The National High Altitude Photography (NHAP) program was coordinated by the USGS as an interagency project to acquire cloud-free aerial photographs at an altitude of 40,000 feet above mean terrain elevation. Two different camera systems were used to obtain simultaneous coverage of black-and-white (BW) and color infrared (CIR) aerial photographs over the conterminous United States. The color-infrared photographs were taken with an 8.25-inch focal length lens and are at a scale of 1:58,000. The black-and-white photographs were taken with a 6-inch focal length lens and are at a scale of 1:80,000. The NHAP program, which was operational from 1980 to 1989, consists of approximately 500,000 images. Photographs were acquired on 9-inch film and centered over USGS 7.5-minute quadrangles.

In 2006 and 2007 the NOAA Office for Coastal Management purchased services to reprocess existing digital multi-spectral imagery (ADS-40) and create digital benthic habitat data from this imagery for selected Texas coastal bend bays. The Center worked cooperatively with the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (TPWD) and the Texas A and M University Center for Coastal Studies to develop benthic habitat data, primarily Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV) for several coastal bays. This data will support the state's recently adopted Seagrass Monitoring Program which calls for regional mapping of SAV for status and trends assessment. The Center, Texas A and M, and TPWD have coordinated on the requirements of this project. Original contact information: Contact Name: Harold Rempel Contact Org: Fugro EarthData, Inc. Title: Director of Program Management Phone: 301-948-8550 Email: hrempel@earthdata.com

The City of Longview is sharing the map service URL found at the TNRIS DataHub, https://data.tnris.org/collection/54abd8ee-3a1a-4206-8b39-742f13ec8ad6, under the Public Domain (Creative Commons CC0) license.

The imagery posted on this site is of the Texas and Louisiana Gulf Coast after Hurricane Rita made landfall. The regions photographed range from San Luis Pass, Texas to Deep Lake, Louisiana. The aerial photograph missions were conducted by the NOAA Remote Sensing Division the day after Rita made landfall, September 22 and concluded September 30. The images were acquired from an altitude of 7,500 feet, using an Emerge/Applanix Digital Sensor System (DSS). Over 2000 aerial images were obtained during this time period, with most available to view online and download.

The Civil Air Patrol is routinely tasked by FEMA and local public safety officials with taking aerial photographs. This collection comprises nearly 30,000 photos taken over the Hurricane Harvey study area, between August 19, 2017 and June 2, 2018. The majority of this collection were taken over southeast Texas from August 10 to September 2, 2017. These were originally uploaded to the web using the GeoPlatform.gov imageUploader capability, and hosted as a web map layer [1]. For this Harvey collection, I exported the dataset of photo location points to a local computer, subset it to the Harvey event, and created a shapefile, which is downloadable below. The photos and thumbnails were not included in this archive, but are attribute-linked to the FEMA-Civil Air Patrol image library on Amazon cloud [2].

The primary resource for these photos is the University of Texas at Austin Center for Space Research (UT CSR), hosted at the Texas Advanced Computational Center (TACC) [3]. These photos are organized by collection date, and each date folder has photo metadata in Javascript (js) and json format files. UT CSR has published a separate web app for browsing these photos [4], as well as several other flood imagery sources.

Note: The cameras used by the Civil Air Patrol do not have an electronic compass with their GPS to record the viewing direction. The easiest way to determine the general angle is to look at consecutive frame counterpoints to establish the flightpath direction at nadir and adjust for the photographer's position behind the pilot looking out the window hatch on the port (left) side of the aircraft. The altitude above ground level is typically between 1000-1500 feet, so it's easy to locate features in reference orthoimages.

Another source of aerial imagery is from the NOAA National Geodetic Survey (NGS) [5]. This imagery was acquired by the NOAA Remote Sensing Division to support NOAA homeland security and emergency response requirements.

