The Time Zones dataset was compiled on October 04, 2019 and was updated January 05, 2023 from the Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) and is part of the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT)/Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) National Transportation Atlas Database (NTAD). This layer is a digital representation of the geographic boundaries of the nine time zones that cover the United States and its territories (the Atlantic, Eastern, Central, Mountain, Pacific, Alaska, Hawaii–Aleutian, Samoa, and Chamorro time zones). The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) oversees the Nation's time zones and the uniform observance of Daylight-Saving Time. The oversight of time zones was assigned to DOT due to the importance of time coordination for transportation related activities. The time zones were established by the Standard Time Act of 1918 and amended by the Uniform Time Act of 1966. Time zones in the U.S. are defined in the U.S. Code, Title 15, Chapter 6, Subchapter IX - Standard Time. The time zone boundaries are defined in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Title 49, Subtitle A, Part 71 - Standard Time Zone Boundaries. Segments used to compile the geospatial layer were derived from the CFR’s time zone descriptions (https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-A/part-71). Descriptions consist of segments referencing administrative boundaries, infrastructure, natural features, and geodesic lines. These segments are contained in various data layers in the National Geospatial Data Asset (NGDA) portfolio, the federal government’s authoritative geospatial data repository. Referenced segments were extracted from their NGDA and then merged to form continuous boundaries. In instances where there were multiple scales for a given dataset, the largest scale or most detailed layer was used. The standard time of the Atlantic zone is the Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) minus 4 hours; Eastern zone is UTC minus 5 hours; Central zone is UTC minus 6 hours; Mountain zone is UTC minus 7 hours; Pacific zone is UTC minus 8 hours; Alaska zone is UTC minus 9 hours; Hawaii–Aleutian zone is UTC minus 10 hours; Samoa zone is UTC minus 11 hours; and Chamorro zone is UTC plus 10 hours. For more information, please visit: https://doi.org/10.21949/1519143.

In the late 19th century and into the early 20th century, the world globalized. New technology and more accessible transportation, such as trains, allowed people, ideas, and goods to travel faster and more easily around the world. Time standardization was greatly needed in a world becoming increasingly interconnected.For example, in the United States, the railroad system faced big problems by the late 1800s. Each town and city went by their own time, which was usually regulated by a clock in the town center. Many towns used natural time markers, so whenever they saw the sun highest in the sky, was “high noon.” This caused confusion and some collisions among trains, as different communities were not following the same local time.To prevent further damage, Canadian railway engineer Sir Sandford Fleming devised a globally standardized time system. He proposed to regulate time by dividing the earth into 24 one-hour time zones utilizing longitude lines, each 15 degrees apart. Longitude lines mark the distance east or west of the prime meridian. Fleming’s recommendations led to an international conference held in 1884 to select a common prime meridian, otherwise known as zero degrees longitude, on which to base time zones. Previously, different countries had different prime meridians. However, at the conference, the committee decided that the world should identify an official meridian, and they chose the Greenwich meridian. Although much has changed since the conference in 1884, Fleming’s design has stayed intact, with variations based on political and geographic decisions. For example, China, a very large country, only uses one time zone, while many places in the Middle East use half-hour time zones. This map layer shows the 24 time zones commonly used in the Greenwich Mean Time model. The hours added or subtracted from the time in Greenwich are marked on the map. For example, if it is 1:00 p.m. in London, England, United Kingdom, it is 6:30 pm in New Delhi, Delhi, India (+5.50), and 5:00 a.m. in Los Angeles, California, United States (-8.00). Use this layer to see how time is regulated around the world.

This layer delineates the four (4) management zones that exist within Glacier National Park, Montana. Management zoning is intended to spatially guide appropriate park management activities. The four zones are:Visitor Services Zone – developed zones, paved roads, and utility corridors.Rustic Zone – unpaved and preserved “back in time” areas with historical context (e.g. 1913 Ranger Station)Day Use Zone – destination oriented trails (e.g. Highline Trail)Backcountry Zone – backcountry areas not included in the other three management zonesManagement zones for Glacier National Park were described conceptually in the park's 1999 General Management Plan (GMP). Over time, and through other planning processes, zones have been more clearly defined on the ground beginning with the Visitor Service Zone definition as part of the 2004 Commercial Services Plan. Zone boundaries have been modified as new and better information has become available. Utility information (electric and gas lines), for example, that was lacking in 2004 and became available in 2012 and 2013 allowed for mapping new areas into the Visitor Service Zone.Definition of all zones other than the Backcountry Zone involved buffers from paved/unpaved road centerlines, utility lines or points, trail centerlines, or developed area footprints. A brief description of how each zone was delineated follows:The Visitor Service Zone was last revised in May 2013 and included the following areas: 1) developed area footprints (as delineated by the extent of development) plus a 300-ft buffer; 2) paved roads plus a 200-ft buffer from road centerline; 3) selected non-paved roads plus a 50-ft buffer from road centerline; 4) utility point or line features buffered 25-ft; and 5) selected large lakes identified in the GMP: McDonald, Saint Mary, and Lower Two Medicine.The RusticZone was created using the following general GIS processing steps: 1) select included non-paved roads and buffer 50-ft from centerline; 2) capture rustic area footprints (extent of development) and buffer 50-ft.; and 3) buffer known utility lines and points 25-ft. All buffer areas were merged to create the rustic zone areas.The Day Use zone was revised in May 2013 to include the following: 1) trails, buffered 50-feet; and 2) selected lakes identified in the General Management Plan: Swiftcurrent, Josephine, and Two Medicine.

