In 2024, Cargill was the largest private company in the United States, by revenue. That year, they had a revenue of 160 billion U.S. dollars. In comparison, gas station company QuikTrip made around 19.6 billion U.S. dollars. Cargill Cargill is a multinational corporation that focuses on agricultural services, crop and livestock, raw materials, and health and pharmaceuticals. Most of their business focuses on purchasing and distributing grain, palm oil, energy trade, and steel. It is a family-owned business headquartered in Minnetonka, Minnesota, and founded in 1865. It operates in over 60 countries, has about 150,000 employees, and is responsible for about a quarter of all United States grain exports. Additionally, it also supplies about a quarter of the domestic meat market. Largest U.S. companies United Healthcare Group was the largest health insurance company in 2018, while SC Johnson was the largest private household and personal care product company. United Healthcare is also headquartered in Minnetonka, Minnesota, while SC Johnson is headquartered in Racine, Wisconsin. United Healthcare is not only the largest health insurance company in the United States, but also worldwide. Furthermore, SC Johnson is one of the oldest family-owned companies in the country, and currently over owns over 20 brands.

This statistic shows the leading private household and personal care products companies in the United States in 2023, ranked by revenue. In 2023, SC Johnson had an estimated revenue of around 11 billion U.S. dollars.

Success.ai offers a cutting-edge solution for businesses and organizations seeking Company Financial Data on private and public companies. Our comprehensive database is meticulously crafted to provide verified profiles, including contact details for financial decision-makers such as CFOs, financial analysts, corporate treasurers, and other key stakeholders. This robust dataset is continuously updated and validated using AI technology to ensure accuracy and relevance, empowering businesses to make informed decisions and optimize their financial strategies.

Key Features of Success.ai's Company Financial Data:

Global Coverage: Access data from over 70 million businesses worldwide, including public and private companies across all major industries and regions. Our datasets span 250+ countries, offering extensive reach for your financial analysis and market research.

Detailed Financial Profiles: Gain insights into company financials, including revenue, profit margins, funding rounds, and operational costs. Profiles are enriched with key contact details, including work emails, phone numbers, and physical addresses, ensuring direct access to decision-makers.

Industry-Specific Data: Tailored datasets for sectors such as financial services, manufacturing, technology, healthcare, and energy, among others. Each dataset is customized to meet the unique needs of industry professionals and analysts.

Real-Time Accuracy: With continuous updates powered by AI-driven validation, our financial data maintains a 99% accuracy rate, ensuring you have access to the most reliable and up-to-date information available.

Compliance and Security: All data is collected and processed in strict adherence to global compliance standards, including GDPR, ensuring ethical and lawful usage.

Why Choose Success.ai for Company Financial Data?

Best Price Guarantee: We pride ourselves on offering the most competitive pricing in the industry, ensuring you receive unparalleled value for comprehensive financial data.

AI-Validated Accuracy: Our advanced AI algorithms meticulously verify every data point to ensure precision and reliability, helping you avoid costly errors in your financial decision-making.

Customized Data Solutions: Whether you need data for a specific region, industry, or type of business, we tailor our datasets to align perfectly with your requirements.

Scalable Data Access: From small startups to global enterprises, our platform caters to businesses of all sizes, delivering scalable solutions to suit your operational needs.

Comprehensive Use Cases for Financial Data:

1. Strategic Financial Planning:

Leverage our detailed financial profiles to create accurate budgets, forecasts, and strategic plans. Gain insights into competitors’ financial health and market positions to make data-driven decisions.

1. Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A):

Access key financial details and contact information to streamline your M&A processes. Identify potential acquisition targets or partners with verified profiles and financial data.

1. Investment Analysis:

Evaluate the financial performance of public and private companies for informed investment decisions. Use our data to identify growth opportunities and assess risk factors.

1. Lead Generation and Sales:

Enhance your sales outreach by targeting CFOs, financial analysts, and other decision-makers with verified contact details. Utilize accurate email and phone data to increase conversion rates.

