In all OECD member countries, people with a tertiary education earned more than those with an upper secondary education. In detail, the gap was highest in the Latin American countries, with earnings reaching as much as *** percent of those with an upper secondary education in 2021, underlining the high level of income inequality in these countries. On the other hand, the gap was smallest in the Scandinavian countries and Australia and New Zealand, reaching *** percent in Sweden.
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The average for 2022 based on 119 countries was 55.47 percent. The highest value was in Greece: 166.67 percent and the lowest value was in Tanzania: 5.43 percent. The indicator is available from 1970 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.
As of 2023, based on data dating back to 2021, Angola was the country worldwide where the lowest share of the population had a higher education of a bachelor's degree or higher. A high number of the countries on the list were located in Sub-Saharan Africa. On the other hand, Montenegro was the country where the highest share of the population had completed a bachelor's degree or more.
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Albania Educational Attainment: At Least Competed Short-Cycle Tertiary: Population 25+ Years: Female: % Cumulative data was reported at 21.695 % in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 19.755 % for 2021. Albania Educational Attainment: At Least Competed Short-Cycle Tertiary: Population 25+ Years: Female: % Cumulative data is updated yearly, averaging 13.479 % from Dec 2001 (Median) to 2022, with 14 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 21.695 % in 2022 and a record low of 5.660 % in 2001. Albania Educational Attainment: At Least Competed Short-Cycle Tertiary: Population 25+ Years: Female: % Cumulative data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Albania – Table AL.World Bank.WDI: Social: Education Statistics. The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed short-cycle tertiary education.;UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). UIS.Stat Bulk Data Download Service. Accessed April 5, 2025. https://apiportal.uis.unesco.org/bdds.;;
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Austria AT: School Enrollment: Tertiary: Female: % Gross data was reported at 106.698 % in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 105.240 % for 2021. Austria AT: School Enrollment: Tertiary: Female: % Gross data is updated yearly, averaging 29.849 % from Dec 1971 (Median) to 2022, with 38 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 106.698 % in 2022 and a record low of 6.943 % in 1971. Austria AT: School Enrollment: Tertiary: Female: % Gross data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Austria – Table AT.World Bank.WDI: Social: Education Statistics. Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Tertiary education, whether or not to an advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary level.;UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). UIS.Stat Bulk Data Download Service. Accessed April 5, 2025. https://apiportal.uis.unesco.org/bdds.;Weighted average;
These statistics on student enrolments and qualifications obtained by higher education (HE) students at HE providers in the UK are produced by the Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA). Information is available for:
Earlier higher education student statistics bulletins are available on the https://www.hesa.ac.uk/data-and-analysis/statistical-first-releases?date_filter%5Bvalue%5D%5Byear%5D=&topic%5B%5D=4" class="govuk-link">HESA website.
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Graph and download economic data for Ratio of Female to Male Tertiary School Enrollment for Developing Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SEENRTERTFMZSSSA) from 1970 to 2021 about Sub-Saharan Africa, enrolled, ratio, tertiary schooling, females, males, and education.
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The Netherlands: Tertiary school enrollment, percent of all eligible children: The latest value from 2021 is 89.39 percent, an increase from 85.34 percent in 2020. In comparison, the world average is 54.10 percent, based on data from 123 countries. Historically, the average for the Netherlands from 1971 to 2021 is 48.45 percent. The minimum value, 20.43 percent, was reached in 1971 while the maximum of 89.39 percent was recorded in 2021.
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Austria AT: School Enrollment: Tertiary: Male: % Gross data was reported at 83.109 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 83.333 % for 2021. Austria AT: School Enrollment: Tertiary: Male: % Gross data is updated yearly, averaging 34.049 % from Dec 1971 (Median) to 2022, with 38 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 83.333 % in 2021 and a record low of 16.282 % in 1971. Austria AT: School Enrollment: Tertiary: Male: % Gross data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Austria – Table AT.World Bank.WDI: Social: Education Statistics. Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Tertiary education, whether or not to an advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary level.;UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). UIS.Stat Bulk Data Download Service. Accessed April 5, 2025. https://apiportal.uis.unesco.org/bdds.;Weighted average;
In 2021, Luxembourg was the OECD country that spent the highest amount on higher education per student, reaching roughly 35,000 U.S. dollars. This was even though it was the country that spent the lowest amount in terms of share of gross domestic product. The United States followed behind, with the United Kingdom in third. On the other hand, Mexico was the OECD country in which the lowest amount was spent per full-time student in higher education.
