The ArcGIS Online USGS Topographic Maps image service contains over 181,000 historical topographic quadrangle maps (quads) dating from 1879 to 2006. These maps are part of the USGS Historical Topographic Map Collection (HTMC) which includes all the historical quads that had been printed since the USGS topographic mapping program was initiated in 1879. Previously available only as printed lithographic copies, the historical maps were scanned “as is” to create high-resolution images that capture the content and condition of each map sheet. All maps were georeferenced, and map metadata was captured as part of the process.

For the Esri collection, the scanned maps were published as this ArcGIS Online image service which can be viewed on the web and allows users to download individual scanned images. Esri’s collection contains historical quads (excluding orthophotos) dating from 1879 to 2006 with scales ranging from 1:10,000 to 1:250,000. The scanned maps can be used in ArcGIS Pro, ArcGIS Online, and ArcGIS Enterprise. They can also be downloaded as georeferenced TIFs for use in these and other applications.

We make it easy for you to explore and download these maps, or quickly create an ArcGIS Online map, using our Historical Topo Map Explorer app. The app provides a visual interface to search and explore the historical maps by geographic extent, publication year, and map scale. And you can overlay the historical maps on a satellite image or 3D hillshade and add labels for current geographic features.

The ArcGIS Online US Geological Survey (USGS) topographic map collection now contains over 177,000 historical quadrangle maps dating from 1882 to 2006. The USGS Historical Topographic Map Explorer app brings these maps to life through an interface that guides users through the steps for exploring the map collection:Find a location of interest.View the maps.Compare the maps.Download and share the maps or open them in ArcGIS Desktop (ArcGIS Pro or ArcMap) where places will appear in their correct geographic location. Save the maps in an ArcGIS Online web map.

Finding the maps of interest is simple. Users can see a footprint of the map in the map view before they decide to add it to the display, and thumbnails of the maps are shown in pop-ups on the timeline. The timeline also helps users find maps because they can zoom and pan, and maps at select scales can be turned on or off by using the legend boxes to the left of the timeline. Once maps have been added to the display, users can reorder them by dragging them. Users can also download maps as zipped GeoTIFF images. Users can also share the current state of the app through a hyperlink or social media. This ArcWatch article guides you through each of these steps: https://www.esri.com/esri-news/arcwatch/1014/envisioning-the-past.Once signed in, users can create a web map with the current map view and any maps they have selected. The web map will open in ArcGIS Online. The title of the web map will be the same as the top map on the side panel of the app. All historical maps that were selected in the app will appear in the Contents section of the web map with the earliest at the top and the latest at the bottom. Turning the historical maps on and off or setting the transparency on the layers allows users to compare the historical maps over time. Also, the web map can be opened in ArcGIS Desktop (ArcGIS Pro or ArcMap) and used for exploration or data capture.Users can find out more about the USGS topograhic map collection and the app by clicking on the information button at the upper right. This opens a pop-up with information about the maps and app. The pop-up includes a useful link to a USGS web page that provides access to documents with keys explaining the symbols on historic and current USGS topographic maps. The pop-up also has a link to send Esri questions or comments about the map collection or the app.We have shared the updated app on GitHub, so users can download it and configure it to work with their own map collections.

From https://www.usgs.gov/core-science-systems/national-geospatial-program/national-map :"The National Map is a suite of products and services that provide access to base geospatial information to describe the landscape of the United States and its territories. The National Map embodies 11 primary products and services and numerous applications and ancillary services. The National Map supports data download, digital and print versions of topographic maps, geospatial data services, and online viewing. Customers can use geospatial data and maps to enhance their recreational experience, make life-saving decisions, support scientific missions, and for countless other activities. Nationally consistent geospatial data from The National Map enable better policy and land management decisions and the effective enforcement of regulatory responsibilities. The National Map is easily accessible for display on the Web through such products as topographic maps and services and as downloadable data. The geographic information available from The National Map includes boundaries, elevation, geographic names, hydrography, land cover, orthoimagery, structures, and transportation. The majority of The National Map effort is devoted to acquiring and integrating medium-scale (nominally 1:24,000 scale) geospatial data for the eight base layers from a variety of sources and providing access to theresulting seamless coverages of geospatial data. The National Map also serves as the source of base mapping information for derived cartographic products, including 1:24,000 scale US Topo maps and georeferenced digital files of scanned historic topographic maps. Data sets and products from The National Map are intended for use by government, industry, and academia—focusing on geographic information system (GIS) users—as well as the public, especially in support of recreation activities. Other types of georeferenced or mapping information can be added within The National Map Viewer or brought in with The National Map data into a GIS to create specific types of maps or map views and (or) to perform modeling or analyses."

This Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) compliant Web Map Service (WMS) includes a mosaic of historical USGS topographic maps of New Jersey surveyed from 1881 to 1924. This product is to be used for reference purposes only. The original historical paper maps were distorted or damaged to varying degrees due to age and use. During visual testing, it appeared that spatial inaccuracies in the images exceed 200 feet in several locations. The digital product has not been corrected for distortion nor vertical displacement. Consequently, this product does not meet the National Standard for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA). The mosaic was produced by scanning 15 minute (1:62,500 scale) historical USGS topographic paper maps at 600 dpi and saving them as Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) images. The scanned TIFFs have an approximate pixel resolution of 17 feet. The map images were georeferenced to a fishnet in their native coordinate system and then reprojected to NAD83 NJ State Plane coordinates for use in this service. In most client software, the default spatial reference system of the service will be Geographic Coordinates, WGS84. Several other coordinate systems are supported natively by the WMS (see Supplemental Information).

The Historical Map and Chart Collection of the Office of Coast Survey contains over 35000 historical maps and charts from the mid 1700s up through the 2020s, including the final cancelled editions of NOAA's raster charts. These images are available for viewing or download through the image catalog at https://historicalcharts.noaa.gov/. The Collection includes some of the nation's earliest nauti...

December 1995, June 2001

The National Map provides core geographic data about the United States and its territories. The National Map supports data download, digital and print versions of topographic maps, geospatial data services, and online viewing. Data include: Elevation, Orthoimagery, Hydrography, Geographic Names, Boundaries, Transportation, Structures, and Land Cover, while products include: US Topo and Historical Topo Maps. The National Map Viewer also allows visualization and identification queries (but not downloads) of Other Featured Data, to include Scanned Topo Maps, Ecosystems, Protected Areas, Gap Analysis Program Land Cover, Wetlands, Public Land Survey System, and National Park Service Boundaries. Also included is a Natural Hazards panel to view hazards-related information, such as for earthquakes, floods, wildfires, and weather, along with the U.S. National Grid for emergency response.

Abstract

This dataset and its metadata statement were supplied to the Bioregional Assessment Programme by a third party and are presented here as originally supplied.

This dataset contains 4 different scale GEODATA TOPO series, Geoscience Australia topographic datasets. 1M, 2.5M, 5M and 10M with age ranges from 2001 to 2004.

1:1 Million - Global Map Australia 1M 2001 is a digital dataset covering the Australian landmass and island territories, at a 1:1 million scale. Product Specifications -Themes: It consists of eight layers of information: Vector layers - administrative boundaries, drainage, transportation and population centres Raster layers - elevation, vegetation, land use and land cover -Coverage: Australia -Currency: Variable, based on GEODATA TOPO 250K Series 1 -Coordinates: Geographical -Datum: GDA94, AHD -Medium: Free online -Format: -Vector: ArcInfo Export, ESRI Shapefile, MapInfo mid/mif and Vector Product Format (VPF) -Raster: Band Interleaved by Line (BIL)

1:2.5 Million - GEODATA TOPO 2.5M 2003 is a national seamless data product aimed at regional or national applications. It is a vector representation of the Australian landscape as represented on the Geoscience Australia 2.5 million general reference map and is suitable for GIS applications. The product consists of the following layers: built-up areas; contours; drainage; framework; localities; offshore; rail transport; road transport; sand ridges; Spot heights; and waterbodies. It is a vector representation of the Australian landscape as represented on the Geoscience Australia 1:2.5 million scale general reference maps. This data supersedes the TOPO 2.5M 1998 product through the following characteristics: developed according to GEODATA specifications derived from GEODATA TOPO 250K Series 2 data where available. Product Specifications Themes: GEODATA TOPO 2.5M 2003 consists of eleven layers: built-up areas; contours; drainage; framework; localities; offshore; rail transport; road transport; sand ridges; spot heights; and waterbodies Coverage: Australia Currency: 2003 Coordinates: Geographical Datum: GDA94, AHD Format: ArcInfo Export, ArcView Shapefile and MapInfo mid/mif Medium: Free online - Available in ArcInfo Export, ArcView Shapefile and MapInfo mid/mif

