In 2025, the United States had the largest economy in the world, with a gross domestic product of over 30 trillion U.S. dollars. China had the second largest economy, at around 19.23 trillion U.S. dollars. Recent adjustments in the list have seen Germany's economy overtake Japan's to become the third-largest in the world in 2023, while Brazil's economy moved ahead of Russia's in 2024. Global gross domestic product Global gross domestic product amounts to almost 110 trillion U.S. dollars, with the United States making up more than one-quarter of this figure alone. The 12 largest economies in the world include all Group of Seven (G7) economies, as well as the four largest BRICS economies. The U.S. has consistently had the world's largest economy since the interwar period, and while previous reports estimated it would be overtaken by China in the 2020s, more recent projections estimate the U.S. economy will remain the largest by a considerable margin going into the 2030s.The gross domestic product of a country is calculated by taking spending and trade into account, to show how much the country can produce in a certain amount of time, usually per year. It represents the value of all goods and services produced during that year. Those countries considered to have emerging or developing economies account for almost 60 percent of global gross domestic product, while advanced economies make up over 40 percent.

In 2025, Luxembourg was the country with the highest gross domestic product per capita in the world. Of the 20 listed countries, 13 are in Europe and five are in Asia, alongside the U.S. and Australia. There are no African or Latin American countries among the top 20. Correlation with high living standards While GDP is a useful indicator for measuring the size or strength of an economy, GDP per capita is much more reflective of living standards. For example, when compared to life expectancy or indices such as the Human Development Index or the World Happiness Report, there is a strong overlap - 14 of the 20 countries on this list are also ranked among the 20 happiest countries in 2024, and all 20 have "very high" HDIs. Misleading metrics? GDP per capita figures, however, can be misleading, and to paint a fuller picture of a country's living standards then one must look at multiple metrics. GDP per capita figures can be skewed by inequalities in wealth distribution, and in countries such as those in the Middle East, a relatively large share of the population lives in poverty while a smaller number live affluent lifestyles.

The average for 2024 based on 177 countries was 27291 U.S. dollars. The highest value was in Singapore: 132570 U.S. dollars and the lowest value was in Burundi: 836 U.S. dollars. The indicator is available from 1990 to 2024. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

The average for 2023 based on 7 countries was 6.42 percent. The highest value was in the USA: 26.3 percent and the lowest value was in Canada: 2.06 percent. The indicator is available from 1980 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

The statistic shows the 20 countries with the largest proportion of the global gross domestic product (GDP) based on Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) in 2024. In 2023, Germany had an estimated share of about 3.06 percent of the global GDP.

The gross domestic product (GDP) of the United States amounted to **** trillion U.S. dollars in 2023, making it the largest economy in the G20 and the largest worldwide. China was the second largest economy in that year, with a GDP valued at **** trillion U.S. dollars. It is worth noticing that while the U.S. GDP was forecast to increase by around **** trillion U.S. dollars until 2027, China's GDP is forecast to grow by around *** trillion U.S. dollars in the same time.

As of April 2025, South Africa's GDP was estimated at over 410 billion U.S. dollars, the highest in Africa. Egypt followed, with a GDP worth around 347 billion U.S. dollars, and ranked as the second-highest on the continent. Algeria ranked third, with nearly 269 billion U.S. dollars. These African economies are among some of the fastest-growing economies worldwide. Dependency on oil For some African countries, the oil industry represents an enormous source of income. In Nigeria, oil generates over five percent of the country’s GDP in the third quarter of 2023. However, economies such as the Libyan, Algerian, or Angolan are even much more dependent on the oil sector. In Libya, for instance, oil rents account for over 40 percent of the GDP. Indeed, Libya is one of the economies most dependent on oil worldwide. Similarly, oil represents for some of Africa’s largest economies a substantial source of export value. The giants do not make the ranking Most of Africa’s largest economies do not appear in the leading ten African countries for GDP per capita. The GDP per capita is calculated by dividing a country’s GDP by its population. Therefore, a populated country with a low total GDP will have a low GDP per capita, while a small rich nation has a high GDP per capita. For instance, South Africa has Africa’s highest GDP, but also counts the sixth-largest population, so wealth has to be divided into its big population. The GDP per capita also indicates how a country’s wealth reaches each of its citizens. In Africa, Seychelles has the greatest GDP per capita.

