(1) This hierarchical file contains 202,112 records. There are approximately 157 variables and two record types: family and person. Family records contain approximately 58 variables, and person records contain approximately 99 variables. (2) Each family and person record contains a weight, which must be used in any analysis. (3) This data file was obtained from the Data Program and Library Service (DPLS), University of Wisconsin. Some data management operations intended to store the data more efficiently were performed by DPLS. That organization also revised the original Census Bureau documentation. (4) The codebook is provided by ICPSR as a Portable Document Format (PDF) file. The PDF file format was developed by Adobe Systems Incorporated and can be accessed using PDF reader software, such as the Adobe Acrobat Reader. Information on how to obtain a copy of the Acrobat Reader is provided on the ICPSR Web site. This data collection supplies standard monthly labor force data as well as supplemental data on work experience, income, and migration. Comprehensive information is given on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 14 years old and older. Additional data are available concerning weeks worked and hours per week worked, reason not working full-time, total income and income components, and residence. Information on demographic characteristics, such as age, sex, race, educational attainment, marital status, veteran status, household relationship, and Hispanic origin, is available for each person in the household enumerated. Persons in the civilian noninstitutional population of the United States living in households and members of the armed forces living in civilian housing units in 1969. Datasets: DS1: Current Population Survey: Annual Demographic File, 1969 A national probability sample was used in selecting housing units.

Abstract (en): This data collection contains standard data on labor force activity for the week prior to the survey. Comprehensive data are available on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 15 years old and over. Also supplied are personal characteristics such as age, sex, race, marital status, veteran status, household relationship, educational background, and Hispanic origin. In addition, supplemental data pertaining to fertility and marital history are included in the file. Data are presented for females aged 15 to 44 regarding date of first marriage, if ever married, number of liveborn children, and date of birth of youngest and oldest children. The universe consists of all persons in the civilian noninstitutional population of the United States living in households. The probability sample selected to represent the universe consists of approximately 57,000 households. The sample was located in 754 primary sampling units comprising 2,121 counties, minor civil divisions, and independent cities, with coverage in every state and the District of Columbia. 1998-11-16 A machine-readable database dictionary has been added to the collection. The codebook is provided as a Portable Document Format (PDF) file. The PDF file format was developed by Adobe Systems Incorporated and can be accessed using PDF reader software, such as the Adobe Acrobat Reader. Information on how to obtain a copy of the Acrobat Reader is provided through the ICPSR Website on the Internet.

Historical population counts for municipalities in the State of Vermont (1791-2020) compiled by the Vermont Historical Society (years 1791-2010) then appended with 2020 Census counts.An attempt was made to convert counts to current town names to allow for analyses of population change of an area over time. The Historical Society notes, “For example, the census numbers from Kellyvale are counted as the town of Lowell because the name was changed in 1831. Cabot is included in Washington County records, even though it was in Caledonia County through the 1850 census.” This does create some issues where there are changes in geography such as boundary changes, annexations, and new incorporations (such as Rutland City splitting off from Rutland Town).The Historical Society collected the data from a variety of sources.The 1791-2010 data was extracted from PDF’s by VCGI Open Data Fellow Kendal Fortney in 2017.

This dataset of U.S. mortality trends since 1900 highlights the differences in age-adjusted death rates and life expectancy at birth by race and sex. Age-adjusted death rates (deaths per 100,000) after 1998 are calculated based on the 2000 U.S. standard population. Populations used for computing death rates for 2011–2017 are postcensal estimates based on the 2010 census, estimated as of July 1, 2010. Rates for census years are based on populations enumerated in the corresponding censuses. Rates for noncensus years between 2000 and 2010 are revised using updated intercensal population estimates and may differ from rates previously published. Data on age-adjusted death rates prior to 1999 are taken from historical data (see References below). Life expectancy data are available up to 2017. Due to changes in categories of race used in publications, data are not available for the black population consistently before 1968, and not at all before 1960. More information on historical data on age-adjusted death rates is available at https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/mortality/hist293.htm. SOURCES CDC/NCHS, National Vital Statistics System, historical data, 1900-1998 (see https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/mortality_historical_data.htm); CDC/NCHS, National Vital Statistics System, mortality data (see http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/deaths.htm); and CDC WONDER (see http://wonder.cdc.gov). REFERENCES National Center for Health Statistics, Data Warehouse. Comparability of cause-of-death between ICD revisions. 2008. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/mortality/comparability_icd.htm. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital statistics data available. Mortality multiple cause files. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data_access/vitalstatsonline.htm. Kochanek KD, Murphy SL, Xu JQ, Arias E. Deaths: Final data for 2017. National Vital Statistics Reports; vol 68 no 9. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2019. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr68/nvsr68_09-508.pdf. Arias E, Xu JQ. United States life tables, 2017. National Vital Statistics Reports; vol 68 no 7. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2019. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr68/nvsr68_07-508.pdf. National Center for Health Statistics. Historical Data, 1900-1998. 2009. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/mortality_historical_data.htm.