1:5 Million - GEODATA TOPO 5M 2004 is a national seamless data product aimed at regional or national applications. It is a vector representation of the Australian landscape as represented on the Geoscience Australia 5 million general reference map and is suitable for GIS applications. Offshore and sand ridge layers were sourced from scanning of the original 1:5 million map production material. The remaining nine layers were derived from the GEODATA TOPO 2.5M 2003 dataset. Free online. Available in ArcInfo Export, ArcView Shapefile and MapInfo mid/mif. Product Specifications: Themes: consists of eleven layers: built-up areas; contours; drainage; framework; localities; offshore; rail transport; road transport; sand ridges, spot heights and waterbodies Coverage: Australia Currency: 2004 Coordinates: Geographical Datum: GDA94, AHD Format: ArcInfo Export, ArcView Shapefile and MapInfo mid/mif Medium: Free online

1:10 Million - The GEODATA TOPO 10M 2002 version of this product has been completely revised, including the source information. The data is derived primarily from GEODATA TOPO 250K Series 1 data. In October 2003, the data was released in double precision coordinates. It provides a fundamental base layer of geographic information on which you can build a wide range of applications and is particularly suited to State-wide and national applications. The data consists of ten layers: built-up areas, contours, drainage, Spot heights, framework, localities, offshore, rail transport, road transport, and waterbodies. Coverage: Australia Currency: 2002 Coordinates: Geographical Datum: GDA94, AHD Format: ArcInfo Export, Arcview Shapefile and MapInfo mid/mif Medium: Free online

Dataset History

1:1Million - Vector data was produced by generalising Geoscience Australia's GEODATA TOPO 250K Series 1 data and updated using Series 2 data where available in January 2001. Raster data was sourced from USGS and updated using GEODATA 9 Second DEM Series 2, 1:5 million, Vegetation - Present (1988) and National Land and Water Resources data. However, updates have not been subjected to thorough vetting. A more detailed land use classification for Australia is available at www.nlwra.gov.au.

Full Metadata - http://www.ga.gov.au/metadata-gateway/metadata/record/gcat_48006

1:2.5Million - Data for the Contours, Offshore, and Sand ridge layers was captured from 1:2.5 million scale mapping by scanning stable base photographic film positives of the original map production material. The key source material for Built-up areas, Drainage, Spot heights, Framework, Localities, Rail transport, Road transport and Waterbodies layers was GEODATA TOPO 2.5M 2003

Full Metadata - http://www.ga.gov.au/metadata-gateway/metadata/record/gcat_60804

1:5Million - Offshore and Sand Ridge layers have been derived from 1:5M scale mapping by scanning stable base photographic film positives of the various layers of the original map production material. The remaining layers were sourced from the GEODATA TOPO 2.5M 2003 product.

Full Metadata - http://www.ga.gov.au/metadata-gateway/metadata/record/gcat_61114

1:10Million - The key source for production of the Builtup Areas, Drainage, Framework, Localities, Rail Transport, Road Transport and Waterbodies layers was the GEODATA TOPO 250K Series 1 product. Some revision of the Builtup Areas, Road Transport, Rail Transport and Waterbodies layers was carried out using the latest available satelite imagery. The primary source for the Spot Heights, Contours and Offshore layers was the GEODATA TOPO 10M Version 1 product. A further element to the production of GEODATA TOPO 10M 2002 has been the datum shift from the Australian Geodetic Datum 1966 (AGD66) to the Geocentric Datum of Australia 1994 (GDA94).

Full Metadata - http://www.ga.gov.au/metadata-gateway/metadata/record/gcat_60803

Dataset Citation

Geoscience Australia (2001) Geoscience Australia GEODATA TOPO series - 1:1 Million to 1:10 Million scale. Bioregional Assessment Source Dataset. Viewed 09 October 2018, http://data.bioregionalassessments.gov.au/dataset/310c5d07-5a56-4cf7-a5c8-63bdb001cd1a.

