In 2023, the total population in Japan's capital Tokyo Prefecture amounted to approximately 14.1 million inhabitants. Tokyo's population rebounded after it declined for the first time post-WWII in 2021.

In 2023, approximately *** million people within the age group of 15 to 64 years were counted in Tokyo Prefecture, an increase from about *** million people recorded in 2020. Over *** million inhabitants in the metropolis were aged 65 years and older.

Population, female (% of total population) in Japan was reported at 51.19 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Japan - Population, female (% of total) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

Urban population (% of total population) in Japan was reported at 92.13 % in 2024, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Japan - Urban population (% of total) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

The population of Tokyo City amounted to approximately **** million people in 2023. Sapporo, the largest city on the northern Japanese island Hokkaido, came in fifth with around **** million inhabitants in the same year.

With approximately **** million inhabitants, Tokyo was Japan's most populous city as of 2023, followed by Yokohama, which, in the same year, counted about **** million inhabitants. In total, there were twelve cities with a population of over one million people in Japan.

As of the fourth quarter of 2023, the rent for stores in Japan was the highest in Tokyo and Yokohama, amounting to around 35.8 thousand Japanese yen per tsubo. The cities of Tokyo and Yokohama are part of the Tokyo Metropolitan Area, which is home to one-third of the population in Japan.

Japan’s largest city, greater Tokyo, had a staggering 37.19 million inhabitants in 2023, making it the most populous city across the Asia-Pacific region. India had the second largest city after Japan with a population consisting of approximately 33 million inhabitants. Contrastingly, approximately 410 thousand inhabitants populated Papua New Guinea's largest city in 2023. A megacity regionNot only did Japan and India have the largest cities throughout the Asia-Pacific region but they were among the three most populated cities worldwide in 2023. Interestingly, over half on the world’s megacities were situated in the Asia-Pacific region. However, being home to more than half of the world’s population, it does not seem surprising that by 2025 it is expected that more than two thirds of the megacities across the globe will be located in the Asia Pacific region. Other megacities are also expected to emerge within the Asia-Pacific region throughout the next decade. There have even been suggestions that Indonesia’s Jakarta and its conurbation will overtake Greater Tokyo in terms of population size by 2030. Increasing populationsIncreased populations in megacities can be down to increased economic activity. As more countries across the Asia-Pacific region have made the transition from agriculture to industry, the population has adjusted accordingly. Thus, more regions have experienced higher shares of urban populations. However, as many cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Seoul have an aging population, this may have an impact on their future population sizes, with these Asian regions estimated to have significant shares of the population being over 65 years old by 2035.

In 2023, the male population was estimated to reach approximately 60.46 million, while the female population was estimated at around 63.95 million. These figures were forecasted to shrink to about 24.1 million men and 25.64 million women by 2120.

In 1800, the population of Japan was just over 30 million, a figure which would grow by just two million in the first half of the 19th century. However, with the fall of the Tokugawa shogunate and the restoration of the emperor in the Meiji Restoration of 1868, Japan would begin transforming from an isolated feudal island, to a modernized empire built on Western models. The Meiji period would see a rapid rise in the population of Japan, as industrialization and advancements in healthcare lead to a significant reduction in child mortality rates, while the creation overseas colonies would lead to a strong economic boom. However, this growth would slow beginning in 1937, as Japan entered a prolonged war with the Republic of China, which later grew into a major theater of the Second World War. The war was eventually brought to Japan's home front, with the escalation of Allied air raids on Japanese urban centers from 1944 onwards (Tokyo was the most-bombed city of the Second World War). By the war's end in 1945 and the subsequent occupation of the island by the Allied military, Japan had suffered over two and a half million military fatalities, and over one million civilian deaths.

The population figures of Japan were quick to recover, as the post-war “economic miracle” would see an unprecedented expansion of the Japanese economy, and would lead to the country becoming one of the first fully industrialized nations in East Asia. As living standards rose, the population of Japan would increase from 77 million in 1945, to over 127 million by the end of the century. However, growth would begin to slow in the late 1980s, as birth rates and migration rates fell, and Japan eventually grew to have one of the oldest populations in the world. The population would peak in 2008 at just over 128 million, but has consistently fallen each year since then, as the fertility rate of the country remains below replacement level (despite government initiatives to counter this) and the country's immigrant population remains relatively stable. The population of Japan is expected to continue its decline in the coming years, and in 2020, it is estimated that approximately 126 million people inhabit the island country.

東京都の簡易水道給水人口の統計データです。最新の2023年の数値「11,515人」を含む1976～2023年までの推移グラフや人口が近い神奈川県(神奈川県)との比較表などの情報を無料で公開しています。csv形式でのダウンロードも可能でEXCELでも開けますので、研究や分析レポートにお役立て下さい。

東京都の上水道給水人口の統計データです。最新の2023年の数値「14,026,502人」を含む1976～2023年までの推移グラフや人口が近い神奈川県(神奈川県)との比較表などの情報を無料で公開しています。csv形式でのダウンロードも可能でEXCELでも開けますので、研究や分析レポートにお役立て下さい。

As of 2025, Tokyo-Yokohama in Japan was the largest world urban agglomeration, with 37 million people living there. Delhi ranked second with more than 34 million, with Shanghai in third with more than 30 million inhabitants.