1. Market Research:

Understand market trends and financial benchmarks with our industry-specific datasets. Use the data for competitive analysis, benchmarking, and identifying market gaps.

APIs to Power Your Financial Strategies:

Enrichment API: Integrate real-time updates into your systems with our Enrichment API. Keep your financial data accurate and current to drive dynamic decision-making and maintain a competitive edge.

Lead Generation API: Supercharge your lead generation efforts with access to verified contact details for key financial decision-makers. Perfect for personalized outreach and targeted campaigns.

Tailored Solutions for Industry Professionals:

Financial Services Firms: Gain detailed insights into revenue streams, funding rounds, and operational costs for competitor analysis and client acquisition.

Corporate Finance Teams: Enhance decision-making with precise data on industry trends and benchmarks.

Consulting Firms: Deliver informed recommendations to clients with access to detailed financial datasets and key stakeholder profiles.

Investment Firms: Identify potential investment opportunities with verified data on financial performance and market positioning.

What Sets Success.ai Apart?

Extensive Database: Access detailed financial data for 70M+ companies worldwide, including small businesses, startups, and large corporations.

Ethical Practices: Our data collection and processing methods are fully comp...

In 2023, Menards revenues were estimated to reach 13.4 billion U.S. dollars, making it the largest privately owned company in the United States retail sector. Menards is a chain of home improvement stores located in the Midwestern United States.

The U.S. manufacturing sector remains a global powerhouse, shaping countless products we rely on every day. From towering skyscrapers to intricate medical devices, American manufacturers drive innovation and economic growth. According to the National Association of Manufacturers, manufacturers in the United States perform more than three-quarters of all private-sector research and development (R&D) in the nation, driving more innovation than any other sector.

This private company dataset provides an in-depth view of any specific company’s truck-based supply chain and its relationships with other facilities and companies within the continental US.

Also, using robust supply chain data you will be able to map US facilities (including factories, warehouses, and retail outlets).

With this private company dataset, it is possible to track the movement of trucks and devices between locations to identify supply chain connections and company data insights.

Our Machine learning algorithms ingest 7-15bn daily events to estimate the volume of goods transported between locations. Consequently, we can map supply chain connections between:

•Different companies (expressed as a percentage of volume transported).

•Locations owned by the same company (e.g. warehouse to shop).

With this novel geolocation approach, it is possible to "draw" a knowledge graph of any private or public company´s relations with other companies within the country.

This solution, in the form of a dataset, provides an in-depth view of any specific company’s truck-based supply chain and its relationships with other facilities and companies within the continental United States.

Use cases:

• Identification and understanding of relations company-to-company: It helps to identify and infer relationships and connections between specific companies or facilities and between sectors/industries.

• Identification and understanding of relations place-to-place: A logistics and domestic distribution supply chain can be mapped, both nationwide and state-wide in the US, and across countries in Europe.

• Visualization and mapping of an entire supply chain network.

• Tracking of products in any distribution or supply chain.

• Risk assessment

• Correlation analysis.

• Disruption analysis.

• Analysis of illicit networks and tracking of illegal use of corporate assets.

• Improvement of casualty risk management.

• Optimization of supply chain risk management.

• Security and compliance.

• Identification of not only the first tier of suppliers in the value chain, but also 2nd and 3rd tier suppliers, and more.

Current largest use case: global corporation using it to model risk at a facility level (+100,000 locations).

Why should you trust PREDIK Data-Driven? In 2023, we were listed as Datarade's top providers. Why? Our solutions for private company data, supply chain data, and B2B data adapt according to the specific needs of companies. Also, PREDIK methodology focuses on the client and the necessary elements for the success of their projects.

In 2024, Love's Travel Stops & Country Stores generated revenues amounting to approximately ** billion U.S. dollars, making it the largest privately-owned company in the United States convenience store and gas station sector. QuickTrip, RaceTrac and Wawa all had relatively similar revenues.

