This data package includes the underlying data to replicate the charts, tables, and calculations presented in The US Revenue Implications of President Trump’s 2025 Tariffs, PIIE Briefing 25-2.

If you use the data, please cite as:

McKibbin, Warwick, and Geoffrey Shuetrim. 2025. The US Revenue Implications of President Trump’s 2025 Tariffs. PIIE Briefing 25-2. Washington: Peterson Institute for International Economics.

On September 1, 2019, the United States imposed import tariffs on 112 billion U.S. dollars worth of Chinese goods, such as footwear, food products, and some home electronics. A trade war between the world's two largest economies was initiated by president Trump in mid-2018 and escalated further throughout 2019.

PG: Share of Tariff Lines with International Peaks: Primary Products data was reported at 37.884 % in 2013. This records an increase from the previous number of 37.868 % for 2012. PG: Share of Tariff Lines with International Peaks: Primary Products data is updated yearly, averaging 49.560 % from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2013, with 15 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 55.350 % in 1999 and a record low of 36.591 % in 2009. PG: Share of Tariff Lines with International Peaks: Primary Products data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Papua New Guinea – Table PG.World Bank.WDI: Trade Tariffs. Share of tariff lines with international peaks is the share of lines in the tariff schedule with tariff rates that exceed 15 percent. It provides an indication of how selectively tariffs are applied. Primary products are commodities classified in SITC revision 3 sections 0-4 plus division 68 (nonferrous metals).; ; World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database.; ;

New Zealand NZ: Tariff Rate: Most Favored Nation: Weighted Mean: All Products data was reported at 2.720 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.560 % for 2015. New Zealand NZ: Tariff Rate: Most Favored Nation: Weighted Mean: All Products data is updated yearly, averaging 4.670 % from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2016, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 11.240 % in 1992 and a record low of 2.130 % in 2011. New Zealand NZ: Tariff Rate: Most Favored Nation: Weighted Mean: All Products data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s New Zealand – Table NZ.World Bank: Trade Tariffs. Weighted mean most favored nations tariff is the average of most favored nation rates weighted by the product import shares corresponding to each partner country. Data are classified using the Harmonized System of trade at the six- or eight-digit level. Tariff line data were matched to Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) revision 3 codes to define commodity groups and import weights. Import weights were calculated using the United Nations Statistics Division's Commodity Trade (Comtrade) database.; ; World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database and the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Integrated Data Base (IDB) and Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database.; ;

Papua New Guinea PG: Share of Tariff Lines with Specific Rates: Primary Products data was reported at 1.024 % in 2013. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1.024 % for 2012. Papua New Guinea PG: Share of Tariff Lines with Specific Rates: Primary Products data is updated yearly, averaging 1.024 % from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2013, with 15 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8.540 % in 1997 and a record low of 0.068 % in 2003. Papua New Guinea PG: Share of Tariff Lines with Specific Rates: Primary Products data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Papua New Guinea – Table PG.World Bank: Trade Tariffs. Share of tariff lines with specific rates is the share of lines in the tariff schedule that are set on a per unit basis or that combine ad valorem and per unit rates. It shows the extent to which countries use tariffs based on physical quantities or other, non-ad valorem measures. Primary products are commodities classified in SITC revision 3 sections 0-4 plus division 68 (nonferrous metals).; ; World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database.; ;

Papua New Guinea PG: Tariff Rate: Applied: Weighted Mean: All Products data was reported at 2.590 % in 2013. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.570 % for 2012. Papua New Guinea PG: Tariff Rate: Applied: Weighted Mean: All Products data is updated yearly, averaging 2.670 % from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2013, with 15 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 15.660 % in 1999 and a record low of 1.590 % in 2007. Papua New Guinea PG: Tariff Rate: Applied: Weighted Mean: All Products data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Papua New Guinea – Table PG.World Bank: Trade Tariffs. Weighted mean applied tariff is the average of effectively applied rates weighted by the product import shares corresponding to each partner country. Data are classified using the Harmonized System of trade at the six- or eight-digit level. Tariff line data were matched to Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) revision 3 codes to define commodity groups and import weights. To the extent possible, specific rates have been converted to their ad valorem equivalent rates and have been included in the calculation of weighted mean tariffs. Import weights were calculated using the United Nations Statistics Division's Commodity Trade (Comtrade) database. Effectively applied tariff rates at the six- and eight-digit product level are averaged for products in each commodity group. When the effectively applied rate is unavailable, the most favored nation rate is used instead.; ; World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database and the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Integrated Data Base (IDB) and Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database.; ;

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</ul>Weighted mean applied tariff is the average of effectively applied rates weighted by the product import shares corresponding to each partner country. Data are classified using the Harmonized System of trade at the six- or eight-digit level. Tariff line data were matched to Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) revision 3 codes to define commodity groups and import weights. To the extent possible, specific rates have been converted to their ad valorem equivalent rates and have been included in the calculation of weighted mean tariffs. Import weights were calculated using the United Nations Statistics Division's Commodity Trade (Comtrade) database. Effectively applied tariff rates at the six- and eight-digit product level are averaged for products in each commodity group. When the effectively applied rate is unavailable, the most favored nation rate is used instead.

