. It will be canvassed in the Central Sample except for the States of Maharashtra and Meghalaya where it will be canvassed in both State and Central samples.

Geographic coverage

The survey covered rural sector of Indian Union except (i) Leh (Ladakh) and Kargil districts of Jammu & Kashmir, (ii) interior villages of Nagaland situated beyond five kilometres of the bus route and (iii) villages in Andaman and Nicobar Islands which remain inaccessible throughout the year.

Analysis unit

Household (farmer)

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Sample Design

Outline of sample design: A stratified multi-stage design has been adopted for the 59th round survey. The first stage unit (FSU) is the census village in the rural sector and UFS block in the urban sector. The ultimate stage units (USUs) will be households in both the sectors. Hamlet-group / sub-block will constitute the intermediate stage if these are formed in the selected area.

Sampling Frame for First Stage Units: For rural areas, the list of villages (panchayat wards for Kerala) as per Population Census 1991 and for urban areas the latest UFS frame, will be used as sampling frame. For stratification of towns by size class, provisional population of towns as per Census 2001 will be used.

Stratification

Rural sector: Two special strata will be formed at the State/ UT level, viz.

• Stratum 1: all FSUs with population between 0 to 50 and
• Stratum 2: FSUs with population more than 15,000.

Special stratum 1 will be formed if at least 50 such FSU's are found in a State/UT. Similarly, special stratum 2 will be formed if at least 4 such FSUs are found in a State/UT. Otherwise, such FSUs will be merged with the general strata.

From FSUs other than those covered under special strata 1 & 2, general strata will be formed and its numbering will start from 3. Each district of a State/UT will be normally treated as a separate stratum. However, if the census rural population of the district is greater than or equal to 2 million as per population census 1991 or 2.5 million as per population census 2001, the district will be split into two or more strata, by grouping contiguous tehsils to form strata. However, in Gujarat, some districts are not wholly included in an NSS region. In such cases, the part of the district falling in an NSS region will constitute a separate stratum.

Urban sector: In the urban sector, strata will be formed within each NSS region on the basis of size class of towns as per Population Census 2001. The stratum numbers and their composition (within each region) are given below. - stratum 1: all towns with population less than 50,000 - stratum 2: all towns with population 50,000 or more but less than 2 lakhs - stratum 3: all towns with population 2 lakhs or more but less than 10 lakhs - stratum 4, 5, 6, ...: each city with population 10 lakhs or more The stratum numbers will remain as above even if, in some regions, some of the strata are not formed.

Total sample size (FSUs): 10736 FSUs have been allocated at all-India level on the basis of investigator strength in different States/UTs for central sample and 11624 for state sample.

Allocation of total sample to States and UTs: The total number of sample FSUs is allocated to the States and UTs in proportion to provisional population as per Census 2001 subject to the availability of investigators ensuring more or less uniform work-load.

Allocation of State/UT level sample to rural and urban sectors: State/UT level sample is allocated between two sectors in proportion to provisional population as per Census 2001 with 1.5 weightage to urban sector subject to the restriction that urban sample size for bigger states like Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu etc. should not exceed the rural sample size. Earlier practice of giving double weightage to urban sector has been modified considering the fact that two main topics (sch. 18.1 and sch 33) are rural based and there has been considerable growth in urban population. More samples have been allocated to rural sector of Meghalaya state sample at the request of the DES, Meghalaya. The sample sizes by sector and State/UT are given in Table 1 at the end of this Chapter.

Allocation to strata: Within each sector of a State/UT, the respective sample size will be allocated to the different strata in proportion to the stratum population as per census 2001. Allocations at stratum level will be adjusted to a multiple of 2 with a minimum sample size of 2. However, attempt will be made to allocate a multiple of 4 FSUs to a stratum as far as possible. Selection of FSUs: FSUs will be selected with Probability Proportional to Size with replacement (PPSWR), size being the population as per population census 1991 in all the strata for rural sector except for stratum 1. In stratum 1 of rural sector and in all the strata of urban sector, selection will be done using Simple Random Sampling without replacement (SRSWOR). Samples will be drawn in the form of two independent sub-samples.