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Czech Republic CZ: Educational Attainment: At Least Completed Post-Secondary: Population 25+ Years: Female: % Cumulative data was reported at 23.555 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 60.076 % for 2021. Czech Republic CZ: Educational Attainment: At Least Completed Post-Secondary: Population 25+ Years: Female: % Cumulative data is updated yearly, averaging 18.880 % from Dec 1991 (Median) to 2022, with 18 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 60.076 % in 2021 and a record low of 6.070 % in 1991. Czech Republic CZ: Educational Attainment: At Least Completed Post-Secondary: Population 25+ Years: Female: % Cumulative data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Czech Republic – Table CZ.World Bank.WDI: Social: Education Statistics. The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed post-secondary non-tertiary education.;UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). UIS.Stat Bulk Data Download Service. Accessed April 5, 2025. https://apiportal.uis.unesco.org/bdds.;;
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Japan: Tertiary school enrollment, percent of all eligible children: The latest value from 2022 is 64.63 percent, an increase from 63.17 percent in 2021. In comparison, the world average is 55.47 percent, based on data from 119 countries. Historically, the average for Japan from 1971 to 2022 is 38.85 percent. The minimum value, 16.86 percent, was reached in 1971 while the maximum of 64.63 percent was recorded in 2022.
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Graph and download economic data for Ratio of Female to Male Tertiary School Enrollment for Low Income Countries (SEENRTERTFMZSLIC) from 1970 to 2021 about enrolled, ratio, females, tertiary schooling, males, education, and income.
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Turkey: Tertiary school enrollment, percent of all eligible children: The latest value from 2022 is 127.58 percent, an increase from 125.76 percent in 2021. In comparison, the world average is 55.47 percent, based on data from 119 countries. Historically, the average for Turkey from 1971 to 2022 is 37.64 percent. The minimum value, 4.75 percent, was reached in 1973 while the maximum of 127.58 percent was recorded in 2022.
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Australia: Tertiary school enrollment, percent of all eligible children: The latest value from 2022 is 106.24 percent, a decline from 112.69 percent in 2021. In comparison, the world average is 55.47 percent, based on data from 119 countries. Historically, the average for Australia from 1970 to 2022 is 51.64 percent. The minimum value, 16.61 percent, was reached in 1970 while the maximum of 119.68 percent was recorded in 2015.
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Chile: Tertiary school enrollment, percent of all eligible children: The latest value from 2022 is 99.34 percent, an increase from 96.22 percent in 2021. In comparison, the world average is 55.47 percent, based on data from 119 countries. Historically, the average for Chile from 1970 to 2022 is 41.68 percent. The minimum value, 8.34 percent, was reached in 1970 while the maximum of 99.34 percent was recorded in 2022.
In 2021, Chile was the country that spent the highest share of its gross domestic product (GDP) on higher education, reaching 2.4 percent. Of this, 1.5 percent came from private sources. The United States followed behind with its total spending reaching 2.4 percent of its GDP. On the other hand, higher education spending in Saudi Arabia only amounted to 0.3 percent of its GDP. To find out more about the expenditure on higher education per student in selected countries worldwide, please click here.
Social and human care-oriented fields of study are dominated by female students in the OECD countries. For instance, in Australia, ** percent of the new students at short-cycle tertiary programs in education and ** percent of the new health students were women, compared to only ** percent of the new students within science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. There were some differences between the countries, but in all OECD countries, a majority of the new bachelor's students within education and health were women.
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Germany DE: Educational Attainment: At Least Competed Short-Cycle Tertiary: Population 25+ Years: Male: % Cumulative data was reported at 34.116 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 34.240 % for 2021. Germany DE: Educational Attainment: At Least Competed Short-Cycle Tertiary: Population 25+ Years: Male: % Cumulative data is updated yearly, averaging 30.280 % from Dec 2004 (Median) to 2022, with 19 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 34.240 % in 2021 and a record low of 27.030 % in 2006. Germany DE: Educational Attainment: At Least Competed Short-Cycle Tertiary: Population 25+ Years: Male: % Cumulative data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.World Bank.WDI: Social: Education Statistics. The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed short-cycle tertiary education.;UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). UIS.Stat Bulk Data Download Service. Accessed April 5, 2025. https://apiportal.uis.unesco.org/bdds.;;
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Mexico Tertiary Education: Teachers: % Female data was reported at 44.090 % in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 43.656 % for 2021. Mexico Tertiary Education: Teachers: % Female data is updated yearly, averaging 43.873 % from Dec 2021 (Median) to 2022, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 44.090 % in 2022 and a record low of 43.656 % in 2021. Mexico Tertiary Education: Teachers: % Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.World Bank.WDI: Social: Education Statistics. Tertiary education, academic staff (% female) is the share of female academic staff in tertiary education.;UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). UIS.Stat Bulk Data Download Service. Accessed April 5, 2025. https://apiportal.uis.unesco.org/bdds.;Weighted average;
In all OECD member countries, people with a tertiary education earned more than those with an upper secondary education. In detail, the gap was highest in the Latin American countries, with earnings reaching as much as *** percent of those with an upper secondary education in 2021, underlining the high level of income inequality in these countries. On the other hand, the gap was smallest in the Scandinavian countries and Australia and New Zealand, reaching *** percent in Sweden.