This data package includes the underlying data to replicate the charts, tables, and calculations presented in The US Revenue Implications of President Trump’s 2025 Tariffs, PIIE Briefing 25-2.

If you use the data, please cite as:

McKibbin, Warwick, and Geoffrey Shuetrim. 2025. The US Revenue Implications of President Trump’s 2025 Tariffs. PIIE Briefing 25-2. Washington: Peterson Institute for International Economics.

At **** U.S. dollars, Switzerland has the most expensive Big Macs in the world, according to the January 2025 Big Mac index. Concurrently, the cost of a Big Mac was **** dollars in the U.S., and **** U.S. dollars in the Euro area. What is the Big Mac index? The Big Mac index, published by The Economist, is a novel way of measuring whether the market exchange rates for different countries’ currencies are overvalued or undervalued. It does this by measuring each currency against a common standard – the Big Mac hamburger sold by McDonald’s restaurants all over the world. Twice a year the Economist converts the average national price of a Big Mac into U.S. dollars using the exchange rate at that point in time. As a Big Mac is a completely standardized product across the world, the argument goes that it should have the same relative cost in every country. Differences in the cost of a Big Mac expressed as U.S. dollars therefore reflect differences in the purchasing power of each currency. Is the Big Mac index a good measure of purchasing power parity? Purchasing power parity (PPP) is the idea that items should cost the same in different countries, based on the exchange rate at that time. This relationship does not hold in practice. Factors like tax rates, wage regulations, whether components need to be imported, and the level of market competition all contribute to price variations between countries. The Big Mac index does measure this basic point – that one U.S. dollar can buy more in some countries than others. There are more accurate ways to measure differences in PPP though, which convert a larger range of products into their dollar price. Adjusting for PPP can have a massive effect on how we understand a country’s economy. The country with the largest GDP adjusted for PPP is China, but when looking at the unadjusted GDP of different countries, the U.S. has the largest economy.

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the United States contracted 0.50 percent in the first quarter of 2025 over the previous quarter. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - United States GDP Growth Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

The Behavioral Economics market plays a pivotal role in understanding how psychological factors influence economic decision-making, shaping both consumer behavior and business strategies. This interdisciplinary field merges insights from psychology and economics to analyze the behavioral patterns of individuals and

Title:
The Invisible Art Market: Informal Networks, Symbolic Capital, and Market Activity in Latin America

DOI:
10.5281/zenodo.15383517

Creators:
Brown, Scott (University of Puerto Rico – Río Piedras, Professor of Finance)

Description:
This dataset supports the empirical analysis presented in “The Invisible Art Market: Informal Networks, Symbolic Capital, and Market Activity in Latin America.” The study investigates how weak institutional frameworks, symbolic capital, and informal networks shape national art market development, with a special focus on BRIC countries and Latin America.

The dataset integrates four key sources:

• Art Sales Data (2021–2024) across Brazil, Russia, India, and China (BRIC) compiled from Artprice and Art Basel reports.

• Macroeconomic indicators from the World Bank’s GDP data.

• Institutional quality metrics using the International Property Rights Index (IPRI) and V-Dem rule of law variables.

A regression analysis (replicable via the art_market_brics.py Python script) demonstrates that stronger property rights (IPRI) and higher GDP are statistically associated with increased national art sales, even in non-Western economies. The data and code comply with FAIR principles and are structured for open replication and policy use.

Files included:

• art_market_brics.py (Python code to replicate regression models)

• BRIC_Art_Sales_2021_2024.csv (manually extracted and cleaned auction turnover data)

• GDP.csv (World Bank GDP data 2021–2024)

• IPRI_Country_Tables_Manual.xlsx (Institutional property rights index data, 2024)

• vdem_variables_filtered_1996_onward.xlsx (Governance data on Rule of Law from V-Dem)

Keywords:
art market, cultural economics, symbolic capital, institutional economics, BRIC countries, Latin America, intellectual property rights, informal economy, governance, development policy, Hernando de Soto

Subjects:

• Economics and Econometrics

• Cultural Studies

• Development Studies

• Public Policy

• Law and Society

License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Language:
English

Version:
1.0

Publication Date:
2025-05-13

Publisher:
Zenodo

Funding:
None (institutionally unfunded, conducted at a public university under resource constraints)

Related Works:
This dataset underpins the paper:
Brown, S. M. (2025). The Invisible Art Market: Symbolic Capital, Informal Institutions, and Development Constraints in Latin America [Manuscript in preparation].