Note: Detail sampling procedure is provided as external resource.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Schedule 33 (Situation Assessment Survey) has been split into several blocks to obtain detailed information on various aspects of farmer households.

Block 0- Descriptive identification of sample household: This block is meant for recording descriptive identification particulars of a sample household.

Block 1- Identification of sample household: items 1 to 12: The identification particulars for items 1, 6 - 11 will be copied from the corresponding items of block 1 of listing schedule (Sch.0.0). The particulars to be recorded in items 2, 3, 4 and 5 have already been printed in the schedule.

Block 2- Particulars of field operation: The identity of the Investigator, Assistant Superintendent and Superintendent associated, date of survey/inspection/scrutiny of schedules, despatch, etc., will be recorded in this block against the appropriate items in the relevant columns.

Block 3- Household characteristics: Characteristics which are mainly intended to be used to classify the households for tabulation will be recorded in this block.

Block 4- Demographic and other particulars of household members: All members of the sample household will be listed in this block. Demographic particulars (viz., relation to head, sex, age, marital status and general education), nature of work, current weekly status, wage and salary earnings etc. will be recorded for each member using one line for one member.

Block 5- Perception of household regarding sufficiency of food: This block will record information about perception of households regarding sufficiency of food.

Block 6- Perceptions regarding some general aspects of farming: In this block some information regarding perception of the farmer household about some general aspects of farming are to be recorded.

Block 7- Particulars of land possessed during Kharif/Rabi: This block is designed to record information regarding the land on which farming activities are carried out by the farmer household during Kharif/Rabi.

Block 8- Area under irrigation during Kharif/Rabi: In this block information regarding the area under irrigation during last 365 days for different crops will be recorded according to the source of irrigation.

Block 9- Some particulars of farming resources used for cultivation during Kharif / Rabi: Information regarding farming resources used for cultivation during the last 365 days will be ascertained from the farmer households and will be recorded in this block.

Block 10- Use of energy during last 365 days: This block will be

Geographic coverage

The survey covered the whole of the Indian Union except (i) Leh (Ladakh) and Kargil districts of Jammu & Kashmir, (ii) interior villages of Nagaland situated beyond five kilometres of the bus route and (iii) villages in Andaman and Nicobar Islands which remain inaccessible throughout the year.

Analysis unit

Household, Individual

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Sample Design Outline of sample design: A stratified multi-stage design has been adopted for the 60th round survey. The first stage units (FSU) will be the 1991 census villages in the rural sector and Urban Frame Survey (UFS) blocks in the urban sector. The ultimate stage units (USU) will be households in both the sectors. In case of large villages/blocks requiring hamlet-group (hg)/sub-block (sb) formation, one intermediate stage will be the selection of two hgs/sbs from each FSU.

Sampling Frame for First Stage Units: For the rural sector, the list of Census 1991 villages (panchayat wards for Kerala) and Census 1981 villages for J & K will constitute the sampling frame. For the urban sector, the list of latest available Urban Frame Survey (UFS) blocks will be considered as the sampling frame.

Stratification Rural sector: Two special strata will be formed at the State/ UT level, viz.

Stratum 1: all FSUs with population between 0 to 50 and Stratum 2: FSUs with population more than 15,000.

Special stratum 1 will be formed if at least 50 such FSUs are found in a State/UT. Similarly, special stratum 2 will be formed if at least 4 such FSUs are found in a State/UT. Otherwise, such FSUs will be merged with the general strata.

From FSUs other than those covered under special strata 1 and 2, general strata will be formed and its numbering will start from 3. Each district of a State/UT will normally be treated as a separate stratum. However, if the census rural population of the district is greater than or equal to 2.5 million as per population census 2001 or 2 million as per population census 1991, the district will be split into two or more strata, by grouping contiguous tehsils to form strata. However, in Gujarat, some districts are not wholly included in an NSS region. In such cases, the part of the district falling in an NSS region will constitute a separate stratum.