© Glacier NP GIS Program

This layer is a component of Glacier National Park.

This map service provides layers covering a variety of different datasets and themes for Glacier National Park. It is meant to be consumed by internet mapping applications and for general reference. It is for internal NPS use only. Produced November 2014.

© Denver Service Center Planning Division, IMR Geographic Resources Division, Glacier National Park

The travel time map was generated using the Pedestrian Evacuation Analyst model (version 1.0.1 for ArcGIS 10.5) from the USGS (https://geography.wr.usgs.gov/science/vulnerability/tools.html). The travel time analysis uses ESRI's Path Distance tool to find the shortest distance across a cost surface from any point in the hazard zone to a safe zone. This cost analysis considers the direction of movement and assigns a higher cost to steeper slopes, based on a table contained within the model. The analysis also adds in the energy costs of crossing different types of land cover, assuming that less energy is expended walking along a road than walking across a sandy beach. To produce the time map, the evacuation surface output from the model is grouped into 1-minute increments for easier visualization. The times in the attribute table represent the estimated time to travel on foot to the nearest safe zone at the speed designated in the map title. The file name indicates whether the map is of the recreated tsunami inundation zone for the 2009 Mw 8.1 Samoa earthquake or a probable maximum tsunami (PMT) inundation zone for American Samoa and which travel speed was used in the modelling (slow walk, fast walk, slow run, or fast run). These data, in polygon shapefile format, are intended for use in GIS software applications. These data support the following publication: Wood, N.J., Jones, J.M., Yamazaki, Y., Cheung, K-F., Brown, J., Jones, J.L., and Abdollahian, N., 2018, Population vulnerability to tsunami hazards informed by previous and projected disasters—a case study of American Samoa: Natural Hazards, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-018-3493-7.

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows the locations of civil airports and aerodromes up to September 1957, together with the operational type of airport or aerodrome. The airports were classified according to class of Air Carrier each is technically and administratively equipped to serve. Major Airports are those equipped to service all classes of Air Carrier; Other Scheduled Airports are those equipped to service all classes of Air Carrier, except International Scheduled Air Carriers; Non-scheduled Airports can service one or more of the all classes, except Scheduled Air Carriers and International Scheduled Air Carriers; Water Airports shown are all Non-scheduled Airports. The map showing these airports also includes Canadian time zones circa 1957.

USNG is standard that established a nationally consistent grid reference system. It provides a seamless plane coordinate system across jurisdictional boundaries and map scales; it enables precise position referencing with GPS, web map portals, and hardcopy maps. USNG enables a practical system of geoaddresses and a universal map index. This data resides in the GCS 1983 coordinate system and is most suitable for viewing over North America.

The data is separated into three groups, Small Scale Grids, 1000m Grids, and 100m Grids. The small scale grid group contains grids shown at smaller scales including the 6 x 8 decimal degree grids, the 100000m grids, and the 10000m grids. The 1000m grid group shows 1,000 meter grid squares. Due to the large volume of 1000m data, the 1000m grids are separate into UTM zones. This speeds up the querying time of the 1000m grids. The 100m grid group contains 100m grids for various metropolitan area in the U.S. and Puerto Rico. These metropolitan areas are further separate into time zones so it's easier to navigate through the Table of Contents to find a metro area.

The 2012 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map is the standard by which gardeners and growers can determine which plants are most likely to thrive at a location. The map is based on the average annual minimum winter temperature, divided into 10-degree F zones. For the first time, the map is available as an interactive GIS-based map, for which a broadband Internet connection is recommended, and as static images for those with slower Internet access. Users may also simply type in a ZIP Code and find the hardiness zone for that area. No posters of the USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map have been printed. But state, regional, and national images of the map can be downloaded and printed in a variety of sizes and resolutions. Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map. File Name: Web Page, url: https://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/pages/view-maps Includes interactive, static, and georeferenced maps, map and data downloads, and information about plant hardiness zones in the United States.