The global Health Economics and Outcomes Research (HEOR) Services market was valued at USD 8.38 billion in 2025 and is projected to grow at a CAGR of 7.4% from 2025 to 2033. The growth of the market is attributed to factors such as the increasing need for cost-effectiveness analysis in healthcare, the rising prevalence of chronic diseases, and the growing demand for real-world evidence. The market is segmented by type, application, and region. By type, the economic modelling/evaluation segment held the largest market share in 2025. By application, the healthcare providers segment is expected to grow at the highest CAGR during the forecast period. Geographically, North America accounted for the largest market share in 2025, followed by Europe and Asia Pacific. Key players in the HEOR Services market include Axtria, Avalon Health Economics, ICON plc, IQVIA Inc., McKesson Corporation, Medlior Health Outcomes Research Ltd., Syneos Health, PHARMALEX GMBH, Optum, Inc., Analysis Group, Kantar Group, IBM, Health Economics and Outcomes Research Ltd, AbbVie. These companies offer a range of HEOR services, including economic modelling, real-world data analysis, and clinical outcome research. They also provide consulting services to help healthcare organizations develop and implement HEOR programs. The competitive landscape of the HEOR Services market is characterized by a mix of large, established players and smaller, niche providers. The market is expected to remain competitive over the forecast period, with new entrants and innovative technologies emerging. This comprehensive report provides a detailed analysis of the Health Economics and Outcomes Research (HEOR) services market, offering insights into its concentration, product insights, market segmentation, regional trends, key drivers, challenges, and emerging opportunities.

Replication files for "Entrepreneurial Spillovers Across Coworkers" by Melanie Wallskog, published in the Journal of Financial Economics. Includes code to create pseudo (fake) data to test the data build and analysis code. Please note that the pseudo data does not reflect anything about the actual data used in the project (beyond variable names), and consequently the code does not produce the actual values in the tables and figures in the paper.

A dataset that explores Green Card sponsorship trends, salary data, and employer insights for economics analysis and management of securities market in the U.S.

United States - Longer Run FOMC Summary of Economic Projections for the Personal Consumption Expenditures Inflation Rate, Range, Low was 2.00000 Fourth Qtr. to Fourth Qtr. % Chg. in March of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Longer Run FOMC Summary of Economic Projections for the Personal Consumption Expenditures Inflation Rate, Range, Low reached a record high of 2.00000 in January of 2012 and a record low of 1.50000 in May of 2009. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Longer Run FOMC Summary of Economic Projections for the Personal Consumption Expenditures Inflation Rate, Range, Low - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on June of 2025.

This dataset contains the textual data of Federal Reserve Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meeting statements and minutes. Its purpose is to provide a historical archive of communications from the US central bank, offering valuable context and insights into monetary policy decisions and economic outlooks over time. The dataset is regularly updated, ensuring access to the latest official communications.

Columns

• Date: This column specifies the date of the actual FOMC meeting.
• Release Date: This indicates when the statement or minutes were officially released to the public. It is important to note that minutes are typically released with approximately a three-week lag from the meeting date.
• Type: This column categorises the communication, distinguishing between a formal 'statement' and the more detailed 'minutes' of the meeting.
• Text: This contains the full textual content of each communication release, whether it is a statement or minutes.

Distribution

The dataset is typically provided in a CSV (Comma Separated Values) format. It includes communications from 2 February 2000 to 18 June 2025. The file is updated on a weekly basis with new data sourced directly from the Federal Reserve website. Based on available information, there are approximately 420 records within the specified date range. The dataset comprises roughly 52% minutes and 48% statements.