Explore the Top 50 US Tech Companies Dataset with metrics like revenue, market cap, employee size, and more. Perfect for market research, business analysis, and AI projects.

Salutary Data is a boutique, B2B contact and company data provider that's committed to delivering high quality data for sales intelligence, lead generation, marketing, recruiting / HR, identity resolution, and ML / AI. Our database currently consists of 148MM+ highly curated B2B Contacts ( US only), along with over 4M+ companies, and is updated regularly to ensure we have the most up-to-date information.

We can enrich your in-house data ( CRM Enrichment, Lead Enrichment, etc.) and provide you with a custom dataset ( such as a lead list) tailored to your target audience specifications and data use-case. We also support large-scale data licensing to software providers and agencies that intend to redistribute our data to their customers and end-users.

What makes Salutary unique? - We offer our clients a truly unique, one-stop aggregation of the best-of-breed quality data sources. Our supplier network consists of numerous, established high quality suppliers that are rigorously vetted. - We leverage third party verification vendors to ensure phone numbers and emails are accurate and connect to the right person. Additionally, we deploy automated and manual verification techniques to ensure we have the latest job information for contacts. - We're reasonably priced and easy to work with.

Products: API Suite Web UI Full and Custom Data Feeds

Services: Data Enrichment - We assess the fill rate gaps and profile your customer file for the purpose of appending fields, updating information, and/or rendering net new “look alike” prospects for your campaigns. ABM Match & Append - Send us your domain or other company related files, and we’ll match your Account Based Marketing targets and provide you with B2B contacts to campaign. Optionally throw in your suppression file to avoid any redundant records. Verification (“Cleaning/Hygiene”) Services - Address the 2% per month aging issue on contact records! We will identify duplicate records, contacts no longer at the company, rid your email hard bounces, and update/replace titles or phones. This is right up our alley and levers our existing internal and external processes and systems.

This statistic shows the leading private timberland management companies in the United States in 2023, by land area managed in acres. At that time, the forest management company American Forest Management, LLC was the leading private timberland manager in the U.S., managing some **** million acres of U.S. timberland.

Success.ai’s LinkedIn Data Solutions offer unparalleled access to a vast dataset of 700 million public LinkedIn profiles and 70 million LinkedIn company records, making it one of the most comprehensive and reliable LinkedIn datasets available on the market today. Our employee data and LinkedIn data are ideal for businesses looking to streamline recruitment efforts, build highly targeted lead lists, or develop personalized B2B marketing campaigns.

Whether you’re looking for recruiting data, conducting investment research, or seeking to enrich your CRM systems with accurate and up-to-date LinkedIn profile data, Success.ai provides everything you need with pinpoint precision. By tapping into LinkedIn company data, you’ll have access to over 40 critical data points per profile, including education, professional history, and skills.

Key Benefits of Success.ai’s LinkedIn Data: Our LinkedIn data solution offers more than just a dataset. With GDPR-compliant data, AI-enhanced accuracy, and a price match guarantee, Success.ai ensures you receive the highest-quality data at the best price in the market. Our datasets are delivered in Parquet format for easy integration into your systems, and with millions of profiles updated daily, you can trust that you’re always working with fresh, relevant data.

API Integration: Our datasets are easily accessible via API, allowing for seamless integration into your existing systems. This ensures that you can automate data retrieval and update processes, maintaining the flow of fresh, accurate information directly into your applications.

Global Reach and Industry Coverage: Our LinkedIn data covers professionals across all industries and sectors, providing you with detailed insights into businesses around the world. Our geographic coverage spans 259M profiles in the United States, 22M in the United Kingdom, 27M in India, and thousands of profiles in regions such as Europe, Latin America, and Asia Pacific. With LinkedIn company data, you can access profiles of top companies from the United States (6M+), United Kingdom (2M+), and beyond, helping you scale your outreach globally.