Abstract

The Population and Housing Census 1969, has been done after years, the previous one done in 1962. it is a de jure analysis of Kenyan households covering all individuals present.

Geographic coverage

it covers the whoe country

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Mode of data collection

face to face

The Forest Response to Stress and Damage (frequently referred to as FORSTAD) and long term forest monitoring project began in 1992 to study how mixed-oak forests respond to multiple forms of environmental change. The research took place at Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies in the Hudson Valley of New York. FORSTAD included several sub-projects including (1) nutrient cycling dynamics, (2) spongy moth population dynamics, (3) small mammal dynamics and (4) vegetation dynamics. This dataset is a contribution to the Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, and is part of the Long term monitoring of forest ecosystems: Cary vegetation dynamics archive.Vegetation dynamics: To understand the impacts of anthropogenic stressors on forest trees, measurements were made of aspects of trees that had to do with the condition and survival of trees. The measurements included the size and species of trees in designated plots in the forest, the size and species of saplings in smaller subplots, the quantity of seeds produced by trees using seed traps and the predation of seeds and survival of seedlings in subplots. Canopy defoliation levels were recorded via fisheye canopy photography on the 20 vegetation monitoring plots, and on other plots used specifically for spongy moth or small mammal monitoring. The vegetation data were used for direct analysis of change in forest structure and composition, and also to parameterize a computer model of vegetation dynamics, which was used as a research and management tool. Datasets include:· Canopy census – species composition, age & size structure of trees, reproductive status & condition of canopy· Canopy condition & leaf area index via fisheye camera photos· Seed production· Seed predation· Seedling survival and growth· Mapping of all plots, trees, seed & seedling data collection plots· Deer & small mammal exclosure census· Soil moistureThe data included here are canopy census data collected from 1993 to 1999.File list:Canopy_Census_Data_1993_1999_All_Plots_Metadata_public.pdf - contains complete project metadata, personnel, methodology, and definitions for data variables in all data files.FORSTAD_Canopy_Census_Data_1993_1999_All_Plots.csvFORSTAD_Protocol_Canopy_Census_1994.pdfFORSTAD_Protocol_Canopy_Census_1997.pdfFORSTAD_Protocol_Canopy_Census_1999.pdfSee Related Materials for more data from the FORSTAD vegetation sub-project.

The data contains approximately 36,000 personal names derived from medieval Russian documentation. More preciously, names are collected from an edited version of the census book of Vodskaja pjatina, which was one of the five administrative areas in the late 15^th century Novgorod.

Editions were compiled in parts and the first two, which cover the northernmost region, are called Переписная окладная книга по новугороду вотской пятины (1851, 1852)(POKV I‒II). The third part of the book series Новгородские пистсовые книги (1868)(NPK III) covers the southern and western parts of the study area.

The process of obtaining the personal from the inscription has been following: First, editions of the census book were obtained as scanned PDF files. These were transformed as editable copies by using OCR (=Optical Character Recognition) software Abbyy. The program read the original mid-19^th century Russian text adequately with its old Russian alphabet package.

After the initial corrections, a Python script was written to harvest the personal names. This was based on exploiting the systematic formalities in how most of the names were presented in the census book. The script looked for abbreviations “дв.” and “д.” and extracted all following capitalized words until section end markers “.”, “;” or “:”. As an output, a name to pogost matrix was produced, which held the raw frequencies of each word in each pogost.

The process of cleaning the name data, in turn, has been done mostly by data wrangling program OpenRefine in following manner: For starters, all name forms shorter than four characters were removed as there were no personal names consisting of three or less letters. Furthermore, nouns that were not names were removed. This meant discarding expressions that described person’s special feature or profession, like such as being a widow (“вдова”) or working as a deacon (“діакъ”). For some reason, editors followed inconsistent conventions in capitalizing these non-name nouns.

