There were estimated to be over *********** business enterprises operating in the wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycle sector in the European Union in 2024, the most of any industry sector in this year.

This statistic shows top ten largest European public market investors in European tech companies. Norway's giant sovereign wealth fund, Norges Bank Investment Management, is the single largest European investor in European public tech companies, as measured by the size of its portfolio at the end of September 2019, accounting for 332 investments.

Top EU Countries with the Largest Hotels Industry, 2016 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

*************. is the largest company based in Europe by how many employees it has worldwide. The Irish-American IT services and consulting firm is based in Dublin, Ireland, although most of its employees are based elsewhere in the world. The company moved its headquarters from Bermuda to Ireland in the ***** in order to avail of low corporation tax rates, along with the access to EU markets which their Dublin HQ provides. Other large employers in Europe include the German giants of **********, *************, and *******, French companies such as ******, *********, and *********, as well as Russian firms such as *******, ******, and *********

Top EU Countries with the Largest Scientific Research and Development Industry, 2016 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

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Top EU Countries with the Largest Restaurants and Mobile Food Services Industry, 2016 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

The Europe IT Services Report is Segmented by Service Type (IT Consulting and Implementation, and More), End-User Enterprise Size (Small and Medium Enterprises, and Large Enterprises), Deployment Model (Onshore, Nearshore, and More), End-User Vertical (BFSI, Manufacturing, Government and Public Sector, and More), and Country (United Kingdom, Germany, France, and More). The Market Forecasts are Provided in Terms of Value (USD).

The main objective of the trade in goods statistics by enterprise characteristics (TEC) is to bridge two major statistical domains which have traditionally been compiled and used separately, business statistics and international trade in goods statistics (ITGS). Specifically, this new domain was created to answer questions such as:

• What kind of businesses are behind the trade flows of goods?
• What is the contribution of a particular activity sector to trade?
• What is the share of small and medium-sized enterprises to total trade?
• What is the share of enterprises that trade with a certain partner country and the amount of trade value they account for?

For this purpose, the trade in goods between countries is broken down by economic activity, size-class of enterprises, trade concentration, geographical diversification and products traded. The new information is used to carry out more sophisticated kinds of analysis, e.g. to evaluate the role of European companies in the context of globalisation or to assess the impact of international trade in goods on employment, production and value added, essential in a globalised world where economies are increasingly interconnected.

Available datasets

TEC data are grouped into ten datasets, each one focusing on a specific aspect:

1. Trade by activity sector and enterprise size class — Trade by activity sector and employment size class shows the contributions of economic activities and size classes (measured in terms of number of employees until 2021 and in term of number of employees and self-employed from 2022 reference year) to total trade. This allows the impact of international trade on employment to be analysed and the importance of small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs) to be estimated.

2. Concentration of trade by activity — International trade being typically dominated by a few businesses, this indicator shows the share of the total trade accounted for by the top 5, 10, 20, etc. companies.

3. Trade by partner country and activity — Trade by partner country shows how many companies were trading with certain partner countries or country zones, and the value they accounted for. This indicator enables the most typical export or import markets to be identified.

4. Trade by number of partner countries and activity — Trade by number of partner countries shows how geographically diversified the export markets are. For imports, it shows the number of countries from which goods are imported.

5. Trade by commodity and activity — Trade by commodity and activity sector allocates the trade of each commodity to the activity of the trading enterprise. This indicator shows which sectors were involved in the trading of each product group.

6. Trade by type of trader — This indicator provides information on how traders are involved in international trade. It shows the number of companies trading within only one flow or in both flows and the trade value these companies account for.

7. Trade by type of ownership — The type of ownership is referring to the concept of control and to affiliation of an enterprise. It indicates whether an enterprise is domestically or foreign controlled and, if domestically controlled, whether it has affiliates abroad or not. This indicator can be used to analyse the impact of globalisation on international trade and to estimate the importance of multinational companies for trade.

8. Trade by export intensity — Export intensity categorises enterprises according to the importance of foreign markets in their sales. It refers to the share of exports in total turnover.

