The DXY exchange rate rose to 99.4202 on December 2, 2025, up 0.01% from the previous session. Over the past month, the United States Dollar has weakened 0.45%, and is down by 6.53% over the last 12 months. United States Dollar - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

A graphic that displays the dollar performance against other currencies reveals that economic developments had mixed results on currency exchanges. The third quarter of 2023 marked a period of disinflation in the euro area, while China's projected growth was projected to go up. The United States economy was said to have a relatively strong performance in Q3 2023, although growing capital market interest rate and the resumption of student loan repayments might dampen this growth at the end of 2023. A relatively weak Japanese yen Q3 2023 saw pressure from investors towards Japanese authorities on how they would respond to the situation surrounding the Japanese yen. The USD/JPY rate was close to ***, whereas analysts suspected it should be around ** given the country's purchase power parity. The main reason for this disparity is said to be the differences in central bank interest rates between the United States, the euro area, and Japan. Any future aggressive changes from, especially the U.S. Fed might lower those differences. Financial markets responded somewhat disappoint when Japan did not announce major plans to tackle the situation. Potential rent decreases in 2024 Central bank rates peak in 2023, although it is expected that some of these will decline in early 2024. That said, analysts expect overall policies will remain restrictive. For example, the Bank of England's interest rate remained unchanged at **** percent in Q3 2023. It is believed the United Kingdom's central bank will ease its interest rate in 2024 but less than either the U.S. Fed or the European Central Bank. This should be a positive development for the pound compared to either the euro or the dollar.

Snapshot img

Foreign Exchange Market Size 2025-2029

The foreign exchange market size is valued to increase by USD 582 billion, at a CAGR of 10.6% from 2024 to 2029. Growing urbanization and digitalization will drive the foreign exchange market.

Major Market Trends & Insights

Europe dominated the market and accounted for a 47% growth during the forecast period.
By Type - Reporting dealers segment was valued at USD 278.60 billion in 2023
By Trade Finance Instruments - Currency swaps segment accounted for the largest market revenue share in 2023

Market Size & Forecast

Market Opportunities: USD 118.14 billion
Market Future Opportunities: USD 582.00 billion
CAGR from 2024 to 2029 : 10.6%

Market Summary

The market, a dynamic and intricate web of financial transactions, plays a pivotal role in facilitating global trade and economic interactions. Its primary function is to enable the conversion of one currency into another, thereby mitigating the risk of currency fluctuations for businesses and investors. Key drivers of this market include growing urbanization and digitalization, which have expanded trading opportunities to a 24x7 global economy. However, the uncertainty of future exchange rates poses a significant challenge, necessitating effective risk management strategies. The market's evolution reflects the increasing interconnectedness of the global economy. Transactions occur in a decentralized, over-the-counter system, with major trading centers in London, New York, and Tokyo.
Participants include commercial banks, investment banks, hedge funds, and individual investors, all seeking to capitalize on price differences between currencies. Trends shaping the market include the increasing use of automation and artificial intelligence to analyze market data and execute trades. Regulatory changes, such as the introduction of stricter capital requirements, also impact the market's functioning. Looking ahead, the market is expected to remain a vital component of the global financial landscape, with continued growth driven by increased trade and economic interdependence. However, challenges, such as regulatory changes and geopolitical risks, will necessitate adaptability and innovation from market participants.

What will be the Size of the Foreign Exchange Market during the forecast period?

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How is the Foreign Exchange Market Segmented ?

The foreign exchange industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Type

  Reporting dealers
  Financial institutions
  Non-financial customers


Trade Finance Instruments

  Currency swaps
  Outright forward and FX swaps
  FX options


Trading Platforms

  Electronic Trading
  Over-the-Counter (OTC)
  Mobile Trading


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    Germany
    Switzerland
    UK


  Middle East and Africa

    UAE


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan


  South America

    Brazil


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Type Insights

The reporting dealers segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The market, a dynamic and ever-evolving financial landscape, is characterized by constant activity and intricate patterns. Participants engage in various trading strategies, employing advanced tools such as stop-loss and take-profit orders on forex trading platforms. Real-time data feeds and order book dynamics facilitate trade execution speed, while market microstructure and slippage minimization techniques ensure efficient transactions. Currency correlation analysis and transaction cost analysis are integral to informed decision-making, with backtesting methodologies providing valuable insights. Currency forwards contracts, position sizing techniques, and forex derivatives pricing are essential components of risk management systems. Carry trade strategies, hedging strategies, and interest rate parity are popular tactics employed by market participants.

