During a February online survey among buy-side advertising decision-makers handling annual ad budgets of at least 250 thousand U.S. dollars in the United States, approximately 40 percent of the participants said they expected the retail and e-commerce industry to cut its ad spending that year due to tariffs. The consumer electronics segment and the media and entertainment sector followed, mentioned by 33 and 28 percent of the respondents, respectively.

Japan introduces a new proposal for U.S. auto tariff reduction, emphasizing domestic production and export contributions to strengthen trade ties.

During a February online survey among buy-side advertising decision-makers handling annual ad budgets of at least 250 thousand U.S. dollars in the United States, 41 percent of participants anticipated cuts in social media ad spending that year due to tariffs. Gaming and linear TV followed, each mentioned by 24 percent. Approximately 43 percent of respondents cited other traditional media.

I derive a novel solution for the general equilibrium effects of tariffs that is robust to heterogeneity across industries and countries, and is a function of only aggregate trade data and country-by-industry Pareto shape parameters. Using the model to evaluate tariff shocks, I show that while most countries lose by removing observed tariffs unilaterally, India, Japan, Korea, and the United States gain by doing so, which suggests inefficient tariff discrimination. In evaluating multilateral shocks, observed tariff cuts over 1994–2000 benefit 69 percent of countries, with these benefits skewed toward developing nations. In contrast, removing all post-2000 tariffs benefit the developed. (JEL F12, F13, F14)

The majority of businesses in Japan were affected by the tariffs announced by the Trump administration, according to a survey conducted in April 2025. While **** percent of respondents stated that they would reduce their exports to the United States from overseas branches, the share that planned a reduction of exports from Japan was ********************.

India's reduction of tariffs on bourbon whisky imports from 150% to 100% is anticipated to boost U.S. brands like Jim Beam and enhance trade relations.

Reckitt Benckiser is investing $200 million to boost US manufacturing, creating 300 jobs and reducing import dependency amid potential Trump administration tariffs.

This data package includes the underlying data files to replicate the data, tables, and charts presented in Why Trump’s tariff proposals would harm working Americans, PIIE Policy Brief 24-1.

If you use the data, please cite as: Clausing, Kimberly, and Mary E. Lovely. 2024. Why Trump’s tariff proposals would harm working Americans. PIIE Policy Brief 24-1. Washington, DC: Peterson Institute for International Economics.

The present study develops an equilibrium displacement model (EDM) to evaluate the impacts of a free trade agreement (FTA) on the profits of individual farmers. The parameters representing the share of profit within revenue and the elasticity of cost with respect to quantity in the cost function play key roles in assessing the change in individual farmers’ profit. The application of the developed EDM to assess the impacts of the Korea–Chile FTA indicates that this FTA has little impact on the Korean grape market and grape producers in Korea.

This study extends the analysis of Kovak and Morrow (2022), who study the labor market effects of the FTA by comparing career trajectories for otherwise similar workers whose initial industries subsequently faced different tariff cuts under the FTA. Here, we focus on distributional impacts by examining how the effects of tariff cuts on employment and earnings differed for workers with different initial income levels. Our findings suggest that the effects of the FTA on earnings inequality were small, and the point estimates imply a slight reduction in earnings inequality among workers employed in manufacturing prior to the FTA’s enactment.

For the "tariff reduction product list" of regional trade agreements signed with our country, the products with abnormally increased import volumes monitored monthly. By 2016, the countries that had signed regional trade agreements with our country were mainland China, New Zealand, and Singapore.

Volvo CEO Hakan Samuelsson urges the EU to reduce its 10% car import tariff from the US, emphasizing no need for protection against American automakers.

This statistic shows the cost of non-tariff measures on U.S. agricultural exports to the EU expressed as a tariff equivalent, by product categories. As expressed as a tariff equivalent, U.S. exports of pork to the EU face an ** percent tariff due to non-tariff measures.

Non-tariff measures

Non-tariff trade barriers or non-tariff trade measures are, as the name suggests, barriers to trade other than tariffs. These are typically embodied in regulatory mechanisms such as customs valuations rules, licensing restrictions and quotas, as well as safety standards. Non-tariff barriers are generally implemented in order to help domestic business or protect the health and safety of a nation’s citizens, wildlife and environment.

The reduction or elimination of non-tariff barriers is at the heart of both the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership as well as the fears of its critics. The deal seeks to make trade regulations between the United States and European Union countries equivalent in order to facilitate greater trade. A recent study on TTIP has projected that U.S. exports to the EU would increase by ** to ** percent and EU to U.S. exports would increase by ** to ** percent.