The average for 2024 based on 40 countries was 31895 U.S. dollars. The highest value was in Singapore: 132570 U.S. dollars and the lowest value was in Palestine: 3846 U.S. dollars. The indicator is available from 1990 to 2024. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

The average for 2025 based on 40 countries was 69 index points. The highest value was in Switzerland: 84 index points and the lowest value was in Belarus: 49 index points. The indicator is available from 1995 to 2025. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

South Africa Index: FTSE/JSE: Capped Top 40 data was reported at 23,428.596 02Jan2002=100 in Nov 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 24,430.585 02Jan2002=100 for Oct 2018. South Africa Index: FTSE/JSE: Capped Top 40 data is updated monthly, averaging 14,714.360 02Jan2002=100 from Jun 2003 (Median) to Nov 2018, with 186 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 27,336.043 02Jan2002=100 in Aug 2018 and a record low of 3,895.080 02Jan2002=100 in Jun 2003. South Africa Index: FTSE/JSE: Capped Top 40 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Johannesburg Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under Global Database’s South Africa – Table ZA.Z001: Johannesburg Stock Exchange: Index.

South Africa Index: FTSE/JSE: Top 40 Net Total Return data was reported at 51,516.063 NA in Jun 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 49,783.915 NA for May 2018. South Africa Index: FTSE/JSE: Top 40 Net Total Return data is updated monthly, averaging 44,881.177 NA from Apr 2012 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 75 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 53,269.835 NA in Nov 2017 and a record low of 29,201.900 NA in May 2012. South Africa Index: FTSE/JSE: Top 40 Net Total Return data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Johannesburg Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under Global Database’s South Africa – Table ZA.Z001: Johannesburg Stock Exchange: Index.

The average for 2024 based on 138 countries was 5.56 points. The highest value was in Finland: 7.74 points and the lowest value was in Afghanistan: 1.72 points. The indicator is available from 2013 to 2024. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

BackgroundThe pandemic of COVID-19 has been shaping economic developments of the world. From the standpoint of government measures to prevent and control the epidemic, the lockdown was widely used. It is essential to access the economic losses in a lockdown environment which will provide government administration with a necessary reference for decision making in controlling the epidemic.MethodsWe introduce the concept of “standard unit incident” and an economic losses assessment methodology for both the standard and the assessed area. We build a “standard unit lockdown” economic losses assessment system and indicators to estimate the economic losses for the monthly lockdown. Using the comprehensive assessment system, the loss infected coefficient of monthly economic losses during lockdown in the 40 countries has been calculated to assess the economic losses by the entropy weighting method (EWM) with data from the CSMAR database and CDC website.ResultsWe observe that countries in North America suffered the most significant economic losses due to the epidemic, followed by South America and Europe, Asia and Africa, and Oceania and Antarctica suffered relatively minor economic losses. The top 10 countries for monthly economic losses during lockdown were the United States, India, Brazil, France, Turkey, Russia, the United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, and Germany. The United States suffered the greatest monthly economic losses under lockdown ($65.3 billion), roughly 1.5 times that of China, while Germany suffered the least ($56.4 billion), roughly 1.3 times that of China.ConclusionLockdown as a control and mitigation strategy has great impact on the economic development and causes huge economic losses. The economic impact due to the pandemic has varied widely among the 40 countries. It will be important to conduct further studies to compare and understand the differences and the reasons behind.

In 2024, the gross domestic product (GDP) of China amounted to around 18.7 trillion U.S. dollars. In comparison to the GDP of the other BRIC countries India, Russia and Brazil, China came first that year and second in the world GDP ranking. The stagnation of China's GDP in U.S. dollar terms in 2022 and 2023 was mainly due to the appreciation of the U.S. dollar. China's real GDP growth was 3.1 percent in 2022 and 5.4 percent in 2023. In 2024, per capita GDP in China reached around 13,300 U.S. dollars. Economic performance in China Gross domestic product (GDP) is a primary economic indicator. It measures the total value of all goods and services produced in an economy over a certain time period. China's economy used to grow quickly in the past, but the growth rate of China’s real GDP gradually slowed down in recent years, and year-on-year GDP growth is forecasted to range at only around four percent in the years after 2024. Since 2010, China has been the world’s second-largest economy, surpassing Japan.China’s emergence in the world’s economy has a lot to do with its status as the ‘world’s factory’. Since 2013, China is the largest export country in the world. Some argue that it is partly due to the undervalued Chinese currency. The Big Mac Index, a simplified and informal way to measure the purchasing power parity between different currencies, indicates that the Chinese currency yuan was roughly undervalued by 38 percent in 2024. GDP development Although the impressive economic development in China has led millions of people out of poverty, China is still not in the league of industrialized countries on the per capita basis. To name one example, the U.S. per capita economic output was more than six times as large as in China in 2024. Meanwhile, the Chinese society faces increased income disparities. The Gini coefficient of China, a widely used indicator of economic inequality, has been larger than 0.45 over the last decade, whereas 0.40 is the warning level for social unrest.