Why Choose Success.ai’s LinkedIn Data: Success.ai stands out for its tailored approach and white-glove service, making it easy for businesses to receive exactly the data they need without managing complex data platforms. Our dedicated Success Managers will curate and deliver your dataset based on your specific requirements, so you can focus on what matters most—reaching the right audience. Whether you’re sourcing employee data, LinkedIn profile data, or recruiting data, our service ensures a seamless experience with 99% data accuracy.

• Best Price Guarantee: We offer unbeatable pricing on LinkedIn data, and we’ll match any competitor.
• Global Scale: Access 700 million LinkedIn profiles and 70 million company records globally.
• AI-Verified Accuracy: Enjoy 99% data accuracy through our advanced AI and manual validation processes.
• Real-Time Data: Profiles are updated daily, ensuring you always have the most relevant insights.
• Tailored Solutions: Get custom-curated LinkedIn data delivered directly, without managing platforms.
• Ethically Sourced Data: Compliant with global privacy laws, ensuring responsible data usage.
• Comprehensive Profiles: Over 40 data points per profile, including job titles, skills, and company details.
• Wide Industry Coverage: Covering sectors from tech to finance across regions like the US, UK, Europe, and Asia.

Key Use Cases:

• Sales Prospecting and Lead Generation: Build targeted lead lists using LinkedIn company data and professional profiles, helping sales teams engage decision-makers at high-value accounts.
• Recruitment and Talent Sourcing: Use LinkedIn profile data to identify and reach top candidates globally. Our employee data includes work history, skills, and education, providing all the details you need for successful recruitment.
• Account-Based Marketing (ABM): Use our LinkedIn company data to tailor marketing campaigns to key accounts, making your outreach efforts more personalized and effective.
• Investment Research & Due Diligence: Identify companies with strong growth potential using LinkedIn company data. Access key data points such as funding history, employee count, and company trends to fuel investment decisions.
• Competitor Analysis: Stay ahead of your competition by tracking hiring trends, employee movement, and company growth through LinkedIn data. Use these insights to adjust your market strategy and improve your competitive positioning.
• CRM Data Enrichment: Enhance your CRM systems with real-time updates from Success.ai’s LinkedIn data, ensuring that your sales and marketing teams are always working with accurate and up-to-date information.
• Comprehensive Data Points for LinkedIn Profiles: Our LinkedIn profile data includes over 40 key data points for every individual and company, ensuring a complete understandin...

Success.ai’s Private Company Data API offers businesses, investors, and analysts unparalleled access to detailed insights on over 70 million private companies worldwide. By delivering continuously updated, AI-validated firmographic data, this API helps you uncover hidden opportunities, perform thorough due diligence, and stay ahead of the competition.

Whether you’re evaluating potential partners, analyzing new markets, or refining investment strategies, Success.ai’s Private Company Data API provides the accuracy and reliability you need. Backed by our Best Price Guarantee, this solution ensures you can confidently make data-driven decisions and gain a competitive edge in a complex global marketplace.

Why Choose Success.ai’s Private Company Data API?

1. Comprehensive Global Coverage

   • Access profiles for private firms across North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and emerging markets.
   • Identify growth opportunities, niche segments, and innovative startups with confidence.

2. AI-Validated Accuracy

   • Benefit from 99% accuracy through AI-driven validation, reducing errors and enhancing your decision-making.
   • Trust that your data is always current, minimizing the risk of outdated or irrelevant information.

3. Continuous Data Updates

   • Real-time updates ensure you always work with the latest company information, including ownership changes, funding rounds, and revenue shifts.
   • Adapt swiftly to evolving market conditions, product launches, or M&A activities.

4. Ethical and Compliant

   • Fully adheres to GDPR, CCPA, and other global privacy standards, ensuring your data usage remains responsible and lawful.