References [1] US federal GeoPlatform.gov Image Uploader map service (ArcGIS Server) [https://imageryuploader.geoplatform.gov/arcgis/rest/services/ImageEvents/MapServer] [2] FEMA-Civil Air Patrol image library on Amazon cloud [https://fema-cap-imagery.s3.amazonaws.com] [3] UT CSR primary archive for Harvey photos on TACC [https://web.corral.tacc.utexas.edu/CSR/Public/17harvey/TxCAP/] [4] UT CSR web app for browsing CAP photos [http://magic.csr.utexas.edu/hurricaneharvey/public/] [5] NOAA NGS Hurricane Harvey Imagery [https://storms.ngs.noaa.gov/storms/harvey/index.html#7/28.400/-96.690]

This hosted feature layer is provided by theUSDA FPAC-BC-GEOand shows image acquisition dates for 2018 National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) imagery for Texas.This date index is state based and contains a polygon for each exposure used in the creation of the imagery. Click on a polygon to find out more information about any area on the image. Attribute information includes the following:IDATE - Image acquisition dateSDATE - Polygon start date/time - local 24 hour clock. The start/end time will be for the collection of the individual polygon (will be the same for frame based systems)EDATE - Polygon end date/time -local 24 hour clock. The start/end time will be for the collection of the individual polygon (will be the same for frame based systems)BCON - Color type - possible values are NC (natural color), CIR (color infrared), and M4B (4-band)CAM_TYPE - Camera type (Digital or film)CAM_MAN - Camera ManufacturerCAM_MOD - Camera modelHARD_FIRM - Camera HW and FW version which provides top level information specific to the camera systemSENSNUM - Sensor or lens serial numberAC_TYPE - Aircraft type - ICAO designation (i.e. C441 for a Cessna 441 Conquest II), airborne platforms only blank attribute for space-based systemsACTAILNUM - Aircraft tail number - airborne platforms only a blank attribute for space-based systemsSHAPE_AREA - Polygon area (square meters)RED_RNGE - Red electromagnetic spectrum - spectrum range in nano meters (604-664)GREEN_RNGE - Green electromagnetic spectrum - spectrum range in nano meters (533-587)BLUE_RNGE - Blue electromagnetic spectrum - spectrum range in nano meters (420-492)NIR_RNGE - Near infrared electromagnetic spectrum - spectrum range in nano meters (683-920)

This model is a two-dimensional (2D) hydraulic model created in the Hydraulic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System (HEC-RAS). The model was created for a segment of the San Saba River between Harkeyville and San Saba, TX, USA. The model’s geometry is based on United States Geological Survey 3D Elevation Program data collected in 2018, and the channel bathymetry was burned in using cross-sectional data collected by Texas State University researchers in 2018. The model was calibrated using water surface elevation and velocity measurements taken during field data collection. Methods Available data: Researchers from Texas State University collected depth, flow velocity, and wetted width data at 200 cross-sections spaced approximately 350 ft apart using the equipment listed in Table 1. Table 1. Equipment used and their accuracy for Texas State University data collection. Table from Harris et al. (2023).

Parameter

Equipment

Unit Accuracy

Location

GPSMap 64 Handheld GPS

10-50 feet

Velocity

Hach Velocity Meter (Model FH950.1)

0.1 feet/second

Depth

An adjustable “ruler” stick with feet as units

0.1 feet

Wetted Width

Laser Technology Inc. TruPulse 360r

3 feet to nonideal (natural) target

Data was collected between June 4th and June 27th, 2018. During this time period, USGS gage 08146000 (San Saba, TX) recorded discharges ranging from 11.9 to 396 cfs, with an average discharge of 20 cfs. USGS 3DEP 1 m resolution data collected between February 14th and April 22nd, 2018, was used to create the HEC-RAS terrain (Merrick-Surdex 2018). Discharge at USGS gage 08146000 ranged from 40.5 to 966 cfs during this time period. For much of the time period, the discharge was approximately 60 cfs. Bathymetric areas: The 3DEP data was imported as a terrain in HEC-RAS v.6.2, and field-collected cross sections were burned into the channel following methods from Harris et al. (2023). The 95 most upstream sites in the segment were associated with a single depth measurement in the center of the channel, whereas the remaining 105 cross sections were associated with three depth measurements collected in the center of the channel and on the left and right, although the position of measurements were not recorded. For cross sections that had three depth measurements, if the standard deviation of the depth exceeded 0.25 ft, all three measurements were used to delineate the cross section in HEC-RAS. For all other cross sections, a single depth was used to delineate the cross section (either the single available depth measurement or the average depth based on three measurements; Harris et al., 2023). A final bathymetric/topographic surface was generated following Harris et al. (2023) using inverse distance weighted interpolation with the field-collected cross sections to estimate channel bathymetry. Landcover was delineated using aerial photography (USDA 2018) and associated Manning’s N roughness values were determined following Chow (1959) and Harris et al. (2023) (Table 2). Table 2. Selected Manning’s N roughness values based on delineated landcover. Adapted from Harris et al. (2023).