Usage

This dataset is ideal for various applications and use cases, particularly within finance, banking, and economics. It can be used for: * Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, such as sentiment analysis or topic modelling on central bank communications. * Economic research to analyse policy shifts, communication strategies, and their impact on financial markets. * Financial modelling and forecasting, by integrating insights from official monetary policy communications. * Academic studies on central banking, macroeconomic policy, and financial history.

Coverage

The dataset covers the period from 2 February 2000 to 18 June 2025, providing an extensive historical record of FOMC communications. While the content focuses on US monetary policy, which is inherently US-centric, the dataset's availability is global, making it accessible to users worldwide. There are no specific notes on data availability for certain demographic groups or years, as the data represents official public releases.

License

CC0

Who Can Use It

This dataset is designed for a wide range of users, including: * Financial analysts and economists seeking to understand and forecast monetary policy decisions. * Data scientists and machine learning engineers developing NLP models for financial text. * Academic researchers in economics, finance, and political science studying central bank behaviour and communication. * Government policy advisors interested in historical policy decisions and their effects. * Journalists and media professionals reporting on economic and financial news.

Dataset Name Suggestions

• Federal Reserve FOMC Communications Archive
• US Monetary Policy Statements and Minutes
• Central Bank Economic Communications
• FOMC Historical Document Collection

Attributes

Original Data Source: FOMC Meeting Statements & Minutes

The global pet economy is a thriving industry, with a market size of XXX million in 2025 and a projected CAGR of XX% over the forecast period (2025-2033). This growth is primarily driven by factors such as rising pet ownership, increasing disposable incomes, and growing awareness of pet health and well-being. The pet food segment holds a dominant share in the market, followed by pet toys and furniture. Pet health products are also gaining traction, driven by increasing veterinary care spending and the availability of advanced healthcare options. Key trends shaping the pet market include the rise of e-commerce, the growing adoption of premium and natural products, and the increasing demand for pet-friendly services and experiences. Consumers are increasingly embracing online platforms to purchase pet supplies and accessories, while also seeking out high-quality products that align with their sustainability and ethical values. The growing popularity of pet grooming, training, and boarding services indicates the evolving nature of the pet ownership experience, with pet owners seeking to provide comprehensive care and enrichment for their furry companions.

The data shared includes the full economic analysis and simulation results (10,000 scenarios) evaluating biochar profitability for private landowners, detailing costs, revenues, and profitability sensitivities based on federal incentives and carbon market payments.

