In 2025, Pietermaritzburg in South Africa ranked as the world's most dangerous city with a crime rate of 82 per 100,000 inhabitants. Five of the 10 cities with the highest crime rates worldwide are found in South Africa. The list does not include countries where war and conflict exist. South Africa dominates crime statistics When looking at crime rates, among the 10 most dangerous cities in the world, half of them are found in South Africa. The country is struggling with extremely high levels of inequality, and is struggling with high levels of crime and power outages, harming the country's economy and driving more people into unemployment and poverty. Crime in Latin America On the other hand, when looking at murder rates, Latin America dominates the list of the world's most dangerous countries. Violence in Latin America is caused in great part by drug trafficking, weapons trafficking, and gang wars.

In 2023, around 3,640.56 violent crimes per 100,000 residents were reported in Oakland, California. This made Oakland the most dangerous city in the United States in that year. Four categories of violent crimes were used: murder and non-negligent manslaughter; forcible rape; robbery; and aggravated assault. Only cities with a population of at least 200,000 were considered.

Turks and Caicos Islands saw a murder rate of ***** per 100,000 inhabitants, making it the most dangerous country for this kind of crime worldwide as of 2024. Interestingly, El Salvador, which long had the highest global homicide rates, has dropped out of the top 29 after a high number of gang members have been incarcerated. Meanwhile, Colima in Mexico was the most dangerous city for murders. Violent conflicts worldwide Notably, these figures do not include deaths that resulted from war or a violent conflict. While there is a persistent number of conflicts worldwide, resulting casualties are not considered murders. Partially due to this reason, homicide rates in Latin America are higher than those in Afghanistan or Syria. A different definition of murder in these circumstances could change the rate significantly in some countries. Causes of death Also, noteworthy is that murders are usually not random events. In the United States, the circumstances of murders are most commonly arguments, followed by narcotics incidents and robberies. Additionally, murders are not a leading cause of death. Heart diseases, strokes and cancer pose a greater threat to life than violent crime.

THIS DATASET WAS LAST UPDATED AT 8:10 AM EASTERN ON AUG. 23

OVERVIEW

2019 had the most mass killings since at least the 1970s, according to the Associated Press/USA TODAY/Northeastern University Mass Killings Database.

In all, there were 45 mass killings, defined as when four or more people are killed excluding the perpetrator. Of those, 33 were mass shootings . This summer was especially violent, with three high-profile public mass shootings occurring in the span of just four weeks, leaving 38 killed and 66 injured.

A total of 229 people died in mass killings in 2019.

The AP's analysis found that more than 50% of the incidents were family annihilations, which is similar to prior years. Although they are far less common, the 9 public mass shootings during the year were the most deadly type of mass murder, resulting in 73 people's deaths, not including the assailants.

One-third of the offenders died at the scene of the killing or soon after, half from suicides.

About this Dataset

The Associated Press/USA TODAY/Northeastern University Mass Killings database tracks all U.S. homicides since 2006 involving four or more people killed (not including the offender) over a short period of time (24 hours) regardless of weapon, location, victim-offender relationship or motive. The database includes information on these and other characteristics concerning the incidents, offenders, and victims.

The AP/USA TODAY/Northeastern database represents the most complete tracking of mass murders by the above definition currently available. Other efforts, such as the Gun Violence Archive or Everytown for Gun Safety may include events that do not meet our criteria, but a review of these sites and others indicates that this database contains every event that matches the definition, including some not tracked by other organizations.

This data will be updated periodically and can be used as an ongoing resource to help cover these events.

Using this Dataset

To get basic counts of incidents of mass killings and mass shootings by year nationwide, use these queries:

Mass killings by year

Mass shootings by year

To get these counts just for your state:

Filter killings by state

Definition of "mass murder"

Mass murder is defined as the intentional killing of four or more victims by any means within a 24-hour period, excluding the deaths of unborn children and the offender(s). The standard of four or more dead was initially set by the FBI.

This definition does not exclude cases based on method (e.g., shootings only), type or motivation (e.g., public only), victim-offender relationship (e.g., strangers only), or number of locations (e.g., one). The time frame of 24 hours was chosen to eliminate conflation with spree killers, who kill multiple victims in quick succession in different locations or incidents, and to satisfy the traditional requirement of occurring in a “single incident.”

Offenders who commit mass murder during a spree (before or after committing additional homicides) are included in the database, and all victims within seven days of the mass murder are included in the victim count. Negligent homicides related to driving under the influence or accidental fires are excluded due to the lack of offender intent. Only incidents occurring within the 50 states and Washington D.C. are considered.