Data Highlights:

• 70M+ Verified Company Profiles: Gain deep insights into private firms of all sizes and industries worldwide.
• Detailed Firmographics: Understand company sizes, revenue ranges, employee counts, and operational footprints.
• Continuously Updated: Keep tabs on emerging players, newly funded startups, and evolving business models.
• Best Price Guarantee: Secure maximum ROI by accessing top-tier private company data at the most competitive rates.

Key Features of the Private Company Data API:

1. Instant Data Enrichment

   • Enhance CRM systems, analytics platforms, or investment tools with verified private company data.
   • Eliminate manual research and ensure your team always operates with the latest intelligence.

2. Advanced Filtering and Query Capabilities

   • Query the API to refine searches by industry, revenue size, geographic location, or employee count.
   • Focus on high-potential targets aligned with your strategic goals or investment criteria.

3. Real-Time Validation and Reliability

   • Rely on AI-driven validation to maintain high data integrity and relevance.
   • Reduce operational risks by making decisions based on accurate, actionable insights.

4. Scalable and Flexible Integration

   • Easily incorporate the API into your existing workflows, eliminating data silos and manual data imports.
   • Adjust parameters as your business evolves, ensuring the data remains aligned with current priorities.

Strategic Use Cases:

1. Due Diligence and Investment Analysis

   • Evaluate potential acquisitions, investments, or partnerships with greater precision.
   • Reduce guesswork and accelerate deal cycles by having reliable data at your fingertips.

2. Market Research and Competitive Benchmarking

   • Analyze industry landscapes, track competitor performance, and identify untapped segments.
   • Inform product development and go-to-market strategies with fact-based insights.

3. Sales and Account-Based Marketing (ABM)

   • Prioritize high-value accounts, personalize outreach, and align messaging with firmographic indicators.
   • Improve conversion and retention rates by engaging targets who closely match your ICP (Ideal Customer Profile).

4. Vendor Selection and Supply Chain Management

   • Assess potential suppliers, distributors, or partners based on their operational scale and market presence.
   • Strengthen supply chains, reduce risks, and ensure stable growth through informed partner choices.

Why Choose Success.ai?

1. Best Price Guarantee

   • Access premium-quality private company data at the most competitive prices, maximizing ROI on every data-driven initiative.

2. Seamless Integration

   • Incorporate the API into your workflows, enhancing productivity and reducing manual data management.

3. Data Accuracy with AI Validation

   • Trust in 99% accuracy to guide strategic decisions, refine targeting, and maximize success across initiatives.

4. Customizable and Scalable Solutions

   • Tailor datasets to your unique business requirements, focusing on specific industries, regions, or company attributes as your needs evolve.

Additional APIs for Enhanced Functionality:

1. Data Enrichment API
   • Combin...

Discover verified Company Financial Data with Success.ai. Includes profiles of CFOs, financial analysts, and corporate treasurers with work emails and phone numbers. Continuously updated and AI-validated. Best price guaranteed.

The Forager.ai - US Company Dataset is a leading source of firmographic data, backed by advanced AI and offering the highest refresh rate in the industry.

| Volume and Stats |

• Over 16M total US company records, the highest volume in the industry today.
• Every company record refreshed twice a month, offering an unparalleled update frequency.
• Delivery is made every hour, ensuring you have the latest data at your fingertips.
• Each record is the result of an advanced AI-driven process, ensuring high-quality, accurate data.

| Use Cases |

Sales Platforms, ABM and Intent Data Platforms, Identity Platforms, Data Vendors:

• Map the comprehensive universe of companies globally, and acquire the latest firmographic data for all those records.
• Track company size and measure growth to determine sales propensity or to create an internal growth score.
• Enrich your existing company database with fresh, comprehensive data.

B2B Tech Companies:

• Enrich leads that sign-up through the Company Search API (available separately).
• Identify and map every company that fits your core personas and ICP.
• Build audiences to target, using key fields like location, company size, industry, and description.