In addition, some orthographical and morphological harmonization was done on the data. The letter ы was cut from the end of bynames, where it denotes plurality. Similarity of so called soft and hard signs, ь and ъ caused some problems. As the latter one is not used in contemporary Russian and was not used in the original documents either (Неволин 1853 : 4 (in Appendix 1)) it was removed. The soft sign ь was also removed because it was absent in the original documents and it had been used inconsistently by the editors. The letter ѣ (yat) is rarely used in personal names but nevertheless, it was changed to е (like as it is in contemporary Russian) as since it was often confused with soft and hard signs (ь and ъ). Furthermore, the letter ѳ (fita) was often erroneously recognized as о or е. As it is only found in NPK III and only in the beginning of certain names, which all are also written with “Ф” (e.g. “Ѳедко” vs. “Федко”), it was replaced with Ф.

In the second phase most of the erroneous orthographies were corrected. We do not detail herescribe all the OCR-errors here that were found, but in the following a short description is given of the most significant corrections. There were, for example, many letters whose similarity caused problems for the OCR-program (e.g. и / й and б / в). In these cases, the correct orthography was sought in the census book editions and accordingly, Openrefine was used to change erroneous forms to right correct ones.

After the corrections were made, the number of name types (= name variants) was reduced from 4942 to 2748. The Overall overall number of name tokens was dropped as well: from 36,405 to 35,726. Of the name types, more than half (1484) have only one occurrence.

The refined and harmonized data is published as pogost-by-name frequency tabulations (pogost, equivalent of English parish). The file is in tab-delimited file (.tsv) format.

References:

Неволин, К. А. 1853, О пятинах и погостах новгородских в XVI веке, с приложением карты, Санкт-Петербург (Из Записок Императорского русского географического общества, Кн. VIII).

NPK III = Новгородские писцовые книги, Т. 3 : Переписная оброчная книга Вотской пятины, 1500 года, 1868, 1868, Санкт Петербург.

POKV I, II = Переписная окладная книга по Новугороду Вотьской пятины, 1851, 1852, Имп. Моск. о-во истории и древностей рос., Москва.

The General Household Survey (GHS), ran from 1971-2011 (the UKDS holds data from 1972-2011). It was a continuous annual national survey of people living in private households, conducted by the Office for National Statistics (ONS). The main aim of the survey was to collect data on a range of core topics, covering household, family and individual information. This information was used by government departments and other organisations for planning, policy and monitoring purposes, and to present a picture of households, families and people in Great Britain. In 2008, the GHS became a module of the Integrated Household Survey (IHS). In recognition, the survey was renamed the General Lifestyle Survey (GLF). The GLF closed in January 2012. The 2011 GLF is therefore the last in the series. A limited number of questions previously run on the GLF were subsequently included in the Opinions and Lifestyle Survey (OPN).

Secure Access GHS/GLF
The UKDS holds standard access End User Licence (EUL) data for 1972-2006. A Secure Access version is available, covering the years 2000-2011 - see SN 6716 General Lifestyle Survey, 2000-2011: Secure Access.

History
The GHS was conducted annually until 2011, except for breaks in 1997-1998 when the survey was reviewed, and 1999-2000 when the survey was redeveloped. Further information may be found in the ONS document An overview of 40 years of data (General Lifestyle Survey Overview - a report on the 2011 General Lifestyle Survey) (PDF). Details of changes each year may be found in the individual study documentation.

EU-SILC
In 2005, the European Union (EU) made a legal obligation (EU-SILC) for member states to collect additional statistics on income and living conditions. In addition, the EU-SILC data cover poverty and social exclusion. These statistics are used to help plan and monitor European social policy by comparing poverty indicators and changes over time across the EU. The EU-SILC requirement was integrated into the GHS/GLF in 2005. After the closure of the GLF, EU-SILC was collected via the Family Resources Survey (FRS) until the UK left the EU in 2020.

Reformatted GHS data 1973-1982 - Surrey SPSS Files
SPSS files were created by the University of Surrey for all GHS years from 1973 to 1982 inclusive. The early files were restructured and the case changed from the household to the individual with all of the household information duplicated for each individual. The Surrey SPSS files contain all the original variables as well as some extra derived variables (a few variables were omitted from the data files for 1973-76). In 1973 only, the section on leisure was not included in the Surrey SPSS files. This has subsequently been made available, however, and is now held in a separate study, General Household Survey, 1973: Leisure Questions (SN 3982). Records for the original GHS 1973-1982 ASCII files have been removed from the UK Data Archive catalogue, but the data are still preserved and available upon request.

Abstract

Historical tax assessment data for all U.S. states, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, and Washington, D.C. Each table represents a previous edition of CoreLogic's tax assessment data.