This is a MD iMAP hosted service layer. Find more information at http://imap.maryland.gov. This data layer contains the Province-level physiographic subdivisions of Maryland in ArcGIS format. The file was developed from components of a detailed digital physiographic map of Maryland by James P. Reger and Emery T. Cleaves - currently in progress. Physiography is the study and classification of the natural landscape of the earth and the landforms that comprise it. The approach for the detailed physiographic map of Maryland is hierarchical and descriptive. Subdivisions are based on similarities (within) and differences (among) geologic structure - rock type - geomorphic history - and topographic characteristics. Data and subdivisions were compiled at a 1:100 - 000 scale for the detailed state-wide map. The hierarchical classification of the detailed physiographic map (in progress) includes subdivisions as follows - in descending order (and generally decreasing size): Province - Section - Region - District - Area. In Maryland there are portions of five physiographic Provinces. In this file - the polygons reflect Province level subdivision. The polygon feature attribute table has been developed to pertain only to the Provinces level. The table includes information on dominant rock types - geologic structure - topographic relief - and drainage pattern.Physiography is the study and classification of the natural landscape of the earth and the landforms that comprise it. The approach for the detailed physiographic map of Maryland is hierarchical and descriptive. Subdivisions are based on similarities (within) and differences (among) geologic structure - rock type - geomorphic history - and topographic characteristics. Data and subdivisions were compiled at a 1:100 - 000 scale for the detailed state-wide map. The hierarchical classification of the detailed physiographic map (in progress) includes subdivisions as follows - in descending order (and generally decreasing size): Province - Section - Region - District - Area. In Maryland there are portions of five physiographic Provinces. In this file - the polygons reflect Province level subdivision. The polygon feature attribute table has been developed to pertain only to the Provinces level. The table includes information on dominant rock types - geologic structure - topographic relief - and drainage pattern. Last Updated: Feature Service Layer Link: https://mdgeodata.md.gov/imap/rest/services/Geoscientific/MD_Geology/MapServer ADDITIONAL LICENSE TERMS: The Spatial Data and the information therein (collectively "the Data") is provided "as is" without warranty of any kind either expressed implied or statutory. The user assumes the entire risk as to quality and performance of the Data. No guarantee of accuracy is granted nor is any responsibility for reliance thereon assumed. In no event shall the State of Maryland be liable for direct indirect incidental consequential or special damages of any kind. The State of Maryland does not accept liability for any damages or misrepresentation caused by inaccuracies in the Data or as a result to changes to the Data nor is there responsibility assumed to maintain the Data in any manner or form. The Data can be freely distributed as long as the metadata entry is not modified or deleted. Any data derived from the Data must acknowledge the State of Maryland in the metadata.

Analysis of historical maps and Landsat imagery suggests coastal glaciers in the western Prince William Sound have retreated since the end of the Little Ice Age, with a period of accelerated retreat after 2004/06. I develop a multi-temporal inventory of 43 glaciers based on historical field observations, topographic maps, and Landsat imagery. Area and length measurements are derived from digitized outlines, and center lines calculated using a semi-automatic, geographic information system-based algorithm. Land-based glaciers retreated at a rate of 22 m a-1 from ~1950 to 2004/06 and peaked to 48 m a-1 after 2004/06. From ~1950 to 2018, the total area of land-based glaciers decreased by 228 km2, with 36% of the glacier loss occurring after 2004/06. Tidewater glaciers reacted asynchronously compared to land-based glaciers, with differing rates of area and length loss. Evaluation of climate trends indicates increasing temperatures and decreasing winter precipitation in the study area.

Historical topographic maps of the study area provide the spatial data needed to extend glacier length change and area chronologies to the 1950s. The 21 maps I obtained for this study are available for download in a georeferenced format from the USGS (https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/topoview/viewer/#4/40.00/-100.00), allowing for use in geographical information systems (GIS) without further processing. The maps span 1951-1960 and are produced at the 1:63,360 scale from aerial photographs acquired from 1948-1957. I access Landsat images from an online service portal (ESRI, 2019). The images are georeferenced and orthorectified by USGS, allowing for direct integration into GIS. The images, at 30-60 m resolution, provide the spatial data for the repeat measurement of glacier outlines spanning 1973-2018. Previous studies provided Little Ice Age maximums for eight of the land-based glaciers analyzed in this study (Barclay et al., 2003; Wiles et al., 1999).