Urban sector: In the urban sector, strata will be formed within each NSS region on the basis of size class of towns as per Population Census 2001. The stratum numbers and their composition (within each region) are given below.

stratum 1: all towns with population less than 50,000 stratum 2: all towns with population 50,000 or more but less than 2 lakhs stratum 3: all towns with population 2 lakhs or more but less than 10 lakhs stratum 4, 5, 6,...: each town with population 10 lakhs or more

The stratum numbers will remain as above even if, in some regions, some of the strata are not formed.

Total sample size (FSUs): 7612 FSUs have been allocated at all-India level on the basis of investigator strength in different States/UTs for central sample and 8260 for state sample.

Allocation of total sample to States and UTs: The total number of sample FSUs is allocated to the States and UTs in proportion to provisional population as per Census 2001 subject to the availability of investigators ensuring more or less uniform work-load.

Allocation of State/UT level sample to rural and urban sectors: State/UT level sample is allocated between two sectors in proportion to provisional population as per Census 2001 with 1.5 weightage to urban sector subject to the restriction that urban sample size for bigger states like Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu etc. should not exceed the rural sample size. Earlier practice of giving double weightage to urban sector has been modified considering the fact that there has been considerable growth in urban population. A minimum of 8 FSUs will be allocated to each state/UT separately for rural and urban areas.

Allocation to strata: Within each sector of a State/UT, the respective sample size will be allocated to the different strata in proportion to the stratum population as per census 2001. Allocations at stratum level will be adjusted to a multiple of 4 with a minimum sample size of 4.

Selection of FSUs: FSUs will be selected with Probability Proportional to Size With Replacement (PPSWR), size being the population as per Population Census 1991 in all the strata for rural sector except for stratum 1. In stratum 1 of rural sector and in all the strata of urban sector, selection will be done using Simple Random Sampling Without Replacement (SRSWOR). Within each stratum, samples will be drawn in the form of two independent sub-samples in both the rural and urban sectors.

Note: Detail sampling procedure is provided as external resource.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Schedule 1.0 - Consumer Expenditure

Schedule 1.0 has been split into several blocks to obtain detailed information on the expenditure incurred on domestic consumption and other particulars of the sample household.

• Block 0 - Descriptive identification of sample household: This block is meant for recording descriptive identification particulars of a sample household.
• Block 1- Identification of sample households: This block is meant for recording the identification particulars of the sample FSU in terms of codes or numbers.
• Block 2- Particulars of field operations: The identity of the Investigator, the Assistant Superintendent and the Superintendent associated with the work, date of survey/inspection/scrutiny of schedules, date of despatch, etc., have been recorded in this block against the appropriate items in the relevant columns.
• Block 3- Household characteristics: The characteristics to be recorded in this block are mainly intended to be used to classify the households for tabulation.
• Block 4- Demographic and other particulars of household members: All members of the sample household will be listed in this block. Demographic particulars (relation to head, sex, age, marital status and general education) and number of meals taken will be recorded for each member using one line for one member.
• Block 5- Consumption of cereals, pulses, milk, sugar and salt during the last 30 days: In this block information on consumption of each item of cereals, pulses, milk, sugar and salt by the household will be collected for a reference period of 30 days preceding the date of survey in both types of schedule.
• Block 6- Consumption of edible oil, egg, fish and meat, vegetables, fruits, spices, beverages and processed food and pan, tobacco and intoxicants during the last 30/7 days: The information on consumption of edible oil, egg, fish and meat, vegetables, fruits, spices, beverages and processed food and pan, tobacco and intoxicants will be collected through this block.
• Block 7- Consumption of fuel & light during the last 30 days: In this block of both Schedule type 1 and Schedule type 2, information on consumption of fuel and light for the household during the last 30 days, prior to the date of survey, will be collected.
• Block 8- Consumption of clothing, bedding, etc. during the last 365 days: In this block, information on quantity and value of consumption of all items of clothing will be collected. The information in this block is required to be collected for a reference period of last 365 days. Consumption of clothing is defined as an item of clothing being brought into first-use.
• Block 9- Consumption of footwear during the last 365 days
• Block 10- Expenditure on education and medical (institutional) goods and services during the last 365 days: Under this block, information will be collected on educational and institutional medical expenses incurred during the last 365 days preceding the date of survey.
• Block 11- Expenditure on miscellaneous goods and services including medical (non-institutional), rents and taxes during the last 30 days: In this block, relating to miscellaneous goods and services, information will be collected on the expenditure for purchase of these items during the reference period. The reference period will be the last 30 days prior to the date of survey in both the schedule types 1 and 2.
• Block 12- Expenditure for purchase and construction (including repair and maintenance) of durable goods for domestic use during the last 30 days: Information on expenditure incurred for purchase and cost of raw materials and services for construction and repairs of durable goods for domestic use during the last 365 days will be collected in this block of both the schedule types 1 and 2. Expenditure will include both cash and kind.