Landcover Description

Chow 1959 Description, which has minimum/normal/maximum ranges (Manning's n Values (orst.edu))

Selected Roughness

Channel

(Main channel or Mountain Streams)

Channel

Sluggish reaches, weedy, deep pools (normal)

0.07

Channel2

clean, winding, some pools and shoals, some weeds and more stones (maximum)

0.05

Channel3

Clean, straight, full stage, no rifts or deep pools (minimum)

0.025

Cobbly3

No vegetation in channel, banks usually steep, trees and brush along banks submerged at high stages, bottom: gravel, cobbles, and few boulders (minimum)

0.03

Ineffective Sec2

Sluggish reaches, weedy, deep pools (maximum)

0.08

Ineffective Sec3

Very weedy reaches, deep pools, or floodways with heavy stand of timber and underbrush (normal)

0.1

Ineffective Sec4

Very weedy reaches, deep pools, or floodways with heavy stand of timber and underbrush (maximum)

0.15

Intermediate Zone

(Floodplains)

Grassy Floodway

Scattered brush/heavy weeds (maximum) or light brush and trees in summer (between normal and maximum)

0.07

Floodplain

(Floodplains)

Dense Woody

Dense willows, summer straight (minimum) or heavy stand of timber, downed trees, little undergrowth (normal)

0.1

Dense Woody2

Dense willows, summer straight (normal)

0.2

Sparse Shrub

Light to dense brush (Various definitions, ranges from minimum to maximum)

0.08

NoData

Scattered brush, heavy weeds (between normal and maximum)

0.06

A 2-D HECRAS mesh was created following Harris et al. (2023) with a mesh size of 40 square feet and a breakline with cell size of 20 feet located in the center of the channel. A 12 cfs unsteady flow simulation was run as a “hot-start” to fill the modeled channel and subsequently used as the initial conditions for additional flows simulated for the segment. Because the discharge recorded at USGS gage 08146000 varied during the field sampling period, different sections of the segment were calibrated to different discharges to match field conditions at the time of data collection (Table 3). Table 3. Discharges used to calibrate 2-D HEC-RAS model based on discharges recorded at USGS gage 08146000 during field collection dates in 2018.

Calibration discharge (cfs)

Average field discharge (cfs)

Range of field discharges (cfs)

Dates (2018)

Cross section

12

12.5

9.7-15.6

6/25; 6/27

29370-20044; 8279-467

16

15.9

13.5-17.4

6/21; 6/26

19597-8667

20

20

16.8-22.4

6/13-6/14; 6/20

49011-29699

26

26.5

21.1-30.3

6/12

56420-49340

34

33.8

30.3-36.5

6/11

63009-56840

40

40.3

20.6-114

6/4

72209-63766

Calibration was conducted in accordance with methods from Harris et al. (2023), with an initial channel roughness of 0.07 adjusted on a case-by-case basis throughout the segment based on comparisons of field-measured and modeled depth and velocity at cross sections. In addition, modeled channel widths were compared to aerial imagery for select discharges, and floodplain roughness was adjusted as needed in an attempt to match channel width from imagery (USDA, 2004-2018; Table 4). Table 4. Average discharge recorded at USGS gage 08146000 on select dates when aerial imagery from the National Agricultural Inventory Program (NAIP) was available (USDA, 2004-2018), used for comparison of imagery channel width with modeled channel width.

Discharge (cfs)

Imagery

Imagery date

12.5

NAIP

August 16th, 2006

22

NAIP

July 12th, 2014

54

NAIP

July 31st, 2010

86

NAIP

August 3rd, 2016

241

NAIP

December 12th, 2004

1600

NAIP

October 26th, 2018

The final overall root mean-squared error of the model after calibration was 0.31 ft s-1 for velocity and 0.34 ft for depth. Error at individual cross sections was also recorded for reference purposes. Summary of assumptions: This HEC-RAS model has assumptions matching those of Harris et al. (2023). Discharge data from 2018 at USGS gage 08146000 (San Saba, TX) have been approved by USGS. Usage notes: HEC-RAS 6.2 is a free hydraulic analysis software available for download from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. References: Chow VT. Open-channel hydraulics: New York: McGraw-Hill; 1959. Harris A, Wiest S, Cushway KC, Mitchell ZA, Schwalb AN. Hydraulic model (HEC-RAS) of the Upper San Saba River between For McKavett and Menard, TX [Dataset]. Dryad Data Repository; 2023. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.pc866t1tt. Merrick-Surdex. Lidar Mapping Report. 2018. Prepared for United States Geological Survey contract G16PC0029. Mitchell ZA. The role of life history strategies and drying events in shaping mussel communities: a multiscale approach [dissertation]. San Marcos (TX): Texas State University. 2020. Mitchell ZA, Cottenie K, Schwalb AN. Trait-based and multi-scale approach provides insight on responses of freshwater mussels to environmental heterogeneity. Ecosphere. 2023; 14(7):e4533. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4533. Mitchell ZA, Schwalb AN, Cottenie K. Trait-based and multi-scale approach provides insight on responses of freshwater mussels to environmental heterogeneity [Dataset]. Dryad Data Repository; 2023. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.msbcc2g3d. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Texas NAIP Imagery, 2018. Web. 2022-03-09.