Papua New Guinea PG: Share of Tariff Lines with Specific Rates: All Products data was reported at 0.196 % in 2013. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.196 % for 2012. Papua New Guinea PG: Share of Tariff Lines with Specific Rates: All Products data is updated yearly, averaging 0.196 % from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2013, with 15 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.950 % in 1997 and a record low of 0.022 % in 2003. Papua New Guinea PG: Share of Tariff Lines with Specific Rates: All Products data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Papua New Guinea – Table PG.World Bank.WDI: Trade Tariffs. Share of tariff lines with specific rates is the share of lines in the tariff schedule that are set on a per unit basis or that combine ad valorem and per unit rates. It shows the extent to which countries use tariffs based on physical quantities or other, non-ad valorem measures.; ; World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database.; ;

Papua New Guinea PG: Share of Tariff Lines with International Peaks: All Products data was reported at 15.807 % in 2013. This records an increase from the previous number of 15.804 % for 2012. Papua New Guinea PG: Share of Tariff Lines with International Peaks: All Products data is updated yearly, averaging 25.618 % from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2013, with 15 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 35.077 % in 1999 and a record low of 15.108 % in 2009. Papua New Guinea PG: Share of Tariff Lines with International Peaks: All Products data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Papua New Guinea – Table PG.World Bank.WDI: Trade Tariffs. Share of tariff lines with international peaks is the share of lines in the tariff schedule with tariff rates that exceed 15 percent. It provides an indication of how selectively tariffs are applied.; ; World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database.; ;

NZ: Tariff Rate: Most Favored Nation: Weighted Mean: Primary Products data was reported at 1.490 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.350 % for 2015. NZ: Tariff Rate: Most Favored Nation: Weighted Mean: Primary Products data is updated yearly, averaging 2.520 % from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2016, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 14.150 % in 2010 and a record low of 0.980 % in 2011. NZ: Tariff Rate: Most Favored Nation: Weighted Mean: Primary Products data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s New Zealand – Table NZ.World Bank: Trade Tariffs. Weighted mean most favored nations tariff is the average of most favored nation rates weighted by the product import shares corresponding to each partner country. Data are classified using the Harmonized System of trade at the six- or eight-digit level. Tariff line data were matched to Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) revision 3 codes to define commodity groups and import weights. Import weights were calculated using the United Nations Statistics Division's Commodity Trade (Comtrade) database. Primary products are commodities classified in SITC revision 3 sections 0-4 plus division 68 (nonferrous metals).; ; World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database and the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Integrated Data Base (IDB) and Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database.; ;

Papua New Guinea PG: Tariff Rate: Applied: Simple Mean: All Products data was reported at 4.720 % in 2013. This records an increase from the previous number of 4.710 % for 2012. Papua New Guinea PG: Tariff Rate: Applied: Simple Mean: All Products data is updated yearly, averaging 6.320 % from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2013, with 15 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 20.890 % in 1999 and a record low of 4.710 % in 2012. Papua New Guinea PG: Tariff Rate: Applied: Simple Mean: All Products data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Papua New Guinea – Table PG.World Bank: Trade Tariffs. Simple mean applied tariff is the unweighted average of effectively applied rates for all products subject to tariffs calculated for all traded goods. Data are classified using the Harmonized System of trade at the six- or eight-digit level. Tariff line data were matched to Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) revision 3 codes to define commodity groups. Effectively applied tariff rates at the six- and eight-digit product level are averaged for products in each commodity group. When the effectively applied rate is unavailable, the most favored nation rate is used instead. To the extent possible, specific rates have been converted to their ad valorem equivalent rates and have been included in the calculation of simple mean tariffs.; ; World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database and the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Integrated Data Base (IDB) and Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database.; ;

Gold prices soar to $3,246 amid U.S.-China trade tensions, reflecting a 37% increase over the past year as investors seek safe-haven assets.