The CoreLogic Smart Data Platform (SDP) Historical Property data was formerly known as the CoreLogic Tax History data. The CoreLogic SDP Historical Property data is an enhanced version of the CoreLogic Tax History data. The CoreLogic SDP Historical Property data contains almost all of the variables that were included in the CoreLogic Tax History data, as well as additional property-level characteristics.

Methodology

In the United States, parcel data is public record information that describes a division of land (also referred to as "property" or "real estate"). Each parcel is given a unique identifier called an Assessor’s Parcel Number or APN. The two principal types of records maintained by county government agencies for each parcel of land are deed and property tax records. When a real estate transaction takes place (e.g. a change in ownership), a property deed must be signed by both the buyer and seller. The deed will then be filed with the County Recorder’s offices, sometimes called the County Clerk-Recorder or other similar title. Property tax records are maintained by County Tax Assessor’s offices; they show the amount of taxes assessed on a parcel and include a detailed description of any structures or buildings on the parcel, including year built, square footages, building type, amenities like a pool, etc. There is not a uniform format for storing parcel data across the thousands of counties and county equivalents in the U.S.; laws and regulations governing real estate/property sales vary by state. Counties and county equivalents also have inconsistent approaches to archiving historical parcel data.

To fill researchers’ needs for uniform parcel data, CoreLogic collects, cleans, and normalizes public records that they collect from U.S. County Assessor and Recorder offices. CoreLogic augments this data with information gathered from other public and non-public sources (e.g., loan issuers, real estate agents, landlords, etc.). The Stanford Libraries has purchased bulk extracts from CoreLogic’s parcel data, including mortgage, owner transfer, pre-foreclosure, and historical and contemporary tax assessment data. Data is bundled into pipe-delimited text files, which are uploaded to Data Farm (Redivis) for preview, extraction and analysis.

For more information about how the data was prepared for Redivis, please see CoreLogic 2024 GitLab.

Usage

Each table contains an archived snapshot of the property data, roughly corresponding to the following assessed years:

• Historical Property 1 = 2022-2023
• Historical Property 2 = 2021-2022
• Historical Property 3 = 2020-2021
• Historical Property 4 = 2019-2020
• Historical Property 5 = 2018-2019
• Historical Property 6 = 2017-2018
• Historical Property 7 = 2016-2017
• Historical Property 8 = 2015-2016
• Historical Property 9 = 2014-2015
• Historical Property 10 = 2013-2014
• Historical Property 11 = 2012-2013
• Historical Property 12 = 2011-2012
• Historical Property 13 = 2010-2011
• Historical Property 14 = 2009-2010
• Historical Property 15 = 2008-2009

%3C!-- --%3E

Users can check theASSESSED_YEAR variable to confirm the year of assessment.

Roughly speaking, the tables use the following census geographies:

• 2020 Census Tract: Historical Property 1-2
• 2010 Census Tract: Historical Property 3 – 12
• 2000 Census Tract: Historical Property 13 – 15

%3C!-- --%3E

The Property, Mortgage, Owner Transfer, Historical Property and Pre-Foreclosure data can be linked on the CLIP, a unique identification number assigned to each property.

For more information about included variables, please see **core_logic_sdp_historical_property_data_dictionary_2024.txt **and Historical Property_v3.xlsx.

Under Supporting files, users can also find record counts per FIPS code for each edition of the Historical Property data.

For more information about how the CoreLogic Smart Data Platform: Historical Property data compares to legacy data, please see core_logic_legacy_content_mapping.pdf.

Bulk Data Access

Data access is required to view this section.

Analysis of ‘US non-voters poll data’ provided by Analyst-2 (analyst-2.ai), based on source dataset retrieved from https://www.kaggle.com/yamqwe/us-non-voters-poll-datae on 28 January 2022.

--- Dataset description provided by original source is as follows ---

About this dataset

This dataset contains the data behind Why Many Americans Don't Vote.