Europeans, in particular, are largely against any measures that would make their consumer and environmental safety standards in line with those of the U.S. In general, product standards in the EU are higher than those in the U.S. As an example, in terms of chemicals in products, the U.S. takes the approach that any chemical is safe until proven unsafe, whereas the opposite holds true in the EU.

Tariff reduction and export growth of textiles exported by China to Japan.

Thailand is set to lower tariffs on U.S. corn imports, aiming to benefit local agriculture amid trade tensions.

This research examines the impact of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) on the textile and apparel industry within its member nations. The study seeks to understand the implications of RCEP on trade dynamics, innovation chains, and industrial integration in the textile sector. The study uses both quantitative analysis of trade data and qualitative assessment of policy frameworks to analyze changes in textile trade and patterns among RCEP members through UN Comtrade data. Qualitative analysis is conducted to examine RCEP policies related to intellectual property protection, investment regulations, and innovation cooperation. The findings reveal a significant increase in textile trade volume among RCEP member countries following the agreement’s implementation. China emerges as a key player, experiencing substantial growth in textile exports to RCEP nations, particularly driven by tariff reduction initiatives. RCEP provisions stimulate demand for innovation within the textile industry, fostering collaborative efforts in scientific research and development.

Real-time tracking of human and economic costs from Trump administration policy changes including tariffs, healthcare cuts, and Project 2025 implementation.

Why are some autocracies more open to trade than others? And why are autocratic trade policies so volatile? Despite wide variation in how autocracies approach international trade, existing research offers few answers to these questions. We argue that the trade policies of autocratic regimes depend in part on the mode of entry of their leaders. Autocrats can enter power either legally—according to established rules of succession—or extralegally, through a palace revolt or coup. These different modes of entry lead to different posttransition politics and trade policies. Because new extralegal leaders are outsiders with limited resources, they are vulnerable to coups by other ruling elites. They reduce this vulnerability by building public support via lower tariffs. However, as they consolidate their rule, they reverse these initial tariff cuts. Extralegal entries thus lead to foreign economic policies that are more “cooperative” in the short run but more volatile in the long run.

US Tariff Impact on the Market

US tariffs could have a substantial impact on the global contextual marketing market, especially in terms of cost structures and international trade dynamics. With contextual marketing relying heavily on digital platforms, mobile devices, and software solutions, tariffs on technology imports and services could result in higher operational costs for businesses.

For sectors such as activity-based marketing, which accounts for over 51.3% of the market, tariff-related increases could range between 2% and 4%, potentially leading to higher prices for end consumers. The mobile device sector, crucial for contextual delivery, may face a 3-5% rise in component costs.

Furthermore, industries like retail and consumer goods, which hold a 23.7% market share, could see reduced profit margins due to tariff-related cost increases. While tariffs may also drive companies to consider domestic alternatives to avoid additional charges, they may be faced with challenges in maintaining the competitive pricing needed in the fast-evolving digital marketing sector.

Economic Impact

• North America, the leading market, could face higher prices for technology-driven services.
• Tariffs may disrupt global supply chains, impacting regions relying on imported digital tools.
• The US market could drive the localization of digital marketing technologies to mitigate tariff effects.

Geographical Impact

• North America, the leading market, could face higher prices for technology-driven services.
• Tariffs may disrupt global supply chains, impacting regions relying on imported digital tools.
• The US market could drive the localization of digital marketing technologies to mitigate tariff effects.

Business Impact

• Higher costs could reduce the margins for businesses heavily dependent on digital marketing.
• Companies may seek alternative suppliers or in-house solutions to minimize tariff impacts.
• Small and medium-sized businesses may struggle to adapt to increased operational costs.

US Tariff Impact Percentage for Impacted Sector

The US tariffs are expected to impact sectors such as activity-based marketing (2-4%) and mobile devices (3-5%) in terms of increased costs, which could affect both pricing and competitiveness. Retail & consumer goods may experience a 1-3% rise in operational expenses due to increased import costs.

➤➤➤ Get a sample copy to discover how our research uncovers business opportunities here @ https://market.us/report/contextual-marketing-market/free-sample/

The zip file includes the files to replicate the estimation results in “What Goes Around Comes Around: Export-Enhancing Effects of Import-Tariff Reductions.”