I manually digitize outlines from historical maps, topographic maps, and Landsat images for glaciers 10 km2 or larger. Each study glacier is identified by a project identification number; Global Land Ice Measurements (GLIMS) and Randolph Glacier Inventory (RGI) identification numbers; and glacier name, if available. I manually digitize and adjust glacier boundaries based on the interpretation of 1950/57 topographic maps and Landsat images acquired in 1973/75, 1986, 1994, 2004/06, and 2018. Glacier length changes are measured from the intersection of the center line with each glacier terminus. I repeat measurements for 1950/57 topographic maps and the Landsat images acquired in 1973/75, 1986, 1994, 2004/06, and 2018, resulting in a glacier length change chronology for each glacier. For a subset of eight glaciers, I measure length changes to the digitized LIA maximum terminus positions identified in previous studies.

This is a tiled collection of the 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) and is one meter resolution. The 3DEP data holdings serve as the elevation layer of The National Map, and provide foundational elevation information for earth science studies and mapping applications in the United States. Scientists and resource managers use 3DEP data for hydrologic modeling, resource monitoring, mapping and visualization, and many other applications. The elevations in this DEM represent the topographic bare-earth surface. USGS standard one-meter DEMs are produced exclusively from high resolution light detection and ranging (lidar) source data of one-meter or higher resolution. One-meter DEM surfaces are seamless within collection projects, but, not necessarily seamless across projects. The spatial reference used for tiles of the one-meter DEM within the conterminous United States (CONUS) is Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) in units of meters, and in conformance with the North American Datum of 1983 ...

The High Resolution Digital Elevation Model (HRDEM) product is derived from airborne LiDAR data (mainly in the south) and satellite images in the north. The complete coverage of the Canadian territory is gradually being established. It includes a Digital Terrain Model (DTM), a Digital Surface Model (DSM) and other derived data. For DTM datasets, derived data available are slope, aspect, shaded relief, color relief and color shaded relief maps and for DSM datasets, derived data available are shaded relief, color relief and color shaded relief maps. The productive forest line is used to separate the northern and the southern parts of the country. This line is approximate and may change based on requirements. In the southern part of the country (south of the productive forest line), DTM and DSM datasets are generated from airborne LiDAR data. They are offered at a 1 m or 2 m resolution and projected to the UTM NAD83 (CSRS) coordinate system and the corresponding zones. The datasets at a 1 m resolution cover an area of 10 km x 10 km while datasets at a 2 m resolution cover an area of 20 km by 20 km. In the northern part of the country (north of the productive forest line), due to the low density of vegetation and infrastructure, only DSM datasets are generally generated. Most of these datasets have optical digital images as their source data. They are generated at a 2 m resolution using the Polar Stereographic North coordinate system referenced to WGS84 horizontal datum or UTM NAD83 (CSRS) coordinate system. Each dataset covers an area of 50 km by 50 km. For some locations in the north, DSM and DTM datasets can also be generated from airborne LiDAR data. In this case, these products will be generated with the same specifications as those generated from airborne LiDAR in the southern part of the country. The HRDEM product is referenced to the Canadian Geodetic Vertical Datum of 2013 (CGVD2013), which is now the reference standard for heights across Canada. Source data for HRDEM datasets is acquired through multiple projects with different partners. Since data is being acquired by project, there is no integration or edgematching done between projects. The tiles are aligned within each project. The product High Resolution Digital Elevation Model (HRDEM) is part of the CanElevation Series created in support to the National Elevation Data Strategy implemented by NRCan. Collaboration is a key factor to the success of the National Elevation Data Strategy. Refer to the “Supporting Document” section to access the list of the different partners including links to their respective data.