Journal of Finance Impact Factor 2024-2025 - ResearchHelpDesk - The Journal of Finance publishes leading research across all the major fields of financial research. It is the most widely cited academic journal on finance. Each issue of the journal reaches over 8,000 academics, finance professionals, libraries, government, and financial institutions around the world. Published six times a year, the journal is the official publication of The American Finance Association, the premier academic organization devoted to the study and promotion of knowledge about financial economics. Aims and Scope The Journal of Finance publishes leading research across all the major fields of financial research. It is one of the most widely cited academic journals on finance and one of the most widely cited journals in all of economics as well. Each issue of the journal reaches over 8,000 academics, finance professionals, libraries, government, and financial institutions around the world. Published six times a year, the journal is the official publication of The American Finance Association, the premier academic organization devoted to the study and promotion of knowledge about financial economics. Keywords finance, journal, American, association, AFA, financial, economics, theory, markets, international, exchange, derivatives, trading, structures, journal, article, periodical, analysis, research, modeling, macroeconomics, policy Society Information The American Finance Association (AFA) is the premier academic organization devoted to the study and promotion of knowledge about financial economics. The purpose of the Association is to provide for the mutual association of persons with an interest in finance to improve public understanding of financial problems, and to provide for the exchange of financial ideas through the distribution of a periodical and other media; to encourage the study of finance in colleges and universities; to conduct such other activities as may be appropriate for a non-profit, professional society in the field of finance. The AFA was planned at a meeting in December 1939 in Philadelphia. The Journal of Finance was first published in August 1946 when dues were $3 a year. Association membership has grown steadily over time. Today the AFA has over 8,000 members and dues are $40 a year. The AFA sponsors an annual meeting each January where the President speaks on a chosen topic and papers which cover the gamut of financial topics are presented. The current President of the Association is René Stulz of Ohio State University. David Pyle of the University of California, Berkeley serves as Executive Secretary and Treasurer. The Association has a board that rotates over time and assists in key decisions. Abstracting and Indexing Information ABI/INFORM Collection (ProQuest) Accounting, Tax & Banking Collection (ProQuest) Business Abstracts (EBSCO Publishing) Business ASAP (GALE Cengage) Business Premium Collection (ProQuest) CatchWord (Publishing Technology) Current Contents: Social & Behavioral Sciences (Clarivate Analytics) Current Index to Statistics (ASA/IMS) EBSCO Online (EBSCO Publishing) EconLit (AEA) Emerald Management Reviews (Emerald) InfoTrac (GALE Cengage) Journal Citation Reports/Social Science Edition (Clarivate Analytics) OmniFile Full Text Mega Edition (HW Wilson) Periodical Index Online (ProQuest) Proquest Business Collection (ProQuest) ProQuest Central (ProQuest) ProQuest Central K-321 ProQuest Politics Collection (ProQuest) ProQuest Sociology Collection (ProQuest) RePEc: Research Papers in Economics Research Library (ProQuest) Research Library Prep (ProQuest) Social Science Premium Collection (ProQuest) Social Sciences Citation Index (Clarivate Analytics) Journal of Finance Additional details - Scimago Country: United Kingdom H Index: 264 Subject Area and Category: Business, Management, and Accounting, Accounting, Economics, Econometrics and Finance, Economics and Econometrics, Finance Publication Type: Journals Coverage: 1946-ongoing