Abstract

The schedule on morbidity and health care (Schedule 25.0) framed for the 60th round consists of 13 blocks. The different blocks of the schedule are: Block 0: descriptive identification of sample household Block 1: identification of sample household Block 2: particulars of field operation Block 3: household characteristics Block 4: demographic particulars of household members Block 5: particulars of earstwhile household members who died during last 365 days Block 6: particulars of economic independence and ailments for persons aged 60 years and above Block 7: particulars of medical treatment received as inpatient of a hospital during last 365 days Block 8: expenses incurred for treatment of members treated as impatient of hospital during last 365 days and source of finance Block 9: particulars of spells of ailment of household members during last 15 days (including hospitalisation) Block 10: expenses incurred during last 15 days for treatment of members (not as an inpatient of hospital) and source of finance Block 11: particulars of immunisation of children (0 - 4 yrs.), pre-natal and post-natal care for ever married women of age below 50 years during last 365 days Block 12: remarks by investigator Block 13: comments by supervisory officer(s)

Geographic coverage

The survey will cover the whole of the Indian Union except (i) Leh (Ladakh) and Kargil districts of Jammu & Kashmir, (ii) interior villages of Nagaland situated beyond five kilometres of the bus route and (iii) villages in Andaman and Nicobar Islands which remain inaccessible throughout the year.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Sample Design

Outline of sample design

A stratified multi-stage design has been adopted for the 60th round survey. The first stage units (FSU) will be the 1991 census villages in the rural sector and Urban Frame Survey (UFS) blocks in the urban sector. The ultimate stage units (USU) will be households in both the sectors. In case of large villages/blocks requiring hamlet-group (hg)/sub-block (sb) formation, one intermediate stage will be the selection of two hgs/sbs from each FSU.

Sampling Frame for First Stage Units

For the rural sector, the list of Census 1991 villages (panchayat wards for Kerala) and Census 1981 villages for J & K will constitute the sampling frame. For the urban sector, the list of latest available Urban Frame Survey (UFS) blocks will be considered as the sampling frame.

Stratification

Rural sector: Two special strata will be formed at the State/ UT level, viz. Stratum 1: all FSUs with population between 0 to 50 and Stratum 2: FSUs with population more than 15,000.

Special stratum 1 will be formed if at least 50 such FSUs are found in a State/UT. Similarly, special stratum 2 will be formed if at least 4 such FSUs are found in a State/UT. Otherwise, such FSUs will be merged with the general strata. From FSUs other than those covered under special strata 1 and 2, general strata will be formed and its numbering will start from 3. Each district of a State/UT will normally be treated as a separate stratum. However, if the census rural population of the district is greater than or equal to 2.5 million as per population census 2001 or 2 million as per population census 1991, the district will be split into two or more strata, by grouping contiguous tehsils to form strata. However, in Gujarat, some districts are not wholly included in an NSS region. In such cases, the part of the district falling in an NSS region will constitute a separate stratum.

Urban sector: In the urban sector, strata will be formed within each NSS region on the basis of size class of towns as per Population Census 2001. The stratum numbers and their composition (within each region) are given below. stratum 1 : all towns with population less than 50,000
stratum 2 : all towns with population 50,000 or more but less than 2 lakhs
stratum 3 : all towns with population 2 lakhs or more but less than 10 lakhs
stratum 4, 5, 6,...: each town with population 10 lakhs or more

The stratum numbers will remain as above even if, in some regions, some of the strata are not formed.