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) produces Flood Insurance Rate maps and identifies Special Flood Hazard Areas as part of the National Flood Insurance Program's floodplain management. Special Flood Hazard Areas have regulations that include the mandatory purchase of flood insurance for holders of federally regulated mortgages. In addition, in the USA, this layer can help planners and firms avoid areas of flood risk and also avoid additional cost to carry insurance for certain planned activities.Dataset SummaryPhenomenon Mapped: Flood Hazard AreasUnits: NoneCell Sizes: 10 meters (default), 30 meters, and 90 metersSource Type: ThematicPixel Type: Unsigned integerData Coordinate System: USA Contiguous Albers Equal Area Conic USGS version (contiguous US, Puerto Rico, US Virgin Islands), WGS 1984 Albers (Alaska), Hawaii Albers Equal Area Conic (Hawaii), Western Pacific Albers Equal Area Conic (Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, and American Samoa)Mosaic Projection: Web Mercator Auxiliary SphereExtents: Contiguous United States, Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Guam, US Virgin Islands, Northern Mariana Islands and American Samoa.Source: Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)Publication Date: June 27, 2024ArcGIS Server URL: https://landscape11.arcgis.com/arcgis/This layer is derived from the June 27, 2024 version Flood Insurance Rate Map feature class S_FLD_HAZ_AR. The vector data were then flagged with an index of 88 classes, representing a unique combination of values displayed by three renderers. (In three resolutions the three renderers make nine processing templates.) Repair Geometry was run on the set of features, then the features were rasterized using the 88 class index at a resolutions of 10, 30, and 90 meters, using the Polygon to Raster tool and the "MAXIMUM_COMBINED_AREA" option. Not every part of the United States is covered by flood rate maps. This layer compiles all the flood insurance maps available at the time of publication. To make analysis easier, areas that were NOT mapped by FEMA for flood insurance rates no longer are served as NODATA but are filled in with a value of 250, representing any unmapped areas which appear in the US Census' boundary of the USA states and territories. The attribute table corresponding to value 250 will indicate that the area was not mapped.What can you do with this Layer? This layer is suitable for both visualization and analysis across the ArcGIS system. This layer can be combined with your data and other layers from the ArcGIS Living Atlas of the World in ArcGIS Online and ArcGIS Pro to create powerful web maps that can be used alone or in a story map or other application.Because this layer is part of the ArcGIS Living Atlas of the World it is easy to add to your map:In ArcGIS Online, you can add this layer to a map by selecting Add then Browse Living Atlas Layers. A window will open. Type "flood hazard areas" in the search box and browse to the layer. Select the layer then click Add to Map.In ArcGIS Pro, open a map and select Add Data from the Map Tab. Select Data at the top of the drop down menu. The Add Data dialog box will open on the left side of the box, expand Portal if necessary, then select Living Atlas. Type "flood hazard areas" in the search box, browse to the layer then click OK.In ArcGIS Pro you can use the built-in raster functions to create custom extracts of the data. Imagery layers provide fast, powerful inputs to geoprocessing tools, models, or Python scripts in Pro.The ArcGIS Living Atlas of the World provides an easy way to explore many other beautiful and authoritative maps on hundreds of topics like this one.Processing TemplatesCartographic Renderer - The default. These are meaningful classes grouped by FEMA which group its own Flood Zone Type and Subtype fields. This renderer uses FEMA's own cartographic interpretations of its flood zone and zone subtype fields to help you identify and assess risk. Flood Zone Type Renderer - Specifically renders FEMA FLD_ZONE (flood zone) attribute, which distinguishes the original, broadest categories of flood zones. This renderer displays high level categories of flood zones, and is less nuanced than the Cartographic Renderer. For example, a fld_zone value of X can either have moderate or low risk depending on location. This renderer will simply render fld_zone X as its own color without identifying "500 year" flood zones within that category.Flood Insurance Requirement Renderer - Shows Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA) true-false status. This may be helpful if you want to show just the places where flood insurance is required. A value of True means flood insurance is mandatory in a majority of the area covered by each 10m pixel.Each of these three renderers have templates at three different raster resolutions depending on your analysis needs. To include the layer in web maps to serve maps and queries, the 10 meter renderers are the preferred option. These are served with overviews and render at all resolutions. However, when doing analysis of larger areas, we now offer two coarser resolutions of 30 and 90 meters in processing templates for added convenience and time savings.