Journal of agricultural economics Impact Factor 2024-2025 - ResearchHelpDesk - Journal of Agricultural Economics is a leading international professional journal, providing a forum for research into agricultural economics and related disciplines such as statistics, marketing, business management, politics, history and sociology, and their application to issues in the agricultural, food, and related industries; rural communities, and the environment. A leading journal for the discipline worldwide - consistently highly ranked in the Agricultural Economics & Policy category of ISI A dynamic, international, applied social science journal dealing with agriculture, food and related industries, rural development and the environment Articles on developments in research and methods of analysis as well as the application of existing methods and techniques to new problems and situations Aims and Scope Published on behalf of the Agricultural Economics Society, the Journal of Agricultural Economics is a leading international professional journal, providing a forum for research into agricultural economics and related disciplines such as statistics, marketing, business management, politics, history and sociology, and their application to issues in the agricultural, food, and related industries; rural communities, and the environment. Each issue of the JAE contains articles, notes and book reviews as well as information relating to the Agricultural Economics Society. Published 3 times a year, it is received by members and institutional subscribers in 69 countries. With contributions from leading international scholars, the JAE is a leading citation for agricultural economics and policy. Published articles either deal with new developments in research and methods of analysis, or apply existing methods and techniques to new problems and situations which are of general interest to the Journal’s international readership. Journal of Agricultural Economics - Keywords Agricultural economics, agriculture, resource economics, technical efficiency, consumer behaviour, contingent valuation, stated preference, willingness to pay, choice experiments, revealed preference, switching regression. Abstracting & Indexing Details Academic Search (EBSCO Publishing) Academic Search Alumni Edition (EBSCO Publishing) Academic Search Premier (EBSCO Publishing) AgBiotech News & Information (CABI) AgeLine Database (EBSCO Publishing) AGRICOLA Database (National Agricultural Library) Agricultural & Environmental Science Database (ProQuest) Agricultural Engineering Abstracts (CABI) Animal Breeding Abstracts (CABI) AgBiotechNet (CABI) Biofuels Abstracts (CABI) Biological & Agricultural Index Plus (EBSCO Publishing) CAB Abstracts® (CABI) Current Contents: Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences (Clarivate Analytics) Current Contents: Social & Behavioral Sciences (Clarivate Analytics) Dairy Science Abstracts (CABI) EconLit (AEA) Field Crop Abstracts (CABI) GeoRef (AGI) Global Health (CABI) Grasslands & Forage Abstracts (CABI) Horticultural Science Abstracts (CABI) Irrigation & Drainage Abstracts (CABI) Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition (Clarivate Analytics) Journal Citation Reports/Social Science Edition (Clarivate Analytics) Maize Abstracts (CABI) Natural Science Collection (ProQuest) Nutrition Abstracts & Reviews Series A: Human & Experimental (CABI) Nutrition Abstracts & Reviews Series B: Livestock Feeds & Feeding (CABI) Ornamental Horticulture (CABI) Periodical Index Online (ProQuest) Postharvest News & Information (CABI) Pig News & Information (CABI) Plant Breeding Abstracts (CABI) ProQuest Politics Collection (ProQuest) Plant Genetic Resources Abstracts (CABI) GEOBASE (Elsevier) Poultry Abstracts (CABI) Proquest Business Collection (ProQuest) ProQuest Sociology Collection (ProQuest) RePEc: Research Papers in Economics Review of Agricultural Entomology (CABI) Review of Medical & Veterinary Entomology (CABI) Rice Abstracts (CABI) Rural Development Abstracts (CABI) Science Citation Index (Clarivate Analytics) Science Citation Index Expanded (Clarivate Analytics) SCOPUS (Elsevier) Seed Abstracts (CABI) Tropical Diseases Bulletin (CABI) Social Science Premium Collection (ProQuest) Social Sciences Citation Index (Clarivate Analytics) Soils & Fertilizers Abstracts (CABI) SciTech Premium Collection (ProQuest) Soybean Abstracts Online (CABI) Sugar Industry Abstracts (CABI) Veterinary Bulletin (CABI) VINITI (All-Russian Institute of Science & Technological Information) Viticulture & Enology Abstracts (Vitis) Wheat, Barley & Triticale Abstracts (CABI) World Agricultural Economics & Rural Sociology Abstracts (CABI)

The so-called Big Mac index is regarded as an indicator for the purchasing power of an economy. The average price for a Big Mac burger in Uruguay was estimated at **** U.S. dollars in January 2025. In comparison to the value registered a year earlier, this represents a considerable increase. In Latin America, Uruguay had the highest price for a Big Mac in 2024. Big Mac IndexThe Bic Mac index has been published annually by The Economist since 1986 and is rated as a simplified indicator of a country’s individual purchasing power. As many countries have different currencies, the standardized Big Mac prices are calculated by converting the average national Big Mac prices with the latest exchange rate to U.S. dollars.The Big Mac, as the top-selling McDonald’s burger, is used for comparison because it is available in almost every country and manufactured in a standardized size, composition and quality. McDonald’s is a worldwide operating fast food restaurant chain with headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois. In Latin America, McDonald's largest franchisee is Arcos Dorados Holdings, with headquarters in Montevideo, Uruguay.

The Health Economics and Outcomes Research (HEOR) services market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing demand for evidence-based healthcare decision-making and the rising adoption of value-based care models. The market, estimated at $15 billion in 2025, is projected to expand at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 7% from 2025 to 2033, reaching approximately $25 billion by 2033. This growth is fueled by several key factors. Pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies are increasingly investing in HEOR to demonstrate the clinical and economic value of their products, securing market access and reimbursement. Furthermore, regulatory bodies globally are emphasizing the need for robust HEOR evidence in drug approvals and healthcare policy decisions. The rise of real-world data (RWD) and advanced analytical techniques further enhances the capabilities of HEOR, leading to more comprehensive and insightful studies. Market segmentation reveals significant opportunities within specialized therapeutic areas like oncology and rare diseases, where HEOR plays a crucial role in justifying high-cost treatments. Major players like IQVIA, PAREXEL, and Syneos Health dominate the market, leveraging their extensive expertise and global reach. However, the market also presents opportunities for smaller specialized firms offering niche services or focusing on specific therapeutic areas. The competitive landscape is characterized by strategic partnerships, acquisitions, and investments in technological advancements. While challenges exist, such as data privacy concerns and the complexity of regulatory requirements, the overall market outlook remains positive, indicating a substantial growth trajectory over the forecast period. The increasing focus on patient-centric outcomes and the integration of digital health technologies are expected to further shape the future of the HEOR services market.