This table contains data on the tariffs of the water board levies. Water boards impose these levies as remuneration for their legal tasks. The most important legal tasks are flood defense, water management (ensuring the right water level for agriculture, nature, residents) and ensuring water quality. Some water boards also manage roads and waterways. The water boards impose water system levies, road levies and non-task-related levies (till 2015) on four categories of taxpayers: residents, owners of buildings, owners of land (unbuilt) and owners of nature sites. A water board can choose to impose a separate road levy or to pay the costs of road management and maintenance from the water system levy. Water boards can apply tariff differentiation. This means that a water board can use different tariffs for the same levy for, for example, areas outside dikes and inside dikes. If this is the case, the table shows an average rate. To calculate the average rate, the total revenue is divided by the total number of units on which the charge is compromised. The data included in this table have been derived from the budgets as reported by the water boards prior to each reporting year.

Data available from: 2009

Status of the figures: The rates for the year 2022 are provisional, rates over previous years are definitive. All provisional figures are subject to adjustments based on new or updated source material.

Changes as of 10 February 2022: The provisional figures for 2022 have been added. The figures for 2021 are definite.

When will new figures be published? The new figures from the water board budgets are published in the first quarter of the financial year. The figures can be adjusted on the basis of the availability of new or updated source material. In general, the adjustments are small. The adjustments are made at the moment a new annual figure is added to the series.

Papua New Guinea PG: Tariff Rate: Applied: Simple Mean: Manufactured Products data was reported at 3.120 % in 2013. This stayed constant from the previous number of 3.120 % for 2012. Papua New Guinea PG: Tariff Rate: Applied: Simple Mean: Manufactured Products data is updated yearly, averaging 4.900 % from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2013, with 15 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 18.550 % in 1997 and a record low of 3.120 % in 2013. Papua New Guinea PG: Tariff Rate: Applied: Simple Mean: Manufactured Products data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Papua New Guinea – Table PG.World Bank: Trade Tariffs. Simple mean applied tariff is the unweighted average of effectively applied rates for all products subject to tariffs calculated for all traded goods. Data are classified using the Harmonized System of trade at the six- or eight-digit level. Tariff line data were matched to Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) revision 3 codes to define commodity groups. Effectively applied tariff rates at the six- and eight-digit product level are averaged for products in each commodity group. When the effectively applied rate is unavailable, the most favored nation rate is used instead. To the extent possible, specific rates have been converted to their ad valorem equivalent rates and have been included in the calculation of simple mean tariffs. Manufactured products are commodities classified in SITC revision 3 sections 5-8 excluding division 68.; ; World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database and the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Integrated Data Base (IDB) and Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database.; ;

Papua New Guinea PG: Tariff Rate: Most Favored Nation: Weighted Mean: Manufactured Products data was reported at 1.930 % in 2013. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1.930 % for 2012. Papua New Guinea PG: Tariff Rate: Most Favored Nation: Weighted Mean: Manufactured Products data is updated yearly, averaging 2.090 % from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2013, with 15 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13.170 % in 1997 and a record low of 1.080 % in 2007. Papua New Guinea PG: Tariff Rate: Most Favored Nation: Weighted Mean: Manufactured Products data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Papua New Guinea – Table PG.World Bank.WDI: Trade Tariffs. Weighted mean most favored nations tariff is the average of most favored nation rates weighted by the product import shares corresponding to each partner country. Data are classified using the Harmonized System of trade at the six- or eight-digit level. Tariff line data were matched to Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) revision 3 codes to define commodity groups and import weights. Import weights were calculated using the United Nations Statistics Division's Commodity Trade (Comtrade) database. Manufactured products are commodities classified in SITC revision 3 sections 5-8 excluding division 68.; ; World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database and the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Integrated Data Base (IDB) and Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database.; ;

New Zealand NZ: Share of Tariff Lines with International Peaks: All Products data was reported at 0.021 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.014 % for 2015. New Zealand NZ: Share of Tariff Lines with International Peaks: All Products data is updated yearly, averaging 7.944 % from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2016, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 37.095 % in 1992 and a record low of 0.013 % in 2014. New Zealand NZ: Share of Tariff Lines with International Peaks: All Products data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s New Zealand – Table NZ.World Bank.WDI: Trade Tariffs. Share of tariff lines with international peaks is the share of lines in the tariff schedule with tariff rates that exceed 15 percent. It provides an indication of how selectively tariffs are applied.; ; World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database.; ;

Papua New Guinea PG: Tariff Rate: Most Favored Nation: Simple Mean: Manufactured Products data was reported at 2.740 % in 2013. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.730 % for 2012. Papua New Guinea PG: Tariff Rate: Most Favored Nation: Simple Mean: Manufactured Products data is updated yearly, averaging 4.390 % from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2013, with 15 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 16.950 % in 1997 and a record low of 2.730 % in 2012. Papua New Guinea PG: Tariff Rate: Most Favored Nation: Simple Mean: Manufactured Products data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Papua New Guinea – Table PG.World Bank: Trade Tariffs. Simple mean most favored nation tariff rate is the unweighted average of most favored nation rates for all products subject to tariffs calculated for all traded goods. Data are classified using the Harmonized System of trade at the six- or eight-digit level. Tariff line data were matched to Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) revision 3 codes to define commodity groups. Manufactured products are commodities classified in SITC revision 3 sections 5-8 excluding division 68.; ; World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database and the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Integrated Data Base (IDB) and Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database.; ;