Algorithmic trading strategies, driven by options pricing models and trading algorithms' efficiency, significantly influence price discovery mechanisms. High-frequency trading and volatility modeling contribute to the market's liquidity risk management, while foreign exchange swaps and currency option valuation help manage risk. The market's complexities necessitate sophisticated risk management systems and intricate order routing optimization. Global payments systems facilitate the smooth transfer of funds, and liquidity risk management remains a critical concern for market participants. According to recent studies, The market is estimated to account for approximately USD6 trillion in daily trading volume, und

One United States dollar was worth over ********* Indonesian rupiah in September 2025, the highest value in a comparison of over 50 different currencies worldwide. All countries and territories shown here are based on the Big Mac Index - a measurement of how much a single Big Mac is worth across different areas in the world. This exchange rate comparison reveals a strong position of the dollar in Asia and Latin America. Note, though, that several of the top currencies shown here do not rank among the most traded. The quarterly U.S. dollar exchange rate against the ten biggest forex currencies only contains the Korean won and the Japanese yen.

The EUR/USD exchange rate rose to 1.1619 on December 2, 2025, up 0.08% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Euro US Dollar Exchange Rate - EUR/USD has strengthened 0.86%, and is up by 10.57% over the last 12 months. Euro US Dollar Exchange Rate - EUR/USD - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

The USD/CNY exchange rate fell to 7.0696 on December 2, 2025, down 0.05% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Chinese Yuan has strengthened 0.81%, and is up by 3.15% over the last 12 months. Chinese Yuan - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

The euro and U.S. dollar made up more than ***** of 10 SWIFT payments worldwide in September 2025, outperforming many other currencies. This is according to a monthly report meant to track the market share of China's yuan renminbi within the international bank transfer system SWIFT. Although China holds the largest forex reserves in the world, the yuan ranked as the *****-used currency in international payments. The figures concern customer-initiated and institutional payments and exclude trade. Discussions on the potential weakening role of the U.S. dollar especially touch world trade and forex. For example, the share of the USD in forex reserves declined visibly against the euro and Japanese yen in 2024. What sparked this de-dollarization trend, and will it continue? Trade sanctions and de-dollarization De-dollarization in 2024 is mentioned mostly alongside trade and the BRICS countries - an informal name given to Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. The combined GDP of BRICS is about ** percent of the world's economy. After the start of the Ukraine war and Russia received economic sanctions, the BRICS slowly evolved into a trading bloc. The group increasingly wanted its own currency to settle payments within the trade bloc, to avoid using the U.S. dollar. In August 2024, BRICS gathered in South Africa to discuss the creation of such a new joint currency. Additionally, ** countries - including Argentina, Algeria, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Yemen - expressed interest in joining the BRICS group. CBDC, or projects into a digital payment settlement A factor of future uncertainty for the U.S. dollar is how central bank digital currencies (CBDC) develop in emerging countries. Several projects exist between individual countries that specifically target cross-border interbank payments. A cooperation between Thailand and Hong Kong, Inthanon-Lionrock, ranks as the most advanced of these projects. CBDC does not require the U.S. dollar to function. Tangible such as commodities or gold can back them. The value of transactions processed with CBDC is to grow by ******* percent between 2024 and 2030.

One dollar was worth about ** Mexican pesos in the middle of 2024, which was stronger than other currencies in LATAM. Among the Latin American currencies shown in this graph, the Colombian peso (COP) was found to experience the greatest nominal change in the indicated period, surpassing the mark of ***** Colombian pesos for every U.S. dollar in June 2024.

The USD/BRL exchange rate fell to 5.3270 on December 2, 2025, down 0.55% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Brazilian Real has strengthened 0.57%, and is up by 11.87% over the last 12 months. Brazilian Real - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Cross sectional data, all countries for the statistic Nominal_Exchange_Rate_3_Year_Change_In_Percent. Indicator Definition:Nominal Exchange Rate 1 Year Change In Percent. The Exchange Rate is defined according to the Quantity Notation, that is, foreign currency (here always the USD) per domestic currency (for example the euro for Germany). Hence, a higher value means, that the domestic currency appreciated as more foreign currency units can be purchased for one unit of domestic currency.Indicator Unit:The statistic is measured in Percent.Descriptive Statistics regarding the Indicator "Nominal Exchange Rate 3 Year Change In Percent":The number of countries with data stands at: 153 countries.The average value across those countries stands at: -4.50.The standard deviation across those countries stands at: 25.54.The lowest value stands at: -98.32, and was observed in Lebanon (LBP), which in this case constitutes the country that ranks last.The highest value stands at: 36.51, and was observed in Albania (ALL), which in this case constitutes the country that ranks first.Looking at countries with values, the top 5 countries are:1. Albania, actual value 36.51, actual ranking 1.2. Costa Rica, actual value 36.30, actual ranking 2.3. Afghanistan, actual value 24.75, actual ranking 3.4. Poland, actual value 23.95, actual ranking 4.5. Sri Lanka, actual value 20.48, actual ranking 5.Looking at countries with values, the bottom 5 countries are:1. Lebanon, actual value -98.32, actual ranking 153.2. Venezuela, RB, actual value -94.88, actual ranking 152.3. Iran, Islamic Rep., actual value -93.01, actual ranking 151.4. Argentina, actual value -89.58, actual ranking 150.5. South Sudan, actual value -89.00, actual ranking 149.