Total sample size (FSUs)

7612 FSUs have been allocated at all-India level on the basis of investigator strength in different States/UTs for central sample and 8260 for state sample.

Allocation of total sample to States and UTs

The total number of sample FSUs is allocated to the States and UTs in proportion to provisional population as per Census 2001 subject to the availability of investigators ensuring more or less uniform work-load.

Allocation of State/UT level sample to rural and urban sectors

State/UT level sample is allocated between two sectors in proportion to provisional population as per Census 2001 with 1.5 weightage to urban sector subject to the restriction that urban sample size for bigger states like Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu etc. should not exceed the rural sample size. Earlier practice of giving double weightage to urban sector has been modified considering the fact that there has been considerable growth in urban population. A minimum of 8 FSUs will be allocated to each state/UT separately for rural and urban areas.

Allocation to strata:

Within each sector of a State/UT, the respective sample size will be allocated to the different strata in proportion to the stratum population as per census 2001. Allocations at stratum level will be adjusted to a multiple of 4 with a minimum sample size of 4.

Selection of FSUs

FSUs will be selected with Probability Proportional to Size With Replacement (PPSWR), size being the population as per Population Census 1991 in all the strata for rural sector except for stratum 1. In stratum 1 of rural sector and in all the strata of urban sector, selection will be done using Simple Random Sampling Without Replacement (SRSWOR). Within each stratum, samples will be drawn in the form of two independent sub-samples in both the rural and urban sectors.

Selection of hamlet-groups/sub-blocks/households - important steps

Proper identification of the FSU boundaries: The first task of the field investigators is to ascertain the exact boundaries of the sample FSU as per its identification particulars given in the sample list. For urban samples, the boundaries of each Urban Frame Survey (UFS) block may be identified by referring to the map corresponding to the frame code specified in the sample list (even though map of the block for a latter period of the UFS might be available).

Criterion for hamlet-group/sub-block formation: After identification of the FSU, it is to be determined whether listing will be done in the whole sample FSU or not. In case the population of the selected village or block is found to be 1200 or more, it will be divided into a suitable number (say, D) of „hamlet-groups? in the rural sector and „sub-blocks? in the urban sector as stated below. less than 1200 (no hamlet-groups/sub-blocks) 1
1200 to 1799 3
1800 to 2399 4
2400 to 2999 5
3000 to 3599 6
…………..and so on

For rural areas of Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Nagaland and Poonch, Rajouri, Udhampur, Doda districts of Jammu and Kashmir and Idukki district of Kerala, the number of hamlet-groups will be formed as follows. approximate present population of the sample village no. of hgs to be formed
less than 600 (no hamlet-groups) 1
600 to 899 3
900 to 1199 4
1200 to 1499 5
.………..and so on

Two hamlet-groups/sub-blocks will be selected from a large village/UFS block wherever hamlet-groups/sub-blocks have been formed, by SRSWOR. Listing and selection of the households will be done independently in the two selected hamlet-groups/sub-blocks.

Formation of hamlet-groups/sub-blocks: In case hamlet-groups/sub-blocks are to be formed in the sample FSU, the same should be done by more or less equalizing population (details are in Chapter Two). Note that while doing so, it is to be ensured that the hamlet-groups/sub-blocks formed are clearly identifiable in terms of physical landmarks.

Listing of households: Having determined the hamlet-groups/sub-blocks, i.e. area(s) to be considered for listing, the next step is to list all the households (including those found to be temporarily locked after ascertaining the temporariness of locking of households through local enquiry). The hamlet-group/sub-block with sample hg/sb number 1 will be listed first and that with sample hg/sb number 2 will be listed next.