9. Trade by activity sector — In comparison with trade by activity and enterprise size class (first dataset), this indicator provides more details on the activity sector (2- or 3-digit level) but does not contain information about the enterprise size.

10. Trade by partner country and size class — This indicator aims to give insights into the internationalisation of small- and medium sized enterprises. It complements indicator 3 on trade by partner country and activity by applying the same detailed breakdown of partner countries but categorising enterprises by size class instead of activity sector.

In the European Union (EU-27), Germany has been by far the leading producer of these goods, with **** million metric tons. In the period of consideration, the production volume in Germany reached the peak year at approximately **** million metric tons worth of products in 2011. That year, Italy, the second leading country in the EU-27, recorded a production volume of approximately **** million metric tons.

Top EU Countries with the Largest Legal Services Industry, 2016 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

Despite slightly growth, the Paper and Paperboard Manufacturing industry has struggled with the ever-increasing threat of digitalisation across Europe dampening paper usage. Revenue is expected to hike at a compound annual rate of 3.7% over the five years through 2025, including a 0% change in 2025 to reach €131.1 billion. This trend has largely been driving by significant hikes in revenue over the two years through 2022. Following a revenue surge in 2022, spurred by a 21% spike in global wood pulp prices, the industry soon faced a reversal as supply chain disruptions, energy price hikes and weakening demand for traditional paper products weighed on profitability. Events like the Red Sea crisis and fluctuating energy costs have compounded the operational challenges, with major manufacturers like UPM publicly warning about profit slumps and subdued revenue expectations into 2025. The industry’s performance has been shaped by both cyclical and structural forces. The digitisation of the European economy has steadily eroded consumption of conventional paper products, like newsprint, writing paper and printed receipts, as businesses, governments and consumers shift to digital alternatives. Particularly in digital frontrunners like Finland and Denmark, the transition has been swift, with initiatives such as e-receipts and cloud-based documentation denting demand for core outputs. Meanwhile, surging industrial energy prices throughout the EU has pressurised profit, forcing mill closures and rationalisation, particularly among producers of graphic and fine papers. Yet, the industry hasn't stood still, as record-high recycling rates and bold investments in recyclable and speciality packaging materials have enabled leading manufacturers to tap into sustainable demand segments. The ongoing shift towards electronic communications and media will continue to create challenging conditions for manufacturers over the coming years. The relentless march of digitalisation will further depress traditional paper consumption, with 5G adoption and cloud-based alternatives continuing to undermine demand for printing and writing papers. However, surging e-commerce volumes across Europe are expected to drive robust growth in paper-based packaging, benefitting companies like Smurfit Kappa and DS Smith who specialise in innovative, sustainable packaging solutions. Environmental regulation and consumer appetite for circular solutions will keep pushing the industry toward lower-carbon, recycled, and biodegradable products, forcing laggards to adapt or risk being left behind. Continuing investment in sustainability and automation within manufacturing facilities will put paper producers in a strong position to capitalise on a growing packaging and paper bag manufacturing market. Manufacturers in forest-rich countries like Finland and Sweden will sustain their competitive edge due to stable pulp inputs, while import-dependent peers in the UK and Italy risk further rationalisation unless they boost recycling or efficiency initiatives. Over the five years through 2030, revenue is slated to swell at a compound annual rate of 3.7% to €157.4 billion.

Top EU Countries with the Largest Water Transport Industry, 2016 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

European Union Imports from United States was US$355.76 Billion during 2024, according to the United Nations COMTRADE database on international trade. European Union Imports from United States - data, historical chart and statistics - was last updated on December of 2025.

Top EU Countries with the Largest Freight Rail Transports Industry, 2016 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

Europe and MENA Pulp Market is Segmented By Grade (Bleached Chemical Pulp (BCP), Dissolving Wood Pulp (DWP), Unbleached Kraft Pulp, and Mechanical Pulp), Application (Printing and Writing, Newsprint, Tissue, Carton board, Containerboard, and Other Applications), and Geography.