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NOTE: Due to the higher resolution of this data, it may be slow to load or require the user to zoom to a smaller area of interest.Date of Images:2/25/2024Date of Next Image:UnknownSummary:This PlanetScope imagery captured by Planet Labs Inc. in February 2024 shows the impacts from a wildfire in northern Texas, USA.The color infrared image is created using the near-infrared, red, and green channels from the Planet instrument allowing for the ability to see areas impacted from the wildfires. The near-infrared gives the ability to see through thin clouds. Healthy vegetation is shown as red, water is in blue.Suggested Use:Color infrared depicts healthy vegetation as red, water as blue. Some minor atmospheric corrections have occurred.Satellite/Sensor:PlanetScopeResolution:3 metersEsri REST Endpoint:See URL section on right side of pageWMS Endpoint:https://maps.disasters.nasa.gov/ags04/rest/services/texas_fires_202402/planet_color_ir/MapServer/WMSServer

The National High Altitude Photography (NHAP) program was coordinated by the USGS as an interagency project to acquire cloud-free aerial photographs at an altitude of 40,000 feet above mean terrain elevation. Two different camera systems were used to obtain simultaneous coverage of black-and-white (BW) and color infrared (CIR) aerial photographs over the conterminous United States. The color-infrared photographs were taken with an 8.25-inch focal length lens and are at a scale of 1:58,000. The black-and-white photographs were taken with a 6-inch focal length lens and are at a scale of 1:80,000. The NHAP program, which was operational from 1980 to 1989, consists of approximately 500,000 images. Photographs were acquired on 9-inch film and centered over USGS 7.5-minute quadrangles. Visibility range of this layer includes scales from: 1:591,657,528 to 1:2,257.To view historical imagery availability by county please visit the Historical Availability of Imagery map.To view more NHAP imagery visit the NHAP Historical Imagery Gallery app.For ordering information please contact the GEO Customer Service Section at geo.sales@usda.gov.

This hosted feature layer is provided by the USDA FPAC-BC-GEO and shows image acquisition dates for 2016 National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) imagery for Texas.This date index is state based and contains a polygon for each exposure used in the creation of the imagery. Click on a polygon to find out more information about any area on the image. Attribute information includes the following:IDATE - Image acquisition dateSDATE - Polygon start date/time - local 24 hour clock. The start/end time will be for the collection of the individual polygon (will be the same for frame based systems)EDATE - Polygon end date/time -local 24 hour clock. The start/end time will be for the collection of the individual polygon (will be the same for frame based systems)BCON - Color type - possible values are NC (natural color), CIR (color infrared), and M4B (4-band)CAM_TYPE - Camera type (Digital or film)CAM_MAN - Camera ManufacturerCAM_MOD - Camera modelHARD_FIRM - Camera HW and FW version which provides top level information specific to the camera systemSENSNUM - Sensor or lens serial numberAC_TYPE - Aircraft type - ICAO designation (i.e. C441 for a Cessna 441 Conquest II), airborne platforms only blank attribute for space-based systemsACTAILNUM - Aircraft tail number - airborne platforms only a blank attribute for space-based systemsSHAPE_AREA - Polygon area (square meters)RED_RNGE - Red electromagnetic spectrum - spectrum range in nano meters (604-664)GREEN_RNGE - Green electromagnetic spectrum - spectrum range in nano meters (533-587)BLUE_RNGE - Blue electromagnetic spectrum - spectrum range in nano meters (420-492)NIR_RNGE - Near infrared electromagnetic spectrum - spectrum range in nano meters (683-920)