Since 1906, the Atlas of Canada has offered a rich treasury of geographic information including hundreds of online maps about Canada's environment, society, economy and history. Coverage includes: (1) Toporama continuous map coverage for all of Canada from national to regional and local topographic scales; (2) Reference Maps encompassing international, national and provincial maps in addition to basic black and white outline maps that include capital city locations and/or names; (3) Map Archives including all past six editions, federal election and poster maps and many others; (4) Wall Maps providing a description and purchasing information for a series of national and international printed wall maps produced by the Atlas of Canada; and (5) Selected Thematic Maps providing a selection of downloadable thematic maps produced by the Atlas of Canada.

The purpose of this project is to map the surficial geology of the sea floor of Historic Area Remediation Site (HARS) and changes in surficial characteristics over time. This GIS project presents multibeam and other data in a digital format for analysis and display by scientists, policy makers, managers and the general public.

The data set consists of: Seafloor topography and backscatter intensity of HARS Boundary of the Cellar Dirt Disposal Site Locations of Dredged Material Placed in the HARS Sediment Texture Samples Taken in the HARS in 1996 and 1998

Open-File Report 00-503 may be ordered on DVD from USGS Information Services. The DVD contains the GIS data, which are not available online, due to size

http://www.earthplatform.com/

This is a tiled collection of the 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) and is 1/3 arc-second (approximately 10 m) resolution. The 3DEP data holdings serve as the elevation layer of The National Map, and provide foundational elevation information for earth science studies and mapping applications in the United States. Scientists and resource managers use 3DEP data for hydrologic modeling, resource monitoring, mapping and visualization, and many other applications. The elevations in this DEM represent the topographic bare-earth surface. The seamless 1/3 arc-second DEM layers are derived from diverse source data that are processed to a common coordinate system and unit of vertical measure. These data are distributed in geographic coordinates in units of decimal degrees, and in conformance with the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). All elevation values are in meters and, over the continental United States, are referenced to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88). The seamless ...

This provides a polygon coastline and islands layer which is based on the Topo50 products. It is a combination of the following layers:

• NZ Coastlines (Topo 1:50k)
• NZ Island Polygons (Topo 1:50k)
• NZ Auckland Is Island Polygons (Topo, 1:50k)
• NZ Campbell Is / Motu Ihupuku Island Polygons (Topo, 1:50k)
• NZ Antipodes Is Island Polygons (Topo, 1:25k)
• NZ Kermadec Is Island Polygons (Topo, 1:25k)
• NZ Bounty Is Island Polygons (Topo, 1:25k)
• NZ Snares Is / Tini Heke Island Polygons (Topo, 1:25k)
• NZ Chatham Is island polygons (Topo, 1:50k)

This topographic coastline is the line forming the boundary between the land and sea, defined by mean high water.

Islands from the NZ Island Polygons layer that lie within the NZ Coastline and Chatham Islands areas (i.e. islands in lakes, rivers and estuaries) have been removed.

The GIS workflow to create the layer is:

1. NZ Coastlines were converted from a polyline to a polygon using a polyline to polygon tool.
2. The resulting coastal polygon was then used as an input into an erase tool and run against the NZ Island Polygon layer to remove all islands lying within the NZ Mainland and Stewart Island.
3. This was then merged with the NZ Chatham Is island polygons (Topo, 1:50k) that have had the islands within the main island polygon removed, NZ Auckland Is Island Polygons (Topo, 1:50k), NZ Campbell Is / Motu Ihupuku Island, NZ Antipodes Is Island Polygons (Topo, 1:25k), NZ Kermadec Is Island Polygons (Topo, 1:25k), NZ Bounty Is Island Polygons (Topo, 1:25k) and NZ Snares Is / Tini Heke Island Polygons (Topo, 1:25k) layers using a merge tool.

For more detailed description of each layer refer to the layer urls above.

APIs and web services This dataset is available via ArcGIS Online and ArcGIS REST services, as well as our standard APIs. LDS APIs and OGC web services ArcGIS Online map services ArcGIS REST API

This dataset provides river name lines for mainland New Zealand. It is part of a pilot to understand the benefit of combining river names and location, and making these openly available through the LINZ Data Service.

Unnamed rivers are also included in this dataset.

How this data can be used

Together with the NZ River Name Polygons (Pilot) dataset, these are the first openly available datasets with NZ river names attributed to geometry features (lines and polygons). This data can be used for searching for a named river and zooming to its extents, extracting geometries of a named river, creating digital cartographic products displaying river names, and analysing other features against named rivers (e.g. identifying buildings or properties within a specified distance of a particular river).