Venture Capital and Private Equity:

• Discover new investment opportunities using company descriptions and industry-level data.
• Review the growth of private companies and benchmark their strength against competitors.
• Create high-level views of companies competing in popular verticals for investment.

| Delivery Options |

• Flat files via S3 or GCP
• PostgreSQL Shared Database
• PostgreSQL Managed Database
• API
• Other options available upon request, depending on the scale required

Our dataset provides a unique blend of volume, freshness, and detail that is perfect for Sales Platforms, B2B Tech, VCs & PE firms, Marketing Automation, ABM & Intent. It stands as a cornerstone in our broader data offering, ensuring you have the information you need to drive decision-making and growth.

Tags: Company Data, Company Profiles, Employee Data, Firmographic Data, AI-Driven Data, High Refresh Rate, Company Classification, Private Market Intelligence, Workforce Intelligence, Public Companies.

As of September 2023, the number of private equity and venture capital-backed companies amounted to over 62,000 in the United States. The sector with the highest number of PE/VC-backed companies was the technology, media and telecommunications one, accounting for nearly half of the total. By contrast, PE/VC-backed companies in the real estate sector amounted to 542.

Corporate Profits in the United States decreased to 3203.60 USD Billion in the first quarter of 2025 from 3312 USD Billion in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - United States Corporate Profits - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Analysis of ‘Fortune 1000’ provided by Analyst-2 (analyst-2.ai), based on source dataset retrieved from https://www.kaggle.com/winston56/fortune-500-data-2021 on 13 November 2021.

--- Dataset description provided by original source is as follows ---

Context

Every year Fortune, an American Business Magazine, publishes the Fortune 500, which ranks the top 500 corporations by revenue. This dataset includes the entire Fortune 1000, as opposed to just the top 500.

Content

The Fortune 1000 dataset is from the Fortune website, collected by the processes outlined in this notebook. It contains U.S. company data for the year 2021. The dataset is 1000 rows and 18 columns.

Features

• Company - values are the name of the company
• Rank - The 2021 rank established by Fortune (1-1000)
• Rank Change - The change in the rank from 2020 to 2021. There is only a rank change listed if the company is currently in the top 500 and was previously in the top 500.
• Revenue - Revenue of each company in millions. This is the criteria used to rank each company.
• Profit - Profit of each company in millions.
• Num. of Employees - The number of employees each company employs.
• Sector - The sector of the market the company operates in.
• City - The city where the company's headquarters is located.
• State - The state where the company's headquarters is located
• Newcomer - Indicates whether or not the company is new to the top Fortune 500 ("yes" or "no"). No value will be listed for companies outside of the top 500.
• CEO Founder - Indicates whether the CEO of the company is also the founder ("yes" or "no").
• CEO Woman - Indicates whether the CEO of the company is a woman ("yes" or "no").
• Profitable - Indicates whether the company is profitable or not ("yes" or "no").
• Prev. Rank - The 2020 rank of the company, as established by Fortune. There will only be previous rank data for the top 500 companies.
• CEO - The name of the CEO of the company
• Website - The url of the company website
• Ticker - The stock ticker symbol of public companies. Some rows will have empty values because the company is a private corporation.
• Market Cap - The market cap (or value) of the company in millions. Some rows will have empty values because the company is private. Market valuations were determined on January 20, 2021.

Inspiration

This dataset is made to explore the top corporations in the U.S. Answer questions such as: What percentage of companies have women ceo's? How many companies are newcomers? What percentage of companies have ceos who were also founders? What role does profitability play in ranking?

--- Original source retains full ownership of the source dataset ---

In 2024, the fastest growing private company in Florida was health services company ABA Centers of America. That year, they experienced a ********** growth rate of ****** percent. Following ABA Centers of America was Raw Sport Supplement Company, which had a ********** growth rate of ****** percent.