The NOAA Office for Coastal Management purchased digital Vexcel Ultracam imagery and digital elevation models of the Texas coastline at Espiritu-Santo Bay in 2007. The Coastal Texas project area is comprised of approximately 458 square miles. A total of 219 multispectral orthos were created to cover this area. Aerial imagery was collected in panchromatic, Red, Green, Blue and Near Infrared which yielded a natural color and false color infrared version of the completed digital orthophotography. Imagery was collected at an approximate altitude of 21000 feet above ground level. Original contact information: Contact Name: David Brostuen Contact Org: Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Title: Senior Program Manager Phone: 719-593-0093 Email: dbrostuen@sanborn.com

description: The NOAA Coastal Services Center (CSC) requested the creation of benthic habitat data along the southern Texas coast to support the Texas Seagrass Monitoring Program. The benthic habitat map was created from 1m ADS40 digital airborne imagery collected along the Texas coast during 2004 for the National Agriculture Imagery Program. The original raw images were reprocessed into 3-band true color and color-IR orthos. The benthic habitat map was created from resampled 2m mosaicked orthos. Habitat classification was performed through segmentation of the imagery using Definiens Professional and habitat labeling through Classification and Regression Tree (CART) Analysis. The minimum mapping unit is 100m2. This map covers Lower Laguna Madre, which is approximately 800mi2.; abstract: The NOAA Coastal Services Center (CSC) requested the creation of benthic habitat data along the southern Texas coast to support the Texas Seagrass Monitoring Program. The benthic habitat map was created from 1m ADS40 digital airborne imagery collected along the Texas coast during 2004 for the National Agriculture Imagery Program. The original raw images were reprocessed into 3-band true color and color-IR orthos. The benthic habitat map was created from resampled 2m mosaicked orthos. Habitat classification was performed through segmentation of the imagery using Definiens Professional and habitat labeling through Classification and Regression Tree (CART) Analysis. The minimum mapping unit is 100m2. This map covers Lower Laguna Madre, which is approximately 800mi2.

Data collected in and along the Devils River from Juno to Lake Amistad, Texas include: Topographic and bathymetric lidar data in both 1m raster (BIL) and point (LAS) formats; Orthophotos in geoTiff format; and an index map (SHP) depicting data extents. For an area of more detailed study--a pool two kilometers long from Finnegan Springs to Dolan Falls--we're providing Sonar and GPR point (LAS) data and a 1m composite (lidar + GPR) raster (BIL) dataset. 0README.txt provides additional information.

This hosted feature layer is provided by the USDA FPAC-BC-GEO and shows image acquisition dates for 2022 National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) imagery for Texas. This date index is state based and contains a polygon for each exposure used in the creation of the imagery. Click on a polygon to find out more information about any area on the image. Attribute information includes the following: IDATE - Image acquisition date SDATE - Polygon start date/time - local 24 hour clock. The start/end time will be for the collection of the individual polygon (will be the same for frame based systems)EDATE - Polygon end date/time - local 24 hour clock. The start/end time will be for the collection of the individual polygon (will be the same for frame based systems)BCON - Color type - possible values are NC (natural color), CIR (color infrared), and M4B (4-band)CAM_TYPE - Camera type (Digital or film)CAM_MAN - Camera ManufacturerCAM_MOD - Camera modelHARD_FIRM - Camera HW and FW version which provides top level information specific to the camera systemSENSNUM - Sensor or lens serial numberAC_TYPE - Aircraft type - ICAO designation (i.e. C441 for a Cessna 441 Conquest II), airborne platforms only blank attribute for space-based systemsACTAILNUM - Aircraft tail number - airborne platforms only a blank attribute for space-based systemsSHAPE_AREA - Polygon area (square meters)RED_RNGE - Red electromagnetic spectrum - spectrum range in nano meters (604-664)GREEN_RNGE - Green electromagnetic spectrum - spectrum range in nano meters (533-587)BLUE_RNGE - Blue electromagnetic spectrum - spectrum range in nano meters (420-492)NIR_RNGE - Near infrared electromagnetic spectrum - spectrum range in nano meters (683-920)

This dataset contains Texas 4km Channel 1 Visible imagery from the GOES-11 satellite taken during the HIPPO-5 project. The imagery are in JPG format. The imagery cover the time span from 2011-08-03 14:00:00 to 2011-10-12 01:00:00.

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Link to the ScienceBase Item Summary page for the item described by this metadata record. Service Protocol: Link to the ScienceBase Item Summary page for the item described by this metadata record. Application Profile: Web Browser. Link Function: information