South Africa TRI: FTSE/JSE: Top 40 data was reported at 7,409.425 NA in Jun 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 7,150.871 NA for May 2018. South Africa TRI: FTSE/JSE: Top 40 data is updated monthly, averaging 3,103.420 NA from Jan 2002 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 198 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 10,901.550 NA in May 2002 and a record low of 654.930 NA in Apr 2003. South Africa TRI: FTSE/JSE: Top 40 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Johannesburg Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under Global Database’s South Africa – Table ZA.Z002: Johannesburg Stock Exchange: Total Return Index.

South Africa Index: FTSE/JSE: Shariah Top 40 Net Total Return data was reported at 3,176.088 NA in Jun 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 3,089.990 NA for May 2018. South Africa Index: FTSE/JSE: Shariah Top 40 Net Total Return data is updated monthly, averaging 3,188.393 NA from Apr 2012 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 75 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,394.120 NA in Jul 2014 and a record low of 2,605.268 NA in Jan 2016. South Africa Index: FTSE/JSE: Shariah Top 40 Net Total Return data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Johannesburg Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under Global Database’s South Africa – Table ZA.Z001: Johannesburg Stock Exchange: Index.

This statistic shows the share of economic sectors in the global gross domestic product (GDP) from 2014 to 2024. In 2024, agriculture contributed 4.02 percent, industry contributed approximately 25.97 percent and services contributed about 66.24 percent to the global gross domestic product. See global GDP for comparison.

South Africa TRI: FTSE: Capped Top 40 data was reported at 58,557.431 NA in Jun 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 63,363.275 NA for May 2022. South Africa TRI: FTSE: Capped Top 40 data is updated monthly, averaging 58,062.796 NA from Mar 2021 (Median) to Jun 2022, with 16 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 66,255.049 NA in Feb 2022 and a record low of 54,140.425 NA in Mar 2021. South Africa TRI: FTSE: Capped Top 40 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by FTSE Russell. The data is categorized under Global Database’s South Africa – Table ZA.Z002: Financial Times Stock Exchange: Enhanced ICB Framework: Total Return Index.

TRI: FTSE: Shariah Top 40 data was reported at 7,162.607 NA in Jun 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 8,458.673 NA for May 2022. TRI: FTSE: Shariah Top 40 data is updated monthly, averaging 7,240.329 NA from Mar 2021 (Median) to Jun 2022, with 16 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 9,004.662 NA in Feb 2022 and a record low of 6,572.235 NA in Sep 2021. TRI: FTSE: Shariah Top 40 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by FTSE Russell. The data is categorized under Global Database’s South Africa – Table ZA.Z002: Financial Times Stock Exchange: Enhanced ICB Framework: Total Return Index.

Seychelles had the largest Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita in Africa as of 2024. The value amounted to 21,630 U.S. dollars. Mauritius followed with around 12,330 U.S. dollars, whereas Gabon registered 8,840 U.S. dollars. GDP per capita is calculated by dividing a country’s GDP by its population, meaning that some of the largest economies are not ranked within the leading ten. Impact of COVID-19 on North Africa’s GDP When looking at the GDP growth rate in Africa in 2024, Libya had the largest estimated growth in Northern Africa, a value of 7.8 percent compared to the previous year. Niger and Senegal were at the top of the list with rates of 10.4 percent and 8.3 percent, respectively. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the impact on the economy was severe. The growth of the North African real GDP was estimated at minus 1.1 percent in 2020. However, estimations for 2022 looked much brighter, as it was set that the region would see a GDP growth of six percent, compared to four percent in 2021.
Contribution of Tourism Various countries in Africa are dependent on tourism, contributing to the economy. In 2023, travel and tourism were estimated to contribute 182.6 billion U.S. dollars, a clear increase from 96.5 in 2020 following COVID-19. As of 2024, South Africa, Mauritius, and Egypt led tourism in the continent according to the Travel & Tourism Development Index.