The United States private equity market reached a valuation of approximately $460 million in 2025 and is projected to expand at a CAGR of 11.00% from 2025 to 2033. The market's growth is primarily driven by increasing institutional investor participation, the proliferation of family offices, and the rising popularity of alternative investment strategies. Moreover, favorable government policies, such as tax incentives for private equity investments, and a supportive regulatory environment contribute to the market's expansion. Key trends shaping the market include the growing adoption of technology and data analytics in private equity operations, the increasing focus on ESG (environmental, social, and governance) factors, and the emergence of impact investing. The market is segmented based on investment type (large-cap, mid-cap, small-cap) and application (early-stage venture capitals, private equity, leveraged buyouts). Leading companies operating in the United States private equity market include The Blackstone Group, The Carlyle Group, KKR & Co., TPG Capital, and Warburg Pincus LLC, among others. Recent developments include: September 2023: Everton has been sold to 777 Partners, with the US private equity firm taking over from Farhad Moshiri in a deal reportedly worth more than USD 685 Million. The Miami-based investment fund had signed an agreement with British-Iranian billionaire Moshiri to acquire his 94.1 percent stake., March 2023: Cvent Holding Corp., an industry-leading meetings, events, and hospitality technology provider, has entered into a definitive agreement to be acquired by an affiliate of private equity funds managed by Blackstone in a transaction valued at an enterprise value of approximately USD 4.6 billion.. Key drivers for this market are: Low Interest Rates in United States and Abundant Capital is Driving the Market. Potential restraints include: Low Interest Rates in United States and Abundant Capital is Driving the Market. Notable trends are: Lower Interest Rates and Tax Benefits Raising the Private Equity Adaption In United States.

The ESG in the Top 100 US Private Equity Firms for the year 2022 dataset provides insights into the ESG practices and characteristics of the top 100 US PE firms for 2022, analyzed at the firm level.

The dataset is divided into two main categories. The first involves content analysis, where data from the corporate websites of leading US Private Equity Firms were combined to gather ESG-related information through manual analysis of 100 firms. Selection of the first 100 PE firms was based on the 2022 ranking from "Private Equity International," a global insights and data provider for the Private Equity industry. The study exclusively focuses on private equity firms with private equity as their primary investment strategy. The sample of 100 firms is constructed by substituting eliminated entities with subsequent ones from the 2022 Private Equity International rankings, concluding at the 116th ranked Private Equity Firm. The analysis remains flexible, encompassing terms such as 'CSR,' 'Responsible investing,' or 'Impact investing' as part of the exploration of the broad concept of ESG. ESG information from firm websites was categorized into Environmental (E), Social (S), Governance (G), and "Other" (covering factors outside these labels). Each primary category was further divided into two sub-categories: the first contributing to an E, S, G, or "Other" score, and the second encompassing ESG frameworks, signatories, certifications, or sponsorship.

The second part of the dataset is extracted from "Preqin," the leading dataset provider for the Private Equity industry. Variables were extracted from a large Preqin database, and only observations matching the initial 100 PE firms were retained. The data extracted pertained to performance (IRR) and characteristics such as firm size, investment strategy, total number of funds, average vintage, and total funds raised in the last 10 years. Occasional missing data were manually collected from Bloomberg, and observations with additional data collection were flagged in analyses to ensure methodological consistency.

The primary objective was to create an ESG score for assessing the ESG performance of a Private Equity Firm. The ESG-Score was determined by summing up individual scores for each ESG category: E-Score (Environmental), S-Score (Social), G-Score (Governance), and Other-Score. The Other-Score is an element in a company's ESG assessment that encompasses miscellaneous factors not precisely classified as environmental, social, or governance. Alongside the ESG score, an investigation was conducted to determine if Private Equity Firms had explicitly pledged to ESG frameworks. These analyses assessed whether the firms adhere to ESG frameworks, actively participate in ESG initiatives, possess ESG certifications, and are involved in ESG sponsorships.