Methodology

Project researchers first identified potential incidents using the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Supplementary Homicide Reports (SHR). Homicide incidents in the SHR were flagged as potential mass murder cases if four or more victims were reported on the same record, and the type of death was murder or non-negligent manslaughter.

Cases were subsequently verified utilizing media accounts, court documents, academic journal articles, books, and local law enforcement records obtained through Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests. Each data point was corroborated by multiple sources, which were compiled into a single document to assess the quality of information.

In case(s) of contradiction among sources, official law enforcement or court records were used, when available, followed by the most recent media or academic source.

Case information was subsequently compared with every other known mass murder database to ensure reliability and validity. Incidents listed in the SHR that could not be independently verified were excluded from the database.

Project researchers also conducted extensive searches for incidents not reported in the SHR during the time period, utilizing internet search engines, Lexis-Nexis, and Newspapers.com. Search terms include: [number] dead, [number] killed, [number] slain, [number] murdered, [number] homicide, mass murder, mass shooting, massacre, rampage, family killing, familicide, and arson murder. Offender, victim, and location names were also directly searched when available.

This project started at USA TODAY in 2012.

Contacts

Contact AP Data Editor Justin Myers with questions, suggestions or comments about this dataset at jmyers@ap.org. The Northeastern University researcher working with AP and USA TODAY is Professor James Alan Fox, who can be reached at j.fox@northeastern.edu or 617-416-4400.

This dataset is about book subjects. It has 5 rows and is filtered where the books is The most dangerous man in the world : the inside story on Julian Assange and the Wikileaks secrets. It features 10 columns including number of authors, number of books, earliest publication date, and latest publication date.

In 2022, the New Orleans-Metairie, LA metro area recorded the highest homicide rate of U.S. cities with a population over 250,000, at **** homicides per 100,000 residents, followed by the Memphis, TN-MS-AR metro area. However, homicide data was not recorded in all U.S. metro areas, meaning that there may be some cities with a higher homicide rate. St. Louis St. Louis, which had a murder and nonnegligent manslaughter rate of **** in 2022, is the second-largest city by population in Missouri. It is home to many famous treasures, such as the St. Louis Cardinals baseball team, Washington University in St. Louis, the Saint Louis Zoo, and the renowned Gateway Arch. It is also home to many corporations, such as Monsanto, Arch Coal, and Emerson Electric. The economy of St. Louis is centered around business and healthcare, and boasts ten Fortune 500 companies. Crime in St. Louis Despite all of this, St. Louis suffers from high levels of crime and violence. As of 2023, it was listed as the seventh most dangerous city in the world as a result of their extremely high murder rate. Not only does St. Louis have one of the highest homicide rates in the United States, it also reports one of the highest numbers of violent crimes. Despite high crime levels, the GDP of the St. Louis metropolitan area has been increasing since 2001.

ACOG staff collected vehicular crash data from the Statewide Analysis for Engineering & Technology (SAFE-T), an automated crash analysis and reporting system developed through a partnership between the Oklahoma Highway Safety Office, ODOT, and the University of Oklahoma Center for Intelligent Transportation Systems. Staff analyzed crash data from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2017. During this time period, there were 134,327 crashes across the TMA.Staff calculated regional high crash locations by using a Weighted Severity Index for crashes that occurred in a location during the five-year period of 2013 through 2017. This weighted severity index was calculated based on the number of vehicles involved, the number of serious injuries, and the number of fatalities a given area has had over the five-year period. Staff then calculated the most dangerous intersection within each city as well as the top 10 most dangerous intersections for bicyclists and pedestrians using the Weighted Severity Index.

Feature layer generated from running the Summarize Within solution. Traffic Collisions were summarized within Half-Mile Walking Distances from Schools

In 2024, the highest homicide rate among 22 Latin American and Caribbean countries surveyed was in Haiti, with around 62 murders committed per 100,000 inhabitants. Trinidad and Tobago came in second, with a homicide rate of 46, while Honduras ranked seventh, with 25. In the same year, the lowest rate was recorded in El Salvador, with a homicide rate of 1.9 per 100,000 inhabitants. A violence-ridden region Violence and crime are some of the most pressing problems affecting Latin American society nowadays. More than 40 of the 50 most dangerous cities in the world are located in this region, as well as one of the twenty countries with the least peace in the world according to the Global Peace Index. Despite governments’ large spending on security and high imprisonment rates, drug and weapon trafficking, organized crime, and gangs have turned violence into an epidemic that affects the whole region and a solution to this issue appears to be hardly attainable. The cost of violence in Mexico Mexico stands out as an example of the great cost that violence inflicts upon a country, since beyond claiming human lives, it also affects everyday life and has a negative impact on the economy. Mexicans have a high perceived level of insecurity, as they do not only fear becoming victims of homicide, but also of other common crimes, such as assault or rape. Such fear prevents people from performing everyday activities, for instance, going out at night, taking a taxi or going to the movies or the theater. Furthermore, the economic toll of violence in Mexico is more than considerable. For example, the cost of homicide and violent crime amounted to 2099.8 and 1778.1 billion Mexican pesos in 2023, respectively.