東京都の可住地面積１k㎡当たり人口密度の統計データです。最新の2023年の数値「9,860人」を含む1975～2023年までの推移グラフや人口が近い神奈川県(神奈川県)との比較表などの情報を無料で公開しています。csv形式でのダウンロードも可能でEXCELでも開けますので、研究や分析レポートにお役立て下さい。

The size of the Japan Furniture Market market was valued at USD 21.40 Million in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 26.32 Million by 2032, with an expected CAGR of 3.00% during the forecast period. The Japan furniture market is a mature and sophisticated sector, influenced by the country's unique cultural heritage, urban living conditions, and a strong emphasis on quality and design. This market encompasses a wide range of products, including traditional and modern furniture for homes, offices, and commercial spaces. Japan's aging population is a significant driver of the furniture market, particularly for products that cater to the needs of older adults. Ergonomic and functional furniture designed to support mobility and comfort is in high demand.The high level of urbanization in Japan, especially in cities like Tokyo and Osaka, has led to an increase in small living spaces. This drives the demand for space-saving, multifunctional, and compact furniture that maximizes the utility of limited space.Minimalist designs, often inspired by Scandinavian aesthetics, continue to be popular in Japan. These designs emphasize clean lines, natural materials, and functionality, resonating with Japanese consumers' preference for simplicity and elegance. Recent developments include: In January 2024, as a part of its expansion, IKEA opened a new store in the North Kanto region in Japan. It is the first store in the region and the tenth store in Japan., In May 2023, one of the leading Japanese producers of wooden furniture, Karimoku Furniture Inc., partnered up with internationally recognized avant-garde design firm Zaha Hadid Design to create SEYUN, an exclusive collection of exquisite furniture.. Key drivers for this market are: The integration of technology into furniture is gaining traction in Japan. Consumers are increasingly interested in smart furniture that offers convenience, such as adjustable beds, smart storage solutions, and furniture with built-in charging capabilities.. Potential restraints include: Japan's declining population presents a long-term challenge for the furniture market. As the population shrinks and household formation slows, the overall demand for new furniture may decrease, particularly in rural areas.. Notable trends are: The demand for eco-friendly furniture is growing, with consumers seeking products that are not only stylish but also sustainable. This includes furniture made from recycled or upcycled materials, as well as products certified for sustainability by organizations like the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)..

東京都の千人当たりの出生率の統計データです。最新の2024年の数値「6.3」を含む1995～2024年までの推移グラフや人口が近い神奈川県(神奈川県)との比較表などの情報を無料で公開しています。csv形式でのダウンロードも可能でEXCELでも開けますので、研究や分析レポートにお役立て下さい。

In the past decade, Japan’s degree of urbanization has leveled off at around 92.04 percent. This means that less than 10 percent of Japan’s population of 126 million inhabitants do not live in an urban setting. Japan is well above the degree of urbanization worldwide, which is 55 percent. Japan is also known for its high population density: In 2017, it amounted to an eye-watering 347.78 inhabitants per square kilometer - however, it is not even among the top twenty countries with the highest population density worldwide. That ranking is lead by Monaco, followed by China, and Singapore. Japan’s aging population The main demographic challenge that Japan currently faces is an aging population, as the number of inhabitants over 65 years old is an increasing percentage of the population. As of 2018, Japan is the country with the largest percentage of total population over 65 years, and life expectancy at birth there is about 84 years. Simultaneously, the birth rate in Japan is declining, resulting in negative population growth in recent years. One method Japan is using to address these demographic shifts is by investing in automated work processes; it's one of the top countries interested in collaborative robots.

Over the last decade, Japan’s population has aged more and more, to the point where more than a quarter of Japanese were 65 years and older in 2022. Population growth has stopped and even reversed, since it’s been in the red for several years now.

It’s getting old

With almost 30 percent of its population being elderly inhabitants, Japan is considered the “oldest” country in the world today. Japan boasts a high life expectancy, in fact, the Japanese tend to live longer than the average human worldwide. The increase of the aging population is accompanied by a decrease of the total population caused by a sinking birth rate. Japan’s fertility rate has been below the replacement rate for many decades now, mostly due to economic uncertainty and thus a decreasing number of marriages.

Are the Japanese invincible?

There is no real mystery surrounding the ripe old age of so many Japanese. Their high average age is very likely due to high healthcare standards, nutrition, and an overall high standard of living – all of which could be adopted by other industrial nations as well. But with high age comes less capacity, and Japan’s future enemy might not be an early death, but rather a struggling social network.

In 2023, the total population in Japan slightly decreased to just below 125 million people compared to the previous year, with the female population reaching around 63.9 million, as compared to 60.5 million men. The oldest population in the world  Japanese society is facing severe demographic problems such as decreasing birthrates, remaining under one million births annually recently, and a thereby aging population. The country’s average age lies at around 48 years, making its population the oldest in the world. Elderly people aged 65 years and older accounted for about 29 percent of the population in 2023. According to a forecast, the age group 65 years and older would make up approximately 39 percent of the Japanese population by 2070. Challenges with the demographic shift The rapid aging of the society poses significant economic and sociopolitical challenges to the country, as the workforce will continue to shrink while increasingly more elderly will receive long-term support. Currently, close to seven million Japanese require long-term care, leading to national benefit expenses of over 14 trillion yen annually, including in-home and community-based services.

As of December 2023, close to 663,370 foreign nationals lived in Tokyo Prefecture. The prefecture of Japan's capital was followed by Aichi Prefecture, which is home to many manufacturing businesses that depend on foreign labor. The lowest number of foreign residents was recorded in Akita Prefecture, which is part of the more rural Tohoku region.