TOPODATA - INPE. Visit https://dataone.org/datasets/sha256%3A82cbb4638066c6668e43103f6dd0241f34a7b16356fea94936c9905f4fff3c1f for complete metadata about this dataset.

Dados geomorfométricos para as quadrículas da região de interesse em formatos txt, grd, tif e bmp.

ABSTRACT Terrain attributes (TAs) derived from digital elevation models (DEMs) are frequently used in digital soil mapping (DSM) as auxiliary covariates in the construction of prediction models. The DEMs and information extracted from it may be limited with regard to the spatial resolution and error magnitude, and can differ in the behavior of terrain features. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality and limitations of free DEM data and to evaluate a topographic survey (TS) underlying the choice of a more appropriate model, for use in DSMs at a scale of 1:10,000. The study was conducted in an area of 937 ha in the watershed of Lajeado Giruá, in southern Brazil. The DEMs: DEM-TS, DEM-Topographic Map (TM), DEM-ASTER, DEM-SRTM, and DEM-TOPODATA were evaluated with regard to the precision elevation by statistical tests based on field reference points, the root mean square error (RMSE), identification of the number and size of spurious depressions, and the application of the Brazilian Cartographic Accuracy Standards Law (BCASL) to define the scale of each DEM. In addition, the TA derived from each DEM was compared with the TA from DEM-TS, considered to be terrain reality. The results showed that the elevation data of DEM-TS had the best quality (RMSE = 1.93 m), followed by DEM-SRTM (RMSE = 5.95 m), DEM-Topographic Map (RMSE = 8.28 m), DEM-TOPODATA (RMSE = 9.78 m) and DEM-ASTER (RMSE = 15.57 m). The DEM-TS was well-represented at a 1:10,000 scale, while the DEM-Topographic Map and DEM-SRTM fitted 1:50,000, the DEM-TOPODATA 1:50,000 and the DEM-ASTER a 1:100,000 scale. The results of DEM-SRTM and DEM-TOPODATA were closest to terrain reality (DEM-TS) and had the lowest number of spurious depressions and RMSE values for each evaluated attribute, but were inadequate for not fitting detailed scales compatible with small areas. The techniques for the acquisition of elevation data of each DEM and mainly the flat to gently undulating topography were factors that influenced the results. For a DSM at a scale of 1:10,000 in similar areas, the most appropriate model is DEM-TS.

TDWB_23_1_topo_presub.zip contains the initial conditions key map and pre-aggradation phase FARO *.fls files. DryScan_xyzFiles.zip and WetScan_xyzFiles.zip contain aggradation phase *.mat xyzRGB files.

The dataset provides information on spatial variables (altitude, slope, drainage distance, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index - NDVI) that are useful for describing and mapping the ecotone forest zones that occur on the Maracá Island and its surroundings, State of Roraima, northern Brazilian Amazon. The study area is ~450,000 ha, with its geographic center located in Maracá Island. The altitude, slope and drainage distance maps are derived from the TOPODATA Project (http://www.dsr.inpe.br/topodata/). The NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) map was obtained from Landsat TM5 images: (i) orbit 232: points 57 (03/20/2007) and 58 (03/04/2007) and (ii) orbit 233: points 57 and 58 (11/03/2007). All maps were produced in a raster format with 30 m of spatial resolution and designed for UTM / Zone 20 N, WGS 84, using the ArcGis 10.0 software (http://www.esri.com/software/arcgis/index.html; licensed by Federal University of Roraima - UFRR). The maps were used to extract samples (pixel values) of each variable (altitude, slope, drainage distance, NDVI) from 129 permanent plots (50 mx 10 m; 6.45 ha) dispersed in the six East-West walking trails from the research grid of the Biodiversity Research Program (PPBio) (see Santos et al., 2020 - https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/2j354jtddx/2). The dataset consists of three files: (i) study_site - a figure indicating the location of the study area; (ii) maps - altitude (m), slope (°), drainage distance (m), NDVI (-1: 1); (iii) environmental_variables - altitude (m), slope (°), drainage_distance (m) and NDVI (-1: 1) related to the 129 permanent plots used in the dataset. The current dataset was supported by the projects (i) SavFloRR - Ecologia e manejo dos recursos naturais de ecossistemas de savanas e florestas de Roraima (PPI INPA 015/122), and (ii) Crescimento e mortalidade de árvores em florestas ecotonais de Roraima: efeito das condicionantes ambientais e da variabilidade climática (Proc. CNPq n. 403591 / 2016-3). The Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) supported E.H.S. The PELD Program provide a scholarship to W.R.S. (CNPq / CAPES / FAPs / BC-Fundo Newton; Proc. N. 441575 / 2016-1). The National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) provided a grant to R.I. Barbosa (CNPq 304204 / 2015-3). The Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio) authorized the study (SISBIO nº 52071).

Mapeamento das formas de terreno, resultado da combinação entre as curvaturas horizontal e vertical de vertentes, mapeadas por meio de declividade e Modelo Digital de Elevação (MDE), provenientes do Banco de Dados Geomorfométricos do Brasil (TOPODATA), do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE).

topo data from Auckland, courtesy of LINZ, from a LIDAR survey, 50m sampling (from the original 1m spacing). 12 km^2 around One Tree Hill in numpy array.

Representação matricial da curvatura vertical do terreno em Minas Gerais, elaborada a partir de análise morfométrica com base em Modelo Digital de Elevação (MDE). A camada é proveniente do Banco de Dados Geomorfométricos do Brasil (TOPODATA)

Mapa altimétrico do Estado de Minas Gerais, elaborado a partir da classificação temática, por níveis de altitude, do Modelo Digital de Elevação (MDE) extraído do Banco de Dados Geomorfométricos do Brasil (TOPODATA), com área de pixel de 30 metros (compatível com a escala 1:100.000)

Mapa de orientação de vertentes em Minas Gerais, elaborado com base no grau de inclinação das formas de relevo em relação a posição aparente do sol. Produto extraído do Modelo Digital de Elevação (MDE) extraído do Banco de Dados Geomorfométricos do Brasil (TOPODATA), com área de pixel de 30 metros (compatível com a escala 1:100.000).

Representação matricial da variação de declividade no Estado de Minas Gerais, elaborado pelo Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE) com base no Modelo Digital de Elevação (MDE) proveniente do Banco de Dados Geomorfométricos do Brasil (TOPODATA). Dados classificados em 6 faixas temáticas, considerando a variação de inclinação a partir da morfologia do terreno.

Polygon for each Topo50 map sheet holding extents of each sheet, it's sheet code, name, edition, and revision statement. This is the same information that is printed on each Topo50 map

Data Dictionary for linz_map_sheet: http://apps.linz.govt.nz/topo-data-dictionary/index.aspx?page=class-linz_map_sheet

This layer is a component of the Topo250 map series. The Topo250 map series provides topographic mapping for the New Zealand mainland and Chatham Islands, at 1:250,000 scale.

Further information on Topo250: http://www.linz.govt.nz/topography/topo-maps/topo250