In 2024, South Africa ranked first in the crime index among African countries, with a score of **** index points. Nigeria was the second most dangerous country on the continent, obtaining **** points. The index evaluates the overall crime levels in a specific country. Several African countries scored between ** and ** points, indicating high crime levels. Escalating concerns: South Africans worry about crime and violence In 2024, South Africa had one of the highest proportions of respondents expressing concerns about crime and violence compared to other countries participating in an online study. Throughout the period examined, the percentage of participants worried about violence peaked at ** percent in March 2023. The escalating levels of violent crime currently witnessed in the country has caused this significant rise in concerned respondents. South Africa's organized crime landscape In 2023, South Africa ranked the ************* in organized crime compared to its African counterparts. The continent's most prevalent organized criminal activity was **************************************. Moreover, from a regional perspective, Southern African countries had the lowest organized crime rate.

Overview This dataset lists attributes or traits of the animals known as the dangerous seven (Lion, leopard, elephant, rhino, buffalo, hippo and crocodile). The data was collected with the intent of comparing each of the animals in a head to head battle. For all data collected on each animal, a scale of 1 to 10 (with 10 being the highest) was applied to normalize it. Normalizing metrics on a 1-10 scale allows for a consistent calculation of an overall rating. Absolute data on Weight and Speed was normalised or scaled 1-10. Using the source information on each animal, a score of 1 to 10 was applied to three additional metrics: Agility, Aggression and 'Weapon Factor'. Detailed information on these metrics is available in the Ratings section below.
To allow for a consistent head-to-head comparison, all data collected is for male animals. For all seven animals, the data showed that males had larger sizes and higher head-to-head combat traits.
Data has been collected and evaluated for both land and water, allowing for a comparison in both scenarios.

Reference List The data was compiled from multiple publicly available peer-reviewed documents, reports and guides by wildlife biologists and ecologists as follows:

1. Bailey, T. N. (1993). The African Leopard: Ecology and Behavior of a Solitary Felid. Columbia University Press.
2. Bertram, B. C. R. (1979). Serengeti predators and their social systems. In Serengeti: Dynamics of an Ecosystem (pp. 221–285). University of Chicago Press.
3. Dinerstein, E. (2011). The Return of the Unicorns: The Natural History and Conservation of the Greater One-Horned Rhinoceros. Columbia University Press.
4. Eltringham, S. K. (1999). The Hippos: Natural History and Conservation. Academic Press.
5. Estes, R. D. (1991). The Behavior Guide to African Mammals: Including Hoofed Mammals, Carnivores, Primates. University of California Press.
6. Hayward, M. W., & Kerley, G. I. H. (2005). Prey preferences of the lion (Panthera leo). Journal of Zoology, 267(3), 309–322.
7. Huchzermeyer, F. W. (2003). Crocodiles: Biology, Husbandry, and Diseases. CABI.
8. Kingdon, J. (2015). The Kingdon Field Guide to African Mammals (2nd ed.). Bloomsbury.
9. Shoshani, J. (1998). Understanding proboscidean evolution: a formidable task. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 13(12), 480–487.
10. Sinclair, A. R. E., & Arcese, P. (1995). Serengeti II: Dynamics, Management, and Conservation of an Ecosystem. University of Chicago Press.
11. Sunquist, M., & Sunquist, F. (2002). Wild Cats of the World. University of Chicago Press.
12. Whitman, K. L. (2006). Modelling, prediction and assessment of the social structure, population dynamics and conservation genetics of African lions. (Ph.D. dissertation, University of Minnesota).
13. Additional insights on speed and behavior are supported by articles such as Field & Stream’s “10 Most Powerful Animal Bites on the Planet” and reports from National Geographic.

Ratings, Weightings and Formula A) Assigning Weapon Factors (WF) 1–10 Scale WF represents an animal’s offensive capability based on its primary attack tools (bite, tusks, claws, etc.), evaluated through morphology and combat behavior.

Lions: Strong bite and retractable claws give them WF 8 (land), 4 (water). Rhino: Large horns lead to WF 6 (land), 2 (water). Hippo: Enormous canines result in WF 6 (land & water). Crocodile: Powerful jaws and death roll make them WF 8 (water), 6 (land). Buffalo: Curved horns grant WF 6 (land), 2 (water). Elephant: Tusks and trunk provide WF 6 (land), 2 (water). Leopard: Canines and claws allow WF 6 (land), 4 (water)

B) Assigning Agility Ratings (1–10 Scale)

Agility reflects an animal’s ability to maneuver quickly and effectively in its primary environment. These ratings are based on observed speed, maneuverability, and body structure.