Formation of Second Stage Strata and allocation of households for Schedule 25.0

In each selected village/block/hamlet-group/sub-block, four second stage strata (SSS) will be formed as given below. SSS 1: households with at least one member hospitalised during last 365 days
SSS 2: from the remaining households, households having at least one child of age below 5 years
SSS 3: from the remaining households, households with at least one member of age 60 years or above
SSS 4: other households

Selection of households for Schedules 1.0, 10 and 25.0

From each SSS the sample households for all the schedules will be selected by SRSWOR. If a household is selected for more than one schedule only one schedule will be canvassed in that household in the priority order of Schedule 1.0, Schedule 10 and Schedule 25.0 and in that case the household will be replaced for the other schedule. If a household is selected for Schedule 1.0 it will not be selected for Schedule 10 or Schedule 25.0. Similarly, if a household is not selected for Schedule 1.0 but selected for Schedule 10 it will not be selected for Schedule 25.0. However, for the household, selected from SSS1 of Schedule 25.0, the Schedule 25.0 will be canvassed even if the household is selected for other schedules.

Sampling

Abstract

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) conducted, for the first time during November 1951 to August 1952, the “All India Rural Credit Survey” in 75 selected districts spread all over the country. The main objective of this survey was to study two aspects, viz.,(i) the demand for credit from rural families and (ii) the supply of credit by credit agencies -both institutional and non-institutional. The data were collected mainly for formulating the banking policies. The design of the survey was not suitable for providing estimates of indebtedness at the state and national level. The second such survey on rural “Debt and Investment” was conducted by the RBI in the year 1961-62 for obtaining reliable estimates of debt, borrowing, capital formation etc. The third comprehensive enquiry in this series of decennial surveys was entrusted by the RBI to the National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) and was conducted along with the survey on “Land Holding” during the year 1971-72, as a part of the NSSO programme in its 26th round survey operation. The fourth such survey was conducted in the 37th round (January to December 1982) along with Land Holdings as per the ten years programme charted by the Governing Council. The fifth such survey “All India Debt and Investment Survey (AIDIS)” was conducted along with “Land and Livestock Holdings” in the 48th round (January to December, 1992).

In the 59th round (January to December, 2003) also, “All India Debt and Investment Survey (AIDIS)” will be carried out along with “Land and Livestock Holdings”. The objectives of the AIDIS remain the same as those of the earlier surveys, namely, to obtain quantitative information on the stock of assets, incidence of indebtedness, capital formation and other indicators or rural/urban economy which will be of value in developing the credit structure in particular, and also for obtaining other allied information required in the field of planning and development. Further, since the survey will be of the kind of a repeat survey of that of the NSS 48th round, it is considered necessary to plan the survey in such a way as to ensure, as far as practicable, comparability with the estimates of the various characteristics generated from the earlier rounds.

Geographic coverage

The survey covered the whole of the Indian Union except (i) Leh (Ladakh) and Kargil districts of Jammu & Kashmir, (ii) interior villages of Nagaland situated beyond five kilometres of the bus route and (iii) villages in Andaman and Nicobar Islands which remain inaccessible throughout the year.

Analysis unit

Household

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Sample Design

Outline of sample design: A stratified multi-stage design has been adopted for the 59th round survey. The first stage unit (FSU) is the census village in the rural sector and UFS block in the urban sector. The ultimate stage units (USUs) will be households in both the sectors. Hamlet-group / sub-block will constitute the intermediate stage if these are formed in the selected area.

Sampling Frame for First Stage Units: For rural areas, the list of villages (panchayat wards for Kerala) as per Population Census 1991 and for urban areas the latest UFS frame, will be used as sampling frame. For stratification of towns by size class, provisional population of towns as per Census 2001 will be used.

Stratification

Rural sector: Two special strata will be formed at the State/ UT level, viz.

• Stratum 1: all FSUs with population between 0 to 50 and
• Stratum 2: FSUs with population more than 15,000.

Special stratum 1 will be formed if at least 50 such FSU's are found in a State/UT. Similarly, special stratum 2 will be formed if at least 4 such FSUs are found in a State/UT. Otherwise, such FSUs will be merged with the general strata.

From FSUs other than those covered under special strata 1 & 2, general strata will be formed and its numbering will start from 3. Each district of a State/UT will be normally treated as a separate stratum. However, if the census rural population of the district is greater than or equal to 2 million as per population census 1991 or 2.5 million as per population census 2001, the district will be split into two or more strata, by grouping contiguous tehsils to form strata. However, in Gujarat, some districts are not wholly included in an NSS region. In such cases, the part of the district falling in an NSS region will constitute a separate stratum.