Data presented here comes from polling done by Ipsos for FiveThirtyEight, using Ipsos’s KnowledgePanel, a probability-based online panel that is recruited to be representative of the U.S. population. The poll was conducted from Sept. 15 to Sept. 25 among a sample of U.S. citizens that oversampled young, Black and Hispanic respondents, with 8,327 respondents, and was weighted according to general population benchmarks for U.S. citizens from the U.S. Census Bureau’s Current Population Survey March 2019 Supplement. The voter file company Aristotle then matched respondents to a voter file to more accurately understand their voting history using the panelist’s first name, last name, zip code, and eight characters of their address, using the National Change of Address program if applicable. Sixty-four percent of the sample (5,355 respondents) matched, although we also included respondents who did not match the voter file but described themselves as voting “rarely” or “never” in our survey, so as to avoid underrepresenting nonvoters, who are less likely to be included in the voter file to begin with. We dropped respondents who were only eligible to vote in three elections or fewer. We defined those who almost always vote as those who voted in all (or all but one) of the national elections (presidential and midterm) they were eligible to vote in since 2000; those who vote sometimes as those who voted in at least two elections, but fewer than all the elections they were eligible to vote in (or all but one); and those who rarely or never vote as those who voted in no elections, or just one.

The data included here is the final sample we used: 5,239 respondents who matched to the voter file and whose verified vote history we have, and 597 respondents who did not match to the voter file and described themselves as voting "rarely" or "never," all of whom have been eligible for at least 4 elections.

If you find this information useful, please let us know.

License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

Source: https://github.com/fivethirtyeight/data/tree/master/non-voters

This dataset was created by data.world's Admin and contains around 6000 samples along with Race, Q27 6, technical information and other features such as: - Q4 6 - Q8 3 - and more.

How to use this dataset

• Analyze Q10 3 in relation to Q8 6
• Study the influence of Q6 on Q10 4
• More datasets

Acknowledgements

If you use this dataset in your research, please credit data.world's Admin

Start A New Notebook!

--- Original source retains full ownership of the source dataset ---

Belize administrative level 0 (country) age and sex disaggregated population statistics Belize administrative level 1 (district) age and sex disaggregated population statistics Belize administrative level 2 (local government) sex disaggregated population statistics

The administrative level 0 and 1 tables are suitable for database and GIS linkage to the Belize administrative level 0 (nation) and 1 (district) boundaries

Data extracted from the Belize Population and Housing Census Country Report 2010, Statistical Institute of Belize.

Version history: 22 July 2019 Initial upload

Abstract

This dataset is derived from GA TOPO 250K Series 3 features clipped to the BA_SYD and environs extent for the purpose of providing geographic context in BA_SYD report map images. The source datasets are identified in the Lineage field in this metadata statement. The processes undertaken to produce this derived dataset are described in the History field in this metadata statement.

Selected features currently include:

Lakes

PlaceNames*

PopulatedPlaces

Railways

Roads

WatercourseLines

additional features may be included as required (relevant feature classes asterisked).

Currently the only addition has been to PlaceNames with the addition of Census Spring (see Lineage).

Purpose

providing geographic context in BA_SYD report map images.

Dataset History

A rectangular mask polygon feature was manually drawn around the BA_SYD (ie NSB+SSB) boundary extending approximately 100km beyond the BA_SYD extent. This mask is included in the dataset (SYD_clip).

Selected features from the national GEODATA TOPO 250K series 3 were overlaid with the mask and intersecting features extracted.

Extracted feature classes have the same names as the source features.

The additional feature of "Census Spring" was added to place names. It's approximate location was sourced from

Fig 4, p172 of the document :

Duralie Coal (2013) Duralie Coal Mine - Water Management Plan (Document No. WAMP-R02-D) Appendix 3 - Groundwater Management Plan . September 2013 Document No. GWMP-R02-C (00519574) . Fig4 pp13

http://www.gloucestercoal.com.au/documents/community_environment/duralie/Duralie_Coal_Mine_Water_Management_Plan.pdf

Dataset Citation

Bioregional Assessment Programme (2014) BA SYD selected GA TOPO 250K data plus added map features. Bioregional Assessment Derived Dataset. Viewed 13 March 2019, http://data.bioregionalassessments.gov.au/dataset/ba5feac2-b35a-4611-82da-5b6213777069.