There were estimated to be approximately **** million small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the European Union in 2024, with the vast majority of these enterprises micro-sized firms which only employed fewer than nine people. A further **** million enterprises were small firms with between ** and ** employees, while ******* were medium-sized firms that had ** to *** employers. The contribution of SMEs to the European Economy Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) form the backbone of the European economy. These companies comprise around **** percent of all active businesses in Europe, while producing almost ** percent of total value added in the EU. These companies are not just economically important to the continent however, as they also form an important part of the cultural fabric of European communities, with SMEs being particularly important for rural regions and smaller towns.

Almost ** million employed by SMEs In 2024 SME’s in the European Union employed almost ** million people. In Europe’s biggest economy, Germany, SMEs employed **** million people, with over *** million people employed by small-sized enterprises alone.

Following a long history of stability and slow innovation, the dairy producers have been compelled to adapt rapidly as non-traditional dairy products, especially plant-based milks, make significant inroads among consumers not just for health and ethical reasons, but increasingly for taste. While some protection remains, like EU law reserves names like “milk” and “cheese” for animal-derived products, demand for classic dairy items is no longer unchallenged, pressuring processors to step up their marketing game, diversify product portfolios and invest heavily in both sustainability and product innovation. Revenue is projected to hike at a compound annual rate of 1.5% over the five years through 2025, including a shrink of 1.3% in 2025 to reach €289.8 billion. The industry has benefitted from export growth, which has mainly been fuelled by trade agreements and global market expansions, opening doors to lucrative export opportunities. Notably, those specialising in unique dairy products, like speciality cheeses, are reaping the benefits. European drinking milk volumes have gradually slumped, even as pandemic-induced home cooking temporarily buoyed demand in 2021. Input costs soared, with EU farm-gate milk prices peaking dramatically in late 2022 due to high feed and energy costs and supply disruptions amplified by the Russia–Ukraine conflict. While producers hiked prices to offset these cost shocks, driving a temporary revenue surge in 2022, profit has been squeezed as dairy processors struggled to pass on rising costs fully to price-sensitive consumers. Strength in exports, particularly artisan and PDO-certified cheeses, provided some offset, as Europe cemented its reputation for premium dairy on the global stage. Meanwhile, premiumisation and growing household incomes in core markets like Germany, France and the UK drove robust demand for value-added products like soft cheeses and dairy desserts. Dairy producers will contend with the swelling popularity of plant-based alternatives like oat, almond and soy milk. Thanks to cultural shifts driven by health, environmental sustainability and animal welfare concerns, demand for these alternatives is set to surge. In response, major dairy brands like Arla, Danone and FrieslandCampina are moving into the plant-based segment, while innovation in taste and texture is expected to intensify competition. At the same time, sustainability and organic production will dominate industry strategies, as the EU’s Green Deal pushes for at least a quarter of agricultural land to be organic by 2030. While this transition supports stronger profit, premium product categories and aligns with evolving consumer values, it’s likely to elevate both compliance and production costs. Adoption of advanced agri-tech and automation should drive operational efficiencies, but industry-wide growth will remain constrained by price-sensitive consumption patterns, regulatory shifts and ongoing geopolitical risks affecting export potential. Over the five years through 2030, industry revenue is projected to climb at a compound annual rate of 3% to reach an estimated €335.5 billion.

As of September 2022, Sweden-based Stora Enso had a net income of **** billion euros for the past 12 consecutive months. Finland and Sweden are home to several of the leading European forestry and paper companies, such as Svenksa Cellulosa (SCA) and UPM Kymmene.

The Europe Private Equity Market is Segmented by Fund Type (Buyout and Growth, Venture Capital, Mezzanine, and More), Sector (Technology, Healthcare, Real Estate, Financial Services, Industrials, Telecom, and More), Investments (Large Cap, Upper-Middle Market, and More), and Country (United Kingdom, Germany, France, Sweden, Italy, Spain, Netherlands and More). The Market Forecasts are Provided in Terms of Value (USD).