Papua New Guinea PG: Tariff Rate: Most Favored Nation: Simple Mean: Primary Products data was reported at 12.150 % in 2013. This records an increase from the previous number of 12.110 % for 2012. Papua New Guinea PG: Tariff Rate: Most Favored Nation: Simple Mean: Primary Products data is updated yearly, averaging 13.750 % from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2013, with 15 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 33.250 % in 1999 and a record low of 11.060 % in 2008. Papua New Guinea PG: Tariff Rate: Most Favored Nation: Simple Mean: Primary Products data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Papua New Guinea – Table PG.World Bank: Trade Tariffs. Simple mean most favored nation tariff rate is the unweighted average of most favored nation rates for all products subject to tariffs calculated for all traded goods. Data are classified using the Harmonized System of trade at the six- or eight-digit level. Tariff line data were matched to Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) revision 3 codes to define commodity groups. Primary products are commodities classified in SITC revision 3 sections 0-4 plus division 68 (nonferrous metals).; ; World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database and the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Integrated Data Base (IDB) and Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database.; ;

Report Overview

The industrial robotics services market is experiencing rapid growth and evolution, fueled by technological innovations and shifting industrial needs. These services play a vital role in ensuring the smooth operation, maintenance, and optimization of robotic systems across diverse sectors, driving improvements in both productivity and operational efficiency.

According to Market.us's analysis, The Global Industrial Robotics Services Market is poised for significant growth, projected to reach USD 41.6 billion by 2033, up from USD 22.5 billion in 2023. This surge represents a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.35% during the forecast period from 2024 to 2033. In 2023, the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region dominated the market, securing a substantial 35.4% share with a revenue of USD 7.9 billion.

Rapid industrialization in the Asia-Pacific, alongside heavy investments in automation technologies, is driving significant market growth. China, Japan, and South Korea are at the forefront, benefiting from strong government support and a solid manufacturing foundation. Ongoing innovations in robotics, including AI integration and IoT connectivity, are key growth drivers, enhancing robots' intelligence and efficiency.

According to Exploding Topics, the Asia-Pacific region commands over one-third of the global robotics industry's revenue, underscoring its dominant role in both production and deployment. Countries such as China, Japan, and South Korea are leading adopters, collectively contributing a major portion of the global robot stock. As of 2023, China alone accounts for 41% of all operating industrial robots, followed by Japan (10.2%), the United States (8.9%), South Korea (8.9%), and Germany (6.3%).

While total unit sales of industrial robots declined slightly by 2.1%, amounting to 541,302 units in 2023, the operational stock grew by 9.7%, reaching 4,281,585 units. This reflects a clear trend toward long-term integration of robotics into existing infrastructures, even amid short-term fluctuations in sales volumes.

The robot-to-human ratio in manufacturing now stands at 1 to 71, and global robot density has risen from 151 to 162 units per 10,000 employees, demonstrating growing automation intensity. South Korea leads globally with a density of 1,012 robots per 10,000 employees, followed by China (470), Germany (429), and Japan (419).

From a corporate investment standpoint, 88% of companies are planning to invest in robotics, while 25% of industrial capital is expected to be allocated to automation in the next five years. This surge in investment is likely to further drive growth in sectors such as automotive, electronics, logistics, and heavy manufacturing.

Papua New Guinea PG: Tariff Rate: Most Favored Nation: Simple Mean: All Products data was reported at 5.120 % in 2013. This records an increase from the previous number of 5.110 % for 2012. Papua New Guinea PG: Tariff Rate: Most Favored Nation: Simple Mean: All Products data is updated yearly, averaging 6.470 % from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2013, with 15 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 20.660 % in 1999 and a record low of 4.990 % in 2008. Papua New Guinea PG: Tariff Rate: Most Favored Nation: Simple Mean: All Products data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Papua New Guinea – Table PG.World Bank: Trade Tariffs. Simple mean most favored nation tariff rate is the unweighted average of most favored nation rates for all products subject to tariffs calculated for all traded goods. Data are classified using the Harmonized System of trade at the six- or eight-digit level. Tariff line data were matched to Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) revision 3 codes to define commodity groups.; ; World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database and the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Integrated Data Base (IDB) and Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database.; ;