Urban sector: In the urban sector, strata will be formed within each NSS region on the basis of size class of towns as per Population Census 2001. The stratum numbers and their composition (within each region) are given below. - stratum 1: all towns with population less than 50,000 - stratum 2: all towns with population 50,000 or more but less than 2 lakhs - stratum 3: all towns with population 2 lakhs or more but less than 10 lakhs - stratum 4, 5, 6, ...: each city with population 10 lakhs or more The stratum numbers will remain as above even if, in some regions, some of the strata are not formed.

Total sample size (FSUs): 10736 FSUs have been allocated at all-India level on the basis of investigator strength in different States/UTs for central sample and 11624 for state sample.

Allocation of total sample to States and UTs: The total number of sample FSUs is allocated to the States and UTs in proportion to provisional population as per Census 2001 subject to the availability of investigators ensuring more or less uniform work-load.

Allocation of State/UT level sample to rural and urban sectors: State/UT level sample is allocated between two sectors in proportion to provisional population as per Census 2001 with 1.5 weightage to urban sector subject to the restriction that urban sample size for bigger states like Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu etc. should not exceed the rural sample size. Earlier practice of giving double weightage to urban sector has been modified considering the fact that two main topics (sch. 18.1 and sch 33) are rural based and there has been considerable growth in urban population. More samples have been allocated to rural sector of Meghalaya state sample at the request of the DES, Meghalaya. The sample sizes by sector and State/UT are given in Table 1 at the end of this Chapter.

Allocation to strata: Within each sector of a State/UT, the respective sample size will be allocated to the different strata in proportion to the stratum population as per census 2001. Allocations at stratum level will be adjusted to a multiple of 2 with a minimum sample size of 2. However, attempt will be made to allocate a multiple of 4 FSUs to a stratum as far as possible. Selection of FSUs: FSUs will be selected with Probability Proportional to Size with replacement (PPSWR), size being the population as per population census 1991 in all the strata for rural sector except for stratum 1. In stratum 1 of rural sector and in all the strata of urban sector, selection will be done using Simple Random Sampling without replacement (SRSWOR). Samples will be drawn in the form of two independent sub-samples. Note: Detail sampling procedure is provided as external resource.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The Schedule 18.2 (Debt and Investment) consists of the following blocks:

Block 0- Descriptive identification of sample household: This block is meant for recording descriptive identification particulars of the sample household and the sample village/block to which the sample household belongs.

Block 1- Identification of sample household: The identification particulars of the sample household are to be recorded against items 1, 5 to 15.

Block 2- Particulars of field operation: The identity of the Investigator, Assistant Superintendent and Superintendent associated, date of survey/inspection/scrutiny of schedules, despatch, etc., will be recorded in this block against the appropriate items in the relevant columns.

Block 3- Household characteristics: Certain household characteristics, such as, household size, household type, religion, social-group, household industry, household occupation, consumer expenditure, and operation of land etc., which are intended to be used mainly as classificatory characteristics in tabulation will be recorded in this block. This block will be filled-in in visit 1 only.

Block 4- Demographic and other particulars of household members: All members of the sample household will be listed in this block. Demographic particulars viz. Relation to head, age, sex, marital status, general education and usual activity particulars with industry of work will be recorded for each member, using one line for each.

Block 5- Land owned by the household as on date of survey and related transactions during 1.7.02 to date of survey: This block will be filled in only during the first visit to the sample household. This block is meant for recording area and value of each type of land, including the house site and other residential areas, owned by the sample household on the date of survey and also the acquisition and disposal of land during the period 1.7.02 to date of survey. With the help of these data, the area and value of land owned by the household as on 30.6.02 will be derived.

Block 6- Buildings and other constructions owned by the household on the date of survey and related transactions during 1.7.02 to date of survey: This block will be filled in only during the first visit to the sample household. This block is meant for recording approximate floor area (sq mts 0.00) and value (Rs) of all owned buildings and constructions on the date of survey and also the value of acquisition and disposal of these