Dataset Ancestors

• Derived From GEODATA TOPO 250K Series 3

The world's population first reached one billion people in 1805, and reached eight billion in 2022, and will peak at almost 10.2 billion by the end of the century. Although it took thousands of years to reach one billion people, it did so at the beginning of a phenomenon known as the demographic transition; from this point onwards, population growth has skyrocketed, and since the 1960s the population has increased by one billion people every 12 to 15 years. The demographic transition sees a sharp drop in mortality due to factors such as vaccination, sanitation, and improved food supply; the population boom that follows is due to increased survival rates among children and higher life expectancy among the general population; and fertility then drops in response to this population growth. Regional differences The demographic transition is a global phenomenon, but it has taken place at different times across the world. The industrialized countries of Europe and North America were the first to go through this process, followed by some states in the Western Pacific. Latin America's population then began growing at the turn of the 20th century, but the most significant period of global population growth occurred as Asia progressed in the late-1900s. As of the early 21st century, almost two-thirds of the world's population lives in Asia, although this is set to change significantly in the coming decades. Future growth The growth of Africa's population, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, will have the largest impact on global demographics in this century. From 2000 to 2100, it is expected that Africa's population will have increased by a factor of almost five. It overtook Europe in size in the late 1990s, and overtook the Americas a few years later. In contrast to Africa, Europe's population is now in decline, as birth rates are consistently below death rates in many countries, especially in the south and east, resulting in natural population decline. Similarly, the population of the Americas and Asia are expected to go into decline in the second half of this century, and only Oceania's population will still be growing alongside Africa. By 2100, the world's population will have over three billion more than today, with the vast majority of this concentrated in Africa. Demographers predict that climate change is exacerbating many of the challenges that currently hinder progress in Africa, such as political and food instability; if Africa's transition is prolonged, then it may result in further population growth that would place a strain on the region's resources, however, curbing this growth earlier would alleviate some of the pressure created by climate change.

As of July 2024, Nigeria's population was estimated at around 229.5 million. Between 1965 and 2024, the number of people living in Nigeria increased at an average rate of over two percent. In 2024, the population grew by 2.42 percent compared to the previous year. Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa. By extension, the African continent records the highest growth rate in the world. Africa's most populous country Nigeria was the most populous country in Africa as of 2023. As of 2022, Lagos held the distinction of being Nigeria's biggest urban center, a status it also retained as the largest city across all of sub-Saharan Africa. The city boasted an excess of 17.5 million residents. Notably, Lagos assumed the pivotal roles of the nation's primary financial hub, cultural epicenter, and educational nucleus. Furthermore, Lagos was one of the largest urban agglomerations in the world. Nigeria's youthful population In Nigeria, a significant 50 percent of the populace is under the age of 19. The most prominent age bracket is constituted by those up to four years old: comprising 8.3 percent of men and eight percent of women as of 2021. Nigeria boasts one of the world's most youthful populations. On a broader scale, both within Africa and internationally, Niger maintains the lowest median age record. Nigeria secures the 20th position in global rankings. Furthermore, the life expectancy in Nigeria is an average of 62 years old. However, this is different between men and women. The main causes of death have been neonatal disorders, malaria, and diarrheal diseases.

In 2022, about 37.7 percent of the U.S. population who were aged 25 and above had graduated from college or another higher education institution, a slight decline from 37.9 the previous year. However, this is a significant increase from 1960, when only 7.7 percent of the U.S. population had graduated from college. Demographics Educational attainment varies by gender, location, race, and age throughout the United States. Asian-American and Pacific Islanders had the highest level of education, on average, while Massachusetts and the District of Colombia are areas home to the highest rates of residents with a bachelor’s degree or higher. However, education levels are correlated with wealth. While public education is free up until the 12th grade, the cost of university is out of reach for many Americans, making social mobility increasingly difficult. Earnings White Americans with a professional degree earned the most money on average, compared to other educational levels and races. However, regardless of educational attainment, males typically earned far more on average compared to females. Despite the decreasing wage gap over the years in the country, it remains an issue to this day. Not only is there a large wage gap between males and females, but there is also a large income gap linked to race as well.

In 1800, the population of the region that makes up today's Republic of Uganda was just over two million people. Throughout the 19th century, the population of Uganda would see only modest growth, as increased exposure to the outside world would lead to a series of epidemics afflicting the population, including a devastating outbreak of rinderpest in 1891 killing off much of the region’s cattle, and several outbreaks of smallpox. Uganda’s population would begin to grow more rapidly in the years following the First World War, in part the result of economic growth from wartime agricultural production (unlike neighboring Tanzania, Uganda was spared much of the conflict in East Africa, and as a result saw a significant expansion of cash crop production).

The population of Uganda would continue to grow throughout the remainder of the 20th century, particularly so following the country’s independence from the British Empire in 1962. However, this growth would slow through the 1970s under Idi Amin’s Second Republic of Uganda, which saw real wage and salaries decrease by 90% in less than a decade, and mass expulsions and terror campaigns resulting in a significant number of deaths and refugees throughout the country. Following Idi Amin’s ousting from power in the 1979 Ugandan-Tanzanian War, Uganda’s population has continued to rise exponentially, and in 2020, Uganda is estimated to have a population of approximately 45.7 million.