Lions: On land, lions are highly agile with rapid acceleration and sharp turns, rated 8 on land; but dropping to 4 in water. Rhinos: Rhinos exhibit moderate agility on land (5 on land) and low agility in water (2 in water). Hippos: Hippos are bulky and relatively slow on land (3 on land); in water, they can make short, moderate movements (3 in water). Crocodiles: Crocodiles are moderately agile on land (5 on land) but highly agile in water (8 in water) thanks to their streamlined, aquatic design. Buffalo: Buffalo are moderately agile on land (6 on land) but less so in water (3 in water) due to their robust build. Elephants: Elephants are very low in agility on land (2 on land) and similarly low in water (2 in water), given their massive size. Leopards: Leopards excel on land with exceptional agility (9 on land) but are less agile in water (4 in water). This scale ensures consistent comparison of combat effectiveness.

C) Assigning Aggressiveness Ratings (1–10 Scale)

Aggressiveness reflects an animal’s willingness t...

Feature layer generated from running the Summarize Within solution. Traffic Collisions were summarized within alf_Mile_Walking_Distances_from_Schools_MP

In 2024, Pietermaritzburg in South Africa ranked first in the crime index among African cities, scoring **** index points. The six most dangerous areas on the continent were South African cities. Furthermore, Pretoria and Johannesburg followed, with a score of **** and **** points, respectively. The index estimates the overall level of crime in a specific territory. According to the score, crime levels are classified as very high (over 80), high (60-80), moderate (40-60), low (20-40), and very low (below 20). Contact crimes are common in South Africa Contact crimes in South Africa include violent crimes such as murder, attempted murder, and sexual offenses, as well as common assault and robbery. In fiscal year 2022/2023, the suburb of Johannesburg Central in the Gauteng province of South Africa had the highest number of contact crime incidents. Common assault was the main contributing type of offense to the overall number of contact crimes. Household robberies peak in certain months In South Africa, June, July, and December experienced the highest number of household robberies in 2023. June and July are the months that provide the most hours of darkness, thus allowing criminals more time to break in and enter homes without being detected easily. In December, most South Africans decide to go away on holiday, leaving their homes at risk for a potential break-in. On the other hand, only around ** percent of households affected by robbery reported it to the police in the fiscal year 2022/2023.

The average for 2017 based on 79 countries was 105 robberies per 100,000 people. The highest value was in Costa Rica: 1587 robberies per 100,000 people and the lowest value was in Oman: 1 robberies per 100,000 people. The indicator is available from 2003 to 2017. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Agriculture is one of the most dangerous U.S. occupations with high rates of injuries and fatalities, and especially more dangerous for children, having more young worker deaths than any other industry. Thus, safety education is essential in promoting safe and healthy working habits in agriculture. Augmented reality (AR) technology has great potential to enhance the effectiveness of safety education due to its high levels of system-user interactivity and media enjoyment. This study aims to: (1) develop Augmented Reality Intervention for Safety Education (ARISE), an AR 3D simulator that presents farm accident situations with immersive media technology, (2) examine the feasibility of ARISE, and (3) evaluate the potential of ARISE as an effective agricultural safety education program for farm parents and children. To test the feasibility of ARISE, we conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews with ten parent-child dyads at an extension office located in Maryland. Participants were farmers who owned and operated a family farm(s) with their child or children ages 5–13. The interviews included asking participants questions about their perceptions of farm risks, sources of risk education, and protection methods. In the next step, participants used ARISE with researcher guidance. After using the application, participants were asked questions about their experience using ARISE and suggestions for improvement. The interviews were then transcribed and analyzed following the conventional content analysis method. Three main themes emerged—demand (e.g., perceived risk and need for education; lack of farm safety education from school), acceptability (e.g., attitude toward AR technology; perceived realism; perceived ease of use; perceived usefulness), and implementation. These findings help us understand how an immersive experience can play an impactful role in enhancing agricultural safety. The feasibility of ARISE sheds light on the potential of AR technology for an innovative safety education program.

Crime severity index (violent, non-violent, youth) and weighted clearance rates (violent, non-violent), Canada, provinces, territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 1998 to 2024.

Moran's I indexes of residual spatial autocorrelation for MaxEnt models

Road accident key variables for top-most dangerous goods, means of containment and instigating events. Annual data is available from 2002.

Number and rate (per 100,000 population) of homicide victims, Canada and Census Metropolitan Areas, 1981 to 2024.