Data vintage

The river names and extents in this dataset are based on the cartographic text shown on NZ Topo50 maps as of December 2018, and are an approximation and should not be taken as official. Further details are included in the 'Naming Extents Methodology' section in the 'Lineage' of this metadata. Please refer to the NZ River Name Lines and Polygons (Pilot) Data Dictionary for detailed metadata and information about this dataset.

Related data

NZ River Name Polygons (Pilot) - contains larger rivers captured as polygon features instead of lines.

We recommend using the two river name datasets with the following NZ Topo50 layers for connectivity and visualisation of inland hydrographic features.

• NZ Coastlines (Topo, 1:50k)

• NZ Island Polygons (Topo, 1:50k)

• NZ Lagoon Polygons (Topo, 1:50k)

• NZ Lake Polygons (Topo, 1:50k)

• NZ Pond Polygons (Topo, 1:50k)

• NZ Swamp Polygons (Topo, 1:50k)

The NZ River Name Lines and Polygons (Pilot) Data Dictionary provides details on how to download the matching time period snapshots of this data.

Please note

• Official geographic names as listed in the New Zealand Gazetteer of place names must be used in all official documents as per the New Zealand Geographic Board (Ngā Pou Taunaha o Aotearoa) Act 2008.

• This pilot dataset is unlikely to be updated, however feedback will be used for future enhancements to LINZ river datasets.

APIs and web services This dataset is available via ArcGIS Online and ArcGIS REST services, as well as our standard APIs. LDS APIs and OGC web services ArcGIS Online map services

This is a spatial dataset that defines the non-designated geographic extent and location of Historic Parklands in England, as depicted in the OS Historic Maps (2nd Edition and Hills Edition). Regularly updated aerial imagery has been used to ensure high spatial accuracy. The mapping scale is 1:1,000. This dataset, alongside the designated landscapes within the Historic England Registered Parks and Gardens layers, and HER searches can provide a comprehensive understanding of the maximum historic extent of Parklands.Historic parklands are uniquely placed to deliver integrated multi-objective benefits for the historic and natural environments. They are a finite and non-renewable resource, and they remain working landscapes. Through active management, their countless interests can be secured to great public benefit.This dataset was developed using multiple reference layers, each contributing unique value. The layers are listed below in order of precedence for decision-making:Aerial Photography of Great Britain – High-resolution imagery used for precise boundary verification of historic parklands.OS 2nd Edition Historic Map (1888–1913) – Detailed topographic maps capturing landscape changes during the late Victorian and Edwardian periods, with a - particular focus on Parks and Ornamental Grounds.OS Hills Edition Historic Map (1885–1903) – One-inch-to-the-mile maps with shaded relief, providing insights into terrain and historical land use, with a specific emphasis on Parks and Ornamental Grounds.HE Registered Parks and Gardens (RPG) – Contains designated historic parkland names and boundaries.NE Wood Pasture and Parkland – Represents vegetation structure rather than historic features, used selectively when other sources are unavailable, although it has limited relevance for defining parkland boundaries.NE Ancient Woodland – Depicts ancient woodlands but has limited relevance for defining parkland boundaries.NE Historic Parkland – A pre-existing dataset with low spatial accuracy and no metadata, serving as a reference layer for areas requiring review (targeting only).Attribution Column Heading Full Name Format Description

Name Parkland Name Character (254) Name of Parkland

Part_N Part Number Character (5) Part number in case the parkland is formed by several polygon

Comment Comment Character (254) Open text field to record any unusual or specific cases

HER_Name HER Name Character (55) Name for each of the 83 Historic Environment Records geographic areas in England.

HE_Region HE Region Character (25) Name for each of 6 Historic England Regions

Area_m2 Area m2 Double The size of the parkland features square meters or hectares.

Length_m Length m (perimeter) Double The perimeter length of the parkland feature.

Creator Creator Character (25) The contractor, team or person who created the dataset entry.

C_Date Creation Date Date The date when the dataset entry was created.

Editor Editor Character (25) The contractor, team or person who last edited the dataset entry.

E_Date Edition Date Date The date of the last edit.

Full metadata can be viewed on environment.data.gov.uk