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Cross sectional data, all countries for the statistic Real_Exchange_Rate_3_Year_Change_In_Percent. Indicator Definition:Real Exchange Rate 1 Year Change In Percent. The Nominal Exchange Rate used for calculating the Real Exchange Rate is defined according to the Quantity Notation, that is, foreign currency (here always the USD) per domestic currency (for example the euro for Germany). The Real exchange rate takes the respective country Consumer Price Indices into account. An increase (positive change in percent) means, that the value of domestic goods appreciated as they can be exchanged for more foreign goods. Indicator Unit:The statistic is measured in Percent.Descriptive Statistics regarding the Indicator "Real Exchange Rate 3 Year Change In Percent":The number of countries with data stands at: 72 countries.The average value across those countries stands at: 3.46.The standard deviation across those countries stands at: 15.02.The lowest value stands at: -82.13, and was observed in Iran, Islamic Rep. (IRR), which in this case constitutes the country that ranks last.The highest value stands at: 29.69, and was observed in Moldova (MDL), which in this case constitutes the country that ranks first.Looking at countries with values, the top 5 countries are:1. Moldova, actual value 29.69, actual ranking 1.2. Ghana, actual value 29.32, actual ranking 2.3. Sri Lanka, actual value 27.01, actual ranking 3.4. Turkey, actual value 26.38, actual ranking 4.5. Costa Rica, actual value 23.65, actual ranking 5.Looking at countries with values, the bottom 5 countries are:1. Iran, Islamic Rep., actual value -82.13, actual ranking 72.2. Egypt, Arab Rep., actual value -32.50, actual ranking 71.3. Tanzania, actual value -13.89, actual ranking 70.4. Rwanda, actual value -12.64, actual ranking 69.5. Bangladesh, actual value -12.04, actual ranking 68.

The USD/TRY exchange rate rose to 42.4368 on December 2, 2025, up 0.12% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Turkish Lira has weakened 0.91%, and is down by 22.27% over the last 12 months. Turkish Lira - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

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The euro-to-dollar exchange rate fluctuated significantly in 2022, reaching its lowest recorded value since 2008 during that time. Figures were different later in the year, however, with a rate of 1.16 USD recorded at the end of November 14, 2025. The average (standardized) measure is based on the calculation of many observations throughout the period in question. It is therefore different from an annual measure at a point, which reflects concrete values as of end of the year.EstablishmentThe euro, which was established in 1992, introduced in non-physical form in 1999 and finally rolled out in 2002, is used by 19 of the 27 member states of the European Union. This group of countries is otherwise known as the eurozone or euro area. By 2018, the total value of euro currency in circulation was almost 1.2 trillion euros, or over 3.4 thousand euros per capita.Euro to USDBetween 2001 and 2008, the average annual exchange rate of the euro to the U.S. dollar noted a steep increase. In 2008, the euro to U.S. dollar annual average exchange rate was equal to 1.47, which meant that one euro could buy 1.47 U.S. dollars. By 2019, this value had decreased overall, to a value of 1.12 which meant that one euro could buy 1.12 U.S. dollars. Similar dynamics in the euro to U.S. dollar exchange rate were also reflected in the monthly exchange rate recently.

The USD/ILS exchange rate fell to 3.2302 on December 3, 2025, down 0.75% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Israeli Shekel has strengthened 1.49%, and is up by 10.77% over the last 12 months. Israeli Shekel - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Venezuelan Bolivares to U.S. Dollar Spot Exchange Rate (EXVZUS) from Jan 1995 to Nov 2025 about Venezuela, exchange rate, currency, rate, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Nominal Broad U.S. Dollar Index (DTWEXBGS) from 2006-01-02 to 2025-11-28 about trade-weighted, broad, exchange rate, currency, goods, services, rate, indexes, and USA.