Consumer Spending in the United States increased to 16291.80 USD Billion in the first quarter of 2025 from 16273.20 USD Billion in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - United States Consumer Spending - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

The HEOR (Health Economics and Outcomes Research) services market is experiencing robust growth, driven by the increasing demand for evidence-based healthcare decision-making and the rising adoption of value-based healthcare models. The market, currently valued at approximately $XX million in 2025 (based on the provided CAGR of 11.20% and extrapolated from an unspecified 2019-2024 historical period), is projected to expand significantly over the forecast period (2025-2033). Key growth drivers include the rising prevalence of chronic diseases necessitating rigorous cost-effectiveness analysis, stringent regulatory requirements for drug approvals emphasizing real-world evidence, and the increasing focus on patient-centric outcomes. The market is segmented by service type (economic modeling/evaluation, real-world data analysis, clinical outcome assessment, market access solutions and reimbursement) and service provider (consultancies, CROs). Major players, including Cardinal Health, McKesson Corporation, Axtria Inc., and others, are actively investing in advanced analytics and technology to enhance their service offerings and cater to the growing demand. The North American market currently holds a significant share, driven by advanced healthcare infrastructure and regulatory frameworks; however, the Asia Pacific region is expected to witness rapid growth due to increasing healthcare expenditure and a burgeoning pharmaceutical industry. The market's growth is further propelled by the increasing adoption of advanced analytical techniques like machine learning and artificial intelligence in analyzing large real-world datasets. This enables more accurate and efficient assessments of treatment efficacy and cost-effectiveness. However, challenges such as data privacy concerns, the complexity of integrating diverse data sources, and the need for skilled professionals to interpret and present complex findings present potential restraints to the market's growth. Nonetheless, the growing emphasis on personalized medicine and the need to demonstrate the value of novel therapies are expected to sustain the positive growth trajectory of the HEOR services market throughout the forecast period, leading to an anticipated market value significantly exceeding the 2025 figure by 2033. Recent developments include: In April 2022, Excelra strategically invested in Anlitiks, a young and rapidly growing technology company in the value and evidence domain. The investment reinforces Excelra's push into the Health Economics and Outcomes Research (HEOR) and Real-World Evidence (RWE) analytics area., In March 2022, Fishawack Health (FH), a leading commercialization partner for biopharmaceutical, medical technology, and wellness companies, acquired the US-based health economics and outcomes research (HEOR) consultancy Policy Analysis Inc. (PAI) as part of its expanding Value, Evidence, and Access (VEA) capability.. Key drivers for this market are: Increasing R&D Expenditure by Government and Market Players, Increasing adaption of HEOR Services by Biotech and Pharma Companies; Growing Demand for Real-World Evidence and Outcome Data for Reimbursement; Growing Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Companies coupled with Upsurge of New Drugs and Increasing Clinical Trials. Potential restraints include: Increasing R&D Expenditure by Government and Market Players, Increasing adaption of HEOR Services by Biotech and Pharma Companies; Growing Demand for Real-World Evidence and Outcome Data for Reimbursement; Growing Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Companies coupled with Upsurge of New Drugs and Increasing Clinical Trials. Notable trends are: Consultancy by Service Provider Segment is Expected to Dominate the Market Over the Forecast Period.

Inflation Rate in the United States increased to 2.40 percent in May from 2.30 percent in April of 2025. This dataset provides - United States Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The United States recorded a trade deficit of 71.52 USD Billion in May of 2025. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - United States Balance of Trade - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.